CN108956300B - Online testing device and testing method for global deformation in contact imprinting of tire tread rubber material - Google Patents
Online testing device and testing method for global deformation in contact imprinting of tire tread rubber material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an online testing device and a testing method for global deformation in a tire tread rubber material contact print, wherein the online testing device comprises a supporting platform, a linear loading adjusting mechanism, a rotary loading adjusting mechanism, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism and a visual detection system, wherein the linear loading adjusting mechanism and the visual detection system are fixedly connected to the supporting platform according to a certain position relationship; the device can completely simulate the stress deformation of the tread rubber material in the contact print under various working conditions of the tire, solves the problems that the single-point contact measurement mode in the contact print of the tread rubber material of the existing tire is difficult to realize, the error of the test result is large and the global deformation characteristic of the tread rubber material in the contact print cannot be obtained by a non-contact vision measurement method, and has the characteristics of simple structure and easy control and adjustment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tire tread rubber material mechanical property testing, and particularly relates to an online tire tread rubber material global deformation testing device in a contact print under actual operation conditions and a visual global deformation testing method based on the device.
Background
Tires are one of important parts of automobiles, are stressed supporting bodies on vehicles and various force transmission parts, and the performance of the tires directly influences the service performance of the vehicles. The rigidity of the tire is one of important service performances of the tire, and directly affects the power performance, economy, steering stability, riding comfort and safety of the whole vehicle. Tire tread rubber materials are an important component of the tire, and are the only parts that are in direct contact with the ground, which have a direct important impact on the rigidity of the tire. In daily use of a vehicle, the deformation of the tire contact footprint inner tread rubber mainly comprises: extrusion deformation, shearing deformation and compression-shear coupling deformation, and the deformation characteristics in the tire tread rubber contact imprinting under different working conditions are reflected by adjusting the side deflection angle and vertical load of the tire.
At present, the tire tread rubber material contact footprint inner deformation testing device is mainly divided into a tire tread inner detection device and a tire tread outer detection device. Detection device in tire tread: the method for obtaining the overall deformation of the tire tread and the tire body in the tire contact footprint is realized by fixing a resistance strain gauge in the tire tread or optically detecting the change of the inner surface of the tire tread, and the problems of the detection device in the tire tread are that: the deformation of the tread rubber material in the contact print is equal to the total deformation obtained by testing minus the deformation of the tire body, and the tire body deformation has nonlinear characteristics, so that the obtained tread rubber deformation in the contact print has great error, meanwhile, the construction difficulty of the testing device is great, the testing data is easy to be interfered by the outside, the later data processing is difficult, and the error of the deformation structure of the obtained tread rubber material is great; tire tread outer detection device: the strain gauge is arranged on the surface of the tire tread material, an electric signal is acquired through the wireless transmission device, deformation data in the tire tread rubber contact print is acquired after post treatment, and the tire tread outer detection device has the following problems: the deformation of the tire tread rubber is limited by the working condition of the tire, the tire tread rubber can only be completed under the given specific rotating speed or load, and meanwhile, the deformation characteristic in the contact print of the single-point tire tread rubber can only be obtained by the limitation detection of the strain gauge, and the deformation characteristic of the whole tire tread rubber in the contact print cannot be expressed.
Accordingly, there is a need for an on-line testing device for global deformation within a tire tread rubber material contact footprint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an online testing device and a testing method for global deformation in a tire tread rubber material contact print, which completely simulate the global deformation in the tire tread rubber material contact print under the actual use condition of a tire, realize non-contact detection of the global deformation in the tire contact print by a visual detection method, comprehensively analyze acquired global deformation data of the tire tread rubber and angular displacement, pressure and torque data acquired by various sensors, acquire the distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact print under the actual operation condition of the tire, and have the characteristics of strong stability, simple testing method and online detection of the global in the tire tread rubber contact print.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a global deformation on-line measuring device in tire tread rubber material contact imprinting, includes supporting platform 1, sharp load adjustment mechanism 2, rotatory load adjustment mechanism 3, visual detection system 4, self-adaptation clamping mechanism 6, pressure sensor 7, torque sensor 8 and computer, sharp load adjustment mechanism 2 pass through support piece 213 and fix on supporting platform 1, visual detection system 4 pass through supporting seat 410 and fix on supporting platform 1, rotatory load adjustment mechanism 3 pass through fixed bolster 31 and the connecting plate 210 fixed connection of sharp load adjustment mechanism 2, torque sensor 8 fix on supporting platform, pressure sensor 7 fixed connection just torque sensor 8 top, self-adaptation clamping mechanism 6 fixed connection just in pressure sensor 7 top, the optical axis of camera 41 and light source 48 of visual detection system 4, the axis of the turbine worm revolving stage 32 of rotatory load adjustment mechanism 3 and the central