CN108956220A - A kind of soil field portable detection device and its processing method - Google Patents
A kind of soil field portable detection device and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108956220A CN108956220A CN201810311528.9A CN201810311528A CN108956220A CN 108956220 A CN108956220 A CN 108956220A CN 201810311528 A CN201810311528 A CN 201810311528A CN 108956220 A CN108956220 A CN 108956220A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of soil field portable detection device and its processing methods.The detection device includes detection cylinder, first baffle, second baffle, third baffle, fourth gear plate and the fifth gear plate for being successively set in detection cylinder and cooperating respectively with detection cylinder pull from up to down, and it is separately mounted to the cover board and bottom plate of detection cylinder upper and lower ends opening.Cylinder is detected to include the soil pulverizing chamber crushed for soil set gradually from up to down, the soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring, the weighing chamber for soil weighing, the stirring and leaching room for soil extract, refine the filter chamber filtered and the sensing chamber for soil extraction detection for soil extraction.The present invention is suitable for one and is carried to field progress Soil K+adsorption, has the characteristics that light movement, is not necessarily to additional Alternating Current Power Supply, is easy to operate easy-to-use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil onthe technology of site test fields, and in particular to a kind of soil field portable detection device and its
Processing method.
Background technique
Important component of the soil environment monitoring as environment protection and monitoring, because of the special complexity of soil, multiplicity
Property the features such as, Soil K+adsorption work always receive significant attention.Soil is raw for agriculture peasant rich in the rich scarce change indicator of nutrient
It produces, application fertilizer amount etc. is of great significance.Soil pollution directly affects the sustainable development of soil ecosystem, to environment
System and function cause irreversible threat, it is often more important that jeopardize ecological safety and the health and good life of the people.
General soil monitoring includes the distribution of design sample point, sampling of layouting, sample pretreatment, determination method, result
The technology contents such as analysis, data statistics, outcome evaluation.Soil is formed due to many factors of soil formation comprehensive functions by long time
And differentiation, cause soil constitution complicated, is rotted to clear up generation organic matter, moisture and gas on the whole by minerals, animals and plants
Equal ingredients are constituted.Chinese soil is resourceful, complex geographical environment, wide variety, and various regions are due to natural environments such as weather, environment
And the artifacts such as process of industrialization cause nutrient element contained by soil different, suffered pollution level is also different, needs basis
Local conditions carry out the processes such as acquisition, pretreatment, analysis, the detection of pedotheque.For each season, especially farming
During object applies kind, it is badly in need of the sample collections such as quick soil collection, pretreatment, and detection and analysis can be rapidly performed by and tied
Fruit Instructing manufacture.
Existing soil monitoring has that the work such as sample acquisition and pretreatment, detection, analysis disconnect, general soil
Sample acquisition time is longer, and sample collects storage and be easy to cause secondary cross contamination etc., and detection cycle is longer, costly etc. to ask
Topic.Therefore, for practical Soil K+adsorption demand, it would be highly desirable to it researches and develops one kind and is pre-processed for collection in worksite pedotheque, it is time saving
Efficiently, easy to remove, single to carry, it is not necessarily to additional Alternating Current Power Supply, easy-to-use soil field portable detection device easy to operate
And its processing method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil field portable detection device and its processing method, the present invention is applicable in
Field is carried in one and carries out Soil K+adsorption, there is light movement, without additional Alternating Current Power Supply, the spies such as easy-to-use easy to operate
Point.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of soil field portable detection device, including detection cylinder, be successively set on from up to down detection cylinder in and respectively with
First baffle, second baffle, third baffle, fourth gear plate and the fifth gear plate of the cooperation of cylinder pull are detected, and is separately mounted to
Detect the cover board and bottom plate of cylinder upper and lower ends opening；The detection cylinder includes being set gradually from up to down for soil crushing
Soil pulverizing chamber, for soil water meauring soil moisture content sensing chamber, for soil weighing weighing chamber, for soil
The stirring and leaching room of earth extraction, the filter chamber that filtering is refined for soil extraction and the detection for soil extraction detection
Room.
