CN102331560A - Method for estimating state of charge of nickel-metal hydride battery - Google Patents
Method for estimating state of charge of nickel-metal hydride battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102331560A CN102331560A CN201110128382A CN201110128382A CN102331560A CN 102331560 A CN102331560 A CN 102331560A CN 201110128382 A CN201110128382 A CN 201110128382A CN 201110128382 A CN201110128382 A CN 201110128382A CN 102331560 A CN102331560 A CN 102331560A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting a state of gas inside a battery by a gas sensor and estimating a state of charge of the nickel-metal hydride battery and provides a novel stage-of-charge estimating method suitable for the nickel-metal hydride battery. The method comprises the following steps of: detecting a hydrogen partial pressure (or hydrogen content) or a gas total pressure (an internal pressure) in the gas inside the battery by the gas sensor; combining other parameters such as standing time, a battery temperature, charge-discharge times of the battery and the like; contrasting a state-of-charge value contrast table in a database; and judging the stage of charge of the battery. The method provided by the invention is suitable for the nickel-metal hydride battery and is more accuracy and is also simpler and more convenient than a conventional state-of-charge estimating method on the basis of the pressure and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaluation method of Ni-MH battery charging state, or rather, the present invention detects the inside battery gaseous state with gas sensor and estimates the method for Ni-MH battery charging state, relates to the battery technology field.
Background technology
Energy-conservation and environmental protection is the two principal themes of world today's automobile industry development.Each developed country of the world has all carried out the research of electric automobile for this reason.Wherein far can not satisfy the requirement of electric vehicle operation the serviceable life of electrokinetic cell, thereby restrict the development of electric motor car industry.This was both relevant with the manufacturing technology and the technology of battery, and was also relevant with the management of battery.The charging state of battery (SOC) particularly is because the SOC usable range of electric battery is very big to its effect on service life.Overcharge and/or overdischarge not only makes the life-span reduce greatly, and its energy efficiency also reduces.
Ni-MH battery has higher power density and security, is to obtain the battery string that maximum-norm uses in the present hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).Compare with other series such as lithium battery, Ni-MH battery is because the charging/discharging voltage in very wide SOC scope is very steady, and change in voltage seldom means that very big SOC changes, and being that its SOC is more difficult therefore accurately judges through voltage.
Except actual discharge (this needs for a long time and should not carry out on the car load), there are not other clear and definite physical quantitys surveyed online corresponding one by one with SOC.Can and in the HEV pattern was used, SOC must inform whole-control system timely and accurately, accept outside energy or externally export energy to confirm electric battery.Methods such as existing ampere-hour measurement Law, internal resistance method, open-circuit voltage method, discharge test method and load voltage method, artificial intelligence method, Kalman filtering method have all run into the difficult problem that accuracy is low, cumulative errors are big.
Integral method is also referred to as the electric weight accumulative between the most frequently used ampere-hour, is the most general method of using in the present commercial electric motor car.But because the self discharge of battery is without the charge efficiency of external circuit and battery not always 100%, even accurate again charge/discharge electricity amount calculates the actual electric weight that can not reflect battery truly.Even more serious is that along with the accumulation of time, the estimation error of SOC may be increasing.
It is thus clear that the new method of exploring used for electric vehicle Ni-MH battery SOC estimation is very urgent.
With the WS is electrolytical Ni-MH battery, removes little air (22% the O that the battery manufacture process is brought into
2And 78% N
2) outside, there is certain H in hydrogen storage alloy negative self
2Dividing potential drop, overcharge and the high magnification charging process in positive pole analyse O
2And negative pole is analysed H
2All inevitable, simultaneously, O
2Be diffused into negative pole, be reduced to H through chemistry or galvanochemistry recombination reaction with H in the negative pole
2O or OH-get into electrolytic solution.The N of inside battery
2, O
2And H
2The summation of dividing potential drop is exactly the interior pressure of battery.
