CN108956512A - A kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector and its application method and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector and its application method and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 29
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- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 101100434411 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) ADH1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1806—Biological oxygen demand [BOD] or chemical oxygen demand [COD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector and its application methods and detection method, detector includes cabinet, binary channels spectrophotometry COD module, data access module and power module and control display module, binary channels spectrophotometry COD module is arranged in cabinet, it includes measuring device, control unit, signal condition amplifying circuit and double channel A/D C data collector, measuring device output is successively connected via the input of signal condition amplifying circuit and double channel A/D C data collector and control unit, the input of control unit and measuring device connects；The external RTC block of control unit and crystal oscillator；Data access module and control display module are connect with control unit.The present invention may be selected directly measurement or from quasi- experiment curv mode, guarantee the measuring speed repeatedly measured under different quality environment and precision；Real-time display and permanent unlimited storage measurement data, facilitate data online access and line under handle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water monitoring device and methods, more particularly, to a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector
And its application method and detection method.
Background technique
With the development of industry, water pollution is increasingly severe, and COD (COD) can reflect in water by reproducibility object
The degree of matter pollution, is the major criterion for measuring environmental quality, currently, the measurement conventional method generally useization of COD
Method mainly uses potassium dichromate standard method, coulometric titration, according to its different detection method of water quality chlorine ion concentration
Difference, fresh water generally use potassium dichromate method, acidic potassium permanganate method, and seawater uses basic potassium permanganate method.But these tradition
All there is the disadvantage that reagent dosage is big, and secondary pollution is serious, the testing time is long, operating procedure is many and diverse in method, be not suitable with the modern times
The market demand of change.
The spectrophotometry de termination of COD measurement is carried out in the Fundamentals of Measurement of potassium dichromate standard method, its difference
It is to titrate potassium bichromate without using iron ammonium sulfate, but uses absorption spectrum principle, according to Cr3+ in solution and Cr6+
How much is ion concentration, and wavelength 420nm and 620nm binary channels optical path measurement COD concentration is respectively adopted in 3-150mg/ml, 20-
The absorbance of 1500mg/ml and 1000-15000mg/ml solution to be measured, therefore according to gained absorbance working curve, can be with
Represent COD in water sample.Spectrophotometry de termination is a kind of improvement of potassium dichromate standard method, saves reagent, operation
It is convenient.
The existing water-quality COD detector based on spectrophotometry in market generally requires the dedicated of mating corresponding production company
Reagent, therefore have a single function, the compatibility under different measurement environment is very poor, and instrument price is expensive, bulky is not easy to
It carries, measurement on line is only provided lacks data dynamic access and processed offline, operating procedure complexity and be not easy to practical application.Therefore such as
What, which is realized, integrates that multi-functional, cheap, data dynamic access and processed offline, measurement is simply accurately and fast portable is
One of the pressing issues that water quality monitoring instrument is faced.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: a purpose is to provide a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector and its application method and inspection
Survey method extends water quality monitor function, improves water quality monitor pair to solve the prior art and apply the existing above problem
The applicability and compatibility of a variety of environment realize data dynamic access and processed offline, and measurement is simple accurate, designs an apparatus conveniently
It carries, it is cheap, so that water quality monitoring work is more convenient.
Technical solution: a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, including cabinet, setting are in the intracorporal binary channels of case
Spectrophotometry COD module, data access module and power module and the control display module that tank surface is set,
In,
The binary channels spectrophotometry COD module include measuring device, control unit, signal condition amplifying circuit and
Double channel A/D C data collector, measuring device output are connect with the input of signal condition amplifying circuit, signal condition amplifying circuit
Output through double channel A/D C data collector and control unit an input connection, control unit PWM control module output
An input with measuring device connects；The external RTC block of control unit and crystal oscillator；
The data access module includes SD card data dynamic access module and EEPROM data cache module, SD card data
Dynamic access module is bi-directionally connected with control unit and host computer respectively, the EEPROM data cache module and outside RTC mould
Block passes through control unit respectively and connect with control display module；
The control display module includes key module and display panel module, and the one of the output of key module and control unit
A input connection, the EEPROM data cache module and external RTC block pass through control unit respectively and display panel module connects
It connects；
The power module includes electric power driving module and voltage amplification module, and output and the voltage of electric power driving module are put
Big module input connection, the output of voltage amplification module are connect with measuring device, control unit and display panel module.
Preferably, it is provided with test tube fixing device on the cabinet, which is fixed on by firm banking
The bottom of box, test tube fixing device upper end opening, the test tube equipped with test agent are placed in test tube fixing device；
The measuring device includes binary channels spectrophotometric device, optical path on-off switch, first light source, second light source, first
Silicon photocell sensor and the second silicon photocell sensor, the binary channels spectrophotometric device are set on test tube fixing device,
And be arranged in cabinet, the optical path on-off switch is arranged in test tube fixing device inner sidewall, the binary channels spectrophotometric device
Including first passage and second channel, the first light source and second light source are respectively arranged on the adjacent of first passage and second channel
On the outside of passway, first silicon photocell sensor and the second silicon photocell sensor are located at first passage and second and lead to
On the outside of another passway in road.
