CN107508313A - A kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method and device - Google Patents
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107508313A CN107508313A CN201710652004.1A CN201710652004A CN107508313A CN 107508313 A CN107508313 A CN 107508313A CN 201710652004 A CN201710652004 A CN 201710652004A CN 107508313 A CN107508313 A CN 107508313A
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- H02J3/382—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method and device, and methods described includes：Utilize distributed control technology, each source that declines that is distributed in micro-capacitance sensor is set to keep same control mode under different operational modes, only corresponding revise signal is produced by simultaneously off-network controller for different operational modes, and revise signal is sent to the micro- source of leader, follow by the micro- source of leader and respectively micro- source and respective adjacent distributions to decline source interactive information again, realize that distribution in micro-capacitance sensor declines the uniformity output in source.The present invention can realize that the accurate of power under off-network pattern is divided equally and the frequency retrieval of voltage, and export the active and reactive power specified under grid-connect mode according to energy management distribution；It can ensure simultaneously and the unification for the source control that declines is distributed under off-network pattern, grid-connected off-grid smooth conversion can be carried out without reconfigurable controller structure by realizing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro-capacitance sensor to run control technology field, more particularly, to a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network controlling party
Method and device.
Background technology
Effective carrier of the micro-capacitance sensor as generation of electricity by new energy, it can fully integrate and utilize various distributed power sources.It is general next
Say, micro-capacitance sensor includes various forms of micro- sources, energy conversion device, energy storage, protection device and various detection devices, and being can
Realize self operation, the small electrical system of self-protection and self-contr ol, micro-capacitance sensor is incorporated into the power networks and two kinds of off-grid operation
The method of operation.
Under normal circumstances, parallel running between micro-capacitance sensor and bulk power grid, can be to big electricity when microgrid energy abundance
Net provides active power and reactive power, and when microgrid energy deficiency, micro-capacitance sensor can absorb active power and nothing from bulk power grid
Work(power.But when bulk power grid breaks down or the quality of power supply of bulk power grid can not meet the needs of micro-capacitance sensor, in order to protect
The power supply reliability of important load and the stability of whole power network in micro-capacitance sensor are demonstrate,proved, micro-capacitance sensor is needed quickly and accurately from big
Power network is cut out, i.e., switchs to off-grid operation pattern from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks.
When bulk power grid trouble shooting, after system is recovered, need that micro-capacitance sensor is incorporated in bulk power grid again again.This micro-capacitance sensor
Grid-connected and off-network pattern switching, which frequently can lead to its voltage and current, a larger impact, to power network, electrical appliance and electricity
Force conversion system has adverse effect on, it could even be possible to the power-off of important load can be caused.Therefore, grid-connected and two kinds of off-network
Seamless switching between operational mode be micro-capacitance sensor technology can extensively using, improve electrical equipment power supply reliability it is important
Ensure.Due to grid-connected different with control purpose in the case of off-network, in the handoff procedure between different operational modes, distribution declines
Can the control strategy in source most important for seamlessly transit.
The control method basic ideas of most micro-capacitance sensor switching are mainly four classes at present：The first kind is to use current source
With the two-mode field strategy of voltage source switching, use current-mode control when grid-connected, have preferably grid-connected performance, in off-network
Using voltage mode control, for support system voltage and frequency；Second class is the pattern switching strategy based on droop control, grid-connected
Droop control is used with off-network, only needs to change some parameters or value and power reference, control structure in mode handover procedure
It is basically unchanged；3rd class is the control strategy based on virtual synchronous generator, and this method is by the electromagnetism of conventional synchronization generator
Equation and mechanical equation are introduced into the control of inverter, by the voltage source external characteristics of virtual synchronous generator so that the control can
For simultaneously off-network control；4th class be without isolated island detection and off-network Unified Control Strategy, by gather line voltage and
Load current, Unified Control Strategy is realized by controller.
But for the micro-capacitance sensor in the source that declined containing Thief zone distribution, it has, and micro- source quantity is more, micro- source distribution position
Put scattered, the feature such as concentration difficult communication.Need to change the structure of controller, and heavy dependence using above-mentioned first kind method
Isolated island detects, and is also easy to produce voltage x current mutation；It is vulnerable to the influence of power network current fluctuation, control when grid-connected using the second class method
Precision processed is low；Need to change value and power reference using the 3rd class method, cannot be guaranteed that reactive power is divided equally during more parallel connections；4th
Class method is only applicable to that single DG is grid-connected, is not suitable for more distributions and declines the micro-capacitance sensor structures in source.Therefore the above method can not be very
The seamless switching for the micro-capacitance sensor operational mode that the source that declines is distributed containing Thief zone is realized well, for solving to be distributed containing Thief zone
Decline power network and also face the challenge of many problems such as off-network seamless switching and Unified Control Strategy.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above mentioned problem or solve the above problems at least in part, the present invention provides a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network
Control method and device, to reach for the micro-capacitance sensor containing Thief zone distributed power source, without changing controller architecture
Realize the purpose taken over seamlessly of operation of power networks pattern.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method, and it is in parallel that the micro-capacitance sensor includes at least three
The distribution of connection declines source, and methods described includes：S1, the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor is obtained, and be based on the operational mode
Control revise signal corresponding to obtaining；S2, based on the control revise signal, using distributed control mode, described point of regulation
Cloth declines the output in source, and based on the state of the micro-grid connection point, adjusts the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor.