Ni-MH battery is leaving standstill in the process for a long time, the O of inside battery
2Will be all progressively reduction on negative pole, the inner hydrogen dividing potential drop of corresponding battery and in pressure also tend towards stability, the equilibrium pressure of the hydrogen bearing alloy that inner pressure of battery at this moment and hydrogen storage alloy negative are used, the SOC of battery are closely related.That is to say, after hydrogen bearing alloy is confirmed and the battery manufacturing accomplishes, stable hydrogen dividing potential drop and in pressure can be used to estimate the SOC of Ni-MH battery.When particularly after car load stops a period of time, starting once more, the hydrogen dividing potential drop of battery or stable interior pressure can be measured exactly.
The present invention attempts by the exclusive characteristic of Ni-MH battery self; Extract battery inside hydrogen dividing potential drop (or hydrogen content) or (with) numerical value of internal gas general pressure; A kind of brand-new SOC evaluation method is proposed; Stable hydrogen richness or stable interior the pressure as the foundation of judging battery SOC with battery cooperate the ampere-hour integral method again, improve the SOC estimation precision of Vehicular dynamic battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of evaluation method of Ni-MH battery charging state, specifically the present invention provides a kind of and detects the inside battery gaseous state and estimate the Ni-MH battery charging state with gas sensor.
For achieving the above object; Technical solution of the present invention is before discharging and recharging beginning, to utilize gas sensor to detect the inside battery gaseous state through the gas sensor of installing; The number of times that discharges and recharges that combines battery temperature, time of repose (charging and discharging currents is 0) and battery again; Charging state numerical value correspondence table in the contrasting data storehouse is confirmed the charging state that Ni-MH battery or electric battery are current.Described inside battery gaseous state is hydrogen dividing potential drop (or hydrogen richness) or the total gas pressure (interior pressure) in the inside battery gas.
Described method, its described battery are to be applicable to the monomer Ni-MH battery that gas sensor is installed or to comprise an electric battery that gas sensor ni-mh cell is installed at least.
Described method, its described Ni-MH battery is characterized in that, the Ni-MH battery that is suitable for can be the Ni-MH battery of all kinds, all models and all producers, is shaped as arbitrary shapes such as cylindrical, square, oval, prismatic, hollow.
Described method, the state of its said inside battery gas, comprise with the inside hydrogen dividing potential drop (or hydrogen content) of battery or (with) numerical value of internal gas general pressure.
Described method before its said method is applicable to that nickel-hydrogen cell charging and discharging begins, is utilized the detected inside battery gaseous state of gas sensor.
Described method; Its described gas sensor is hydrogen richness sensor or gas pressure sensor, and this sensor both can be encapsulated in the direct inside battery gaseous state of measuring in the battery; Also can be installed in battery surface, measure the inside battery gaseous state indirectly through parameters such as deformation quantities.
Described method, the state-of-charge scope of its said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is 0%～100%.
Described method, the temperature range of its said Ni-MH battery or electric battery are-20 ℃～100 ℃.
Described method, the time of repose scope of its said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is >=2h.
Described method, the number of times scope that discharges and recharges of its said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is >=1 time.
Described method test data shows hydrogen dividing potential drop, the hydrogen richness in the inside battery gaseous state; Total gas pressure or interior pressure all are parameters; And data is incomplete in the active data, and the relational expression of one group of corresponding SOC data is y=ax+b (y is the stable interior pressure of battery in the formula, and x is 20 ℃ of charging states under the condition) under 20 ℃ of temperature; This rule is all arranged under other temperature and the discharge time, is concrete a different with the b value (seeing embodiment for details).
