CN108962408A - A kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber - Google Patents
A kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108962408A CN108962408A CN201810641565.6A CN201810641565A CN108962408A CN 108962408 A CN108962408 A CN 108962408A CN 201810641565 A CN201810641565 A CN 201810641565A CN 108962408 A CN108962408 A CN 108962408A
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure vessel
- vacuum chamber
- stainless steel
- outer cylinder
- steel outer
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The periphery of pressure vessel is arranged in the invention discloses a kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber, including stainless steel outer cylinder, shielded layer and steel safety shell, stainless steel outer cylinder, and vacuum chamber is formed between pressure vessel；The periphery of stainless steel outer cylinder is arranged in shielded layer, and water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are each passed through shielded layer and communicate with vacuum chamber；Steel safety shell periphery is equipped with cooling water source, the inside of steel safety shell is communicated to by pipeline, stainless steel outer cylinder and shielded layer are fixed in steel safety shell, are respectively corresponded on pipeline, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe equipped with solenoid valve, and each solenoid valve is started by control module.The present invention can guarantee the heat insulation effect of pressure vessel under the heap accidental conditions that react, and be realized after major accident occurs to the external cooling of pressure vessel wall surface, avoid the failure of pressure vessel and a large amount of releases of radioactive product, using circulating cooling mode, the energy is saved, utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Small reactor technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber
System.
Background technique
After major accident occurs for reactor, high-temperature molten falls into bottom chamber, generates huge thermic load to lower head,
And then may cause Lower head failure, radioactive product largely discharges.The release of radioactive product in order to prevent can use at present
Cooling technology outside pressure vessel is realized in fusant heap and is detained by cooling pressure container lower head, and then actually eliminates big
Measure the important method of radioactivity release.
Cooling technology has been obtained in advanced pressurized water reactor power station such as AP1000, the imperial No.1 of China by land outside pressure vessel
Using, and have been widely recognized.In the power station AP1000, after external cooling strategy starts, cooling water is injected into reaction
In heap heap chamber, and pass through the cooling duct cooling pressure container outer wall face in insulating layer.Pressure vessel based on vacuum chamber is cold
But there are difference in design and construction for system and land power station, and pressure vessel outside is without typical heap possessed by land-based reactor
Cavity configuration, and realize that external cooling exists centainly also without dedicated cooling duct between its insulating layer and pressure vessel wall surface
It is difficult.
In view of this, be badly in need of improving the structure of the existing pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber, with
Improve cooling effect.
Summary of the invention
The cooling effect of the pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber that the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to existing
Fruit difference problem.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that providing a kind of pressure based on vacuum chamber
Force container cooling system, comprising:
Stainless steel outer cylinder, is arranged in the periphery of pressure vessel, and vacuum chamber is formed between pressure vessel；
Shielded layer, is arranged in the periphery of the stainless steel outer cylinder, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe be each passed through the shielded layer with
The vacuum chamber communicates；
Steel safety shell, steel safety shell periphery are equipped with cooling water source, are communicated to the steel safety by pipeline
The inside of shell, the stainless steel outer cylinder and the shielded layer are fixed in the steel safety shell, the pipeline, the water inlet pipe
It respectively corresponds on the outlet pipe equipped with solenoid valve, each solenoid valve is started by control module.
In another preferred embodiment, insulating layer is equipped between the shielded layer and the stainless steel outer cylinder.
In another preferred embodiment, the pressure vessel is higher by the top surface of the stainless steel outer cylinder, described stainless
Steel outer cylinder, the insulating layer and the shielded layer are contour.
In another preferred embodiment, the water inlet pipe, the outlet pipe are separately positioned on the stainless steel outer cylinder
Lower part, top, the height of the pipeline is between the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.
In another preferred embodiment, the top of the steel safety shell is arc, the height of the steel safety shell
Degree is 3~5 times of the height of the stainless steel outer tube.
In another preferred embodiment, the liquid level inside the external water source is twice of the vacuum chamber.
In another preferred embodiment, the pressure vessel is arranged far from the side of the pipeline.
