CN108963391A - A kind of metal-air battery - Google Patents
A kind of metal-air battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108963391A CN108963391A CN201810810031.1A CN201810810031A CN108963391A CN 108963391 A CN108963391 A CN 108963391A CN 201810810031 A CN201810810031 A CN 201810810031A CN 108963391 A CN108963391 A CN 108963391A
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- metal
- air
- electrolyte
- air battery
- shell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of metal-air battery, comprising: air electrode, metal electrode, electrolyte, shell, electric control exhaust valve, controller, air pump, gas receiver, pneumatic control valve, temperature sensor, liquid electric conductivity sensor, liquid switch valve and hutch water device.The present invention uses aluminium alloy for the all-sealed structure of shell, by the air pressure constant inside air pump and pneumatic control valve realization, passes through the hydrogen that the discharge of electric control exhaust valve is precipitated；The concentration of electrolyte is measured by measuring temperature and the conductivity of electrolyte, water installations are added automatically by replaceable, keep the constant concentration of electrolyte.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of renewable energy, more particularly to a kind of metal-air battery.
Background technique
Pure electric automobile drives by entrained battery, it is possible to reduce the pollution to running environment, with various peace and quiet energy
The popularization of source generation technology can reduce the discharge of carbon dioxide and a variety of polluted gas using pure electric automobile, especially pair
It is meaningful to improve living environment for alleviating air pollution in the metropolis of more-person-more-vehicle.Currently employed non-of electric car
Polymer Li-ion battery energy density is low, and the course continuation mileage of vehicle is low, the high polymer Li-ion battery of energy density, cost
Height under high temperature and sunshine, there is spontaneous combustion possibility.Energy density is high, is expected to become power electric using safe metal-air battery
The promising scheme in one, pond.For metal-air battery using active metal as anode, the oxygen in air passes through original as cathode
Cell reaction produces electricl energy.Metal-air battery utilizes the chemical energy of active metal storage, is aoxidized, is released energy by metal,
Without grid charging.Replace the negative electrode material of battery, battery, that is, renewable.Common metal air cell is open system, is convenient for
Oxygen in atmosphere enters battery system, while facilitating addition pure water, guarantees that the concentration of electrolyte is constant.But power train in vehicle application is electric
Pond use environment temperature range is broad (- 30~50 DEG C), often under frequent vibration and severe impact operating condition, due to region sea
The difference pulled out, also there were significant differences for extraneous atmospheric pressure, and external atmosphere pressure is lower, and will lead to oxygen partial pressure reduction, influence
Reaction speed is learned, metal-air battery rated power is reduced.Variation for temperature, can be using mature lithium ion power electricity
The heat dissipation in pond and thermal-insulating scheme, and for Vehicular vibration, impact, the significant change of overturning and air pressure after climbing or even accident
The operating conditions such as change, there are no the very good solution above problems for existing metal-air battery, and in addition the loss of electrolyte is also required to out
From the scheme of dynamic addition, facilitate the popularization of metal-air battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of metal-air battery, can utilize on electric car, anti-spilling and can be with
Maintain the constant concentration of air pressure inside and electrolyte.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of metal-air battery, comprising: air electrode, metal electrode, electrolyte, shell, electric control exhaust valve, control
Device, air pump, gas receiver and pneumatic control valve；
Wherein, the shell and the air electrode constitute a sealing structure, the electrolyte and the metal electrode
It is arranged in the sealing structure, the electrolyte is contacted with the air electrode and the metal electrode respectively, described automatically controlled
Portion on the housing is arranged in exhaust valve, is connected to the metal-air battery inside, the entrance of the gas receiver and the gas
Pump connection, the outlet of the gas receiver are connect with the shell, and are connected to the metal-air battery inside, the air pressure
The outlet of the gas receiver is arranged in control valve, and the controller connects with the electric control exhaust valve and the pneumatic control valve respectively
It connects.
Optionally, the metal-air battery further include: temperature sensor, liquid electric conductivity sensor, liquid switch valve
And hutch water device；
Wherein, the temperature sensor and the liquid electric conductivity sensor are arranged in the electrolyte, the liquid
One end of switch valve connects the hutch water device, and the other end of the liquid switch valve is connect with the shell, and with the metal
Connection inside air cell, the temperature sensor, the liquid electric conductivity sensor and the liquid switch valve respectively with institute
State controller connection.
Optionally, the temperature sensor is thermocouple.
Optionally, the hutch water device adds water installations for replaceable automatically.
Optionally, the liner of the shell is anti-corrosion material.
Optionally, the metal electrode is the active metal of high-purity, and the pH value of the electrolyte is neutrality.
Optionally, the shell and the air electrode use rubber static seal, and the shell is adopted with the metal electrode
With rubber static seal.