Therefore, compare with integral method between traditional ampere-hour, a maximum advantage of the present invention is more accurately simpler.The present invention utilizes gas sensor to detect the method for inside battery gaseous state; Combine the number of times that discharges and recharges of they and battery temperature, time of repose (charging and discharging currents is 0) and battery, through contrast " internal gas state-battery charge attitude " database estimation Ni-MH battery or the current charging state of electric battery.The method of estimation Ni-MH battery charging state provided by the invention just is not applicable to the Ni-MH battery that all models of all kinds and different manufacturers are produced, and than accurate more also easier according to traditional charging state evaluation methods such as voltages.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the schematic diagram of gas sensor estimating battery (group) charging state;
The built-in gas sensor device synoptic diagram of Fig. 2 cylindrical battery (ZL200510051569.1);
Fig. 3 cylindrical battery external gas pressure sensor device synoptic diagram (ZL200820153456.1);
Interior pressure when Fig. 4 is 20 ℃ on a D type QNY6 battery and the relation curve of state-of-charge (SOC);
Hydrogen partial pressure when Fig. 5 is 20 ℃ on a D type QNY6 battery and the relation curve of state-of-charge (SOC).
Among the figure, 1, utmost point group; 2, box hat (negative pole); 3, the fixing lower cover of gas sensor; 4, gas sensor fixed cover; 5, gas sensor lead-in wire; 6, gas sensor fairlead; 7, gas sensor; 8, O type circle; 9, battery seal ring; 10, external gaseous tension vane.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that adopts gas sensor estimating battery (group) charging state.Wherein, the connected mode of battery and gas sensor will be done introduction in Fig. 2-Fig. 3.Single-chip microcomputer is the general designation of controller and peripheral circuit, has functions such as sampling, computation of table lookup concurrently, is known technology, does not do at this and gives unnecessary details.Being connected between battery and single-chip microcomputer and the charging/discharging apparatus is connected to known technology between single-chip microcomputer and the charging/discharging apparatus, also do not do at this and gives unnecessary details.Gas sensor can adopt that any mode of the present invention is connected with cell sealing among Fig. 2-Fig. 3; Single-chip microcomputer can be monitored the pressure or the hydrogen content of inside battery in real time; Parameter such as temperature, time after single-chip microcomputer carries out corresponding computation of table lookup to these data simultaneously, thereby is judged the present state-of-charge (SOC) of battery (group); And then signal postbacked to discharging and recharging power supply, make it continue charging or discharge to battery.
Fig. 2 is the built-in gas sensor device synoptic diagram of cylindrical battery (ZL200820153456.1).
Fig. 3 is a cylindrical battery external gas pressure sensor device synoptic diagram (ZL200510051569.1).Compare with built-in pressure transducer 4, tested battery is in charge and discharge process, and external pressure transducer 10 is the internal pressures that reflect tested battery through the miniature deformation that detects tested battery bottom.10 need of external pressure transducer are fixed in the outside, tested battery 2 bottoms with gas pressure sensor pressure-strain sheet with special-purpose gluing mode.
Compare with built-in pressure transducer 7,10 need of external pressure sensing sheet are close to battery bottom with the gas pressure sensor contact and are got final product.But, the precision of external pressure transducer and remolding sensitivity are built-in very different, and the external pressure transducer can only detect the interior pressure of battery, can't detect hydrogen partial pressure or hydrogen content in the battery.
Embodiment 1 interior pressure and the relation curve of state-of-charge (SOC) during for 20 ℃ of the column type D-QNY6 Ni-MH batteries that obtain with gas pressure sensor shown in Figure 4.
Can find out; Stable interior press (y) of battery is approximate linear with its SOC (x) value in the time of 20 ℃; Meet relational expression y=0.082x+21.93, this relational expression is definite through surveying, and stable interior (y) approximate relation curve with its SOC (x) of pressing of battery all can be confirmed through surveying under same different temperatures and the different cycle index; " inner pressure of battery-charging state " database can be set up thus, after surveying inner pressure of battery, current charging state data can be obtained through tabling look-up.
Embodiment 2 interior pressure and the relation curve of state-of-charge (SOC) during for 20 ℃ of the column type D-QNY6 Ni-MH batteries that obtain with the hydrogen content sensor shown in Figure 5.
With embodiment 1, can set up " battery hydrogen content-charging state " database, can obtain current state-of-charge (SOC) data through tabling look-up behind the hydrogen content in surveying battery.