Compared with prior art, of the invention, it can guarantee the heat preservation of pressure vessel under the heap accidental conditions that react
Effect is realized to the external cooling of pressure vessel wall surface after major accident occurs, avoids the failure and radioactivity of pressure vessel
A large amount of releases of product save the energy using circulating cooling mode, and utilization rate is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of vacuum chamber of the invention；
Fig. 2 is work flow diagram of the present invention under major accident.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber guarantees pressure under accidental conditions
The heat insulation effect of container is realized after major accident occurs to the external cooling of pressure vessel wall surface.It is attached below with reference to specification
Figure and specific embodiment are described in detail the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber provided by the invention, including outside stainless steel
Cylinder 20, shielded layer 30 and steel safety shell 70.Stainless steel outer cylinder 20 is arranged in the periphery of pressure vessel 10, and with pressure vessel 10
Between formed vacuum chamber 60.The periphery of stainless steel outer cylinder 20 is arranged in shielded layer 30, and water inlet pipe 11 and outlet pipe 12 are each passed through
Shielded layer 30 is communicated with vacuum chamber 60.70 periphery of steel safety shell is equipped with cooling water source, is communicated to steel safety by pipeline 72
The inside of shell 70, stainless steel outer cylinder 20 and shielded layer 30 are fixed in steel safety shell 70, pipeline 72, water inlet pipe 11 and outlet pipe
It is respectively corresponded on 12 equipped with solenoid valve, each solenoid valve is started by control module.Solenoid valve have can remotely operate, high sensitivity
The advantages of, and installation is simple easy to maintain, is suitably applied in steel safety shell 70.
As shown in Fig. 2, opening the solenoid valve of water inlet pipe 11 and outlet pipe 12 after major accident generation, while opening outer
The pipeline 72 at portion water source 71, provides flow channel for cooling water.External water source 71 is into rising water level constantly in steel safety shell 70
Height, the cooling water that bottom is gathered enters vacuum chamber 60 from the water inlet pipe 11 of lower part, with 10 outer wall face contact of pressure vessel and to it
Cooling, vacuum chamber 60 become cooling duct.Due to being sealed in the case where major accident operating condition especially fusant has fallen into pressure vessel 10
Under operating condition in head, the outside wall surface of pressure vessel 10 may maintain higher temperature.The cooling water being heated or the steaming being thermally formed
Vapour is discharged vacuum chamber 60 by the outlet pipe 12 on top and enters in steel safety shell 70, and steam or high-temperature water are in steel safety
70 inner wall cooling for reflux of shell, is collected at the bottom of steel safety shell 70 again, again flows into vacuum chamber 60, shape as cooling water
At Natural Circulation, heat is finally exported to the outside of steel safety shell 70.This Natural Circulation can will be outside pressure vessel 10
Wall surface maintains lower temperature, to keep the integrality of pressure vessel 10, realizes in the heap of fusant and is detained, practical to eliminate greatly
Measure the consequence of radioactive substance release.
Insulating layer 40 is equipped between shielded layer 30 and stainless steel outer cylinder 20, insulating layer 40 and vacuum chamber 60 together, avoid pressing
The high temperature of force container 10 guarantees that the cooling water in steel safety shell 70 is not affected by high temperatures to external diffusion.
Pressure vessel 10 is higher by the top surface of stainless steel outer cylinder 20, and stainless steel outer cylinder 20, insulating layer 40 and shielded layer 30 are contour.
In the present embodiment, 10 flange of pressure vessel is wrapped in interior, the top of stainless steel outer cylinder 20 with lower portion by stainless steel outer cylinder 20
It is connected with the outer wall of pressure vessel 10, and is closed using stainless steel plate, lower part is fixed on 70 floor of containment, to be formed
The vacuum chamber 60 of vacuum-pumping.
Water inlet pipe 11, outlet pipe 12 are separately positioned on the lower part of stainless steel outer cylinder 20, top, and the height of pipeline 72 is being intake
Between pipe 11 and outlet pipe 12.Water inlet pipe 11 be arranged in lower part, facilitate cooling water to rapidly enter, and the water outlet of pipeline 72 with
Water inlet pipe 11 forms difference in height, prevents the water of pipeline 72 from flowing back.
The top of steel safety shell 70 is arc, and the height of steel safety shell 70 is the 3~5 of the height of stainless steel outer tube
Times.The shape of arc can will have biggish radiating surface, and meet heat and dissipate to provide good glide paths after steam liquefied
The requirement of hair, and the height of steel safety shell 70 is able to satisfy steam liquefied space enough, improves liquefaction lowering ability.Steel peace
Full shell needs certain height to guarantee liquefy space and circulation ability, but specific height can be adjusted according to actual needs
It is whole, so that being adapted with other design parameters.