Specifically, the soil pulverizing chamber crushed for soil includes soil breaker structure；The soil breaker
Structure includes installation shaft coupling on the cover board, the handle being connected with shaft coupling upper end by first connecting rod and shaft coupling lower end
Connected shaft and the broken blade being mounted in shaft.
The soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring include be arranged in sieve below first baffle,
The moisture detector being mounted on detection drum outer wall and the sensor being mounted in detection cylinder being connected with moisture detector are visited
Needle.
The weighing chamber for soil weighing includes weight sensing platform and the installation being arranged in below second baffle
Weighing apparatus that is on detection drum outer wall and being connected with weight sensing platform.
The stirring and leaching room for soil extract includes soil rabbling mechanism and is successively set on inspection from up to down
Survey on drum outer wall and with the first filling opening for being connected and first discharge port inside detection cylinder；The soil rabbling mechanism includes stirring
Mix blade, the direction shaft that one end is connected with stirring blade lower end and the other end phase by the second connecting rod and direction shaft
Rocking handle even.
The filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering include be arranged in coarse strainer below fourth gear plate with
And be separately positioned on detection drum outer wall and with the venthole and the second outlet that are connected inside detection cylinder.
The sensing chamber for soil extraction detection includes that refined filtration net below fifth gear plate is arranged in, is mounted on inspection
Survey drum outer wall on sensor, be arranged in detection cylinder in the sensor probe being connected with sensor and be separately positioned on detection
On drum outer wall and with the second filling opening for being connected and third outlet inside detection cylinder.
Further, the broken blade includes N number of first broken blade and N number of along the setting of shaft circumferential direction uniform crossover
Second broken blade, and the first broken blade and the second broken blade are axially set gradually from up to down along shaft；Described first
It is vertical range, the first broken blade between broken blade and cover board and the vertical range between the second broken blade, second broken
Vertical range between broken blade and first baffle is equal；The structure of first broken blade and the second broken blade is identical,
It include several V-type blades being sequentially connected, and the base angle of V-type blade is 30 ~ 60 °；The broken blade uses metal or height
The edge of a knife of molecule material.
Further, the cover board and detection cylinder barrel between, five block baffles and detection cylinder barrel between, sensor probe
Detection cylinder barrel between, weight sensing platform and detection cylinder barrel between, the second connecting rod and detection cylinder barrel between, pass
Sealing rubber ring is respectively adopted between sensor probe and detection cylinder barrel to be sealed.
Further, the surface of the detection cylinder, cover board, five block baffles, bottom plate and weight sensing platform is all made of height
Molecular material is made.
Further, the sieve, coarse strainer and refined filtration net are all made of metal or macromolecule nylon material；The sieve and
Vertical range, the coarse strainer between first baffle and the vertical range between fourth gear plate, the refined filtration net and fifth gear
Vertical range between plate is 5 ~ 10cm；The aperture of the sieve is 100 ~ 800 mesh；The aperture of the coarse strainer be 300 ~
1000 mesh；The aperture of the refined filtration net is 1200 ~ 2000 mesh.
Further, the sensor probe includes three equally distributed isometric metal probes；The metal probe
Length be 20 ~ 40cm；Vertical range between adjacent metal probe is 5 ~ 12cm.
Further, the moisture detector, weighing apparatus and sensor include confessing electric energy storage device, and the self-powered
Energy storage device uses lithium battery or solar powered；The moisture detector, weighing apparatus and sensor include wireless module, tool
There are the transmittabilities such as bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 2G/3G/4G data.The moisture detector, weighing apparatus and sensor all have data inspection
The abilities such as survey, processing, transmitting.
Further, the filling opening is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height of the stirring and leaching room for soil extract, filling opening
It is equipped with lid switch；The first discharge port is located at the detection cylinder side wall of the stirring and leaching room bottom for soil extract,
First discharge port is equipped with faucet.
Further, the venthole is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height of the filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering
Place, venthole are equipped with one-way conduction threshold switch；Second outlet is located at the mistake for soil extraction fining filtering
On the detection cylinder side wall of filter chamber bottom, the second outlet is equipped with faucet.