Preferably, the display panel module is LCD1602 display panel module, from EEPROM data cache module and outside
The time scale value that RTC is read is transferred to LCD1602 display screen using IIC data transfer mode and shows, the LCD1602 is shown
The 5v voltage output of panel module connection voltage amplification module.
The present invention also provides a kind of application methods of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, comprising the following steps:
(1) electric power starting, system complete each module initialization；
(2) control of control display module opens COD measurement, selects measurement pattern and show measuring state；
(3) binary channels spectrophotometry COD module completes COD measurement；
(4) control display module selection measurement terminates or recycles measurement.
Further, the step (2) the following steps are included:
(21) enter the first stage by key control, key module completes measurement process basis instrument, and control unit passes through
The data cached initialization time value of EEPROM, key adjustment calibration current time, simultaneously renewal time is obtained from external RTC in real time,
Pass through display screen real-time display；
(22) enter second stage by key control, show different measuring range parameters using display screen, according to measurement needs, control
Unit selects to open light sources with different wavelengths and optical path by key；
(23) key-press input control selections enter measuring phases, and control unit is read using SPI data transfer mode from SD card
Take the parameter value of current matched curve；
(24) key-press input controls measurement process, display screen real-time display measuring state and data, passes through key-press input pair
Data carry out online screening editor.
Further, the step (3) the following steps are included:
(31) it turning on the power switch, instrument enters measuring state, resets by key control, and device enters measurement wait state,
3v supply voltage provides 5v burning voltage by voltage amplifier circuit for ultraviolet source, when being inserted into test agent, optical path on-off
Switch is pressed, and control unit control PWM opens respective channel ultraviolet source, and light is radiated at corresponding silicon through reagent
The optical signal receiving end of photocell sensor；
(32) silicon photocell sensor converts the other analog current signal of microampere order for the illuminance received and is transferred to
Signal condition amplifying circuit, signal condition amplifying circuit convert the signal to the analog voltage signal between 0-3.3v be input to it is double
Channel adc data collector module converter is digital signal, and absorbance calculation formula is as follows:
Absij=Abs0i-Abs1ij(i=0,1, j=1,2 ... n)；
Wherein, AbsijThe absorbance of jth time measurement under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i, Abs1ijIt is 0 for corresponding i
Or the illuminance of the jth time measurement under 1 two kinds of light sources, Abs0iCorrespondence i to measure in advance is inserted into empty under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source
The optical path maximum illuminance of white reagent；
(33) water-quality COD value is calculated by the matched curve about absorbance, knows water-quality COD according to langbobier law
In a linear relationship with absorbance, COD calculation formula is as follows:
cij=ai*Absij+bi(i=0,1, j=1,2 ... n)；
Wherein, cijThe COD value of jth time measurement under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i, AbsijIt is 0 or 1 liang for corresponding i
The absorbance value of jth time measurement under kind light source, ai、biRespectively correspond to the parameter that i is matched curve under 0 or 1 two kind of light source
Value.
Further, the step (4) the following steps are included:
(41) key selection entered from the pseudocurve stage, is inserted into multiple standard reagents and measures its absorbance respectively, presses simultaneously
The corresponding COD value of key input, obtains multiple groups standard test data, is fitted experiment curv using least square method, obtains formula ai、
biValue, while SD card User2 file internal pointer is directed toward file storage data end address, stores the formula a measuredi、biValue；
(42) key-press input selection enters direct measuring phases, and SD card User2 file internal pointer is directed toward file and stores number
According to end address, control unit reads a saved from pseudocurve last time out of SD cardi、biValue；
(43) it completes to measure the COD of test agent using the curvilinear equation that fitting obtains, it is every to have surveyed a correct data,
By key control save time of this measurement, parameter value, absorbance and COD value data information to the end of SD card User1 file
End, and existing measurement data originally will not be covered.
Further, it is set in the step (41) and a certain path channels is measured, there is N number of standard reagent, it is corresponding to survey
Obtain N number of Abs value xi, the N number of COD value y of key-press inputi, the curvilinear equation of target fitting:
Φi=a*xi+ b (i=1,2 ... N)；
The N group data measured are substituted into curvilinear equation respectively and are calculated: Φ1,Φ2,...ΦN；
Error sum of squares are as follows:To ask a, b value to make J minimum, the necessary condition of extreme value need to be only utilizedThe system of linear equations about a, b is obtained, and then acquires corresponding a, b value.
Further, when key is skipped the curve matching stage, and selection directly measures, control unit is directly read from SD card
The parameter of curve for taking last time measurement to save carries out repeatedly continuous measurement；When there is large error in the data that measure of experiment, then
The secondary measurement is considered as wrong measurement, and the data of this time measurement are deleted by key control, since the position that last measurement terminates after
Continuous measurement.