line of tire tread rubber sample 5 be same straight line, angle encoder 21, magnetic scale corner sensor 39, pressure sensor 7 and torque sensor 8 pass through the data card respectively and be connected with computer 23 and computer drive 36 and computer control connection respectively, the computer is connected with the computer 41 and is connected. The rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 consists of a fixed bracket 31, a worm and gear turntable 32, a magnetic ruler 33, a supporting disk 34, a high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35, a rotary motor 36, a sensor bracket 38 and a magnetic ruler corner sensor 39 which are fixedly connected with a connecting plate 210; the fixed bolster 31 is fixed connection with the stator of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32, magnetic scale 33 and supporting disk 34 fixed connection, ring shape supporting disk 34 and high strength withstand voltage transparent glass board 35 are fixed connection with the rotor of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32 in proper order, the diameter of high strength withstand voltage transparent glass board 35 is greater than supporting disk 34 inner ring diameter, rotating electrical machines 36 pass through shaft coupling 37 and worm pivot fixed connection of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32, sensor support 38 and the stator fixed connection of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32, sensor support 38 and magnetic scale corner sensor 39 fixed connection, magnetic scale corner sensor 39 and magnetic scale 33 clearance keep in 0.5mm ~2 mm's scope. A speckle image of the contact surface of the clear tire tread rubber 5 is acquired on a computer screen through a high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2 comprises an angle encoder 21, a motor 23, a driving synchronous pulley 24, a driven synchronous pulley 26, a screw bearing seat 27, a screw 28, a sliding block 29, a connecting plate 210, a screw 211, a trapezoid linear slide rail 212 and a supporting piece 213; the angle encoder 21 and the motor 23 are fixedly connected to one side of the supporting piece 213 through the support 22, a corresponding hole site on the angle encoder 21 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the motor 23, the driving synchronous pulley 24 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the motor 23, the driving synchronous pulley 24 is connected with the driven synchronous pulley 26 on the other side of the supporting plate through the synchronous toothed belt 25 penetrating through the through hole on the supporting piece 213, the driven synchronous pulley 26 is fixedly connected with the lead screw 28, the upper lead screw bearing seat 27 and the lower lead screw bearing seat 27 form a rotating pair with the lead screw 28, the lead screw bearing seat 27 is fixedly connected with the supporting piece 213, the lead screw 28 is in threaded connection with the screw 211, the screw 211 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 210, the sliding block 29 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 210, the trapezoid linear sliding rail 212 and the sliding block 29 form a moving pair, and the trapezoid linear sliding rail 212 is fixedly connected with the supporting piece 213.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the visual inspection system 4 is composed of a camera 41, a camera bracket 42, an adjusting bolt 43, an adjusting nut 44, a contact pad 45, a light source bracket 46, a light source supporting rod 47, a light source 48, a supporting rod 49, a supporting seat 410 and a supporting rod positioning bolt 413; the camera 41 on fixedly connected with camera 414, camera 41 is connected with contact pad 45 contact that arranges about, adjusting bolt 43 passes the rectangular through-hole of camera support 42 both sides and contact pad 45 threaded connection, adjusting nut 44 and adjusting bolt 43 threaded connection, camera support 42 and bracing piece 49 constitute the revolute pair, camera support 42 passes through camera positioning bolt 411 to be fixed on bracing piece 49, light source support 46 and bracing piece 49 constitute the revolute pair, light source support 46 passes through light source positioning bolt 412 screw thread to be connected with bracing piece 49, symmetrical arrangement's light source bracing piece 47 and light source support 46 pass through light source bracing piece positioning bolt 415 fixed connection, bracing piece 49 and supporting seat 410 constitute the revolute pair, supporting seat 410 and supporting platform 1 fixed connection, bracing piece positioning bolt 413 and supporting seat 410 threaded connection.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism 6 is composed of a trapezoidal guide block 61, a spring 62, a support plate 63, a pre-tightening bolt 64, a lock nut 65 and a clamping bracket 66, wherein the symmetrically arranged trapezoidal guide block 61 and the clamping bracket 66 form a linear moving pair, the clamping bracket 66 is fixedly connected with the symmetrically arranged support plate 63, the spring 62 is sleeved on the pre-tightening bolt 64, the central line of the spring is coincident, one side end surface of the spring 62 is contacted with the trapezoidal guide block 61, the other side end surface of the spring 62 is contacted with the support plate 63, the pre-tightening bolt 64 is in threaded connection with the support plate 63, the cylindrical surface of the pre-tightening bolt 64 and a hole site corresponding to the trapezoidal guide block 61 form a rotating pair, the end surface of the lock nut 65 is contacted with the outer side end surface of the support plate 63, and the lock nut 65 is in threaded connection with the pre-tightening bolt 64.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an online testing method for global deformation in contact footprint based on said tyre tread rubber material, comprising the steps of:
(1) Spraying paint scattering textures on the contact surface according to the shape of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and naturally drying;
(2) Adjusting the self-adaptive clamping mechanism 6 to complete positioning and clamping of the tire tread rubber sample 5 containing the speckle texture characteristics;
(3) Adjusting the optical axes of the camera 41 and the light source 48 of the visual detection system 4, the axis of the turbine worm turntable 32 of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 and the geometric center line of the tire tread rubber sample 5 to make the three axes collinear, and fixedly connecting the support 213 of the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2, the torque sensor 8 and the support seat 410 of the visual detection system 4 with the support platform 1 respectively;