Further, second filling opening is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height for the sensing chamber of soil extraction detection,
Second filling opening is equipped with lid switch；The third outlet is located at the inspection of the sensing chamber bottom for soil extraction detection
It surveys on cylinder side wall, third outlet is equipped with faucet.
Further, weight sensor is equipped in the weight sensor platform；The weight sensor platform and detection
Cylinder barrel pull cooperation；The weight sensor platform and weighing apparatus are snapped connection together by hard contact.
Further, the sensor probe is located above bottom plate at 5 ~ 10cm, and between sensor probe and sensor
It is connected using shielded signal line.
The invention further relates to a kind of processing method of above-mentioned soil field portable detection device, this method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) pedotheque is obtained in soil spot sampling point, opens cover board, pedotheque is put into the soil for being used for soil crushing
Pulverizing chamber closes cover board.First connecting rod and handle can dismantle storage when not in use, direct-assembling when use
Rotating shaft on to shaft coupling.
(2) according to practical pedotheque physical behavior and relative national standards, manual rotational handle is driven by shaft coupling
Shaft crushes pedotheque after contacting the first broken blade and the second broken blade sufficiently with pedotheque.
(3) after pedotheque crushes, first baffle is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, drives the by rotating shaft
One broken blade and the second broken blade make to fall on sieve under smashed pedotheque, and the soil for meeting mesh size passes through
It is fallen on after sieve in the soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring, as soil to be measured, opening simultaneously cover board will
Remaining soil takes out above sieve.
(4) soil fallen in the soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring all covers sensor probe
Lid opens moisture detector switch, moisture temperature is selected to measure, open detection key, after waiting 1-5min, sorting-detecting instrument of fetching water
It is final to stablize the water content and temperature that fixed value is soil to be measured.
(5) after the completion of step (4), second baffle is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is used in soil water meauring
Soil to be measured in soil moisture content sensing chamber drops in the weighing chamber for soil weighing, then by third baffle from detection
The side extraction of cylinder, falls on soil to be measured on weight sensing platform, opens weighing apparatus switch, after stablizing 0.5-1min, to weight
The numerical stability that quantity sensor platform is shown is the weight of soil to be measured.
(6) after the completion of step (5), weight sensor platform is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is made on weight sensing platform
Soil drop in the stirring and leaching room for soil extract, then according to detection demand and national standard, from the first liquid feeding
Corresponding leaching liquor is added into the stirring and leaching room for soil extract for mouth, and then rotation crank drives the second connecting rod and direction
Pivot, and then stirring blade is driven to be thoroughly mixed soil and leaching liquor to be measured, obtain soil extraction.Second connects
Extension bar, direction shaft and stirring blade are corrosion-resistant anti-oxidant material.
(7) after the completion of step (6), fourth gear plate is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is used in the stirring leaching of soil extract
Mention the soil extraction in room and fall on coarse strainer and be filtered, meet coarse filtration screen distance soil extraction pass through coarse strainer after
Enter in the filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering, obtain filtrate, then by third baffle and fourth gear plate from
The side of detection cylinder pushes back in detection cylinder, will be used in the stirring and leaching room of soil extract remaining soil extraction by the
The suction discharge of one outlet；Cleaning solution is added into the stirring and leaching room for soil extract from the second filling opening, repeatedly repeatedly
The stirring and leaching room for being used for soil extract is rinsed, and waste liquid after flushing is aspirated by first discharge port and is discharged.
(8) after the completion of step (7), fifth gear plate is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is used in soil extraction fining
Filtrate in the filter chamber of filtering is added into the sensing chamber detected for soil extraction, and using manual by refined filtration net filtration
Press pump is ventilated into the filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering by venthole and is pressurizeed, and Continuous aeration 1-5min adds
Fast filtrate passes through refined filtration net filtration to the speed of the sensing chamber for soil extraction detection, while will be used for soil extraction essence
The residual filtrate in the filter chamber of filtering is refined by the suction discharge of third outlet, pushes back to fifth gear plate after filtering
It detects in cylinder.
