CN108966940B - Solar greenhouse without heating in cold area and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Solar greenhouse without heating in cold area and construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108966940B
CN108966940B CN201810609575.1A CN201810609575A CN108966940B CN 108966940 B CN108966940 B CN 108966940B CN 201810609575 A CN201810609575 A CN 201810609575A CN 108966940 B CN108966940 B CN 108966940B
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framework
parts
layer
rammed earth
earth wall
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CN108966940A (en
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杨敬华
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Beijing Bohua Hongtai Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Institute Of Agricultural Economics And Development Caas
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Beijing Bohua Hongtai Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Institute Of Agricultural Economics And Development Caas
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
    • A01G9/1415—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material with double or multiple walls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00637—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as glue or binder for uniting building or structural materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Abstract

The invention discloses a sunlight greenhouse without heating in cold areas and a construction method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a rammed earth wall surrounding a main body frame constituting a solar greenhouse; the foamed cement layer is arranged on the outer side of the rammed earth wall; the heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the rammed earth wall; a keel which is erected on the upper part of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall; the keel comprises a framework and a cross beam, the cross beam comprises a top beam and a front end beam, and the top beam is arranged at the top end of the main body framework; the front end beam parallel top beam is arranged on the front end wall of the main body frame; the framework comprises a first framework and a second framework; the first framework and the second framework are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top beam, and the first framework is connected with the top beam and the front end beam in a sliding manner; the top end and the bottom end of the first framework are provided with clamping grooves; a cover plate is laid on the second framework, a solar cell panel is laid on the cover plate, a sealing plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate, and an extension part is arranged at the rear end of the sealing plate; and (7) an insulating layer. The construction method has the advantages of simple and efficient construction process, energy conservation, low price, long service life of the greenhouse and good heat storage function.

Description

Solar greenhouse without heating in cold area and construction method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of a sunlight greenhouse, in particular to a sunlight greenhouse without heating in a cold area and a construction method thereof.
Background
In the greenhouse which is not heated indoors, the solar energy is absorbed through the rear wall body, heat storage and release are realized, and a certain indoor temperature level is maintained, so that the growth requirement of vegetable crops is met. The rear wall body of the greenhouse in a general mode is a soil wall pressed by a track vehicle, the base of the rear wall is 7 meters wide, the heat storage and heat preservation performance is good, but the rear wall occupies a large area and has a low land utilization rate, and most importantly, the mode has fatal weaknesses such as low strength, easy collapse when meeting water and easy hiding and breeding of parasitic pests and the like on the rear wall which is not tamped; in the greenhouse adopting the brick rear wall, the thickness of the bricks below the ground surface is larger than the thickness of the local frozen soil layer so as to meet the heat preservation requirement, the manufacturing cost is high, and the heat preservation effect is poor; the heat preservation of greenhouse adopts the one deck heat preservation membrane to lay at the ceiling nowadays mostly, and the one deck heat preservation membrane is not only breakable, and the heat in the greenhouse permeates the heat preservation very easily moreover and runs off, and the heat preservation effect is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide the sunlight greenhouse without heating in the cold area, the heat insulation layer is arranged into double layers, the heat insulation and heat storage functions are good, a large amount of water vapor can be prevented from being generated in the greenhouse, the compressive strength of the wall body is high, the rainwater soaking resistance is strong, and the service life is long.
The invention also aims to provide a construction method of the solar greenhouse without heating in the cold area, which is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has simple and efficient construction process.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a solar greenhouse without heating in a cold area, comprising:
the rammed earth wall surrounds a main body frame forming the sunlight greenhouse, and the rammed earth wall extends into the ground by 20-40 cm.
And the foamed cement layer is arranged on the outer side of the rammed earth wall.
And the heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the rammed earth wall opposite to the foamed cement layer, extends into the ground surface by more than 15 cm and reaches a frozen soil layer.