(4) Sequentially adjusting imaging distances of the camera support 42 and the light source support 46 of the visual detection system 4, and acquiring a speckle image of the contact surface of the clear tire tread rubber 5 on a computer screen through the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 under the action of the camera 41, wherein the imaging focal length of the whole lens 414 and the light intensity of the light source 48;
(5) The camera 41 is used for obtaining the speckle image of the tire tread rubber sample 5 on a computer and then carrying out image calibration;
(6) All deformations of the tread rubber sample 5 under actual use conditions of the tire are achieved by controlling the motor 23 of the linear load adjusting mechanism 2 and the rotating motor 36 of the rotary load adjusting mechanism 3, namely: extrusion deformation, shear deformation and compression-shear coupling deformation.
(7) The resolution and frame rate of the camera 41 are adjusted according to the deformation characteristics of the tire tread rubber sample 5 under the test tire condition. In the working condition implementation process of step 6, the acquisition of the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 according to the time sequence is synchronously completed through the camera 41 and the computer at every preset time interval. At the same time, the angular displacement, pressure and torque data are acquired during the deformation of the tire tread sample 5 by the angle encoder 21, the magnetic scale rotation angle sensor 39, the pressure sensor 7 and the torque sensor 8.
(8) And comparing and analyzing the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the current moment with the global deformation image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the previous moment through a digital image template matching technology to acquire global strain information of the tire tread rubber 5 at the adjacent moment, and acquiring the deformation of the tire tread rubber 5 by combining the previous calibration image.
(9) And comprehensively analyzing the acquired angular displacement, pressure, torque data and deformation data of the tire tread rubber 5 to acquire the distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact footprint under the actual running condition of the tire.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can acquire the distribution of the deformation characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact print under the actual running condition of the tire, solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the construction difficulty of the tire in-plane testing device is high, the tire testing condition is limited, the deformation characteristics in the single-point tire tread rubber contact print can only be acquired, the testing data is easy to be interfered by the outside, the later data is difficult to process and the acquired tire tread rubber material deformation structure error is large, and realizes the online detection of the global deformation characteristics in the closed area in the tire tread rubber contact print. The non-contact detection method has the advantages of simple control, easy realization of structure and simple and convenient mechanism adjustment, and completely simulates the non-contact detection of the tire tread rubber deformation characteristic and the global deformation characteristic distribution under the actual tire use condition.
The testing device can be suitable for various tire tread rubber materials, including vehicle tires such as passenger cars, commercial vehicles, engineering vehicles, motorcycles and the like and aircraft tires, and the testing device is only required to be adjusted according to actual use conditions of the tire tread rubber to be tested.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of the apparatus for on-line testing global deformations within contact patches of a tire tread rubber material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the in-line testing device for global deformation in the contact footprint of the tire tread rubber material of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a linear load adjustment mechanism of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the linear load adjustment mechanism of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a rotary load adjustment mechanism of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a front view of a rotary load adjustment mechanism of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a visual inspection system of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view B-B of a front view of the visual inspection system of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of an adaptive clamping mechanism of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view C-C of a top view of the adaptive clamping mechanism of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the press deformation test structure of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a shear deformation test structure of the test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a compression-shear coupling deformation test of the test device of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a contact surface speckle image of a tread rubber specimen 5 in a tire contact footprint taken at time t=0 by the test apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a graph of the test device of the present invention taken at t=t 0 A contact surface speckle image of the tread rubber sample 5 in the tire contact footprint at the moment;
FIG. 16 is single point tire tread deformation data obtained by a fixed resistance strain gauge detection method on tread rubber sample 5;
FIG. 17 is a graph of the test device of the present invention taken at time t 0 The whole deformation distribution of the contact surface of the tire contact imprinting inner tire tread rubber sample 5;
