CN108964139A - A kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency control method based on consistency algorithm - Google Patents
A kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency control method based on consistency algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
- H02J3/42—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator with automatic parallel connection when synchronisation is achieved
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Abstract
The hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency control method based on consistency algorithm that the invention discloses a kind of, according to the state-of-charge for considering energy-storage system, construct a kind of improved sagging control strategy, the state-of-charge of energy-storage system is considered by introducing to the sagging control strategy of tradition, it solves that the load that each energy-storage units are undertaken is directly proportional to SOC, can effectively play the regulating power of energy storage.Meanwhile for frequency departure problem is easy to appear in the primary control of micro-grid system, a kind of consistency algorithm realization primary control indifference frequency modulation is devised.In order to realize micro-grid connection Frequency Synchronization, it is proposed a kind of micro-grid connection Strategy For Synchronization Control based on Two-stage control, micro-capacitance sensor voltage synchronization synchronous, frequency with main network voltage may be implemented, to realize micro-capacitance sensor smoothly switching from island mode to grid-connect mode, bulk power grid and micro-grid system frequency stability and power quality are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro-grid connection fields, and in particular to is applied to micro-capacitance sensor by the hierarchical control of consistency algorithm
The method of grid-connected synchronizing frequency control.
Background technique
Due to distributed power generation have many advantages, such as pollution less, energy utilization rate is high, infield is flexible, and with centralization
Power generation is compared, and transmission & distribution electric resources and operating cost are saved, and reduces the line loss for concentrating transmission of electricity.Distributed power generation can subtract
Few total grid capacity, improves power grid peak valley performance, improves power supply reliability, is the strong supplement and effectively support of bulk power grid.Into
Over 20 years, distributed power generation has been put on schedule by most of country, and people start the potential effect to distributed generation system
Benefit expansion is conscientiously studied.Undoubtedly, distributed power generation is one of development trend of electric system.
There are problems in itself although advantages in distributed generation resource.For example, distributed generation resource single machine cost of access
High, control difficulty etc..In addition, distributed generation resource is with respect to being a uncontrollable source for bulk power grid, therefore big system is often taken
Limitation, isolation mode dispose distributed generation resource, to reducing its impact to bulk power grid.Distributed generation resource mixes with user
And the active type distribution formed is that electric system brings new challenge, to solve the problems, such as that distributed generation resource accesses, coordinates big electricity
The contradiction of net and distributed generation resource, sufficiently excavating distributed generation resource is power grid and user's bring value and benefit, in this century
Just, scholars propose the concept of micro-capacitance sensor.The generator unit that rated power is tens kilowatts by micro-capacitance sensor --- micro- source is born
Lotus, energy storage device and control device etc. combine, and form a single controllable unit, while supply of electrical energy and thermal energy.Based on micro-
The power grid adjustment of electric network composition can facilitate large-scale distributed power supply (DER) to interconnect and intervene in middle low-pressure system, provide
A kind of mechanism making full use of DER unit.
It in low pressure micro-grid system, is influenced by line impedance, the sagging control of tradition is difficult to realize active power and nothing
The distribution of function power, voltage and frequency adjusting just will appear some problems.It is mainly shown as distributed generation resource output voltage amplitude
With difference existing for frequency.