A keel which is erected on the upper part of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall; the keel comprises a framework and a cross beam, the cross beam comprises a top beam and a front end beam, the top beam is arranged at the top end of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall, and a first sliding groove is longitudinally arranged along a first side surface of the top beam; the front end beam is arranged on the end surface of a front end wall body of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall in parallel with the top beam, and a second sliding groove opposite to the first sliding groove is longitudinally arranged along the top surface of the front end beam; the framework comprises a first framework and a second framework; the first framework and the second framework are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top beam, the head end and the tail end of the first framework are respectively provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, and the top end face and the bottom end face of the first framework are respectively provided with a clamping groove; second skeleton one end is connected the second side of back timber, the other end of second skeleton is connected the top of the main body frame rear end wall body that rammed earth wall constitutes, lay the apron of connecting with rotatable mode on the second skeleton, lay solar cell panel on the apron, the apron bottom sets up the shrouding with the main body frame rear end wall body's that rammed earth wall constitutes junction sets up the extension portion of connecting with the telescopic mode.
And the heat preservation layer comprises an upper heat preservation film and a lower heat preservation film, wherein the upper heat preservation film and the lower heat preservation film are respectively paved at the top end and the bottom end of the first framework to form a double-layer heat preservation layer.
Preferably, the insulating layer upper end and earth's surface parallel and level, the insulating layer is formed by the concatenation of polylith thermal-insulated unit, thermal-insulated unit is the extruded sheet, seam crossing between the thermal-insulated unit sets up the sealing strip.
Preferably, the lower end of the inner wall of the lower-layer heat-insulating film is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with a sealing element, and inert gas is arranged between the upper heat-insulating layer and the lower heat-insulating layer.
Preferably, still include the snow removal board, the snow removal board is in with can reciprocating and detachable mode setting the first side of back timber is and be located adjacently between the first skeleton, the snow removal board bottom sets up the sponge, the snow removal board front end sets up the push pedal of connecting with rotatable mode.
The method for building the solar greenhouse without heating in the cold area mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1, digging a rectangular foundation pit with the depth of 20-80cm, preparing a soil binder diluent, adding the diluent into soil, and stirring to obtain mixed soil; wherein, the soil adhesive mainly comprises a plurality of the following components in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of cement, 5-25 parts of peat, 5-10 parts of water glass, 4-10 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 20-30 parts of polycationic cellulose, 4-10 parts of zeolite, 10-20 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-15 parts of soda ash and 15-25 parts of water.
And 2, adding the mixed soil into the foundation pit, and tamping the mixture layer by layer until the mixture reaches the ground surface.
And 3, supporting the templates on the main body part above the ground surface, adding mixed soil materials between the templates, and ramming layer by layer to the designed height to form the rammed earth wall.
And 4, arranging the 15-35cm foamed cement layer on the outer side of the rammed earth wall.
And 5, arranging a heat insulation layer on the inner side of the rammed earth wall, wherein the heat insulation layer extends into the ground surface by more than 15 cm and reaches a frozen earth layer.
And 6, erecting the keel and a heat-insulating layer for capping above the rammed earth wall.
Preferably, the foamed cement layer mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-600 parts of Portland cement, 300 parts of water, 250-35 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 1-10 parts of calcium stearate, 1-3 parts of polypropylene-based fiber, 10-15 parts of metakaolin, 4-8 parts of talcum powder, 5-10 parts of ceramic tile polishing powder, 1-2 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide and 0.01-0.05 part of nitrite.
Preferably, step 4 further comprises arranging a black heat absorbing layer on the inner side of the rammed earth wall.