fig. 18 is a global deformation distribution of the contact surface of the tire contact footprint inner tread rubber sample 5 obtained by the testing device of the present invention at time t.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides an online testing device for global deformation in contact imprinting of tire tread rubber materials, which comprises a supporting platform 1, a linear loading adjusting mechanism 2, a rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3, a visual detection system 4, an adaptive clamping mechanism 6, a pressure sensor 7, a torque sensor 8 and a computer, wherein the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2 is fixed on the supporting platform 1 through a supporting piece 213, the visual detection system 4 is fixed on the supporting platform 1 through a supporting seat 410, the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 210 of the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2 through a fixed bracket 31, the torque sensor 8 is fixed on the supporting platform, the torque sensor 7 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the torque sensor 8, the adaptive clamping mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the pressure sensor 7, the optical axis of the visual detection system 4, the axis of a worm gear 32 of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 and the central line of a tire tread rubber sample 5 are the same, the angle encoder 21, the magnetic scale corner sensor 39, the pressure sensor 7 and the computer are respectively connected with the camera 41 and the computer through a data acquisition computer 36 through a data acquisition computer and a communication program 48.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the linear load adjusting mechanism 2 includes an angle encoder 21, a motor 23, a driving synchronous pulley 24, a driven synchronous pulley 26, a screw bearing seat 27, a screw 28, a slider 29, a connecting plate 210, a screw 211, a trapezoidal linear slide rail 212 and a support 213; the angle encoder 21 and the motor 23 are fixedly connected to one side of the supporting piece 213 through the support 22, a corresponding hole site on the angle encoder 21 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the motor 23, the driving synchronous pulley 24 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the motor 23, the driving synchronous pulley 24 is connected with the driven synchronous pulley 26 on the other side of the supporting plate through the synchronous toothed belt 25 penetrating through the through hole on the supporting piece 213, the driven synchronous pulley 26 is fixedly connected with the lead screw 28, the upper lead screw bearing seat 27 and the lower lead screw bearing seat 27 form a rotating pair with the lead screw 28, the lead screw bearing seat 27 is fixedly connected with the supporting piece 213, the lead screw 28 is in threaded connection with the screw 211, the screw 211 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 210, the sliding block 29 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 210, the trapezoid linear sliding rail 212 and the sliding block 29 form a moving pair, and the trapezoid linear sliding rail 212 is fixedly connected with the supporting piece 213.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 is composed of a fixed bracket 31 fixedly connected with a connecting plate 210, a worm gear turntable 32, a magnetic scale 33, a supporting disk 34, a high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35, a rotary motor 36, a sensor bracket 38 and a magnetic scale rotation angle sensor 39; the fixed bolster 31 is fixed connection with the stator of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32, magnetic scale 33 and supporting disk 34 fixed connection, ring shape supporting disk 34 and high strength withstand voltage transparent glass board 35 are fixed connection with the rotor of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32 in proper order, the diameter of high strength withstand voltage transparent glass board 35 is greater than supporting disk 34 inner ring diameter, rotating electrical machines 36 pass through shaft coupling 37 and worm pivot fixed connection of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32, sensor support 38 and the stator fixed connection of worm wheel and worm revolving stage 32, sensor support 38 and magnetic scale corner sensor 39 fixed connection, magnetic scale corner sensor 39 and magnetic scale 33 clearance keep in 0.5mm ~2 mm's scope.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the visual inspection system 4 is composed of a camera 41, a camera bracket 42, an adjusting bolt 43, an adjusting nut 44, a contact pad 45, a light source bracket 46, a light source supporting rod 47, a light source 48, a supporting rod 49, a supporting seat 410 and a supporting rod positioning bolt 413; the camera 41 on fixedly connected with camera 414, camera 41 is connected with contact pad 45 contact that arranges about, adjusting bolt 43 passes the rectangular through-hole of camera support 42 both sides and contact pad 45 threaded connection, adjusting nut 44 and adjusting bolt 43 threaded connection, camera support 42 and bracing piece 49 constitute the revolute pair, camera support 42 passes through camera positioning bolt 411 to be fixed on bracing piece 49, light source support 46 and bracing piece 49 constitute the revolute pair, light source support 46 passes through light source positioning bolt 412 screw thread to be connected with bracing piece 49, symmetrical arrangement's light source bracing piece 47 and light source support 46 pass through light source bracing piece positioning bolt 415 fixed connection, bracing piece 49 and supporting seat 410 constitute the revolute pair, supporting seat 410 and supporting platform 1 fixed connection, bracing piece positioning bolt 413 and supporting seat 410 threaded connection.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism 6 is composed of a trapezoidal guide block 61, a spring 62, a support plate 63, a pre-tightening bolt 64, a lock nut 65 and a clamping bracket 66, wherein the symmetrically arranged trapezoidal guide block 61 and the clamping bracket 66 form a linear moving pair, the clamping bracket 66 is fixedly connected with the symmetrically arranged support plate 63, the spring 62 is sleeved on the pre-tightening bolt 64, the central line of the spring is coincident, one side end surface of the spring 62 is contacted with the trapezoidal guide block 61, the other side end surface of the spring 62 is contacted with the support plate 63, the pre-tightening bolt 64 is in threaded connection with the support plate 63, the cylindrical surface of the pre-tightening bolt 64 and a hole site corresponding to the trapezoidal guide block 61 form a rotating pair, the end surface of the lock nut 65 is contacted with the outer side end surface of the support plate 63, and the lock nut 65 is in threaded connection with the pre-tightening bolt 64. The angle encoder 21, the magnetic scale rotation angle sensor 39, the pressure sensor 7 and the torque sensor 8 are respectively connected with a computer through a data acquisition card, the motor 23 and the rotating motor 36 are respectively connected with the computer through a driver, and the camera 41 and the light source 48 are connected with the computer through a program.