(9) filtrate entered in the sensing chamber for soil extraction detection submerges sensor probe, opens sensing
Device switch is measured value needed for soil extraction to be measured after sensor numerical stability.It can according to need replacement sensing
Device probe and sensor type.
(10) after the completion of step (9), the soil extraction in the sensing chamber for being used for soil extraction detection is passed through second
Outlet discharge, bottling is collected, and is marked, and completes pedotheque detection.
From the above technical scheme, the present invention is carried to field suitable for one and carries out Soil K+adsorption, has light shifting
The features such as moving, being not necessarily to additional Alternating Current Power Supply, is easy to operate easy-to-use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of soil field portable detection device in the present invention.
Wherein:
1, handle, 2, first connecting rod, 3, shaft coupling, 4, shaft, 5, cover board, the 6, first broken blade, the 7, second broken blade,
8, first baffle, 9, sieve, 10, the soil pulverizing chamber crushed for soil, 11, sensor probe, 12, moisture detector, 13,
Second baffle, 14, for the soil moisture content sensing chamber of soil water meauring, 15, third baffle, 16, weight sensing platform,
17, weighing apparatus, 18, the weighing chamber weighed for soil, 19, stirring blade, 20, shaft, the 21, second connecting rod, 22, rocking handle,
23, direction shaft, the 24, first filling opening, 25, first discharge port, 26, coarse strainer, 27, for the stirring and leaching of soil extract
Room, 28, fourth gear plate, 29, venthole, 30, fifth gear plate, 31, the filter chamber filtered for soil extraction fining, 32,
Refined filtration net, 33, sensor probe, 34, sensor, 35, the sensing chamber detected for soil extraction, the 36, second outlet,
37, bottom plate, 38, detection cylinder, 39, third outlet, the 40, second filling opening.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
A kind of soil field portable detection device as shown in Figure 1, including detection cylinder 38, are successively set on detection from up to down
Cylinder 38 in and respectively with detection 38 pull of cylinder cooperation first baffles 8, second baffle 13, third baffle 15, fourth gear plate 28 and
Fifth gear plate 30, and it is separately mounted to the cover board 5 and bottom plate 37 of detection 38 upper and lower ends opening of cylinder.The detection cylinder 38 wraps
Include the soil pulverizing chamber 10 crushed for soil, the soil moisture content for soil water meauring set gradually from up to down
Sensing chamber 14, for soil weighing weighing chamber 18, for soil extract stirring and leaching room 27, for soil extraction it is fine
Change the filter chamber 31 of filtering and the sensing chamber 35 for soil extraction detection.The soil pulverizing chamber crushed for soil
10 and for being separated between the soil moisture content sensing chamber 14 of soil moisture content detection by first baffle 8 and sieve 9.The use
Pass through second baffle between the soil moisture content sensing chamber 14 of soil moisture content detection and the weighing chamber 18 for soil weighing
13 separate.It is described for soil weighing weighing chamber 18 and for passing through third baffle between the stirring and leaching room 27 of soil extract
15 and weight sensing platform 16 separate.The stirring and leaching room 27 for soil extract was refined with for soil extraction
Separated between the filter chamber 31 of filter by fourth gear plate 28.The filter chamber 31 and use for soil extraction fining filtering
Separated between the sensing chamber 35 of soil extraction detection by fifth gear plate 30.
Further, the soil pulverizing chamber 10 crushed for soil includes soil breaker structure；The soil crushes
The handle 1 and shaft coupling that mechanism includes the shaft coupling 3 being mounted on cover board 5, is connected by first connecting rod 2 with 3 upper end of shaft coupling
The broken blade 3 lower end of device connected shaft 4 and be mounted in shaft 4.Specifically, the broken blade includes along shaft
N number of first broken blade 6 and N number of second broken blade 7 of 4 circumferential uniform crossover settings, and the first broken blade 6 and second is broken
Broken blade 7 is axially set gradually from up to down along shaft 4.Vertical range between first broken blade 6 and cover board 5,
Vertical range, the second broken blade 7 between one broken blade 6 and the second broken blade 7 and between first baffle it is vertical away from
From equal.First broken blade 6 is identical with the structure of the second broken blade 7, includes several V-type leaves being sequentially connected
Piece, and the base angle a of V-type blade is 30 ~ 60 °.The broken blade is using metal or the edge of a knife of macromolecule material.Wherein, N is big
In 0 positive integer.Along N number of first broken blade 6 and N number of second broken blade 7 of the circumferential uniform crossover setting of shaft 4, the meaning
It is to say, in the perspective plane perpendicular to shaft radial direction, the first broken blade and the second broken blade are arranged in a crossed manner, and each
The first adjacent broken blade is equal with the angle between the second broken blade.Preferably, N=2 in the present embodiment.So two
The angle between angle and two the second broken blades between a first broken blade is 180 degree.Perpendicular to shaft
On radial perspective plane, the angle between adjacent the first broken blade and the second broken blade is 90 degree.