The present invention also provides a kind of detection methods of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, comprising the following steps:
(1) selection starts after measuring and this being selected to measure the optical channel used, and system is bent into directly test and from intending
Line options stage, display screen show TEST and two options of WKC, and then selection WKC intends again from pseudocurve option as needed
It closes curve to obtain being suitable for current measurement lower one group new curvilinear equation parameter of environment, or selection TEST directly tests option,
It is measured with existing equation parameter, the latter is more biased towards in this measurement with last time measurement under the same environment of same water quality
Or in the case of the same multiple measurement once tested；
(2) system enters circulation standby mode, until reset key be pressed and system detection to optical path on-off switch be closed,
System carries out first time measurement, and the absorbance value that silicon photocell sensor is received is passed in control unit；
(3) if having selected direct measurement pattern, system reads existing COD calculation formula parameter value out of SD card,
Directly carry out the COD value that this measurement is calculated；If selected from pseudocurve mode, need by key-press input this
The COD value of measurement；
(4) whether key module has input stop signal to system detection, under direct measurement pattern, if input validation signal
ENT then continues to measure next group, if input stop signal EXIT, saves all measurement data and then returns to homepage；From
Under pseudocurve mode, if input validation signal ENT, continue to measure next group, if input stop signal EXIT, basis
The each group COD value of the multiple groups absorbance value and input that have measured calculates the calculation formula parameter value of this matched curve, and will
Its end for being stored in User2 file in SD card, simultaneity factor return to TEST directly test and WKC from pseudocurve select the page,
Then homepage is returned to by EXIT key, or selection any one of TEST or WKC repeat above step.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, present invention employs the spectrophotometry of binary channel to measure COD, avoid
Measurement cost has been saved in secondary pollution, is measured more accurate quick；It introduces and is deposited by key control display function and SD card data dynamic
Function is taken, parameter, which saves to call at any time in real time, makes to operate simpler convenience, measures quicker；It can be realized from pseudocurve function
Can, convenient repeatedly measurement is especially suitable for the quick Emergent detection in scene, and the COD for adapting to different measurement objects under a variety of environment is surveyed
Amount；Equipment instrument is small simultaneously is convenient for carrying, and cheap, is more close to practical application, meets industry to a certain extent
With demands of individuals, help further to improve problem of environmental pollution, there is very high social utility value and the value of environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is detector structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is detector circuit module of the present invention and connect block diagram；
Fig. 3 is binary channels spectrophotometry COD circuit diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is application method flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is application method control flow for displaying schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is application method measurement COD flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is application method SD card data dynamic access flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is detection method flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention implements a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector and its application method and detection method, Neng Goushi
Existing binary channels spectrophotometry measures water-quality COD concentration and shows from pseudocurve by key control LCD, SD card dynamic access data function
Can, wherein master chip is STM32F103RBT6 (i.e. control unit, similarly hereinafter), coordinates each module and orderly works.
A kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, including cabinet, setting are in the intracorporal binary channels spectrophotometric of case
Measure COD module, data access module and power module and the control display module that tank surface is set, wherein described
Binary channels spectrophotometry COD module includes measuring device, control unit, signal condition amplifying circuit and double channel A/D C number
According to collector, measuring device output is connect with the input of signal condition amplifying circuit, and the output of signal condition amplifying circuit is through double
One input of channel adc data collector and control unit connects, the PWM control module output of control unit and measuring device
An input connection；The external RTC block of control unit and crystal oscillator；The data access module includes SD card data dynamic access
Module and EEPROM data cache module, SD card data dynamic access module are bi-directionally connected with control unit and host computer respectively,
The EEPROM data cache module passes through control unit with external RTC block respectively and connect with control display module；The control
Display module processed includes key module and display panel module, and the output of key module and an input of control unit connect, institute
It states EEPROM data cache module and passes through control unit respectively with external RTC block and connect with display panel module；The power supply mould
Block includes power source drive unit and voltage amplification module, and the output of power source drive unit and the input of voltage amplification module connect, electricity
The output of pressure amplification module is connect with measuring device, control unit and display panel module.
As shown in Figure 1, Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, apparatus structure includes cabinet, binary channels light splitting light
Degree measurement COD module, data access module, power module and control display module.
Wherein, it is provided with test tube fixing device on cabinet, which passes through box roof and gos deep into box house,
And the bottom of box, test tube fixing device upper end opening are fixed on by luminosity device firm banking, the test tube equipped with test agent is put
It sets in test tube fixing device.
Binary channels spectrophotometry COD module includes measuring device, control unit, signal condition amplifying circuit and bilateral
Road adc data collector, measuring device includes binary channels spectrophotometric device, optical path on-off switch, luminosity device firm banking, ultraviolet
Light source 1, ultraviolet source 2, silicon photocell sensor 1 and silicon photocell sensor 2, it is solid that binary channels spectrophotometric device is set in test tube
Determine on device, and is arranged in cabinet；The optical path on-off switch is fitted closely in binary channels spectrophotometric device inner wall of the pipe, is protected
Card can stablize trigger switch when there is reagent insertion；Ultraviolet source 1,2 is two groups with 1,2 point of silicon photocell sensor, respectively
Binary channels spectrophotometric device two sides are placed in, silicon photocell sensor is staggered relatively with ultraviolet source, improves measurement accuracy；Test tube is solid
Determine device and is used to fix test agent, optical path on-off switch for being opened and closed respective optical path in spectrophotometric device, silicon photocell sensing
Device is used to receive the faint analog current signal of absorbance, signal condition amplifying circuit is used to carry out signal the conversion of peace volt and puts
Greatly, double channel A/D C conversion module is used to measure corresponding digital signal and transfer signals to control unit.