The online testing device for the global deformation in the tire tread rubber material contact imprinting can be used for testing the extrusion deformation, the shearing deformation and the compression-shear coupling deformation in the tire tread rubber material contact imprinting.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 11 and 14, the method for online testing the global extrusion deformation in the contact footprint of the tire tread rubber material comprises the following steps:
(1) Spraying paint scattering textures on the contact surface according to the shape of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and naturally drying;
(2) Adjusting the self-adaptive clamping mechanism 6 to finish positioning and clamping the tread rubber sample 5 containing the speckle texture characteristics;
(3) Adjusting the optical axes of the camera 41 and the light source 48 of the visual detection system 4, the axis of the turbine worm turntable 32 of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 and the geometric center line of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and after the three axes are collinear, respectively fixedly connecting the support 213 of the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2, the torque sensor 8 and the support seat 410 of the visual detection system 4 with the support platform 1;
(4) Sequentially adjusting imaging distances of the camera support 42 and the light source support 46 of the visual detection system 4, and acquiring a speckle image of the contact surface of the clear tire tread rubber 5 on a computer screen through the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 under the action of the camera 41, wherein the imaging focal length of the whole lens 414 and the light intensity of the light source 48;
(5) The camera 41 is used for obtaining the speckle image of the tire tread rubber sample 5 on a computer and then carrying out image calibration;
(6) After the lower surface of the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 is contacted with the surface of the tire tread rubber sample 5 with speckle texture characteristics by controlling the motor 23 of the linear loading regulating mechanism 2, the variable-rate linear displacement movement of the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 contacted with the tire tread rubber 5 is realized by controlling the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the motor 23, so that the extrusion deformation of the tread rubber material with the same actual use condition of the tire is simulated;
(7) The resolution and frame rate of the camera 41 are adjusted. In the working condition implementation process of step 6, the acquisition of the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 according to the time sequence is synchronously completed through the camera 41 and the computer at every preset time interval. Meanwhile, acquiring data of pressure and torque in the process of deformation of the tire tread sample 5 through the angle encoder 21 and the pressure sensor 7;
(8) Comparing and analyzing the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the current moment with the global deformation image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the previous moment through a digital image template matching technology to acquire global strain information of the tire tread rubber 5 at the adjacent moment, and acquiring the deformation of the tire tread rubber 5 by combining the previous calibration image;
(9) And comprehensively analyzing the acquired angular displacement data, pressure data and deformation data of the tire tread rubber 5 to acquire the distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact footprint under the extrusion operation working condition of the tire.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 12, 13 and 15, the method for online testing global shear deformation in contact footprint of tire tread rubber material comprises the following steps:
(1) Spraying paint scattering textures on the contact surface according to the shape of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and naturally drying;
(2) Adjusting the self-adaptive clamping mechanism 6 to finish positioning and clamping the tread rubber sample 5 containing the speckle texture characteristics;
(3) Adjusting the optical axes of the camera 41 and the light source 48 of the visual detection system 4, the axis of the turbine worm turntable 32 of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 and the geometric center line of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and after the three axes are collinear, respectively fixedly connecting the support 213 of the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2, the torque sensor 8 and the support seat 410 of the visual detection system 4 with the support platform 1;
(4) Sequentially adjusting imaging distances of the camera support 42 and the light source support 46 of the visual detection system 4, and acquiring a speckle image of the contact surface of the clear tire tread rubber 5 on a computer screen through the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 under the action of the camera 41, wherein the imaging focal length of the whole lens 414 and the light intensity of the light source 48;
(5) The camera 41 is used for obtaining the speckle image of the tire tread rubber sample 5 on a computer and then carrying out image calibration;
(6) After the lower surface of the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 is contacted with the surface of the tire tread rubber sample 5 with speckle texture characteristics by controlling the motor 23 of the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2 and the rotating motor 36 of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3, the rotating movement of the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 with variable speed is output under a certain vertical load by controlling the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rotating motor 36 and the motor 23, so that the shearing deformation of the tread rubber material with the same actual use condition of the tire is simulated;