Preferably, the mixed soil material in the step 1 further comprises fly ash, wherein the particle size range of fly ash particles is 0.5-100 μm, the porosity is 50% -80%, and the density is 1.9-2.9g/cm3。
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the heat preservation layer is generally provided with a heat preservation film, heat energy in the greenhouse can be dissipated from the surface of the heat preservation film, the heat preservation effect is poor, the heat preservation layer is provided with double layers, gas exists between the layers, the dissipation of heat in the greenhouse is slowed down to a great extent, and the gas layer not only plays a certain heat preservation role, but also can prevent a large amount of water vapor from being generated in the greenhouse; the clamping groove is formed in the first framework, so that the heat-insulating layer can be fixed well; the heat-insulating layer at the top end of the sunlight greenhouse can be unfolded or closed in a left-right sliding mode through the first framework, so that the sunlight greenhouse is very convenient and labor-saving, large-area ventilation in the sunlight greenhouse is facilitated, and the air quality in the sunlight greenhouse is improved; the solar cell panel can receive sufficient sunlight through the rotation of the cover plate to supply power to facilities in the sunlight greenhouse, so that natural resources are fully utilized, and the solar greenhouse is energy-saving and environment-friendly; when the sealing plate is used for sealing the upper top between the top beam and the rear end wall body of the main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall, the extension part at the rear end of the sealing plate plays a certain role in protecting the rear end wall body, so that rainwater is prevented from directly flowing down to the wall surface of the rammed earth wall, and the service life of the sunlight greenhouse is prolonged; the rammed earth wall is the greenhouse main body frame, so that the wall body of the greenhouse is good in water stability, excellent in heat insulation performance, durable in use and capable of being soaked by external rainwater and internal water vapor; the foamed cement layer is arranged on the outer side of the rammed earth wall, so that the wind and cold resistance of the greenhouse outer wall is further improved; the heat insulation layer is arranged below the earth surface on the inner side of the rammed earth wall and plays a role in water insulation and heat preservation, and the wall body of the greenhouse consisting of the heat insulation layer, the rammed earth wall and the foamed cement layer has excellent heat storage capacity, so that the temperature of the greenhouse is increased by radiation at night.
The rammed earth wall is good in hardening and solidifying effect, high in compressive strength and durable in use, the keel and the heat-insulating layer can be well supported, heavy snow and heavy wind can be resisted, and the service life is over 30 years; the heat storage and insulation effect is good, a large amount of heat can be stored in the thick wall body, the heat insulation effect is much better than that of the traditional masonry vegetable greenhouse, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse can reach 38 ℃ in extremely cold areas. The lowest temperature in the greenhouse is above 8 ℃; compared with the red brick masonry wall, the red brick masonry wall can save the engineering cost by about 25 to 40 percent; the rammed earth wall is mainly made of earth, the energy saving rate reaches 80%, the rammed earth wall is a non-toxic pollution-free green wall body, local materials can be obtained, the construction process is simple, the rammed earth wall is widely and efficiently applicable, energy-saving and low-cost, the whole wall body is uniform and attractive, the rammed earth wall is an ideal sunlight greenhouse heat-insulating wall body, redundant heat can be absorbed in summer, the room temperature can be reduced, the indoor temperature and humidity can be automatically balanced and adjusted, and the rammed earth wall forms a main body frame of the greenhouse.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a non-heating sunlight greenhouse in a cold area according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of one side wall of the solar greenhouse without heating in the cold area according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a first frame according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention provides a sunlight greenhouse without heating in cold regions, comprising:
the rammed earth wall 100 surrounds a main body frame forming the sunlight greenhouse, and the rammed earth wall 100 extends into the ground by 20-40 cm.
And a foamed cement layer 101 disposed outside the rammed earth wall 100.
And a heat insulating layer 102 provided on the inner side of the rammed earth wall 100 opposite to the foamed cement layer 101, wherein the heat insulating layer 102 extends to a position 15 cm or more below the ground surface and reaches a frozen earth layer.
A keel 200 installed on an upper portion of a main frame formed by the rammed earth wall 100; the keel 200 comprises a framework 201 and a cross beam 202, the cross beam 202 comprises a top beam 203 and a front end beam 204, the top beam 203 is arranged at the top end of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall 100, and a first sliding groove 205 is longitudinally arranged along a first side surface of the top beam 203; the front end beam 204 is arranged on the end surface of the front end wall body of the main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall 100 in parallel with the top beam 203, and a second sliding groove 206 opposite to the first sliding groove 205 is longitudinally arranged along the top surface of the front end beam 204; the skeleton 201 comprises a first skeleton 207 and a second skeleton 208; the first framework 207 and the second framework 208 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top beam 203, the head end and the tail end of the first framework 207 are both provided with sliding blocks matched with the first sliding groove 205 and the second sliding groove 206, and the top end face and the bottom end face of the first framework 207 are both provided with clamping grooves 208; second skeleton 209 one end is connected the second side of back timber 203, the other end of second skeleton 209 is connected the top of the main body frame rear end wall body that rammed earth wall 100 constitutes, lay the apron 210 of connecting with rotatable mode on the second skeleton 209, lay solar cell panel on the apron 210, the apron 210 bottom sets up shrouding 211 the shrouding 211 with the extension 212 of connecting with the telescopic mode is set up to the junction of the main body frame rear end wall body that rammed earth wall 100 constitutes.