Further, the soil moisture content sensing chamber 14 for soil water meauring includes being arranged in first baffle
The sieve 9 of 8 lower sections is mounted on the moisture detector 12 detected on 38 outer wall of cylinder and is mounted on what moisture detector 12 was connected
Detect the sensor probe 11 in cylinder 38.The sensor probe 11 includes three equally distributed isometric metal probes.Institute
The length for stating metal probe is 20 ~ 40cm；Vertical range between adjacent metal probe is 5 ~ 12cm.The aperture of the sieve 9
Including but not limited to 100 ~ 800 mesh.
Further, the weighing chamber 18 for soil weighing includes the weight sensing being arranged in below second baffle 13
Platform 16 and weighing apparatus 17 that is being mounted on detection 38 outer wall of cylinder and being connected with weight sensing platform 16.The weight sensing
Weight sensor is equipped in device platform 16；The weight sensor platform 16 and detection 38 barrel pull of cylinder cooperation；The weight
Sensor platform 16 and weighing apparatus 17 are snapped connection together by hard contact.Pull cooperation in the present invention, refers to examining
It surveys on cylinder and offers pull mouth, baffle and weight sensing platform, can be extracted out from the pull mouth, sense baffle and weight flat
Platform is extracted into the outside of detection cylinder from the inside of detection cylinder, can also roll back from the pull mouth, make baffle and weight sensing platform
The inside of detection cylinder is returned to from the outside of detection cylinder.
Further, the stirring and leaching room 27 for soil extract include soil rabbling mechanism and from up to down according to
It is secondary be arranged on detection 38 outer wall of cylinder and with the first filling opening 24 and first discharge port 25 that are connected inside detection cylinder 38.It is described
Soil rabbling mechanism includes the direction shaft 23 that stirring blade 19, one end are connected with 19 lower end of stirring blade and connects by second
The rocking handle 22 that extension bar 21 is connected with the other end of direction shaft 23.First filling opening 24 is located at the stirring for soil extract
At 1/3 ~ 1/5 height of digester roIl 27, the first filling opening 24 is equipped with lid switch.The first discharge port 25 is located at for soil
On 38 side wall of detection cylinder of 27 bottom of stirring and leaching room of earth extraction.First discharge port 25 is equipped with faucet.
Further, the filter chamber 31 for soil extraction fining filtering includes being arranged under fourth gear plate 28
The coarse strainer 26 of side and be separately positioned on detection 38 outer wall of cylinder and with the venthole 29 that is connected inside detection cylinder 38 and the
Two outlets 36.The venthole 29 is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height for the filter chamber 31 of soil extraction fining filtering,
Venthole 29 is equipped with one-way conduction threshold switch.Second outlet 36 is located at the mistake for soil extraction fining filtering
On 38 side wall of detection cylinder of 31 bottom of filter chamber, the second outlet 36 is equipped with faucet.The aperture of the coarse strainer 26 includes
But it is not limited to 300 ~ 1000 mesh.