There are two types of operational mode in micro-capacitance sensor: isolated operation and being incorporated into the power networks.When micro-grid connection by isolated operation
Be switched to the mode of being incorporated into the power networks, be to be connected by points of common connection with main power grid, inverter output exchange watt level with
Micro-capacitance sensor voltage amplitude and the measurement accuracy of frequency are closely related.Therefore the width of voltage at micro-capacitance sensor points of common connection must be controlled
Value, frequency and phase angle, it is consistent with main power grid, very big impact otherwise can be not only caused to main power grid when grid-connected, it can also be to micro-
The stability of power grid distributed generation resource impacts.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as micro-grid connection, the invention proposes a kind of hierarchical control micro-capacitance sensor based on consistency algorithm is simultaneously
Net synchronizing frequency control method mainly includes two layers: where primary control is by improving sagging control, power control, voltage control
System and current control and control system form；For being easy to appear frequency departure problem in the primary control of micro-grid system,
Design it is a kind of consistency algorithm is applied in primary control, realize primary control in without difference frequency；In order to realize that micro-capacitance sensor is flat
Cunning is grid-connected, and micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency control strategy is proposed in Two-stage control, makes grid-connected moment two by frequency compensation
Side difference on the frequency is close to zero, and provides theoretical foundation for micro-grid connection.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of hierarchical control based on consistency algorithm is micro-
The grid-connected synchronizing frequency control method of power grid, which is characterized in that comprise the following specific steps that:
Step (1): the energy storage charge state SOC of micro-capacitance sensor and the active-power P of distributed generation resource output are detected, utilizes one
A sign function relevant to P, SOC obtains the active sagging coefficient b of dynamic；It is obtained by communication using the inverse of the sagging control of improvement
The output voltage and frequency for becoming device, calculate adjacent inverter active power per unit value, in conjunction with the average homogeneity iterative algorithm of weight
Carry out the control of active-frequency；
Step (2): micro-capacitance sensor synchronize it is grid-connected during, by Park transformation by micro- voltage on line side vodqAnd major network side electricity
Press vgdqDecomposition obtains dq axis component vod、voq、vgd、vgq, utilize PI controller parameter and vod、voq、vgd、vgqRelevant function table
Show synchronizing frequency fsy；The synchronized frequency f of micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation Δ fsyCompensation, when so that Δ f being less than some specified value
It synchronizes grid-connected.
Further, described to obtain the specific mistake of the active sagging coefficient b of dynamic using a sign function relevant to P, SOC
Journey are as follows: by the use to sign function, in the active insufficient situation of output, sagging coefficient b and SOC is inversely proportional, each DG hair
The load that electric unit is undertaken is directly proportional to SOC；In the case that active output is more than needed, situation is insufficient with active output；
Wherein: wiFor the angular frequency of output voltage, wirefFor the frequency of voltage rating, k0For initial sagging coefficient, sgn (x)
For sign function, η is the proportionality coefficient of energy storage system capacity, is defined asCESS,iFor accumulation power supply i can
With capacity, min [CESS,i] be accumulation power supply i minimum capacity, PiAnd PirefIt is power supply reality output active power and volume respectively
Determine active power of output.
Further, the average homogeneity iterative algorithm of the combination weight carries out the detailed process of the control of active-frequency are as follows:
Over time, the state of all intelligent bodies can finally tend to an identical value in system, so that all parallel connections are inverse
The active power per unit value for becoming device converges on its mean value:
Wherein:The per unit value of the active power of respectively inverter i, j, Wii,WijFor xi,xjPower in node i
Value.
Further, described to utilize PI controller parameter and vod、voq、vgd、vgqRelevant function representation synchronizing frequency fsy's
Detailed process are as follows: micro-capacitance sensor can pass through static transfer switch and become owner of power grid, eliminate frequency departure by PI controller, therefore micro-
The synchronizing frequency of power grid and main power grid can indicate are as follows:
Wherein: fsyFor the synchronizing frequency between micro-capacitance sensor and main power grid, ωcFor corner frequency, s be Laplace transform because
Son, kpsyAnd kisyThe scale parameter and integral parameter of PI respectively in synchronously control.
Further, the synchronized frequency f of micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation Δ fsyCompensation:
Wherein: kp_ΔfAnd ki_ΔfThe respectively control parameter of Two-stage control compensator, fMGIt is defeated at distributed electrical source port
Actual frequency out,Reference frequency at distributed electrical source port.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art and the utility model has the advantages that proposed by the invention improve sagging control strategy
By the use to sign function, biggish sagging coefficient is arranged in the power supply of energy storage surplus abundance, to make its power output relatively
Greatly, lesser sagging coefficient is arranged in the insufficient power supply of energy storage surplus, keeps its power output relatively small, can effectively play energy storage
Regulating power；Meanwhile in order to solve the problems, such as frequency departure present in primary control, consistency algorithm is applied to primary control
System realizes micro-capacitance sensor indifference frequency modulation.In order to reach final grid-connected purpose, propose that micro-capacitance sensor frequency recovery reaches in secondary control
Two sides frequency departure is adjusted, to realize micro-grid connection Frequency Synchronization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is micro-capacitance sensor structure chart；
Fig. 2 is to improve sagging control block diagram；
Fig. 3 is that micro-capacitance sensor synchronizes grid-connected frequency departure block diagram；
Fig. 4 is the synchronously control figure of micro-grid connection.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is micro-capacitance sensor structural block diagram, and each DG generator unit accesses micro-capacitance sensor by power electronics translation interface, to guarantee
The power output of micro-capacitance sensor is stablized, and is equipped with energy-storage units in inverter direct-flow side.