And the heat preservation layer 300 comprises an upper heat preservation film and a lower heat preservation film, wherein the upper heat preservation film and the lower heat preservation film are respectively paved at the top end and the bottom end of the first framework 207 to form a double-layer heat preservation layer.
In the scheme, the heat-insulating layer is generally provided with the heat-insulating film, the heat energy in the greenhouse can be dissipated from the surface of the heat-insulating film, the heat-insulating effect is poor, the heat-insulating layer 300 is provided with two layers, gas exists between the layers, the dissipation of heat in the greenhouse is slowed down to a great extent, and the gas layer not only plays a certain heat-insulating role, but also can prevent a large amount of water vapor from being generated in the greenhouse; the clamping groove 208 is arranged on the first framework 207, so that the heat-insulating layer 300 can be fixed well; the heat-insulating layer 300 at the top end of the sunlight greenhouse can be unfolded or closed in a left-right sliding mode through the first framework 207, so that the sunlight greenhouse is very convenient and labor-saving, large-area ventilation in the sunlight greenhouse is facilitated, and the air quality in the sunlight greenhouse is improved; through the rotation of the cover plate 210, the solar panel can receive sufficient sunlight illumination to supply power to facilities in the sunlight greenhouse, so that natural resources are fully utilized, and the solar greenhouse is energy-saving and environment-friendly; when the sealing plate 211 is used for sealing the upper top between the top beam 203 and the rear end wall of the main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall 100, the extension part 212 at the rear end of the sealing plate 211 plays a certain role in protecting the rear end wall, so that rainwater is prevented from directly flowing down to the wall surface of the rammed earth wall 100, and the service life of the sunlight greenhouse is prolonged; the rammed earth wall 100 is the greenhouse main body frame, so that the wall body of the greenhouse has good water stability, excellent heat insulation performance and durability, and can be soaked by external rainwater and internal water vapor; the foamed cement layer 101 is arranged on the outer side of the rammed earth wall 100, so that the wind and cold resistance of the greenhouse outer wall is further improved; the heat insulation layer 102 is arranged below the earth surface at the inner side of the rammed earth wall 100 and plays a role in water insulation and heat preservation, and the wall body of the greenhouse consisting of the heat insulation layer, the rammed earth wall and the foamed cement layer has excellent heat storage capacity, so that the temperature of the greenhouse is increased by radiation at night.
The rammed earth wall 100 is good in hardening and curing effect, high in compressive strength and durable in use, the keel 200 and the heat-insulating layer 300 can be well supported, heavy snow and heavy wind can be resisted, and the service life is more than 30 years; the heat storage and insulation effect is good, a large amount of heat can be stored in the thick wall body, the heat insulation effect is much better than that of the traditional masonry vegetable greenhouse, and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse can reach 38 ℃ in extremely cold areas. The lowest temperature in the greenhouse is above 8 ℃; compared with the red brick masonry wall, the red brick masonry wall can save the engineering cost by about 25 to 40 percent; the rammed earth wall 100 is mainly made of earth, the energy saving rate reaches 80%, the rammed earth wall is a non-toxic pollution-free green wall body, local materials can be used, the construction process is simple, the rammed earth wall is widely and efficiently applicable, energy-saving and low-cost, the whole wall body is uniform and attractive, the rammed earth wall is an ideal sunlight greenhouse heat-insulating wall body, redundant heat can be absorbed in summer, the room temperature can be reduced, the indoor temperature and humidity can be automatically balanced and adjusted, and the rammed earth wall 100 forms a main body frame of the greenhouse.
In a preferable scheme, the upper end of the heat insulation layer 102 is flush with the ground surface, the heat insulation layer 102 is formed by splicing a plurality of heat insulation units, the heat insulation units are extruded plates, and sealing strips are arranged at seams among the heat insulation units.