(7) The resolution and frame rate of the camera 41 are adjusted. In the working condition implementation process of step 6, the acquisition of the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 according to the time sequence is synchronously completed through the camera 41 and the computer at every preset time interval. Meanwhile, in the process of obtaining the deformation of the tire tread sample 5 through the angle encoder 21, the pressure sensor 7 and the torque sensor 8, obtaining the data of angular displacement, pressure and torque;
(8) Comparing and analyzing the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the current moment with the global deformation image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the previous moment through a digital image template matching technology to acquire global strain information of the tire tread rubber 5 at the adjacent moment, and acquiring the deformation of the tire tread rubber 5 by combining the previous calibration image;
(9) And comprehensively analyzing the acquired angular displacement, pressure, torque data and deformation data of the tire tread rubber 5 to acquire the distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact footprint under the working condition of the tire shearing operation.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 13, 14, 15, 17 and 18, the method for online testing the global compression shear coupling deformation in the contact footprint of the tire tread rubber material comprises the following steps:
(1) Spraying paint scattering textures on the contact surface according to the shape of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and naturally drying;
(2) Adjusting the self-adaptive clamping mechanism 6 to finish positioning and clamping the tread rubber sample 5 containing the speckle texture characteristics;
(3) Adjusting the optical axes of the camera 41 and the light source 48 of the visual detection system 4, the axis of the turbine worm turntable 32 of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism 3 and the geometric center line of the tire tread rubber sample 5, and after the three axes are collinear, respectively fixedly connecting the support 213 of the linear loading adjusting mechanism 2, the torque sensor 8 and the support seat 410 of the visual detection system 4 with the support platform 1;
(4) Sequentially adjusting imaging distances of the camera support 42 and the light source support 46 of the visual detection system 4, and acquiring a speckle image of the contact surface of the clear tire tread rubber 5 on a computer screen through the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 under the action of the camera 41, wherein the imaging focal length of the whole lens 414 and the light intensity of the light source 48;
(5) The camera 41 is used for obtaining the speckle image of the tire tread rubber sample 5 on a computer and then carrying out image calibration;
(6) The motor 23 of the linear loading regulating mechanism 2 and the rotating motor 36 of the rotary loading regulating mechanism 3 are controlled, so that the lower surface of the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35 is contacted with the surface of the tire tread rubber sample 5 with speckle texture characteristics, and then the rotating motor 36 and the rotating direction of the motor 23 are controlled, so that the variable-rate rotating motion and variable-rate vertical movement compound motion are output through the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate 35, so that the pressure-shear coupling deformation of the tread rubber material with the same actual use condition of the tire is simulated;
(7) The resolution and frame rate of the camera 41 are adjusted. In the working condition implementation process of step 6, the acquisition of the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 according to the time sequence is synchronously completed through the camera 41 and the computer at every preset time interval. Meanwhile, in the process of obtaining the deformation of the tire tread sample 5 through the angle encoder 21, the pressure sensor 7 and the torque sensor 8, obtaining the data of angular displacement, pressure and torque;
(8) Comparing and analyzing the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the current moment with the global deformation image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the previous moment through a digital image template matching technology to acquire global strain information of the tire tread rubber 5 at the adjacent moment, and acquiring the deformation of the tire tread rubber 5 by combining the previous calibration image;
(9) And comprehensively analyzing the acquired angular displacement, pressure and torque data and the deformation data of the tire tread rubber 5 to acquire the distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact imprinting under the tire pressure shear coupling operation condition.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the test device of the present invention obtains the values at time t=0 and t=t 0 In the tire contact footprint, the speckle image of the contact surface of the tire tread rubber sample 5 is obtained on a computer by a camera 41 for image calibration, and fig. 15 is a speckle image of the contact surface obtained by the test device of the invention under different working conditions of extrusion deformation, shear deformation and compression-shear coupling deformation of the tire tread rubber sample 5 for the global deformation image processing of the tire tread rubber sample 5 by simulating the working condition of tread rubber in an actual tire contact footprint.
As shown in fig. 16, the single-point tire tread deformation data obtained by the method of detecting the fixed resistance strain gauge on the tread rubber sample 5 is shown in fig. 17 and 18, and the result can be matched with the deformation data at the timing corresponding to fig. 17 and 18, and the accuracy of the detection method of the present invention is verified.
As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the method is implemented by a digital image template matching technology for t 0 And comparing and analyzing the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the moment with the global deformation image of the tire tread rubber 5 at the moment t to acquire global strain information of the tire tread rubber 5 at the adjacent moment, and acquiring global deformation of the tire tread rubber 5 by combining the acquired calibration image at the moment t=0.