Wherein, it is described to be distributed the source that declines including the micro- source of leader and follow micro- source, it is described to be based on the control revise signal, adopt
With distributed control mode, each distribution of regulation decline source output the step of further comprise：By the control amendment letter
Number send to the micro- source of the leader, and control the micro- source of the leader and described follow micro- source to be declined respectively with each neighbouring distribution
Source carries out distributed communication, each consistent output for being distributed the source that declines of regulation.
Wherein, the operational mode comprises at least pattern, the off-grid operation pattern or from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks of being incorporated into the power networks；Phase
Answer, described the step of obtaining corresponding control revise signal based on the operational mode further comprises：Based on described grid-connected
Operational mode, obtain power correction signal；Or based on the off-grid operation pattern, obtain electric voltage frequency revise signal；Or
Person, based on described from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, obtain active synchronization revise signal.
Wherein, described the step of being based on the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks, obtaining power correction signal, further comprises：Based on big
Power network needs active power and needs reactive power, and the micro-capacitance sensor is actually implanted into active power and is actually implanted into nothing
Work(power, the set-point for the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks described in tracking, obtains the power correction signal.
Wherein, described the step of being based on the off-grid operation pattern, obtaining electric voltage frequency revise signal, further comprises：Base
In the busbar voltage angular frequency and busbar voltage width of the voltage angular frequency and amplitude rated value of bulk power grid, and the micro-capacitance sensor
Value, tracks the set-point of the off-grid operation pattern, obtains the electric voltage frequency revise signal.
Wherein, it is described based on described from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, the step of obtaining active synchronization revise signal, further comprises：
Calculate the vector product of bulk power grid instantaneous voltage and the grid entry point instantaneous voltage of the micro-capacitance sensor, and bulk power grid voltage magnitude
Voltage magnitude error between the grid entry point voltage magnitude of the micro-capacitance sensor；Missed based on the vector product, the voltage magnitude
The poor and set-point from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, the active synchronization revise signal is obtained by PI controllers.
Wherein, the micro- source of leader is chosen by following steps：Based on each generating capacity for being distributed the source that declines with
Hang down coefficient, and each distribution declines the distance between source and the grid entry point, chooses the distribution that satisfaction imposes a condition
Source decline as the micro- source of leader.
Wherein, it is described to use distributed control mode, each distribution of regulation decline source output the step of further wrap
Include：Control the micro- source of the leader so that the micro- source of leader based on the control revise signal adjust the output frequency of itself and
Grid entry point voltage；Based on consistency protocol, control to adjust reactive power and divide equally, and the output frequency for following micro- source.
Wherein, the state based on the micro-grid connection point, enter the step of the operational mode for adjusting the micro-capacitance sensor
One step includes：Start active synchronization algorithm under off-grid operation pattern, if judging to know that the voltage of the grid entry point meets to preset simultaneously
Network mark is accurate, controls the micro-capacitance sensor to be switched to the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks；Or the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks judges the electricity of grid entry point
Fluctuation situation is pressed, if not reaching default Grid-connection standards, controls the micro-capacitance sensor to be switched to the off-grid operation pattern.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control device, including：At least one memory, at least
One processor, communication interface and bus；The memory, the processor and the communication interface are completed by the bus
Mutual communication, the letter that the communication interface is used between the control device and data acquisition and memory device communication interface
Breath transmission；The computer program that can be run on the processor is stored with the memory, described in the computing device
Micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method as discussed is realized during program.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided by the invention and off-network control method and device, pass through the source that declined to each distribution in micro-capacitance sensor
Distribution be uniformly controlled, can realize that the accurate of power under off-network pattern is divided equally and the frequency retrieval of voltage, and grid-connected mould
The active and reactive power specified under formula according to energy management distribution output；It can ensure simultaneously and distribution declines under off-network pattern
The unification of source control, grid-connected off-grid smooth conversion can be carried out without reconfigurable controller structure by realizing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of microgrid topology structure schematic diagram for distributed communication that the embodiment of the present invention uses；
Fig. 2 is a kind of micro-capacitance sensor of the embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method flow chart；
Fig. 3 is a kind of power correction control block diagram in the micro- source of inverter type of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of process chart for obtaining active synchronization revise signal of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of active synchronization Correction and Control block diagram in micro- source of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6, which is that the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of, adjusts the process chart for being distributed the source output that declines；
Fig. 7 is the sagging output of frequency and voltage droop control before and after the distributed simultaneously off-network control input of the embodiment of the present invention
Characteristic waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the overall controller chassis of micro-capacitance sensor of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system and off-network unified control method
Figure；
Fig. 9 is another kind of embodiment of the present invention micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method flow chart；
Figure 10 is the micro-grid connection standard schematic diagram that the micro- source capacity of the embodiment of the present invention is 0-500kVA；
Figure 11 is the structured flowchart of a kind of micro-capacitance sensor of the embodiment of the present invention and off-network control device；
Figure 12 is a kind of micro-capacitance sensor simulation model schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is a kind of information interaction schematic diagram for being distributed the source that declines of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is grid-connected power control simulation waveform diagram of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system；
Figure 15 is that off-network electric voltage frequency of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system controls simulation waveform schematic diagram；
Figure 16 is that active synchronization of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system controls simulation waveform schematic diagram.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is one of the present invention
Divide embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
The every other embodiment obtained on the premise of creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As the one side of the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment provides a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method.With reference to
Fig. 1, a kind of microgrid topology structure schematic diagram of the distributed communication used for the embodiment of the present invention, including：At least three points
Cloth declines source, at least one bus, load, transmission line and off-network switch, controller and communication network.Each distribution
Micro- source is connected in parallel, and is connected to the bus by feeding connection, is connected between each bus by the transmission line.Institute
The handling process of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method is stated with reference to figure 2, is a kind of micro-capacitance sensor of the embodiment of the present invention and off-network controlling party
Method flow chart, including：
S1, the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor is obtained, and corresponding control revise signal is obtained based on the operational mode.