In the scheme, the heat insulation layer 102 is arranged below the ground surface at the inner side of the rammed earth wall 100, so that irrigation water intruding below the ground surface is prevented from soaking the part below the ground surface of the rammed earth wall 100, and the service life of the rammed earth wall 100 is further ensured. Because the number of the heat insulation units is multiple, seams exist among the heat insulation units, and in order to prevent water in soil from entering and soaking the rammed earth wall 100 from the seams during irrigation, sealing strips are arranged in the seams, so that the water in the soil is completely isolated outside the rammed earth wall 100, and a good protection effect is achieved on the foundation part of the rammed earth wall 100; the sealing strip can be made of materials with good waterproof performance, such as plastic cloth and the like; the heat insulation unit is an extruded sheet which has excellent heat insulation, excellent high-strength compression resistance, excellent hydrophobicity, moisture resistance and corrosion resistance and environmental protection performance; the heat insulation unit can also adopt other materials, such as polystyrene foam heat insulation boards and the like.
In a preferred scheme, an opening is formed in the lower end of the inner wall of the lower-layer heat-insulating film, a sealing element is arranged at the opening, and inert gas is arranged between the upper heat-insulating layer and the lower heat-insulating layer.
In the scheme, the inert gas is filled between the upper layer heat-insulating film and the lower layer heat-insulating film from the opening, the opening is sealed through the sealing piece, the inert gas has a heat insulation function, heat in the greenhouse is prevented from flowing out of the heat-insulating layer, heat energy can be kept in the greenhouse in winter, and a large amount of water vapor can be prevented from being generated in the greenhouse.
In a preferable scheme, the snow remover further comprises a snow removing plate 400, wherein the snow removing plate 400 is arranged on the first side of the top beam 203 in a vertically movable and detachable mode and is positioned between the adjacent first frameworks 207, a sponge is arranged at the bottom end of the snow removing plate 400, and a push plate 401 connected in a rotatable mode is arranged at the front end of the snow removing plate 400.
In the above scheme, winter is in order to prevent to descend snow on the heat preservation 300 will the ceiling that fossil fragments 200 and heat preservation 300 constitute collapses, also influences when preventing snow to melt simultaneously temperature in the sunlight greenhouse utilizes the snowboard 400 up-and-down motion will snow on the upper insulation film is shoveled, rotates simultaneously push pedal 401 when the snowboard 400 up-and-down motion, the sponge is wiped upper insulation film top layer makes the light transmissivity of heat preservation is better, more does benefit to the growth of the plant in the sunlight greenhouse.
The method for building the solar greenhouse without heating in the cold area mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1, digging a rectangular foundation pit with the depth of 20-80cm, preparing a soil binder diluent, adding the diluent into soil, and stirring to obtain mixed soil; wherein, the soil adhesive mainly comprises a plurality of the following components in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of cement, 5-25 parts of peat, 5-10 parts of water glass, 4-10 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 20-30 parts of polycationic cellulose, 4-10 parts of zeolite, 10-20 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-15 parts of soda ash and 15-25 parts of water.
And 2, adding the mixed soil into the foundation pit, and tamping the mixture layer by layer until the mixture reaches the ground surface.
And 3, supporting the templates on the main body part above the ground surface, adding mixed soil materials between the templates, and ramming layer by layer to the designed height to form the rammed earth wall 100.
And 4, arranging the 15-35cm foamed cement layer 101 on the outer side of the rammed earth wall 100.
And 5, arranging the heat insulation layer 102 on the inner side of the rammed earth wall 100, wherein the heat insulation layer 102 is arranged below the earth surface by more than 15 centimeters and reaches a frozen earth layer.
And 6, erecting the keel 200 and the heat-insulating layer 300 above the rammed earth wall 100 for capping.