Instrument container (cabinet) center, peripheral circuit are placed in by the integrated circuit board that core carries peripheral circuit of control unit
Including RTC block, crystal oscillator, double channel A/D C data collector, EEPROM data cache module, voltage amplification module and signal
Improve amplifying circuit；Two section 1.5v dry cell batteries at electric power driving module fixed by battery case, be embedded in instrument container bottom, warp
It crosses the voltage amplification module that is made of 1301 chips and provides the input of 5v burning voltage for ultraviolet source and be automatically performed to two kinds of wavelength
Water-quality COD measurement under light source；Optical path on-off switch is placed in outside device side wall；The SD card mould that SD card card slot and SD card are constituted
Block is placed in bottom of device；Control display module is made of display module and key module, and key module uses external soft keyboard, is shown
Show that module using LCD1602 liquid crystal display, is respectively placed in box roof upper surface；To complete multi-functional COD light splitting light jointly
Measurement effect is spent, instrument whole design is simply portable, it is conveniently used for field water quality detection on the spot, while measurement is quickly accurate, and
Measuring state real-time display control function and data dynamic access function are realized, suitable for the water-quality COD inspection in a variety of situations
It surveys.
The connection of system entirety hardware and operating mode are as follows: the input/output terminal of control unit and SD card drive module are two-way
Connection reads pass signal feedback and dynamic data access for completing SD card using SPI communication modes；Control unit is defeated
Enter end to connect with key module output end, key module indirectly controls SD card data access by control unit realization；Control
Unit output end processed is connect with LCD1602 display module input terminal, and SD card is read successfully and the successful feedback letter of data access
It number is shown on LCD1602 display screen by control unit.
Binary channels spectrophotometry COD process are as follows: test agent insertion test tube fixing device is selected according to control unit
Respective optical path, optical path on-off switch are pressed in spectrophotometric device, silicon photocell sensor measures the faint analog current of absorbance
Signal, signal conditioning circuit carries out the conversion of peace volt to signal and amplification, double channel A/D C acquisition module measure corresponding digital signal simultaneously
Transfer signals to control unit, control unit reads relevant parameter from SD card module and calculates COD value；Selection in spectrophotometric device
Corresponding optical path is completed by PWM ultraviolet source control module, and two optical paths can not open simultaneously；3v voltage source is done by two sections
Battery composition provides the input of 5v burning voltage by the voltage amplification module being made of 1301 chips for ultraviolet source.
As shown in Fig. 2, Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, circuit is mainly by binary channels spectrophotometry
COD module, control display module, data access module and power module composition.
Binary channels spectrophotometry COD module is mainly realized: the test agent insertion binary channels light splitting that resolution is completed
In luminosity device, optical path on-off switch is pressed at this time, opens corresponding path channels by key control selections and completes from quasi- song
Line and direct test function.The circuit part of binary channels spectrophotometry COD module mainly by measuring device, control unit,
Signal condition amplifying circuit and double channel A/D C data collector composition, measuring device export defeated with signal condition amplifying circuit
Enter connection, the output of signal condition amplifying circuit is connected through double channel A/D C data collector and control unit input, is controlled
The PWM control module output of unit processed and an input of measuring device connect；The external RTC block of control unit and crystal oscillator.
The binary channels spectrophotometry COD module can be automatically selected by spectrophotometric device according to control unit order logical
Disconnected respective channel is completed to measure the water-quality COD under two kinds of wavelength light sources.Wherein, selection corresponding optical path is in spectrophotometric device
Control what ultraviolet source was completed by PWM, two optical paths can not open simultaneously；The output end and control unit of optical path on-off switch
Input terminal connection, read switch information starts to measure for judging whether；The output end of key module and control unit it is defeated
Enter end connection, the process measured for realizing human-computer interaction, real-time control.
It can be seen in fig. 2 that be electrically connected with control unit have voltage amplification module, LCD1602 display screen, key module,
SD card data access module, EEPROM cache module, double channel A/D C data collector, outside RTC, external crystal-controlled oscillation, 420nm/
620nm ultraviolet source；Signal condition amplifying circuit is electrically connected with binary channels ADC module；LCD1602 display screen and ultraviolet simultaneously
Light source is powered by a power supply module and directly powers after voltage amplification module transformation；The simulation letter of silicon photocell sensor module acquisition
Number after peace volt translation filtering amplification (signal condition amplification) etc. is handled, number is converted by double channel A/D C data collector
Voltage signal, and further give to control unit；SD card data access module is connect with host computer.The acquisition of double channel A/D C data
The output end of device and the input terminal of control unit connect, for sending AD conversion data；The output end of external RTC block and control
The input terminal of unit connects, and provides time scale for system；The input terminal of LCD1602 display module and the output end of control unit
The real-time display of measuring state and data is realized in connection.