Liquid level inside external water source 71 is twice of vacuum chamber 60, and this set may make external cooling water fast
Speed enters in steel safety shell 70, and can guarantee that the hydraulic pressure of vacuum chamber 60 will not influence the inflow velocity of cooling water.External water source
It is cooling outside 71 injections and pressure vessel for needing certain water level and water to guarantee cooling water, but specific water and water level
Also it can according to need and be adjusted.
Pressure vessel 10 is arranged far from the side of pipeline 72, avoids distance mistake of the entrance of pipeline 72 from outlet pipe 12
Closely, prevent cooling water from directly directly being contacted with the higher water of temperature, to reduce the cooling capacity entirely recycled.
The invention has the benefit that
1. the vacuum chamber Room 60 in system can play insulation effect under normal reactor operation operating condition, pressure is maintained
The temperature of container 10；
2. after major accident occurs, external water source 71 can carry out external cooling to pressure vessel 10, guarantee pressure vessel
10 integrality is realized in the heap of fusant and is detained；
3. the water after being cooled down can be cooled down using the inner wall of steel safety shell 70, so that Natural Circulation is formed,
By outside the heat derives of reactor core and fusant to containment 70, utilization rate is high.
The invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone should learn that is made under the inspiration of the present invention
Structure change, the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention are fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber characterized by comprising
Stainless steel outer cylinder, is arranged in the periphery of pressure vessel, and vacuum chamber is formed between pressure vessel；
Shielded layer, is arranged in the periphery of the stainless steel outer cylinder, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe be each passed through the shielded layer with it is described
Vacuum chamber communicates；
Steel safety shell, steel safety shell periphery are equipped with cooling water source, are communicated to the steel safety shell by pipeline
Inside, the stainless steel outer cylinder and the shielded layer are fixed in the steel safety shell, the pipeline, the water inlet pipe and institute
It states and is respectively corresponded on outlet pipe equipped with solenoid valve, each solenoid valve is started by control module.
2. the pressure vessel cooling system according to claim 1 based on vacuum chamber, which is characterized in that the shielded layer
Insulating layer is equipped between the stainless steel outer cylinder.
3. the pressure vessel cooling system according to claim 2 based on vacuum chamber, which is characterized in that the pressure is held
Device is higher by the top surface of the stainless steel outer cylinder, and the stainless steel outer cylinder, the insulating layer and the shielded layer are contour.
4. the pressure vessel cooling system according to claim 1 based on vacuum chamber, which is characterized in that the water inlet
Pipe, the outlet pipe are separately positioned on lower part, the top of the stainless steel outer cylinder, the height of the pipeline in the water inlet pipe and
Between the outlet pipe.
5. the pressure vessel cooling system according to claim 1 based on vacuum chamber, which is characterized in that the steel peace
The top of full shell is arc, and the height of the steel safety shell is 3~5 times of the height of the stainless steel outer tube.
6. the pressure vessel cooling system according to claim 1 based on vacuum chamber, which is characterized in that the external water
Liquid level inside source is twice of the vacuum chamber.
7. the pressure vessel cooling system according to claim 1 based on vacuum chamber, which is characterized in that the pressure is held
Device is arranged far from the side of the pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810641565.6A CN108962408A (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | A kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810641565.6A CN108962408A (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | A kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108962408A true CN108962408A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
Family
ID=64491506
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| CN201810641565.6A Pending CN108962408A (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | A kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5315625A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1994-05-24 | Enel S.P.A. | Method for protecting the base of the reactor container in nuclear power plants, and a device for implementing the method |
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| CN108010591A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-08 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional pressure container reactor pit structure and reactor safety shell structure |
| CN108028082A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-05-11 | 纽斯高动力有限责任公司 | The passive cooling of cold shutdown |
| CN208444609U (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-01-29 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | A kind of pressure vessel cooling system based on vacuum chamber |
-
2018
- 2018-06-21 CN CN201810641565.6A patent/CN108962408A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5315625A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1994-05-24 | Enel S.P.A. | Method for protecting the base of the reactor container in nuclear power plants, and a device for implementing the method |
| CN103474107A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Comprehensive protection device of nuclear reactor container |
| CN104112482A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-22 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Passive self-flow control water injection system |
| CN104167230A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-11-26 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Passive concrete containment cooling system |
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