It is to be understood that for the running status of different micro-capacitance sensors, control requires different, in order to not change controller
Structure, it is necessary to according to the operational mode of micro-capacitance sensor, to should operational mode control requirement, output control Regulate signal is to each point
The cloth source of declining is controlled.Therefore in step S1, the operational mode of micro-capacitance sensor is obtained first, i.e., between micro-capacitance sensor and bulk power grid
Connection and operation relation, the pattern that is such as incorporated into the power networks and off-grid operation pattern.Then controlled and required according to corresponding to the operational mode,
Corresponding control revise signal is exported by controller, control is each to be distributed the source that declines.
S2, based on the control revise signal, using distributed control mode, the output for being distributed the source that declines is adjusted,
And based on the state of the micro-grid connection point, adjust the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor.
It is to be understood that after above-mentioned steps acquisition micro-capacitance sensor corresponds to the control revise signal of present mode of operation, control
The control revise signal is sent to corresponding by distributed control mode and is distributed the source that declines, and declined by corresponding distribution by device processed
Source is exported accordingly based on the control revise signal.Meanwhile according to the present mode of operation of micro-capacitance sensor and the shape of grid entry point
State parameter, the operational mode of control switching micro-capacitance sensor.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, by based on to micro-capacitance sensor operational mode
Judge, the source that declined according to operational mode to each distribution in micro-capacitance sensor carries out distribution and is uniformly controlled, and can ensure simultaneously off-network pattern
The lower unification for being distributed the source control that declines, grid-connected off-grid smooth conversion can be carried out without reconfigurable controller structure by realizing.
It is wherein optional, it is described to be distributed the source that declines including the micro- source of leader and follow micro- source, it is described to be corrected based on the control
Signal, using distributed control mode, each distribution of regulation decline source output the step of further comprise：By the control
Revise signal is sent to the micro- source of the leader, and control the micro- source of the leader and it is described follow micro- source respectively with each neighbouring point
The cloth source that declines carries out distributed communication, and each distribution of regulation declines the consistent output in source.
In one embodiment, the micro- source of leader is chosen by following steps：Based on each hair for being distributed the source that declines
Electric energy power and sagging coefficient, and each distribution decline the distance between source and the grid entry point, and selection satisfaction imposes a condition
The distribution decline source as the micro- source of leader.
It is to be understood that declined source for the distribution in Fig. 1, comprehensive each distribution declines the generating capacity in source, sagging system
Number and each leaders for being distributed the distance between the source and grid entry point of declining, choosing as " leader " in declining source from all distributions
Micro- source and micro- source that follows as " follower ", choose and lead the principle in micro- source to include：All be distributed in the source that declines is chosen to generate electricity
Ability is stronger, sagging coefficient is smaller and the distribution closer to the distance with grid entry point declines source is as the micro- source of leader.Generating capacity is strong then
Sagging coefficient is small, therefore only needs COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING to be respectively distributed the generating capacity in the source of declining and the distance with grid entry point.Such as calculate every
Individual distribution declines source generating capacity numerical value and the ratio with the distance values of grid entry point, chooses the big distribution of ratio and declines source conduct
The micro- source of leader.
On the basis of it have chosen the micro- source of leader, it is micro- that the caused simultaneously off-network adjustment control signal of controller is only transferred to leader
Source, lead micro- source with its close position distribution decline source share information, follow distribution of micro- source also with its close position
Decline source progress distributed communication, finally make it that the distribution source of declining has consistent sexual behaviour in micro-capacitance sensor, i.e., described distribution declines
Voltage, frequency and the micro- source of leader in source are reached unanimity.Micro- source is led by controller control, is respectively distributed so as to adjust in micro-capacitance sensor
Decline the output characteristics in source, realize distribution decline source and off-network adjustment control.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, by using distributed collaboration control strategy
Solve to be uniformly controlled problem in the switching of micro-capacitance sensor operational mode, using sparse communication, realization only leads micro- source to obtain control
The control revise signal that device is sent, each distribution source that declines need to only obtain adjacent distributions and decline source information, and system reliability is high, leads to
Believe that circuit is short, being capable of investment reduction and operating cost.
Wherein optional, the operational mode comprises at least the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks, off-grid operation pattern or from being incorporated into the power networks
Pattern；Accordingly, described the step of obtaining corresponding control revise signal based on the operational mode, further comprises：Based on institute
The pattern of being incorporated into the power networks is stated, obtains power correction signal；Or based on the off-grid operation pattern, obtain electric voltage frequency amendment letter
Number；Or obtain active synchronization revise signal from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks based on described.
It is to be understood that for the different operational modes of micro-capacitance sensor, there is different demands for control, according to different control
Demand, obtain different control revise signals.Generally, it is connected in parallel between micro-capacitance sensor and bulk power grid, in grid-connected fortune
Row mode；In special circumstances such as bulk power grid failures, micro-capacitance sensor disconnects with bulk power grid, and micro-capacitance sensor is in off-grid operation
Pattern；After bulk power grid recovers normal, micro-capacitance sensor is needed be incorporated to bulk power grid again as needed, and micro-capacitance sensor is in from being incorporated into the power networks
Pattern.