Control unit input terminal is connect with key module output end, and key module is realized by control unit to SD card data
Access indirectly controls；Control unit output end is connect with LCD1602 display module input terminal, and SD card is read successfully and data
Successful feedback signal is accessed to be shown on LCD1602 display screen by control unit.EEPROM data cache module and control
The input/output terminal of unit is bi-directionally connected, the access for time of measuring scale.
Control display module includes key module and display panel module, and main to realize: time of measuring measures process and shape
State, fit curve equation parameter, the real-time display of measurement data, and process and state control are measured using key module.
Data access module includes SD card data dynamic access module and EEPROM data cache module, SD card data dynamic
Access module is mainly used for realizing the access of time of measuring, data and measurement parameter and the permanent unlimited preservation of data, side
Convenient for data processing under line and direct, repeatedly measurement；Measurement needs the data stored and relevant information to be stored in SD every time
Block under User1 file, the parameter and relevant information of new fit curve equation are stored under SD card User2 file, store information
Host computer display processing can be connected with card reader；Its circuit is mainly made of driving circuit in SD card and plate；It is driven on the plate
Dynamic circuit and the input/output terminal of control unit are bi-directionally connected, using SPI data transfer mode dynamic access data.The SD card
Dynamic access module can be completed at the same time the write functionality to data, and can be written when needing to be written new data with on-line selection
The position of data, to determine whether to carry out data cover to former data.
The EEPROM data cache module and external RTC block pass through control unit and LCD1602 display screen mould respectively
Block connection is passed the time scale value read from EEPROM data cache module and outside RTC using IIC data transfer mode
Defeated to show to LCD1602 display screen, the 5v voltage output of the LCD1602 display panel module connection voltage amplification module is being surveyed
Display different content composition is controlled according to key module during amount.
Power module includes electric power driving module and voltage amplification module, wherein electric power driving module is done by two section 1.5v
Battery composition, voltage amplification module convert 3.3v and 5v for 3v voltage and export, the 3.3v output end of voltage amplification module and control
Unit power input connection processed, provides chip operation normal voltage.
As shown in figure 3, the channel one of binary channels spectrophotometric device is vertically arranged with channel two, the silicon photoelectricity in one outside of channel
Pond sensor 1 successively connects after OPA2336UA pacifies volt conversion amplification, the channel ADC1 8 acquires with the input terminal of STM32F103RBT6
It connects, the ultraviolet source 1 of one other side of channel is connect with the PWM module of control unit；The silicon photocell sensor 2 in two outside of channel
It is successively connect after OPA2336UA pacifies volt conversion amplification, the channel ADC1 9 acquires with the input terminal of STM32F103RBT6, channel two
The ultraviolet source 2 of the other side is connect with the PWM module of control unit.
As shown in Figure 4-8, a kind of application method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, comprising the following steps:
(1) electric power starting, system complete each module initialization；
(2) control of control display module opens COD measurement, selects measurement pattern and show measuring state；
As shown in figure 5, specifically includes the following steps:
(21) key control is pressed, is carried out according to EEPROM and outside RTC initialization time value by key control
Enter the first stage by key control, by the data cached initialization time value of EEPROM, key adjustment calibration is current
Time obtains simultaneously renewal time from external RTC, passes through LCD1602 display screen real-time display；It, can be through after initialization time scale
Cross key module actively modification calibration current time value；System obtains renewal time value from external RTC in real time and is saved in real time
In EEPROM caching, time scale is reinitialized according to the data newly saved after power down or cycle power, carries out power down guarantor
Shield eliminates the link that the time is recalibrated in booting every time, facilitates the simple and practical performance of instrument；
(22) LCD1602 display screen is shown, key selects different measuring range parameters
Enter second stage by key control, show different measuring range parameters using LCD1602 display screen, is needed according to measurement logical
Cross key selection light sources with different wavelengths and optical path；The every transmission once command of key module, controlled unit are performed after receiving
Every single stepping and its effect all can real-time display on LCD1602 display screen, user can provide current according to display module
The next step operation that measuring state selection instrument needs to be implemented；
(23) key control is pressed, starts to measure
Key selection enters measuring phases, and control unit reads the parameter value of work at present curve from SD card；
(24) LCD1602 display screen shows, measures process by key control
Process is measured by key control, LCD1602 display screen real-time display measurement data carries out data by key online
Screening editor；It is influenced by external environment, operation error, repeatedly measurement is possible to wrong data occur, larger there is error
Measurement data when, the DELETE key that user can press the button module deletes wrong data, avoid wrong data influence it is whole
Bulk measurement data result reduces measurement error；Theoretically measurement can carry out infinitely, until pressing EXIT key back to homepage
Face, during which the data of each correct measurement can be all saved in SD card.