Claims (10)
1. the evaluation method of a Ni-MH battery charging state; It is characterized in that described evaluation method is to detect the inside battery gaseous state and estimate the Ni-MH battery charging state with gas sensor; It specifically is gas sensor through installing; Before discharging and recharging beginning, utilize gas sensor to detect the state of inside battery gas; Combine battery temperature, charging and discharging currents to be the number of times that discharges and recharges of 0 time of repose and battery again, the charging state numerical value correspondence table in the contrasting data storehouse, thus confirm the charging state of Ni-MH battery; Described inside battery gaseous state comprises hydrogen dividing potential drop, hydrogen content, total gas pressure or interior pressure.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described installation gas sensor is the monomer Ni-MH battery or comprises an electric battery that gas sensor ni-mh cell is installed at least.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described Ni-MH battery is the Ni-MH battery of all kinds, all models and all producers, is shaped as any one of cylindrical, square, oval, rhombus or hollow.
4. the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that said gas sensor is the hydrogen richness pressure transducer or is gas pressure sensor; And this sensor both had been encapsulated in and had directly measured the inside battery gaseous state in the battery; Or be installed in battery surface, measure the inside battery gaseous state indirectly through the deformation quantity parameter.
5. the method for claim 1, the temperature range that it is characterized in that said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is 0%-100%.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the state-of-charge scope of said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is-20 ℃-100 ℃.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the time of repose scope of said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is >=2h.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the number of times scope that discharges and recharges of said Ni-MH battery or electric battery is >=1 time.
9. like each described method among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that interior pressure that under 20 ℃ of temperature battery is stable and the relational expression of SOC do
y＝ax+b
In the formula, y is the stable interior pressure of battery, and x is SOC.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that D-QNy6 Ni-MH battery a=0.082 under 20 ℃ of conditions, b=21.93.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110128382A CN102331560A (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 | Method for estimating state of charge of nickel-metal hydride battery |
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| CN201110128382A CN102331560A (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 | Method for estimating state of charge of nickel-metal hydride battery |
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Cited By (10)
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| WO2015058505A1 (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Sensor-implanted storage battery |
| CN104600383B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2017-02-08 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Battery pack electric quantity equalization method and apparatus thereof |
| CN107004917A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2017-08-01 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | The deterioration diagnosis method and deterioration diagnostic system of enclosed secondary battery |
| CN107748329A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-03-02 | 清华大学 | Charge states of lithium ion battery monitoring method, monitoring device and monitoring modular |
| WO2018068329A1 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power capacity value calculation method, electronic device, and storage medium |
| CN109975715A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-07-05 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery of electric automobile mould group remaining capacity |
| CN110596610A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting charging and discharging electric quantity states of battery module and battery |
| CN112816878A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-18 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | SOC estimation method, device and system |
| CN113346152A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-03 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Battery system and control method thereof |
| CN116736118A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-09-12 | 广东华庄科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack detection method and system |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015058505A1 (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Sensor-implanted storage battery |
| CN104600383B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2017-02-08 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Battery pack electric quantity equalization method and apparatus thereof |
| CN107004917A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2017-08-01 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | The deterioration diagnosis method and deterioration diagnostic system of enclosed secondary battery |
| CN108351386B (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2021-04-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electric quantity value calculation method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| WO2018068329A1 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power capacity value calculation method, electronic device, and storage medium |
| CN108351386A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-07-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of electricity value calculating method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN107748329A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-03-02 | 清华大学 | Charge states of lithium ion battery monitoring method, monitoring device and monitoring modular |
| CN110596610A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting charging and discharging electric quantity states of battery module and battery |
| CN109975715A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-07-05 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery of electric automobile mould group remaining capacity |
| CN113346152A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-03 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Battery system and control method thereof |
| CN113346152B (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2024-03-12 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Battery system and control method thereof |
| CN112816878A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-18 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | SOC estimation method, device and system |
| CN112816878B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2024-03-01 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | SOC estimation method, device and system |
| CN116736118A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-09-12 | 广东华庄科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack detection method and system |
| CN116736118B (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2024-01-30 | 广东华庄科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack detection method and system |
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Application publication date: 20120125 |