Accordingly, according to above-mentioned three kinds of different operational modes, according to the demand for control of each operational mode, controller output
Different control revise signals.Specifically, under the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, controller is repaiied according to the demand of being incorporated into the power networks, power output
Positive signal；Under off-grid operation pattern, controller is according to off-grid operation demand, output voltage frequency revise signal；From grid-connected
Under operational mode, controller exports active synchronization revise signal according to from the demand of being incorporated into the power networks.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, pass through the area to micro-capacitance sensor operational mode
Point, corresponding different operational modes, export corresponding control revise signal, can adaptive different operational modes, carry out distribution
It is uniformly controlled, precise control is reliable.
Wherein optionally, described the step of being based on the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks, obtaining power correction signal, further comprises：
Based on bulk power grid need active power and need reactive power, and the micro-capacitance sensor is actually implanted into active power and reality
Reactive power is injected, the set-point for the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks described in tracking, obtains the power correction signal.
It is to be understood that generally, the operational mode between micro-capacitance sensor and bulk power grid is the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks.At this
Under operational mode, if micro-capacitance sensor has unnecessary energy to flow to bulk power grid.In order to realize that grid entry point power is controllable, controller can basis
Bulk power grid needs active power and needs reactive power, while the actual power of micro-capacitance sensor injection is gathered at grid entry point, or
By gathering the voltage of grid entry point and flowing into the electric current of bulk power grid, the actual active power and reality of micro-capacitance sensor injection bulk power grid are calculated
Border reactive power, then set-point under operational mode is tracked based on this, draw power correction signal.Power now
Revise signal is represented by：
Wherein, Δ ω*With Δ V*Frequency of amendment and amendment voltage, P are represented respectively*And Q*Represent that output bulk power grid has respectively
Work(power reference and reactive power reference, PgAnd QgRepresent that micro-capacitance sensor flows to the actual active power of bulk power grid and actual nothing respectively
Work(power, kpsAnd kisRepresent active power controller proportion integral modulus, kpvsAnd kivsRepresent Reactive Power Control proportional integration system
Number.
During stable state, the input of PI controllers is 0, now Pg=P*, Qg=Q*, active power and reactive power press set-point
Output.The control in source of being declined under the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks to distribution refers to figure 3, for a kind of micro- source of inverter type of the embodiment of the present invention
Power correction control block diagram, as seen from Figure 3, wherein including power control loop, voltage x current control ring.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, by obtaining micro-capacitance sensor real output
Power is needed with bulk power grid, power output revise signal is controlled by controller, realizes the distributed AC servo system to micro-capacitance sensor, and
Each unification for being distributed the source control strategy that declines.
It is wherein optional, it is described be based on the off-grid operation pattern, it is further the step of acquisition electric voltage frequency revise signal
Including：Voltage angular frequency and amplitude rated value based on bulk power grid, and the busbar voltage angular frequency and bus of the micro-capacitance sensor
Voltage magnitude, the set-point of the off-grid operation pattern is tracked, obtain the electric voltage frequency revise signal.
It is to be understood that when bulk power grid breaks down or voltage power quality can not meet burden requirement, micro-capacitance sensor
Should be quick, disconnected exactly with bulk power grid, run on off-grid operation pattern.Now the control targe of micro-capacitance sensor should be to be
System provides electric voltage frequency support and reasonably load-sharing.And in general droop control can cause the skew of electric voltage frequency, it is
Ensure the quality of power supply of busbar voltage, and carry out power-sharing control, controller produces electric voltage frequency revise signal, voltage
Frequency revise signal is represented by：
Wherein, Δ ω*With Δ V*Frequency of amendment and amendment voltage, ω are represented respectivelynAnd VnThe voltage of bulk power grid is represented respectively
Angular frequency and voltage magnitude rated value, numerical value are the voltage that 314rads and 311V, ω and V represent micro-grid system bus respectively
Angular frequency and voltage magnitude, kpsAnd kisRepresent that micro-capacitance sensor frequency recovers control proportion integral modulus, k respectivelypvsAnd kivsRepresent micro-
Line voltage recovers control proportion integral modulus.
During stable state, the input of PI controllers is 0, ω=ωn, V=Vn, kQjQj=kQiQ, voltage, frequency retrieval to rated value,
Power is divided equally in proportion simultaneously.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, electric voltage frequency and voltage based on bulk power grid
Amplitude, and the electric voltage frequency and voltage magnitude of micro-capacitance sensor bus, are realized under micro-capacitance sensor off-grid operation pattern, to the system of micro-capacitance sensor
One control, realizes the recovery of frequency and voltage, and is able to maintain that dividing equally for power.
It is wherein optional, it is described based on described from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, obtain the further place of active synchronization revise signal
Manage step refer to figure 4, be the embodiment of the present invention it is a kind of acquisition active synchronization revise signal process chart, including：S11, meter
Calculate the vector product of the grid entry point instantaneous voltage of bulk power grid instantaneous voltage and the micro-capacitance sensor, and bulk power grid voltage magnitude with
Voltage magnitude error between the grid entry point voltage magnitude of the micro-capacitance sensor；S12, based on the vector product, the voltage magnitude
Error and the set-point from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, the active synchronization revise signal is obtained by PI controllers.
It is to be understood that under off-grid operation pattern, after bulk power grid voltage recovers normal, in order that micro-grid connection
Point voltage can reach consistent with the amplitude, frequency and phase of bulk power grid voltage, and controller produces active synchronization revise signal.By
In voltage vector product can simultaneously reflecting voltage frequency and phase angular displacement, thus in step S11, based on bulk power grid voltage and simultaneously
The instantaneous value of site voltage, the instantaneous value vector product of bulk power grid voltage and grid entry point voltage is calculated, while calculate both voltage amplitudes
Error between value, i.e.,：
Voltage vector vector product is calculated as follows：
eθ=-vgαvcβ+vgβvcα；
Voltage magnitude error is calculated as follows：
Wherein, eθAnd eURepresent that the voltage vector vector product and voltage magnitude of bulk power grid voltage and grid entry point voltage are missed respectively
Difference, vgαAnd vcαBulk power grid voltage and grid entry point voltage α axis components, v are represented respectivelygβAnd vcβBulk power grid voltage and simultaneously is represented respectively
Site voltage beta -axis component.