Further, the sensing chamber 35 for soil extraction detection includes the essence being arranged in below fifth gear plate 30
Strainer 32, the sensor 34 being mounted on detection 38 outer wall of cylinder, the sensing being connected with sensor 38 being arranged in detection cylinder 38
Device probe 33 and be separately positioned on detection 38 outer wall of cylinder and with the second filling opening 40 for being connected inside detection cylinder 38 and the
Three outlets 39.Second filling opening 40 is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height for the sensing chamber 35 of soil extraction detection, the
Two filling openings 40 are equipped with lid switch.The third outlet 39 is located at 35 bottom of sensing chamber for soil extraction detection
38 side wall of detection cylinder on, third outlet 39 be equipped with faucet.The sensor probe 33 be located at the top of bottom plate 37 5 ~
At 10cm, and connected between sensor probe 33 and sensor 34 using shielded signal line.The aperture of the refined filtration net 32 includes
But it is not limited to 1200 ~ 2000 mesh.
Further, the cover board 5 and detection 38 barrel of cylinder between, five block baffles and detection 38 barrel of cylinder between, sensing
Between device probe 11 and detection 38 barrel of cylinder, between weight sensing platform 16 and detection 38 barrel of cylinder, the second connecting rod 21 and inspection
It surveys between 38 barrel of cylinder, sealing rubber ring is respectively adopted is sealed between sensor probe 33 and detection 38 barrel of cylinder.
Further, the surface of the detection cylinder 38, cover board 5, five block baffles, bottom plate 37 and weight sensing platform 16 is equal
It is made using high molecular material.
Further, the sieve 9, coarse strainer 26 and refined filtration net 32 are all made of metal or macromolecule nylon material.It is described
Vertical range, the coarse strainer 26 between sieve 9 and first baffle 8 and the vertical range between fourth gear plate 28, the essence
Vertical range between strainer 32 and fifth gear plate 30 is 5 ~ 10cm.
Further, the moisture detector 12, weighing apparatus 17 and sensor 34 include confession electric energy storage device, and should
Confess that electric energy storage device uses lithium battery or solar powered.The moisture detector 12, weighing apparatus 17 and sensor 34 wrap
Containing wireless module, there are the transmittabilities such as bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 2G/3G/4G data.The moisture detector 12,17 and of weighing apparatus
Sensor 34 all has the abilities such as Data Detection, processing, transmitting.
The invention further relates to a kind of processing method of above-mentioned soil field portable detection device, this method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) pedotheque is obtained in soil spot sampling point, opens cover board 5, pedotheque is put into the soil for being used for soil crushing
Earth pulverizing chamber 10 closes cover board 5.First connecting rod 2 and handle 1 can dismantle storage when not in use, when use
It is directly assembled to rotating shaft 4 on shaft coupling 3.
(2) according to practical pedotheque physical behavior and relative national standards, manual rotational handle 1 passes through 3 band of shaft coupling
Turn axis 4 crushes pedotheque after contacting the first broken blade 6 and the second broken blade 7 sufficiently with pedotheque.
(3) after pedotheque crushes, first baffle 8 is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder 38, passes through 4 band of rotating shaft
Dynamic first broken blade 6 and the second broken blade 7, make to fall on sieve 9 under smashed pedotheque, meet 9 aperture of sieve
Soil is fallen in the soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring after passing through sieve 9, as soil to be measured, is beaten simultaneously
Plate 5 of uncapping takes out the 9 remaining soil in top of sieve.After the completion of aforesaid operations in step (3), first baffle 8 is pushed back to
It detects in cylinder 38.
(4) soil fallen in the soil moisture content sensing chamber 14 for soil water meauring is complete by sensor probe 11
Portion's covering is opened moisture detector 12 and is switched, moisture temperature is selected to measure, open detection key, after waiting 1-5min, sorting of fetching water
The final stable fixed value for surveying instrument 12 is the water content and temperature of soil to be measured.
(5) after the completion of step (4), second baffle 13 is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder 38, is used in soil water-containing measurement
Soil to be measured in the soil moisture content sensing chamber 14 of amount drops in the weighing chamber 18 for soil weighing, then by third gear
Plate 15 is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder 38, falls on soil to be measured on weight sensing platform 16, is opened weighing apparatus 17 and is switched, stablizes
After 0.5-1min, the numerical stability to the display of weight sensor platform 16 is the weight of soil to be measured.It is above-mentioned in step (5)
After the completion of operation, second baffle 13 is pushed back in detection cylinder 38.