Claims (5)
1. An on-line testing device for global deformation in contact imprinting of tire tread rubber materials is characterized in that: the device comprises a supporting platform (1), a linear loading adjusting mechanism (2), a rotary loading adjusting mechanism (3), a visual inspection system (4), a self-adaptive clamping mechanism (6), a pressure sensor (7), a torque sensor (8) and a computer, wherein the linear loading adjusting mechanism (2) is fixed on the supporting platform (1) through a supporting piece (213), the visual inspection system (4) is fixed on the supporting platform (1) through a supporting seat (410), the rotary loading adjusting mechanism (3) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (210) of the linear loading adjusting mechanism (2) through a fixed bracket (31), the torque sensor (8) is fixed on the supporting platform, the torque sensor (7) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the torque sensor (8), the self-adaptive clamping mechanism (6) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the pressure sensor (7), the optical axis of a camera (41) of the visual inspection system (4) and the optical axis of a light source (48), the axis of a worm gear (32) of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism (3) and the tire tread rubber (5) are the same in angle, the linear encoder (21) and the data of the magnetic encoder (8) are respectively connected with the torque sensor (8) through a communication card, the data encoder (39), the motor (23) and the rotating motor (36) are respectively connected with a computer control through a driver, and the camera (41) and the light source (48) are connected with the computer control;
the rotary loading adjusting mechanism (3) consists of a fixed bracket (31) fixedly connected with a connecting plate (210), a worm and gear turntable (32), a magnetic ruler (33), a supporting disc (34), a high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate (35), a rotary motor (36), a sensor bracket (38) and a magnetic ruler corner sensor (39); the fixed support (31) is fixedly connected with a stator of the worm and gear turntable (32), the magnetic scale (33) is fixedly connected with the supporting disc (34), the annular supporting disc (34) and the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate (35) are sequentially and fixedly connected with a rotor of the worm and gear turntable (32), the diameter of the high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate (35) is larger than that of an inner ring of the supporting disc (34), the rotating motor (36) is fixedly connected with a worm rotating shaft of the worm and gear turntable (32) through the coupler (37), the sensor support (38) is fixedly connected with the stator of the worm and gear turntable (32), the sensor support (38) is fixedly connected with the magnetic scale corner sensor (39), and a gap between the magnetic scale corner sensor (39) and the magnetic scale (33) is kept in a range of 0.5 mm-2 mm;
a clear tire tread rubber (5) contact surface speckle image is acquired on a computer screen through a high strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate (35).
2. An on-line testing device for global deformation in contact footprint of tire tread rubber material as in claim 1, wherein: the linear loading adjusting mechanism (2) comprises an angle encoder (21), a motor (23), a driving synchronous pulley (24), a driven synchronous pulley (26), a screw bearing seat (27), a screw (28), a sliding block (29), a connecting plate (210), a screw nut (211), a trapezoid linear sliding rail (212) and a supporting piece (213); the angle encoder (21) and the motor (23) are fixedly connected to one side of the supporting piece (213) through the support (22), a corresponding hole site on the angle encoder (21) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the motor (23), the driving synchronous pulley (24) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the motor (23), the driving synchronous pulley (24) is connected with a driven synchronous pulley (26) on the other side of the supporting plate through a synchronous toothed belt (25) penetrating through a through hole on the supporting piece (213), the driven synchronous pulley (26) is fixedly connected with a lead screw (28), an upper lead screw bearing seat (27) and a lower lead screw bearing seat (28) form a rotating pair, the lead screw bearing seat (27) is fixedly connected with the supporting piece (213), the lead screw (28) is in threaded connection with a screw (211), the screw (211) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (210), the sliding block (29) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (210), a trapezoid linear sliding rail (212) and the sliding block (29) form a moving pair, and the trapezoid linear sliding rail (212) is fixedly connected with the supporting piece (213).
3. An on-line testing device for global deformation in contact footprint of tire tread rubber material as in claim 1, wherein: the visual detection system (4) consists of a camera (41), a camera bracket (42), an adjusting bolt (43), an adjusting nut (44), a contact pad (45), a light source bracket (46), a light source supporting rod (47), a light source (48), a supporting rod (49), a supporting seat (410) and a supporting rod positioning bolt (413); the camera (41) on fixedly connected with camera (414), camera (41) and contact pad (45) contact connection of controlling the arrangement, adjusting bolt (43) pass rectangular through-hole and contact pad (45) threaded connection of camera support (42) both sides, adjusting nut (44) and adjusting bolt (43) threaded connection, camera support (42) and bracing piece (49) constitute the revolute pair, camera support (42) are fixed on bracing piece (49) through camera locating bolt (411), light source support (46) and bracing piece (49) constitute the revolute pair, light source support (46) are connected with bracing piece (49) through light source locating bolt (412) screw thread, light source bracing piece (47) and light source support (46) of symmetrical arrangement pass through light source bracing piece locating bolt (415) fixed connection, bracing piece (49) and supporting seat (410) constitute the revolute pair, bracing piece locating bolt (413) and supporting seat (410) threaded connection.