For step S12, it can be understood as, obtain bulk power grid voltage and grid entry point voltage by calculating in above-mentioned steps
After voltage vector vector product and voltage magnitude error, based on the voltage vector vector product and voltage magnitude error, by same
Individual PI demodulators adjust active synchronization revise signal, that is, adjust voltage, frequency and the phase angle of grid entry point.
With reference to figure 5, for a kind of active synchronization Correction and Control block diagram in micro- source of the embodiment of the present invention.E is based in Fig. 5θAnd eU,
PI controllers are respectively adopted and produce synchronization correction signalWith
Wherein,WithActive synchronization frequency revise signal and active synchronization voltage revise signal, k are represented respectivelyps
And kisThe frequency plot proportionality coefficient and integral coefficient of PI controllers, k are represented respectivelypvsAnd kivsThe respectively amplitude of PI controllers
Proportionality coefficient and integral coefficient, vgαAnd vcαBulk power grid voltage and grid entry point voltage α axis components, v are represented respectivelygβAnd vcβTable respectively
Show bulk power grid voltage and grid entry point voltage beta -axis component, s represents Laplace operator.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, by bulk power grid voltage and micro-capacitance sensor electricity
Pressure seeks vector product calculation, exports synchronization correction signal, based on the revise signal, realizes the distributed AC servo system to micro-capacitance sensor, can
Ensure micro-capacitance sensor taking over seamlessly between different mode.
It is wherein optional, it is described to use distributed control mode, adjust the further of each output for being distributed the source that declines
Processing step adjusts distribution and declined the process chart of source output with reference to figure 6 for the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of, including：S21, control
The micro- source of leader is made, so that the micro- source of leader adjusts the output frequency and grid entry point of itself based on the control revise signal
Voltage；S22, based on consistency protocol, control to adjust reactive power and divide equally, and the output frequency for following micro- source.Can be with
It is interpreted as, distributed collaboration control problem is generally divided into two classes：Convergent control problem without leader, i.e. consistency problem, and
Distributed tracking problem with leader.In micro-capacitance sensor under off-grid operation pattern, there is identical in all sources that decline that are distributed
Steady-state value, belong to convergent control problem；And in off-network unified control method, control revise signal is produced to leader by controller
Micro- source, other distribution sources of declining follow the micro- source of leader, belong to distributed tracking problem.
Micro-capacitance sensor communication topology is typically described using topology diagram, and a distribution source of declining is considered as into a node,
The information commutative relation between node is represented with figure G (ν, ε, A).G (ν, ε, A) by nonempty finite node set ν=1,
2 ..., n, side collectionAnd adjacency matrix A=[aij] ∈ R × R expressions.Node defined in the embodiment of the present invention (i,
J) ∈ ν represent node i from node j receive informations, for any (i, j) ∈ ν, aij>=0, and if (i, j) ∈ ν, then have (j, i)
∈ ν, now aij=aji。
And in off-network unified control method, adjustment electric voltage frequency phase is controlled using distributed collaboration, its governing equation is：
Wherein, wkRepresent the angular frequency in k-th of micro- source, w*Represent the reference angular frequency of setting, mkRepresent k-th micro- source
Frequency droop coefficient, PkRepresent the active power of k-th of micro- source reality output, DwjAnd DwkThe frequency in k-th of micro- source is represented respectively
Control variable and with k-th of micro- source adjacent to the frequency control variables in micro- source, kwRepresent postiive gain coefficient, akjRepresent communication system
Number, be 1 only when j-th of micro- source is neighbouring micro- source in k-th micro- source, be otherwise 1 only for the micro- source of leader for 0, b, otherwise for
0,Represent synchronization correction signal.
All Dw derivative is 0 during stable state, all distributions decline source Dw it is equal, that is, ensure that all distributions decline source
With same frequency shift (FS).
And in off-network unified control method, adjustment voltage magnitude is controlled using distributed collaboration, its governing equation is：
Wherein, ViRepresent the voltage magnitude in i-th of micro- source, V*Represent the reference voltage amplitude of setting, niRepresent i-th it is micro-
The sagging coefficient of voltage in source, QiAnd QjThe reactive power of i-th micro- source reality output and neighbouring with i-th of micro- source is represented respectively
Micro- source j output reactive power, DViControl variable is represented,Represent synchronization correction signal, βiRepresent to lead micro- source amplitude to repair
The yield value of positive signal, it is more than 1 only for the micro- source of leader, is otherwise 0, bijRepresent that distribution declines source i and distribution declines between the j of source
Reactive power regulation weight, bij>0 expression distribution decline source i from distribution decline source j receive reactive power information, kQjAnd kQiPoint
The source j that declines Biao Shi be distributed and divide equally control coefrficient, k with the reactive power for being distributed the source i that declinesvRepresent postiive gain coefficient.
For the micro- source of leader, bk>0 and bkj=0, leader is responsible in micro- source adjusting grid entry point voltage.For following micro- source, bi=
0 and bij=1, other are distributed the source control reactive power that declines and divided equally, and adjust output voltage indirectly.