(3) binary channels spectrophotometry COD module starts COD measurement；
As shown in fig. 6, specifically includes the following steps:
(31) start to measure COD value
Turn on the power switch, button control system enters measuring state, reset by all measurement parameters of key control, device into
Enter and measure wait state, PWM controls respective channel ultraviolet source and opens, and power input 3v voltage is purple by voltage amplification module
Outer light source provides 5v burning voltage, and when reagent being inserted into the test tube fixing device of binary channels spectrophotometric device, optical path on-off is opened
Pass is pressed, and light is radiated at the optical signal receiving end of corresponding silicon photocell through reagent；Wherein, two path channels are placed in
Binary channels spectrophotometric device away from bottom end one third at, when guaranteeing measurement ultraviolet light must can be across solution to be measured, two light
Paths are disposed vertically；
(32) silicon photocell sensor converts the other analog current signal of microampere order for the illuminance received and is transferred to
Signal condition amplifying circuit, signal condition amplifying circuit convert the signal to the analog voltage signal between 0-3.3v and are input to piece
Upper ADC collector is converted into digital signal, and absorbance calculation formula is as follows:
Absij=Abs0i-Abs1ij(i=0,1, j=0,1 ... n) (1)；
Wherein, AbsijThe absorbance of jth time measurement under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i, Abs1ijIt is 0 for corresponding i
Or the illuminance of the jth time measurement under 1 two kinds of light sources, Abs0iBlank is tried under correspondence i to measure in advance is 0 or 1 two kind of light source
The maximum illuminance of agent；Wherein, signal condition amplifying circuit is mainly made of OPA2336UA chip, and circuit passes silicon photocell
The other current signal of the microampere order that sensor measures is converted into voltage signal, simultaneously amplifies 106Times, control voltage 0-3.3v it
Between, facilitate next step adc data to acquire；Illuminance and silicon photocell sensor output current value are proportional, therefore:
Wherein, VIFor input analog voltage value, k, l are proportionality coefficient, and R is transfer resistance, and i is input analog current, Abs
The illuminance measured for silicon photocell sensor；
Double channel A/D C data collector uses STM32 on piece high-precision adc, has 12 acquisition precisions, using gradually forcing
Close signal acquisition method, sampling time are 239.5 periods, while enabling the channel on piece ADC1 8, channel 9 and using the side DMA
Formula realizes double-channel signal acquisition；Wherein, ADC is converted to the formula of digital voltage are as follows:
VO=Vc*(3.3/4096) (3)；
VcFor ADC rule conversion value, VOOutput voltage is converted for ADC, for being transmitted at the further data of control unit
Reason；
(33) water-quality COD can be calculated by the matched curve about absorbance, and COD calculation formula is as follows:
cij=ai*Absij+bi(i=0,1, j=1,2 ... n) (4)；
Wherein, cijThe COD value of jth time measurement under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i, AbsijIt is 0 or 1 liang for corresponding i
The absorbance value of jth time measurement under kind light source, ai、biThe parameter value of matched curve under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i.
(4) control display module selection measurement terminates or recycles measurement；
As shown in fig. 7, SD card data dynamic access, comprising the following steps:
(41) key selection entered from the pseudocurve stage, and the standard reagent of the multiple known COD concentration of insertion measures it respectively
Absorbance value, while corresponding COD numerical value is inputted, multiple groups test data is obtained, experiment curv is fitted using least square method, is obtained
To ai、bi, SD card User2 file internal pointer be directed toward file storage data end address, store a measuredi、biValue；It is right every time
Before User2 file in SD card executes data writing operation, system will traverse data in file, and pointer is directed toward in file
Data end address ensure that each write operation will not cover legacy data；During from pseudocurve, for the purposes of avoiding mistake
Accidentally the influence that data measure univers parameter, user can press DELETE key deletion error data；
(42) key selection enters direct test phase, and SD card User2 file internal pointer is directed toward file storage data end
Address is held, control unit reads the parameters of formula that last time measurement saves out of SD card；To SD card executed each read-write operation it
After opened file will be closed, SD card paper work area's pointer is reset, and facilitates progress SD card read-write operation next time；
(43) curvilinear equation obtained using fitting completes the measurement to test agent, every to have surveyed a correct data, presses
Key control saves the data informations such as time, parameter value, absorbance and the COD value of this measurement to the end of SD card User1 file；
The process that measurement data is written is similar with the process of write-in from pseudocurve parameter, and N number of measurement can be continuously written into one-shot measurement
Data and information.
As shown in figure 8, a kind of detection method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, measuring for different quality is needed
It asks and water-quality COD concentration is quickly detected using different wave length, directly measurement may be selected or from quasi- experiment curv mode, guarantee different water
The measuring speed and precision repeatedly measured under matter environment；Using by key control measure process, liquid crystal display real-time display measurement data,
Simplify measuring process and reduces measurement error；SD card module is introduced, permanently unlimited storing data, real-time dynamic read/write data are convenient
It is handled under the online access of data and line.