(6) after the completion of step (5), weight sensor platform 16 is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder 38, keeps weight sensing flat
Soil on platform 17 drops in the stirring and leaching room 27 for soil extract, then according to detection demand and national standard, from
Corresponding leaching liquor is added into the stirring and leaching room 27 for soil extract for first filling opening 24, and then rotation crank 22 drives the
Two connecting rods 21 and direction shaft 23 move, and then stirring blade 19 is driven to be thoroughly mixed soil and leaching liquor to be measured,
Obtain soil extraction.Second connecting rod 21, direction shaft 23 and stirring blade 19 are corrosion-resistant anti-oxidant material.
(7) after the completion of step (6), fourth gear plate 28 is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder 38, is used in stirring for soil extract
It mixes the soil extraction in digester roIl 27 and falls on coarse strainer 26 and be filtered, the soil extraction for meeting 26 aperture of coarse strainer is worn
It is entered in the filter chamber 31 for soil extraction fining filtering after crossing coarse strainer 26, filtrate is obtained, then by third gear
Plate 15 and fourth gear plate 28 push back in detection cylinder 38 from the side of detection cylinder 38, will be used for the stirring and leaching room 27 of soil extract
In remaining soil extraction by first discharge port 25 suction discharge；From the second filling opening 40 to the stirring for soil extract
Cleaning solution is added in digester roIl 27, multiple repeated flushing is used for the stirring and leaching room 27 of soil extract, and waste liquid after flushing is led to
Cross the suction discharge of first discharge port 25.
(8) after the completion of step (7), fifth gear plate 30 is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder 38, is used in soil extraction essence
The filtrate refined in the filter chamber 31 of filtering is filled into the sensing chamber 35 for soil extraction detection by refined filtration net 32, and
It is ventilated and is pressurizeed into the filter chamber 31 for soil extraction fining filtering by venthole 29 using Manual pressurization pump, continued
Ventilate 1-5min, accelerates filtrate by refined filtration net filtration to the speed of the sensing chamber 35 for soil extraction detection, simultaneously will
For the residual filtrate in the filter chamber 31 of soil extraction fining filtering by the suction discharge of third outlet 39, filter
Fifth gear plate 30 is pushed back in detection cylinder 38 after finishing.
(9) filtrate entered in the sensing chamber 35 for soil extraction detection submerges sensor probe 33, opens
Sensor 34 switchs, and is measured value needed for soil extraction to be measured after 34 numerical stability of sensor.It can according to need
Replace sensor probe 33 and 34 type of sensor.
(10) after the completion of step (9), the soil extraction in the sensing chamber 35 of soil extraction detection will be used for by the
The discharge of two outlets 36, bottling is collected, and is marked, and completes pedotheque detection.
Design principle of the invention are as follows:
The present invention is fabricated to broken blade by using metal or high molecular material, and the first, second broken blade is designed as
By v-angle at 30-60 °, the soil design of larger humidity range in practical pedotheque is broken, can be handled, it can
Broken soil can be such that soil is not adhere on blade again, facilitate field actual treatment sample.Sensor of the present invention is visited
That there are also metal materials is all related to water content detection model for the quantity and length of needle, three fixed metal probes and at equal intervals
Design be in order to be more advantageous to transmitting signal and receive signal transducer between the maximized Test coverage of sensitivity probe it
Between soil variation water content.It is of the present invention for soil extraction fining filtering filter chamber design be from
Soil extraction filtering actual conditions are set out, time-consuming, and filtering is not exclusively the common problem of soil extraction, and the present invention passes through increasing
Add a Manual pressurization pump, the process of inflating pressure, allow soil filtrate can more rapidly sufficient refined filtration, save the time, improve
Filter efficiency.The design of sensing chamber of the present invention for soil extraction detection is to be able to compatible most of
Using detection probe or probe as the soil extraction detecting instrument of prospecting tools, for example, pH value measurement, conductivity measurement etc.,
It requires to come into full contact with detection liquid, and needs continuous cleaning detection probe.The design of five block baffles in the present invention, be in order to
It takes into account and needs mutually to completely cut off in each sensing chamber and detection process, but the need that the pedotheque of each step needs successively to detect again
The problem of asking, the structure that design can be sealed in this way with pull, not polluted mutually between very good solution sample, and each interlayer
Can also be independently operated, can also be used in combination, so that applicable surface of the present invention is wider.