It is that the embodiment of the present invention is distributed and off-network is controlled before and after putting under frequency and voltage droop control with reference to figure 7
Output characteristics of hanging down waveform diagram, wherein Fig. 7 (a) are P- ω droop controls before and after the embodiment of the present invention and off-network control input
Sagging output characteristics waveform diagram.From Fig. 7 (a), the control of distributed and off-network is distributed the source curve lifting that declines by all
Identical value, until micro-capacitance sensor output voltage angular frequency is consistent with bulk power grid.
Fig. 7 (b) is the embodiment of the present invention and off-network controls the sagging output characteristics waveform of Q-V droop controls before and after putting into show
It is intended to, from Fig. 7 (b), can not ensures that reactive power is divided equally only with traditional droop control, after startup distributed AC servo system not only
Voltage recovery can be carried out so that micro-grid connection busbar voltage is synchronous with bulk power grid, while ensures that reactive power is divided in proportion
Match somebody with somebody.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, controlled by using distributed and off-network,
Reactive power proportional assignment is not only reached, and ensures grid entry point voltage magnitude and bulk power grid voltage synchronous.
According to above-described embodiment, the state based on the micro-grid connection point, the operation mould of the micro-capacitance sensor is adjusted
The step of formula, further comprises：Start active synchronization algorithm under off-grid operation pattern, if judging to know the voltage of the grid entry point
Meet default Grid-connection standards, control the micro-capacitance sensor to be switched to the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks；Or the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks judges
The voltage pulsation situation of grid entry point, if not reaching default Grid-connection standards, the micro-capacitance sensor is controlled to be switched to the off-grid operation mould
Formula.
It is micro- electricity of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system with reference to figure 8 it is to be understood that being based on above-described embodiment
Net the overall control block diagram of simultaneously off-network unified control method.Mainly include Physical Links Layer, Internet and key-course.Reference chart
9, it is another kind of embodiment of the present invention micro-capacitance sensor simultaneously off-network control method flow chart, wherein：
When systems are functioning properly, micro-grid connection is run, and now controller produces grid-connected Power Control revise signal, will
Control revise signal passes to the micro- source of leader, and by the consistency protocol of foundation, each distribution declines to be formed between source and leads-follow
Relation, finally make it that grid entry point is input to the active power of bulk power grid and reactive power is controlled.
When bulk power grid breaks down or the bulk power grid quality of power supply is unsatisfactory for burden requirement, micro-capacitance sensor runs on off-network
Pattern, controller produces electric voltage frequency revise signal under the pattern, by the way that control revise signal is passed into the micro- source of leader, passes through
The consistency protocol of foundation, each distribution, which declines to be formed between source, leads-follows relation, finally so that voltage, frequency are restored,
And reactive power is divided equally.
After bulk power grid voltage recovers, controller detection bulk power grid voltage vgWith grid entry point voltage vc, i.e., grid-connected switch ends
Voltage, active synchronization revise signal is produced by synchronized algorithmWithThese signals are transferred only to lead micro- source, lead to
Cross the consistency protocol established, each distribution decline formed between source lead-follow relation, adjusted by changing itself output voltage
Grid entry point voltage is saved, finally causes vc=vg。
When grid entry point voltage meets micro-grid connection standard, isochronous controller sends order, grid-connected switch is closed automatically
Close, micro-capacitance sensor by off-grid operation pattern switching to the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, due to the micro- source fast response time of inverter type, low inertia and
Overload capacity is poor, in order to avoid big rush of current, reaches smooth grid-connected, micro-capacitance sensor needs stricter Grid-connection standards.
The Grid-connection standards that the present embodiment uses are micro- electricity that the micro- source capacity of the embodiment of the present invention is 0-500kVA with reference to figure 10
Net Grid-connection standards schematic diagram.Figure 10 Plays are made strictly to the difference on the frequency, voltage amplitude value difference and phase angle difference of grid-connected switch ends
Limitation.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method, in different operational modes and different fortune
In the handoff procedure of row mode, the structure of controller does not change, and believes only by control amendment caused by controller is changed
Number come realize micro-capacitance sensor and taking over seamlessly under off-network Unified Control Strategy.
As the other side of the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment provides a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control device, ginseng
Figure 11 is examined, is the structured flowchart of a kind of micro-capacitance sensor of the embodiment of the present invention and off-network control device, including：At least one memory 1,
At least one processor 2, communication interface 3 and bus 4.
Wherein, memory 1, processor 2 and communication interface 3 complete mutual communication by bus 4, and communication interface 3 is used
Information transfer between the control device and data acquisition and memory device communication interface；Being stored with memory 1 can be
The computer program run on processor 2, processor 2 realize micro-capacitance sensor as described in above-mentioned embodiment simultaneously when performing described program
Off-network control method.
It is to be understood that memory 1, processor 2 are comprised at least in described micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control device, communicating connects
Mouth 3 and bus 4, and memory 1, processor 2 and communication interface 3 form mutual communication connection by bus 4, and can be complete
Into mutual communication.
Communication interface 3 realizes the communication connection between control device and data acquisition and memory device communication interface, and can
Mutual information transfer is completed, the acquisition to bulk power grid status data is such as realized by communication interface 3.
When control device is run, processor 2 calls the programmed instruction in memory 1, real to perform above-mentioned each control method
Apply the control method handling process that example is provided, such as including：The operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor is obtained, and is based on the operation
Control revise signal corresponding to pattern acquiring；Based on the control revise signal, using distributed control mode, described point of regulation
Cloth declines the output in source, and based on the state of the micro-grid connection point, adjusts the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor.And control
The micro- source of leader, so that the micro- source of leader adjusts the output frequency and grid entry point electricity of itself based on the control revise signal
Pressure etc..