Specifically includes the following steps:
(1) selection starts after measuring and this being selected to measure the optical channel used, and system is bent into directly test and from intending
Line options stage, display screen show TEST and two options of WKC, and user can select as needed WKC from pseudocurve option, again
Matched curve obtains being suitable for current measurement lower one group new curvilinear equation parameter of environment, also can choose TEST and directly tests choosing
, it is measured with existing equation parameter, the latter is more biased towards in this measurement with last time measurement in the same ring of same water quality
In the case of under border or with the multiple measurement once tested；
(2) system enters circulation standby mode, until reset key be pressed and system detection to optical path on-off switch be closed,
System carries out first time measurement, and the absorbance value that silicon photocell sensor is received is passed in control unit；
(3) if having selected direct measurement pattern, system reads existing COD calculation formula parameter value out of SD card,
Directly carry out the COD value that this measurement is calculated；If having selected to need user to pass through key-press input from pseudocurve mode
The COD value of this measurement；
(4) whether key module has input stop signal to system detection, under direct measurement pattern, if input validation signal
ENT then continues to measure next group, if input stop signal EXIT, saves all measurement data and then returns to homepage；From
Under pseudocurve mode, if input validation signal ENT, continue to measure next group, if input stop signal EXIT, basis
The each group COD value of the multiple groups absorbance value and input that have measured calculates the calculation formula parameter value of this matched curve, and will
Its end for being stored in User2 file in SD card, simultaneity factor return to TEST directly test and WKC from pseudocurve select the page,
User can return to homepage by EXIT key at this time, also can choose any one in TEST or WKC and repeat the above step
Suddenly.
In short, the present invention realizes multi-functional spectrophotometry COD, state-detection regulation and SD card data using STM32
Dynamic access function, multi-functional spectrophotometry COD help to better adapt to a variety of measurement environment, reduce secondary pollution,
It measures more accurate quick；State-detection regulation help that human-computer interaction is better achieved, make measuring state it is more controllable, measurement
Process is simple and fast；SD card data dynamic access facilitate on line directly repeatedly measurement and time scale, from pseudocurve formula
Parameter, the permanent unlimited storage of measurement data, in order to data processing under line；Whole instrument price is cheap, small in size to be easy to take
Band, easy to operate, measurement process rapid and convenient preferably adapt to actual needs and the personal and market demand.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, it is characterised in that: including cabinet, be arranged in the intracorporal binary channels of case
Spectrophotometry COD module, data access module and power module and the control display module that tank surface is set,
In,
The binary channels spectrophotometry COD module includes measuring device, control unit, signal condition amplifying circuit and bilateral
Road adc data collector, measuring device output connect with the input of signal condition amplifying circuit, signal condition amplifying circuit it is defeated
Input connection out through double channel A/D C data collector and control unit, the output of PWM control module and survey of control unit
Measure the input connection of device；The external RTC block of control unit and crystal oscillator；
The data access module includes SD card data dynamic access module and EEPROM data cache module, SD card data dynamic
Access module is bi-directionally connected with control unit and host computer respectively, the EEPROM data cache module and external RTC block point
Not Tong Guo control unit with control display module connect；
The control display module includes key module and display panel module, and one of the output of key module and control unit is defeated
Enter connection, the EEPROM data cache module passes through control unit with external RTC block respectively and connect with display panel module；
The power module includes electric power driving module and voltage amplification module, output and the voltage amplification mould of electric power driving module
Block input connection, the output of voltage amplification module are connect with measuring device, control unit and display panel module.
2. a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the cabinet
It is provided with test tube fixing device, which is fixed on the bottom of box, test tube fixing device upper end by firm banking
Opening, the test tube equipped with test agent are placed in test tube fixing device；
The measuring device includes binary channels spectrophotometric device, optical path on-off switch, first light source, second light source, the first silicon light
Battery sensor and the second silicon photocell sensor, the binary channels spectrophotometric device is set on test tube fixing device, and is set
It sets in cabinet, the optical path on-off switch is arranged in test tube fixing device inner sidewall, and the binary channels spectrophotometric device includes
First passage and second channel, the first light source and second light source are respectively arranged on the adjacency channel of first passage and second channel
Mouthful outside, first silicon photocell sensor and the second silicon photocell sensor are located at first passage and second channel
On the outside of another passway.
3. a kind of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the display screen
Module is LCD1602 display panel module, and the time scale value read from EEPROM data cache module and outside RTC uses
IIC data transfer mode is transferred to LCD1602 display screen and shows, the LCD1602 display panel module connects voltage amplification module
5v voltage output.
4. the application method of any one of the claim 1-3 Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
(1) electric power starting, system complete each module initialization；
(2) control of control display module opens COD measurement, selects measurement pattern and show measuring state；
(3) binary channels spectrophotometry COD module completes COD measurement；
(4) control display module selection measurement terminates or recycles measurement.
5. a kind of application method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The step (2) the following steps are included:
(21) enter the first stage by key control, key module completes measurement process basis instrument, and control unit passes through EEPROM
Data cached initialization time value, key adjustment calibration current time, simultaneously renewal time is obtained from external RTC, by aobvious in real time
Display screen real-time display；
(22) enter second stage by key control, show different measuring range parameters using display screen, according to measurement needs, control unit
It selects to open light sources with different wavelengths and optical path by key；
(23) key-press input control selections enter measuring phases, and control unit is worked as using SPI data transfer mode from SD card reading
The parameter value of preceding matched curve；
(24) key-press input controls measurement process, display screen real-time display measuring state and data, by key-press input to data
Carry out online screening editor.