In the scheme, the rammed earth wall 100 is obtained by adding the soil binder into the soil and then tamping, the wall body base is stable until reaching a frozen soil layer, water permeates into the ground surface when irrigation is carried out, the heat insulation layer 102 is arranged on the inner side of the wall body to prevent the base part from being soaked by the water, and the heat insulation layer 102 also has a heat insulation effect. The rammed earth wall 100 is mainly made of earth, the energy saving rate reaches 80%, the rammed earth wall is a non-toxic pollution-free green wall body, local materials can be used, the manufacturing cost is low, the construction process is simple, the application is wide and efficient, the greenhouse is updated in the future, the rammed earth wall 100 added with the soil adhesive can be decomposed and returned to the soil, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized; the rammed earth wall 100 is an ideal sunlight greenhouse heat-insulation wall body which is uniform and attractive in overall appearance, and the foamed cement layer 101 is additionally arranged on the rammed earth wall 100, so that the heat-insulation effect is better, the rammed earth wall has excellent heat storage capacity, and the temperature of the greenhouse is increased by radiation at night; the heat-absorbing material can absorb redundant heat in summer, help to reduce the room temperature, and automatically balance and adjust the indoor temperature and humidity.
In a preferred embodiment, the foamed cement layer 101 mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-600 parts of Portland cement, 300 parts of water, 250-35 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 1-10 parts of calcium stearate, 1-3 parts of polypropylene-based fiber, 10-15 parts of metakaolin, 4-8 parts of talcum powder, 5-10 parts of ceramic tile polishing powder, 1-2 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide and 0.01-0.05 part of nitrite.
In the scheme, the porous property of the foamed cement enables the foamed cement to have low elastic modulus and good absorption and dispersion effects on impact load, so that the rammed soil layer is protected; the foamed cement also has certain waterproof performance; the raw materials required by the foaming cement do not contain harmful substances such as benzene, formaldehyde and the like, thereby avoiding environmental pollution and fire-fighting hidden danger.
In a preferable scheme, the step 4 further comprises that a black heat absorption layer is arranged on the inner side of the rammed earth wall 100.
In the scheme, the black substance has strong absorption capacity on heat radiation, the temperature rises quickly, molecules expand after the black substance is heated, gaps among the molecules are pulled open, the distance between the molecules can be gradually recovered after the black substance is stopped being heated, the heat is released, the inner side of the rammed earth wall is brushed into black, the purpose is to increase the heat absorption capacity and the heat release capacity, a black film can be hung on the wall behind the ceiling, and the effects of more heat absorption and more heat release can be achieved.
In a preferable scheme, the mixed soil material in the step 1 further comprises fly ash, wherein the particle size range of fly ash particles is 0.5-100 μm, the porosity is 50% -80%, and the density is 1.9-2.9g/cm3。
In the scheme, the fly ash can react to generate a compound with hydraulic gelation performance, becomes a material for increasing the strength and durability, is favorable for enhancing the strength of the rammed earth wall, has rich fly ash resources and low price, is a novel building material raw material and a raw material of a chemical product which are beneficial to harm removal, and is favorable for environmental protection.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A sunlight greenhouse without heating in cold areas comprises:
the rammed earth wall surrounds a main body frame forming the sunlight greenhouse, and the rammed earth wall extends into the ground by 20-40 cm;
the foamed cement layer is arranged on the outer side of the rammed earth wall;
the heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the rammed earth wall opposite to the foamed cement layer, extends into the ground surface by more than 15 cm and is based on reaching a frozen soil layer;
a keel which is erected on the upper part of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall; the keel comprises a framework and a cross beam, the cross beam comprises a top beam and a front end beam, the top beam is arranged at the top end of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall, and a first sliding groove is longitudinally arranged along a first side surface of the top beam; the front end beam is arranged on the end surface of a front end wall body of a main body frame formed by the rammed earth wall in parallel with the top beam, and a second sliding groove opposite to the first sliding groove is longitudinally arranged along the top surface of the front end beam; the framework comprises a first framework and a second framework; the first framework and the second framework are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top beam, the head end and the tail end of the first framework are respectively provided with a sliding block matched with the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove, and the top end face and the bottom end face of the first framework are respectively provided with a clamping groove; one end of the second framework is connected to the second side of the top beam, the other end of the second framework is connected to the top end of the rear end wall body of the main body framework formed by the rammed earth wall, a cover plate which is connected in a rotatable mode is laid on the second framework, a solar cell panel is laid on the cover plate, a sealing plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate, and an extension part which is connected in a telescopic mode is arranged at the connection position of the sealing plate and the rear end wall body of the main body framework formed by the rammed earth wall;
the heat preservation layer comprises an upper heat preservation film and a lower heat preservation film, the upper heat preservation film and the lower heat preservation film are respectively paved at the top end and the bottom end of the adjacent first framework to form a double-layer heat preservation layer, and a heat preservation quilt is paved on the outer side of the heat preservation layer; the lower extreme of lower floor's heat preservation membrane inner wall sets up the opening, the opening part sets up the sealing member, set up inert gas between upper and lower heat preservation.