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium storing program for executing, the non-transient calculating
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing stores computer instruction, and the computer instruction makes the computer perform as described in above-mentioned embodiment
Micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method.
It is to be understood that realize that all or part of step of above-mentioned control method embodiment can be related by programmed instruction
Hardware complete, foregoing program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, and the program upon execution, performs
The step of including above method embodiment；And foregoing storage medium includes：ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD etc. are various can be with
The medium of store program codes.
The embodiment of micro-capacitance sensor described above and off-network control device is only schematical, wherein as separation unit
The unit that part illustrates can be or may not be physically separate, can both be located at a place, or can also divide
Cloth is on heterogeneous networks unit.The present embodiment side can be realized according to selection some or all of module therein is actually needed
The purpose of case.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not in the case where paying performing creative labour, you can to understand and implement.
By the description of embodiment of above, those skilled in the art is it will be clearly understood that each embodiment can borrow
Software is helped to add the mode of required general hardware platform to realize, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.It is above-mentioned based on such understanding
The part that technical scheme substantially contributes to prior art in other words can be embodied in the form of software product, the meter
Calculation machine software product can store in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROMRAM, magnetic disc, CD, including some instructions,
To cause a computer equipment (such as personal computer, server, or network equipment etc.) to perform above-mentioned each control method
Method described in some parts of embodiment or control method embodiment.
A kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control device and a kind of non-transient computer readable storage
Medium, it is uniformly controlled by the distribution in the source that declined to each distribution in micro-capacitance sensor, the accurate of power under off-network pattern can be realized
Respectively with the frequency retrieval of voltage, and according to the active and reactive power specified of energy management distribution output under grid-connect mode；
It can ensure simultaneously and the unification for the source control that declines is distributed under off-network pattern, realizing can be carried out simultaneously without reconfigurable controller structure
Net off-grid smooth conversion.
The embodiment of the present invention has carried out emulation experiment according to the control method and control device of above-described embodiment, specific emulation
Process and simulated effect are as follows：
It is a kind of micro-capacitance sensor simulation model schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention with reference to figure 12, including 4 capacity identicals distributions
Decline source, local load and common load, line impedance, grid-connected switch.Being distributed the source that declines includes the micro- source of leader, receives synchronous control
Signal processed, all distributions decline, and source is adjacent to be distributed the source interactive information that declines.Represented in the form of communication matrix in micro-capacitance sensor
Each correspondence being distributed between the source that declines, communication matrix A=[aij] and B=[bij] be expressed as：
With reference to figure 13, the information interaction schematic diagram in the source that declined for a kind of distribution of the embodiment of the present invention, 1 to 4 is four in figure
Individual distribution declines source, and each distribution declines and can be in communication with each other between source.
In order to verify the control effect of the control device under off-grid operation pattern, bulk power grid is specified to need in t=0s
Work(power P*For 5kW, bulk power grid needs reactive power Q*For 2kVar；Changing bulk power grid in t=0.5s needs power, i.e. P*With
Q*10kW and 3kVar are changed to respectively.The decline local active load and reactive load in source of each distribution is 1kW and 1kVar respectively,
Common load is 4kW and 3kVar.Simulation result is grid-connected power of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system with reference to figure 14
Control simulation waveform schematic diagram.
Figure 14 (a) and Figure 14 (b) is respectively active power and the reactive power emulation that the embodiment of the present invention flows to bulk power grid
Waveform diagram.As seen from Figure 14, t=0~0.5s periods, the active-power P g=5kW of bulk power grid, reactive power Q g are output to
=2kVar；T=0.5s~1s periods, it is output to the active-power P g=10kW of bulk power grid, reactive power Q g=3kVar.It can be seen that
The active power and reactive power of micro-capacitance sensor can rapidly and accurately track the demand of bulk power grid.Therefore, the control proposed
Method improves power control accuracy, it is achieved thereby that under grid-connect mode grid entry point power effective control.
In order to verify that power-sharing and electric voltage frequency of the control method of the embodiment of the present invention under off-grid operation pattern are extensive
Multiple validity, the comparative analysis with traditional droop control strategy is provided in simulation process.It is each to be distributed the source that declines in t=0s
Using traditional droop control；In t=1s, start distributed AC servo system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Simulation result with reference to figure 15,
Being the embodiment of the present invention, the off-network electric voltage frequency based on distributed AC servo system controls simulation waveform schematic diagram.
Figure 15 (a) and Figure 15 (b) is respectively frequency and the emulation of grid entry point voltage magnitude of micro-capacitance sensor of the embodiment of the present invention
Waveform diagram.From Figure 15 (a) and Figure 15 (b), during using traditional droop control strategy, micro-capacitance sensor frequency and voltage difference
For 50.2Hz and 322V, offrating；During the distributed control method proposed using the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of micro-capacitance sensor
Rated value 50Hz and 311V are returned to voltage magnitude.
Figure 15 (c) and Figure 15 (d) is respectively the active power and reactive power that the embodiment of the present invention is distributed the source output that declines
Simulation waveform.From Figure 15 (c) and Figure 15 (d), traditional droop control strategy can not ensure dividing equally for reactive power, in t=
Each active power for being distributed the source output that declines and reactive power are equal after 1s.As can be seen here, provided in an embodiment of the present invention point
Cloth control method can not only carry out micro-capacitance sensor voltage and frequency retrieval, and can improve the power-sharing essence of micro-grid system
Degree.