Optionally, the metal of the metal electrode is high Al, Mg and/or Zn, and the electrolyte is Mg (ClO4) 2 solution.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
The present invention provides a kind of metal-air batteries, use aluminium alloy for the all-sealed structure of shell, by air pump and
Air pressure constant inside pneumatic control valve realization passes through the hydrogen that the discharge of electric control exhaust valve is precipitated；By the temperature for measuring electrolyte
It spends with conductivity and measures the concentration of electrolyte, water installations are added automatically by replaceable, keep the constant concentration of electrolyte.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure connection figure of metal-air battery of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Mg (ClO4)2The relation curve of molar concentration M and electrical conductivity of solution σ；
Fig. 3 is 2.442molL-1Mg(ClO4)2The relation curve of electrical conductivity of solution σ and temperature t.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to enable metal-air battery can use on pure electric automobile, some seal approach are used, are prevented
In vehicle traveling process, the spilling of electrolyte.The shell of battery also by aluminium plastic material, is changed to firmer aluminum alloy materials,
To a certain extent, some inherent shortcomings of metal-air battery are overcome, but the variation for external atmosphere pressure, at present also
There is no preferable solution.Therefore existing Powered Air battery, can not support vehicle to travel in the environment of high altitude anoxia.
On the other hand, the reaction of air cell, necessarily causes the consumption of water, exempts to tie up as imaging lithium ion battery therefore, it is impossible to do
Shield.Current air cell, which adds water all, to be manually added according to scale, cumbersome.And the frequency due to manually adding compared with
It is low, it causes the fluctuation of concentration of electrolyte larger, is unfavorable for the health operation of metal-air battery.Although using catalyst,
The problem of metal-air battery liberation of hydrogen, can not thoroughly solve.Therefore, how in the case where closed, the hydrogen for discharging generation is also
One important problem.
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind can utilize on electric car, anti-spilling and can maintain air pressure inside and
The metal-air battery of the constant concentration of electrolyte.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structure connection figure of metal-air battery of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the metal-air battery includes: sky
Pneumoelectric pole 1, metal electrode 2, electrolyte 3, temperature sensor 4, liquid electric conductivity sensor 5, shell 6, electric control exhaust valve 7, liquid
Body switch valve 8, hutch water device 9, controller 10, air pump 11, gas receiver 12, pneumatic control valve 13.
Shell 6 and air electrode 1 constitute a sealing structure, and electrolyte 3 and metal electrode 2 are arranged in sealing structure,
Electrolyte 3 is contacted with air electrode 1 and metal electrode 2 respectively.Shell 6 is aluminium alloy, and the liner of shell 6 is anti-corrosion material.Gold
Belong to electrode 2 and use high-purity active metal, can be Al, Mg and/or Zn.Electrolyte 3 requires neutrality, good conductivity, using Mg
(ClO4)2, Mg2+Electrically charged more, diameter is small, and movement velocity is fast, ClO4It is small in size.Reliable rubber is used between shell 6 and electrode
17 static seal of glue guarantees air-tightness, can not only guarantee liquid will not spilling, but also the air pressure inside metal-air battery can be maintained
Stablize.
The setting of electric control exhaust valve 7 is connected to, the entrance and gas of gas receiver 12 on 6 top of shell with metal-air battery inside
11 connection of pump, the outlet of gas receiver 12 are connect with shell 6, and are connected to metal-air battery inside, and pneumatic control valve 13 is set
It sets in the outlet of gas receiver 12, controller 10 is connect with electric control exhaust valve 7 and pneumatic control valve 13 respectively.Concrete operating principle
Be: controller 10 opens gas when the numerical value is less than desired numerical value according to the data of baroceptor in pneumatic control valve 13
Pressure control valve 13, high pressure gas enters metal-air battery from gas receiver 12, while electric control exhaust valve 7 is opened, and side reaction is produced
Raw hydrogen release (emptying hydrogen using air), guarantees the safety of metal-air battery.When the pressure in gas receiver 12 is lower than
When setting value, air pump 11 starts, and is filled with high pressure gas to gas receiver 12, until reaching specified pressure.The effect of gas receiver 12 is
11 frequent starting of air pump is avoided, while the normal pressure of battery can be maintained always.
Temperature sensor 4 and liquid electric conductivity sensor 5 are arranged in electrolyte 3, and one end of liquid switch valve 8, which connects, mends
The other end of hydrophone 9, liquid switch valve 8 is connect with shell 6, and is connected to metal-air battery inside, temperature sensor 4, liquid
Bulk conductivity sensor 5 and liquid switch valve 8 are connect with controller respectively.Controller 10 passes through temperature sensor 4 and liquid electric
The signal of conductivity sensor 5, the concentration of real-time monitoring electrolyte 3, when detecting concentration increase, controller 10 is opened liquid and is opened
Valve 8 is closed, the high pressure gas 14 in hutch water device 9 pushes floating piston 15, and electrolyte is added by liquid switch valve 8 in pure water 16
In 3, until the concentration of electrolyte 3 reaches target value.Controller 10 determines the need for replacing according to the pressure of liquid switch valve 8
Hutch water device, when the pure water in hutch water device 9 exhausts, controller 10 can be sounded an alarm, and driver is prompted to replace hutch water device 9.