2. The cold-region solar greenhouse without heating according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the heat insulation layer is flush with the ground surface, the heat insulation layer is formed by splicing a plurality of heat insulation units, the heat insulation units are extruded sheets, and sealing strips are arranged at seams among the heat insulation units.
3. The cold-region solar greenhouse without heating according to claim 1, further comprising a snow removing plate, wherein the snow removing plate is movably and detachably arranged on the first side of the top beam and between the adjacent first frameworks, a sponge is arranged at the bottom end of the snow removing plate, and a push plate which is rotatably connected is arranged at the front end of the snow removing plate.
4. A method for constructing a cold-region non-warming sunlight greenhouse as claimed in claim 1, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1, digging a rectangular foundation pit with the depth of 20-80cm, preparing a soil binder diluent, adding the diluent into soil, and stirring to obtain mixed soil; wherein, the soil adhesive mainly comprises a plurality of the following components in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of cement, 5-25 parts of peat, 5-10 parts of water glass, 4-10 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 20-30 parts of polycationic cellulose, 4-10 parts of zeolite, 10-20 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-15 parts of soda ash and 15-25 parts of water;
step 2, adding the mixed soil into the foundation pit, and tamping the mixture layer by layer until the mixture reaches the ground surface;
step 3, supporting templates on the main body part above the ground surface, adding the mixed soil materials between the templates, and ramming layer by layer to the designed height to form the rammed earth wall;
step 4, arranging 15-35cm of foamed cement on the outer side of the rammed earth wall;
step 5, arranging the heat insulation layer on the inner side of the rammed earth wall, wherein the heat insulation layer extends into the ground surface by more than 15 cm and reaches a frozen earth layer;
and 6, erecting the keel and a heat-insulating layer for capping above the rammed earth wall.
5. The method for constructing the cold-region non-warming sunlight greenhouse of claim 4, wherein the foamed cement layer mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-600 parts of Portland cement, 300 parts of water, 250-35 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 1-10 parts of calcium stearate, 1-3 parts of polypropylene-based fiber, 10-15 parts of metakaolin, 4-8 parts of talcum powder, 5-10 parts of ceramic tile polishing powder, 1-2 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide and 0.01-0.05 part of nitrite.
6. The method for constructing a cold district non-warming sunlight greenhouse of claim 4, wherein the step 4 further comprises disposing a black heat absorbing layer outside the foamed cement layer.
7. The method for constructing a cold-region non-warming sunlight greenhouse of claim 4, wherein the mixed soil material in step 1 further comprises fly ash, the fly ash has a particle size range of 0.5-100 μm, a porosity of 50% -80%, and a density of 1.9-2.9g/cm3。
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CN109874572A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-06-14 安徽鼎博新能源科技发展有限公司 A kind of photovoltaic agricultural greenhouse
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GB2103696A (en) * 1981-08-14 1983-02-23 Bernard John Skittrall Improvements relating to buildings
CN1067844C (en) * 1997-04-10 2001-07-04 高玉成 Non-support sunlight greenhouse
CN2368273Y (en) * 1999-03-23 2000-03-15 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 Dual layer film fixing structure of plastic tunnel
CN1286362C (en) * 2003-07-28 2006-11-29 刘贵堂 Efficient thermal insulation green house and producing method thereof
CN203608625U (en) * 2013-12-06 2014-05-28 陵军成 Sunlight greenhouse for maturing and delayed cultivation of grapes
CN204104424U (en) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-21 徐超 Loam wall and insulating plate structure formula arc heat insulation vegetable greenhouse
CN204579313U (en) * 2015-03-17 2015-08-26 刘建 A kind of vegetables heat preservation greenhouse
CN105104018A (en) * 2015-08-30 2015-12-02 谢燕燕 Inflation and inhalation type dual-layer heat preservation greenhouse for planting vegetables
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