4. An on-line testing device for global deformation in contact footprint of tire tread rubber material as in claim 1, wherein: the self-adaptive clamping mechanism (6) consists of a trapezoidal guide block (61), a spring (62), a supporting plate (63), a pre-tightening bolt (64), a lock nut (65) and a clamping bracket (66), wherein the symmetrically arranged trapezoidal guide block (61) and the clamping bracket (66) form a linear moving pair, the clamping bracket (66) is fixedly connected with the symmetrically arranged supporting plate (63), the spring (62) is sleeved on the pre-tightening bolt (64) in a central line overlapping manner, one side end surface of the spring (62) is in contact with the trapezoidal guide block (61), the other side end surface of the spring (62) is in contact with the supporting plate (63), the pre-tightening bolt (64) is in threaded connection with the supporting plate (63), the cylindrical surface of the pre-tightening bolt (64) and a hole site corresponding to the trapezoidal guide block (61) form a rotating pair, the end surface of the lock nut (65) is in contact with the outer end surface of the supporting plate (63), and the lock nut (65) is in threaded connection with the pre-tightening bolt (64).
5. An online testing method for global deformation in a tire tread rubber material contact footprint, which is realized based on the online testing device for global deformation in a tire tread rubber material contact footprint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
1. spraying paint scattering textures on the contact surface according to the shape of a tire tread rubber sample (5), and naturally drying;
2. the self-adaptive clamping mechanism (6) is adjusted to finish positioning and clamping of the tire tread rubber sample (5) containing the speckle texture characteristics;
3. the method comprises the steps of adjusting the optical axes of a camera (41) and a light source (48) of a visual detection system (4), the axis of a worm and turbine turntable (32) of a rotary loading adjusting mechanism (3) and the geometric center line of a tire tread rubber sample (5) to enable the three axes to be collinear, and fixedly connecting a supporting piece (213) of a linear loading adjusting mechanism (2), a torque sensor (8) and a supporting seat (410) of the visual detection system (4) with a supporting platform (1) respectively;
4. the imaging distance of a camera support (42) and a light source support (46) of the visual detection system (4) is sequentially adjusted, the imaging focal length of a whole lens (414) and the light intensity of a light source (48) are sequentially adjusted, and under the action of a camera (41), a clear speckle image of the contact surface of tire tread rubber (5) is obtained on a computer screen through a high-strength pressure-resistant transparent glass plate (35);
5. the method comprises the steps of obtaining speckle images of a tire tread rubber sample (5) on a computer through a camera (41) and then calibrating the images;
6. all deformations of the tread rubber sample (5) under actual use conditions of the tire are realized by controlling the motor (23) of the linear loading adjusting mechanism (2) and the rotating motor (36) of the rotary loading adjusting mechanism (3), namely: extrusion deformation, shear deformation and compression-shear coupling deformation;
7. according to the deformation characteristic of the tire tread rubber sample (5) under the working condition of the test tire, the resolution and the frame rate of the camera (41) are adjusted; in the working condition implementation process of the step (six), synchronously completing the acquisition of global deformation digital images of the tire tread rubber (5) according to a time sequence through a camera (41) and a computer at preset time intervals; simultaneously, acquiring angular displacement, pressure and torque data in the deformation process of a tire tread sample (5) through an angle encoder (21), a magnetic scale rotation angle sensor (39), a pressure sensor (7) and a torque sensor (8);
8. comparing and analyzing the global deformation digital image of the tire tread rubber (5) at the current moment with the global deformation image of the tire tread rubber (5) at the previous moment through a digital image template matching technology to acquire global strain information of the tire tread rubber (5) at the adjacent moment, and acquiring the deformation of the tire tread rubber (5) by combining the previous calibration image;
9. and comprehensively analyzing the obtained angular displacement, pressure and torque data and the deformation data of the tire tread rubber (5) to obtain the distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the tread rubber in the contact footprint under the actual running condition of the tire.
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| CN110308113B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-06-22 | 中南林业科技大学 | A quasi-spherical fruit device of all-round upset for near infrared spectrum detects |
| CN110631498B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏大学 | Method for obtaining deformation distribution of tire grounding area |
| CN113109250A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-13 | 长春工业大学 | On-line testing device and method for tread rubber friction coefficient based on global deformation |
| CN113484507B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-11-29 | 长春工业大学 | Device and method for testing strain distribution and dynamic slip rate of tread of rolling tire |
| CN115401435B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2024-07-16 | 英业达(重庆)有限公司 | Automatic assembling system for camera rubber sleeve |
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