For by off-grid operation pattern switching to the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, during t=0s, micro-capacitance sensor disconnects with bulk power grid, is in
Off-grid operation pattern.Now controller produces electric voltage frequency recovery revise signal.During t=1s, start active synchronization control, control
Device produces active synchronization revise signal.When grid entry point voltage and bulk power grid electric voltage frequency is poor, phase angle difference and voltage amplitude value difference reach
During micro-grid connection standard, grid-connected switch closure, switching of the micro-capacitance sensor by off-grid operation pattern to the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks is realized.It is imitative
True waveform is that active synchronization of the embodiment of the present invention based on distributed AC servo system controls simulation waveform schematic diagram with reference to figure 16.
As seen from Figure 16, after starting active synchronization control, grid entry point and bulk power grid instantaneous voltage difference Dv are gradually reduced.When simultaneously
When site electric voltage frequency, phase angle and voltage magnitude meet micro-grid connection standard as shown in Figure 9, control closes grid-connected switch.
From Figure 16 (d)-(h), grid-connected current impact is smaller, has reached and has taken over seamlessly；From Figure 16 (a)-(c), the present invention
The Synchronization Control that embodiment provides can not only recover the grid entry point voltage and frequency of micro-capacitance sensor, and can ensure reactive power
Respectively.
In summary, a kind of micro-capacitance sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and off-network control method and control device, by right
The decline distribution in source of each distribution is uniformly controlled in micro-capacitance sensor, can realize that the accurate of power under off-network pattern is divided equally and voltage
The active and reactive power specified under frequency retrieval, and grid-connect mode according to energy management distribution output；It can ensure simultaneously
And under off-grid operation pattern distribution decline source control unification, realize can be carried out without reconfigurable controller structure it is grid-connected off-grid
Smooth conversion.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should be understood：It still can be right
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；And this
A little modifications are replaced, and the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and model of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme
Enclose.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control method, it is characterised in that the micro-capacitance sensor includes at least three points being connected in parallel
Cloth declines source, and methods described includes：
S1, the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor is obtained, and corresponding control revise signal is obtained based on the operational mode；
S2, based on the control revise signal, using distributed control mode, adjust the output for being distributed the source that declines, and base
In the state of the micro-grid connection point, the operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor is adjusted.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be distributed the source that declines including the micro- source of leader and follow micro-
Source, it is described to be based on the control revise signal, using distributed control mode, the step of each output for being distributed the source that declines of regulation
Suddenly further comprise：
The control revise signal is sent to the micro- source of the leader, and controls the micro- source of the leader and described follows micro- source to distinguish
Distributed communication is carried out with each neighbouring distribution source that declines, and each distribution of regulation declines the consistent output in source.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the operational mode comprise at least be incorporated into the power networks pattern, from
Network operation pattern or from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks；
Accordingly, described the step of obtaining corresponding control revise signal based on the operational mode, further comprises：
Based on the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks, power correction signal is obtained；
Or based on the off-grid operation pattern, obtain electric voltage frequency revise signal；
Or obtain active synchronization revise signal from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks based on described.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that it is described based on the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks, obtain power and repair
The step of positive signal, further comprises：
Need active power based on bulk power grid and need reactive power, and the micro-capacitance sensor be actually implanted into active power and
Reactive power is actually implanted into, the set-point for the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks described in tracking, obtains the power correction signal.
5. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that it is described to be based on the off-grid operation pattern, obtain voltage frequency
The step of rate revise signal, further comprises：
Voltage angular frequency and amplitude rated value based on bulk power grid, and busbar voltage angular frequency and the bus electricity of the micro-capacitance sensor
Pressure amplitude value, the set-point of the off-grid operation pattern is tracked, obtain the electric voltage frequency revise signal.
6. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that it is described based on described from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, obtain actively
The step of synchronization correction signal, further comprises：
Calculate the vector product of bulk power grid instantaneous voltage and the grid entry point instantaneous voltage of the micro-capacitance sensor, and bulk power grid voltage
Voltage magnitude error between amplitude and the grid entry point voltage magnitude of the micro-capacitance sensor；
Based on the vector product, the voltage magnitude error and the set-point from the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks, pass through PI controllers
Obtain the active synchronization revise signal.
7. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that chosen by following steps in the micro- source of leader：
Based on each distribution decline source generating capacity and sagging coefficient, and each distribution declines source and the grid entry point
The distance between, choose the distribution for meeting to impose a condition and decline source as the micro- source of leader.
8. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that it is described to use distributed control mode, adjust each described point
Cloth decline source output the step of further comprise：
Control the micro- source of the leader so that the micro- source of leader based on the control revise signal adjust the output frequency of itself and
Grid entry point voltage；
Based on consistency protocol, control to adjust reactive power and divide equally, and the output frequency for following micro- source.
9. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the state based on the micro-grid connection point, adjustment
The step of operational mode of the micro-capacitance sensor, further comprises：
Start active synchronization algorithm under off-grid operation pattern, the voltage of the grid entry point meets default and network mark if judging to know
Standard, the micro-capacitance sensor is controlled to be switched to the pattern that is incorporated into the power networks；
Or the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks judges the voltage pulsation situation of grid entry point, if not reaching default Grid-connection standards, described in control
Micro-capacitance sensor is switched to the off-grid operation pattern.
10. a kind of micro-capacitance sensor and off-network control device, it is characterised in that including：At least one memory, at least one processing
Device, communication interface and bus；
The memory, the processor and the communication interface complete mutual communication, the communication by the bus
The information transfer that interface is used between the control device and data acquisition and memory device communication interface；
The computer program that can be run on the processor, the computing device described program are stored with the memory
In Shi Shixian such as claim 1 to 9 it is any as described in control method.
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| CN111030075B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-03-22 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Control method of direct current power supply and distribution system |
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