Step 1: primary control is by using the sagging control of improvement of consistency algorithm, power control, voltage control, electric current control
System is formed with control system
Step 1.1, the active-power P of the energy storage charge state SOC and distributed generation resource output that will test micro-capacitance sensor are made
For known local information, dynamic tuning is carried out to active sagging coefficient k p using droop control method is improved, so that point
Cloth power supply undertakes customer charge according to the power generation margin of itself.Improving droop control method is by adjusting active sagging system
Several modes carries out droop control.Fig. 2 is the dqz shaft voltage component u according to abc-dq transformation outputd、uqAnd current component
id、iq, calculated instantaneous active power P=ud id+uq iq, mean power LPF is obtained by filtering.
Droop control method is improved, specifically:
Traditional frequency droop control strategy are as follows:
W=wref+k(P-Pref) (1)
Wherein: w is the angular frequency of output voltage, wrefFor the angular frequency of voltage rating, k is sagging coefficient, PrefFor reference
Active output；
Traditional frequency droop control strategy does not consider that the SOC of energy-storage system, sagging coefficient are fixed value, this is just meaned
When occur active missing or it is active superfluous when, each energy-storage system is all using mean allocation active power, this does not have not only
There is the otherness in view of each energy-storage system SOC, but also substantially reduces energy-storage system utilization rate.
In order to allow the power supply of energy storage surplus abundance that biggish sagging coefficient is arranged, thus keep its active output relatively large,
Lesser sagging coefficient should be arranged in the insufficient power supply of energy storage surplus, can obtain improved sagging adjusting relationship are as follows:
Wherein: wiFor the angular frequency of output voltage, wirefFor the angular frequency of voltage rating, k0For initial sagging coefficient, SOC
It is the state-of-charge of energy-storage system, sgn (x) is sign function, and for returning to the positive and negative situation of x, η is the ratio of energy storage system capacity
Example coefficient, is defined asWherein, CESS,iFor the active volume of accumulation power supply i, min [CESS,i] it is accumulation power supply
The minimum capacity of i, PiAnd PirefIt is power supply i real output and rated output power respectively.
Sagging control is improved, when active superfluous, each distributed generation resource charges to respective energy storage, so that Pi-Piref< 0,
The i.e. corresponding sagging coefficient of power supply j are as follows:
Energy storage charge power ratio are as follows:
Wherein: Δ w=wi-wiref；
Energy-storage travelling wave tube used by energy-storage system is like products, so its min [CESS,i] be it is identical, in calculating process
It equivalent can eliminate.
Therefore, power supply j and power supply i is to the ratio between respective energy-storage system charge power are as follows:
After improved sagging control strategy, the state-of-charge and total appearance of the active output increment of power supply and its energy-storage system
Amount is related.As the state-of-charge SOC of power supply j energy-storage systemjWith the state-of-charge SOC of power supply i energy-storage systemiWhen consistent, power supply has
Function variation is directly proportional to stored energy capacitance, to make SOCjWith SOCiIt is reduced according to same rate；Work as SOCj> SOCiWhen, so that
SOCiRate of rise can be greater than SOCj, SOC at this timeiIt can be gradually to SOCjIt draws close, and energy storage relatively long in the load disturbance time is held
In the case that amount is met the requirements, for using multiple inverters of this control strategy in system, the SOC of energy-storage units can become
In equal.
Similar load increase be also in this way, therefore multiple distributed generation resources of sagging control strategy are improved using this, prevent pair
The excessive charge and discharge of energy storage, increase energy storage service life, and the SOC of energy-storage units can tend to be equal.
Step 1.2, improved sagging control is to carry out droop control by way of adjusting sagging coefficient.It is every in microgrid
Platform inverter is controlled by the information of the available part inverter adjacent thereto of communication in conjunction with corresponding distributed consensus
The indifference frequency modulation of micro-capacitance sensor can be realized in algorithm.