6. a kind of application method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The step (3) the following steps are included:
(31) it turns on the power switch, instrument enters measuring state, resets by key control, and device enters measurement wait state, 3v electricity
Source voltage provides 5v burning voltage by voltage amplifier circuit for ultraviolet source, when being inserted into test agent, optical path on-off switch
It is pressed, control unit control PWM opens respective channel ultraviolet source, and light is radiated at corresponding silicon photoelectricity through reagent
The optical signal receiving end of pond sensor；
(32) silicon photocell sensor converts the other analog current signal of microampere order for the illuminance received and is transferred to signal
Amplifying circuit is improved, signal condition amplifying circuit converts the signal to the analog voltage signal between 0-3.3v and is input to binary channels
Adc data collector module converter is digital signal, and absorbance calculation formula is as follows:
Absij=Abs0i-Abs1ij(i=0,1, j=1,2 ... n)；
Wherein, AbsijThe absorbance of jth time measurement under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i, Abs1ijIt is 0 or 1 liang for corresponding i
The illuminance of jth time measurement under kind light source, Abs0iInsertion blank examination under correspondence i to measure in advance is 0 or 1 two kind of light source
The optical path maximum illuminance of agent；
(33) water-quality COD value is calculated by the matched curve about absorbance, is known water-quality COD according to langbobier law and is inhaled
Luminosity is in a linear relationship, and COD calculation formula is as follows:
cij=ai*Absij+bi(i=0,1, j=1,2 ... n)；
Wherein, cijThe COD value of jth time measurement under being 0 or 1 two kind of light source for corresponding i, AbsijIt is 0 or 1 two kind of light for corresponding i
The absorbance value of jth time measurement under source, ai、biRespectively correspond to the parameter value that i is matched curve under 0 or 1 two kind of light source.
7. a kind of application method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The step (4) the following steps are included:
(41) key selection entered from the pseudocurve stage, is inserted into multiple standard reagents and measures its absorbance respectively, while key is defeated
Enter corresponding COD value, obtain multiple groups standard test data, experiment curv is fitted using least square method, obtains formula ai、biValue,
SD card User2 file internal pointer is directed toward file storage data end address simultaneously, stores the formula a measuredi、biValue；
(42) key-press input selection enters direct measuring phases, and SD card User2 file internal pointer is directed toward file storage data end
Address is held, control unit reads a saved from pseudocurve last time out of SD cardi、biValue；
(43) it completes to measure the COD of test agent using the curvilinear equation that fitting obtains, it is every to have surveyed a correct data, key
Control saves the data information of this time measured, parameter value, absorbance and COD value to the end of SD card User1 file, and
Existing measurement data originally will not be covered.
8. a kind of application method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
It is set in the step (41) and a certain path channels is measured, had N number of standard reagent, accordingly measure N number of Abs value xi, key is defeated
Enter N number of COD value yi, the curvilinear equation of target fitting:
Φi=a*xi+ b (i=1,2 ... N)；
The N group data measured are substituted into curvilinear equation respectively and are calculated: Φ1,Φ2,...ΦN；
Error sum of squares are as follows:To ask a, b value to make J minimum, the necessary condition of extreme value need to be only utilizedThe system of linear equations about a, b is obtained, and then acquires corresponding a, b value.
9. according to a kind of described in any item application methods of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector of claim 4-8,
It is characterized in that, when key is skipped the curve matching stage, and selection directly measures, control unit reads last time survey directly from SD card
The parameter of curve that amount saves carries out repeatedly continuous measurement；When large error occur in the data that experiment measures, then the secondary measurement
It is considered as wrong measurement, the data of this time measurement is deleted by key control, continues to measure since the position that last measurement terminates.
10. a kind of detection method of Multifunctional water Portable rapid detector, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selection starts after measuring and this being selected to measure the optical channel used, and system enters directly test and selects with from pseudocurve
It selects the stage, display screen shows TEST and two options of WKC, and then selection WKC is from pseudocurve option as needed, and fitting is bent again
Line obtains being suitable for current measurement lower one group new curvilinear equation parameter of environment, or selection TEST directly tests option, with now
Some equation parameters measure, the latter be more biased towards in this measurement with last time measurement under the same environment of same water quality or
In the case of the multiple measurement once tested；
(2) system enters circulation standby mode, until reset key be pressed and system detection to optical path on-off switch be closed, system
First time measurement is carried out, the absorbance value that silicon photocell sensor is received is passed in control unit；
(3) if having selected direct measurement pattern, system reads existing COD calculation formula parameter value out of SD card, directly
Carry out the COD value that this measurement is calculated；If having selected to need from pseudocurve mode through this measurement of key-press input
COD value；
(4) whether key module has input stop signal to system detection, under direct measurement pattern, if input validation signal ENT,
Then continue to measure next group, if input stop signal EXIT, saves all measurement data and then return to homepage；From quasi- song
Under ray mode, if input validation signal ENT, continue to measure next group, if input stop signal EXIT, basis have been surveyed
The each group COD value of the multiple groups absorbance value and input that obtain calculates the calculation formula parameter value of this matched curve, and is protected
There are the end of User2 file in SD card, simultaneity factor return to TEST directly test and WKC from pseudocurve select the page, then
Homepage is returned to by EXIT key, or selection any one of TEST or WKC repeat above step.
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Application publication date: 20181207 |
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