Wherein, temperature sensor 4 uses thermojunction type, and precision is high, and stability is good, subsequent to use equivalent charge circuit
(regarding sensor as Charge Source) simplifies (sensitivity that the length of conducting wire does not influence sensor) subsequent controllers convenient for wiring
Circuit.Liquid electric conductivity sensor 5 can measure Mg (ClO4)2The conductivity of solution.Pass through temperature and conductivity, so that it may accurate
Know the concentration of electrolyte.Using the reason of liquidometer is, due to the vibration of vehicle itself, will cause liquidometer and occurs partially
Difference.Hutch water device 9 adds water installations automatically for replaceable,
The concentration method of solution is calculated according to conductivity and temperature characterisitic:
Under room temperature (t=30 DEG C), measure under different molar concentration M, Mg (ClO4)2Electrical conductivity of solution, measurement data such as table
Shown in 1.
The relationship of table 1 Mg (ClO4) 2 solution molar concentration and conductivity
Under different temperatures, given molar concentration Mg (ClO is measured4)2Relation curve between electrical conductivity of solution σ and temperature t,
The present invention only lists 2.442molL-1Mg(ClO4)2The data of solution.Fig. 2 is Mg (ClO4)2Molar concentration M and solution conductivity
The relation curve of rate σ；Fig. 3 is 2.442molL-1Mg(ClO4)2The relation curve of electrical conductivity of solution σ and temperature t.
By given molar concentration Mg (ClO4)2Relation curve between electrical conductivity of solution σ and temperature t generates a bivariate table,
Controller 10 is imported, after measuring the temperature and conductivity of electrolyte, so that it may obtain Mg (ClO in this case4)2Solution it is dense
Degree the, because of Mg (ClO in solution4)2Total amount is constant, obtains concentration, so that it may the volume of water be calculated, and then determine and be added
The amount of pure water.
The shortcomings that electric vehicle uses can not be met comprehensively for conventional metals air cell, the present invention is innovatively set
A kind of novel metal air cell has been counted, has used the high-strength aluminum alloy of inside lining anti-corrosive material for the all-sealed structure of shell, has been led to
The air pressure constant inside air pump and control valve realization is crossed, measures the dense of electrolyte by measuring temperature and the conductivity of electrolyte
Degree adds water installations automatically by replaceable, keeps the constant concentration of electrolyte.It can satisfy the insulation peace of vehicle mounted dynamic battery
Entirely, the reliability requirements such as collision safety, shatter-proof, waterproof and dustproof, electromagnetic compatibility, for metal-air battery on electric car
Popularization play good impetus.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of metal-air battery characterized by comprising air electrode, metal electrode, electrolyte, shell, electric control exhaust
Valve, controller, air pump, gas receiver and pneumatic control valve；
Wherein, the shell and the air electrode constitute a sealing structure, the electrolyte and metal electrode setting
In the sealing structure, the electrolyte is contacted with the air electrode and the metal electrode respectively, the electric control exhaust
Portion on the housing is arranged in valve, is connected to the metal-air battery inside, the entrance of the gas receiver and the air pump connect
It connects, the outlet of the gas receiver is connect with the shell, and is connected to the metal-air battery inside, the pressure control
The outlet of the gas receiver is arranged in valve, and the controller is connect with the electric control exhaust valve and the pneumatic control valve respectively.
2. metal-air battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal-air battery further include: temperature
Sensor, liquid electric conductivity sensor, liquid switch valve and hutch water device；
Wherein, the temperature sensor and the liquid electric conductivity sensor are arranged in the electrolyte, the liquid switch
One end of valve connects the hutch water device, and the other end of the liquid switch valve is connect with the shell, and with the metal-air
Inside battery connection, the temperature sensor, the liquid electric conductivity sensor and the liquid switch valve respectively with the control
Device connection processed.
3. metal-air battery according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the temperature sensor is thermocouple.
4. metal-air battery according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the hutch water device adds water for replaceable automatically
Device.
5. metal-air battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the liner of the shell is anti-corrosion material.
6. metal-air battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal electrode is the active gold of high-purity
Belong to, the pH value of the electrolyte is neutrality.
7. metal-air battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell and the air electrode use rubber
Glue static seal, the shell and the metal electrode use rubber static seal.
8. metal-air battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the metal of the metal electrode be Al, Mg and/
Or Zn or its alloy, the electrolyte are Mg (ClO4)2Solution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810810031.1A CN108963391B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Metal-air battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810810031.1A CN108963391B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Metal-air battery |
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| CN108963391A true CN108963391A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
| CN108963391B CN108963391B (en) | 2022-12-23 |
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| CN201810810031.1A Active CN108963391B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Metal-air battery |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110071307A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-30 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of metal-air battery system and vehicle |
| CN113933724A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-14 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院军事新能源技术研究所 | Test system for safety of metal-air battery |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108963391B (en) | 2022-12-23 |
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