Consistency refers in a multi-agent system, over time, the state of all intelligent bodies in system
An identical value can finally be tended to, consistency algorithm (agreement) then refers to interact between intelligent body in complication system
Rule, congruity theory can be described in conjunction with graph theory knowledge；Therefore it proposes a kind of based on distributed consensus algorithm
Indifference frequency modulation control method.
Wherein: b is the sagging coefficient of dynamic improved in sagging control, Pi *,The active power of respectively inverter i, j
Per unit value, Wii,WijFor xi,xjWeight in node i.
Inverter i might as well be set, the rated capacity of j is respectively Si,Sj, then Pi *、Meet:
Pi *=Pi/Si (8)
Wherein Pi、PjThe respectively active power of inverter i, j；
By consistency algorithm local degree distribute weight method it is found thatMeeting is so that all parallel connections are inverse
The active power per unit value of change device is set up when converging on its mean value, i.e. following formula micro-capacitance sensor stable state.
BecauseOnly work in transient process, steady-state value 0, therefore angular frequency
Given value be desired value wref, that is, realize indifference frequency modulation；Meanwhile because each inverter active power per unit value stable state
When be equal, therefore this method it is also ensured that active power reasonable distribution.
The present invention passes through the sagging control of improvement of consistency algorithm, not only solves the active output of equilibrium to energy storage, and real
The reasonable distribution for having showed distributed generation resource active power, substantially increasing the utilization rate of distributed generation resource and improving energy-storage system makes
With the service life, the frequency stability of micro-capacitance sensor is realized, improve power quality.
Step 2: micro-grid connection Frequency Synchronization control strategy is realized in Two-stage control
Step 2.1, in order to realize Frequency Synchronization, it is necessary to must make micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation be reduced to some specified values (according to
Different electric system are determined).Fig. 3 is micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation block diagram, in terms of penecontemporaneous angle, it is necessary to control micro- electricity
The amplitude, frequency and phase angle of voltage, consistent with main power grid at net points of common connection, otherwise not only results in when grid-connected very big
Impact, can also impact the stability of micro-capacitance sensor distributed power source.
Wherein: Δ f is micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation amount, kp_ΔfAnd ki_ΔfThe respectively control parameter of Two-stage control, fMGIt is point
Actual frequency is exported at cloth power port,Reference frequency at distributed electrical source port.
Frequency departure is calculated by frequency departure block diagram, is close to reach grid-connected snap switch two sides frequency departure
Zero, frequency compensation is carried out to micro-capacitance sensor, offset is then deviation Δ f.
Step 2.2, to realize the control of micro-grid connection Frequency Synchronization, Fig. 4 is the synchronously control figure of micro-grid connection；Micro- electricity
Net can pass through static transfer switch and become owner of power grid；Before this, there cannot be exchanging for any energy between micro-capacitance sensor and main power grid, because
This, it is necessary to frequency departure is eliminated by PI controller.
According to the micro- voltage on line side v exported under abc-dq coordinate transformodqAnd main voltage on line side vgdq, and by vodq、vgdq
Decomposition obtains dq axis component vod、voq、vgd、vgq；(the v when microgrid voltage is consistent with major network voltageoabc=vgabc) when, vgqvod-
vgdvoq=0, achieve the purpose that eliminate voltage deviation in this way.
The synchronizing frequency of micro-capacitance sensor and main power grid can indicate are as follows:
Wherein: fsyFor the synchronizing frequency between micro-capacitance sensor and main power grid, ωcFor corner frequency, s be Laplace transform because
Son, vod、voqRespectively vodqD axis and q axis component, vgd、vgqRespectively vgdqD axis and q axis component, kpsyAnd kisyRespectively
The scale parameter and integral parameter of PI in synchronously control.
In order to make synchronizing frequency fsyCompensation achievees the purpose that adjust frequency departure parameter, in the synchronous simultaneously network process of micro-capacitance sensor
In, frequency departure expression formula:
In summary, during synchronizing grid-connected, frequency retrieval is realized according to primary control first, when the frequency of micro-capacitance sensor
Rate deviation, that is, Δ f be less than some value after, i.e., using formula (13) realize frequency synchronization, realize micro-capacitance sensor from island mode to
Grid-connect mode smoothly switches.
Above embodiments are merely to illustrate design philosophy and feature of the invention, and its object is to make technology in the art
Personnel can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.So it is all according to
It is within the scope of the present invention according to equivalent variations made by disclosed principle, mentality of designing or modification.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency control method based on consistency algorithm, which is characterized in that including
Following specific steps:
Step (1): detect micro-capacitance sensor energy storage charge state SOC and distributed generation resource output active-power P, using one with
P, the relevant sign function of SOC obtains the active sagging coefficient b of dynamic；It is obtained by communication using the inverter for improving sagging control
Output voltage and frequency, calculate adjacent inverter active power per unit value, in conjunction with weight average homogeneity iterative algorithm carry out
The control of active-frequency；
Step (2): micro-capacitance sensor synchronize it is grid-connected during, by Park transformation by micro- voltage on line side vodqAnd main voltage on line side vgdq
Decomposition obtains dq axis component vod、voq、vgd、vgq, utilize PI controller parameter and vod、voq、vgd、vgqRelevant function representation is same
Synchronizing frequency fsy；The synchronized frequency f of micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation Δ fsyCompensation can synchronize when so that Δ f being less than some specified value
It is grid-connected.
2. a kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency controlling party based on consistency algorithm according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that described to obtain the specific mistake of the active sagging coefficient b of dynamic using a sign function relevant to P, SOC
Journey are as follows: by the use to sign function, in the active insufficient situation of output, sagging coefficient b and SOC is inversely proportional, each DG hair
The load that electric unit is undertaken is directly proportional to SOC；In the case that active output is more than needed, situation is insufficient with active output；
Wherein: wiFor the angular frequency of output voltage, wirefFor the frequency of voltage rating, k0For initial sagging coefficient, sgn (x) is symbol
Number function, η is the proportionality coefficient of energy storage system capacity, is defined asCESS,iFor the available appearance of accumulation power supply i
Amount, min [CESS,i] be accumulation power supply i minimum capacity, PiAnd PirefIt is power supply reality output active power respectively and specified defeated
Active power out.
3. a kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency control based on consistency algorithm according to claim 1 or 2
Method processed, which is characterized in that the average homogeneity iterative algorithm of the combination weight carries out the detailed process of the control of active-frequency
Are as follows: over time, the state of all intelligent bodies can finally tend to an identical value in system, so that all parallel connections
The active power per unit value of inverter converges on its mean value:
Wherein: Pi *,The per unit value of the active power of respectively inverter i, j, Wii,WijFor xi,xjWeight in node i.
4. a kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency controlling party based on consistency algorithm according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that described to utilize PI controller parameter and vod、voq、vgd、vgqRelevant function representation synchronizing frequency fsyTool
Body process are as follows: micro-capacitance sensor can pass through static transfer switch and become owner of power grid, eliminate frequency departure, therefore micro- electricity by PI controller
The synchronizing frequency of net and main power grid can indicate are as follows:
Wherein: fsyFor the synchronizing frequency between micro-capacitance sensor and main power grid, ωcFor corner frequency, s is the Laplace transform factor,
kpsyAnd kisyThe scale parameter and integral parameter of PI respectively in synchronously control.
5. a kind of hierarchical control micro-grid connection synchronizing frequency controlling party based on consistency algorithm according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the synchronized frequency f of micro-capacitance sensor frequency deviation Δ fsyCompensation:
Wherein: kp_ΔfAnd ki_ΔfThe respectively control parameter of Two-stage control compensator, fMGIt is to be exported in fact at distributed electrical source port
Border frequency,Reference frequency at distributed electrical source port.
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| CN113285474B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-07-01 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Parameter-optimized alternating-current micro-grid energy storage SOC balanced distributed control method |
| CN113285474A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Parameter-optimized alternating-current micro-grid energy storage SOC balanced distributed control method |
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| CN114629144B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-02 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Energy storage power station black start method and system based on virtual synchronous machine |
| CN115347582A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Micro-grid system based on state prediction consistency algorithm and frequency modulation strategy thereof |
| CN115347582B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-07-02 | 合肥工业大学 | Micro-grid system based on state prediction consistency algorithm and frequency modulation method thereof |
| CN116404671A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-07 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-energy-storage state-of-charge equalization strategy of direct-current micro-grid based on layered cooperative control |
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