Embodiment described above only describe the preferred embodiments of the invention, not to model of the invention
It encloses and is defined, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are to technical side of the invention
The various changes and improvements that case is made should all be fallen into the protection scope that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil field portable detection device, it is characterised in that: including detecting cylinder, be successively set on detection from up to down
Cylinder in and respectively with detection cylinder pull cooperation first baffle, second baffle, third baffle, fourth gear plate and fifth gear plate, with
And it is separately mounted to the cover board and bottom plate of detection cylinder upper and lower ends opening；The detection cylinder includes setting gradually from up to down
For soil crush soil pulverizing chamber, for soil water meauring soil moisture content sensing chamber, for soil weighing
Weighing chamber is soaked for the stirring and leaching room of soil extract, for the filter chamber of soil extraction fining filtering and for soil
The sensing chamber of extract detection；
The soil pulverizing chamber crushed for soil includes soil breaker structure；The soil breaker structure includes being mounted on lid
Shaft coupling on plate, the handle being connected by first connecting rod with shaft coupling upper end, the shaft being connected with shaft coupling lower end and
The broken blade being mounted in shaft；
The soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring includes that sieve below first baffle, installation is arranged in
In the moisture detector on detection drum outer wall and the sensor probe being mounted in detection cylinder being connected with moisture detector；
The weighing chamber for soil weighing includes the weight sensing platform being arranged in below second baffle and is mounted on inspection
Survey weighing apparatus that is on drum outer wall and being connected with weight sensing platform；
The stirring and leaching room for soil extract includes soil rabbling mechanism and is successively set on detection cylinder from up to down
On outer wall and with the first filling opening for being connected and first discharge port inside detection cylinder；The soil rabbling mechanism includes paddle
Direction shaft that piece, one end are connected with stirring blade lower end and it is connected by the second connecting rod with the other end of direction shaft
Rocking handle；
The filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering includes the coarse strainer being arranged in below fourth gear plate and divides
Be not arranged on detection drum outer wall and with the venthole and the second outlet that are connected inside detection cylinder；
The sensing chamber for soil extraction detection includes that refined filtration net below fifth gear plate is arranged in, is mounted on detection cylinder
Sensor on outer wall, the sensor probe being connected with sensor being arranged in detection cylinder and being separately positioned on detects outside cylinder
On wall and with the second filling opening for being connected and third outlet inside detection cylinder.
2. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the broken blade packet
Include N number of first broken blade and N number of second broken blade along the setting of shaft circumferential direction uniform crossover, and the first broken blade and the
Sledging blade is axially set gradually from up to down along shaft；Vertical range between first broken blade and cover board,
Vertical range, the second broken blade between one broken blade and the second broken blade and the vertical range phase between first baffle
Deng；The structure of first broken blade and the second broken blade is identical, includes several V-type blades being sequentially connected, and V-type
The base angle of blade is 30 ~ 60 °；The broken blade is using metal or the edge of a knife of macromolecule material.
3. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cover board and detection
Cylinder barrel between, five block baffles and detection cylinder barrel between, sensor probe and detection cylinder barrel between, weight sensing platform with
It is respectively adopted between detection cylinder barrel, between the second connecting rod and detection cylinder barrel, between sensor probe and detection cylinder barrel
Sealing rubber ring is sealed.
4. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the detection cylinder, lid
Plate, five block baffles, bottom plate and weight sensing platform surface be all made of high molecular material and be made.
5. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sieve, coarse filtration
Net and refined filtration net are all made of metal or macromolecule nylon material；It is vertical range between the sieve and first baffle, described thick
Vertical range, the refined filtration net between strainer and fourth gear plate and the vertical range between fifth gear plate are 5 ~ 10cm；Institute
The aperture for stating sieve is 100 ~ 800 mesh；The aperture of the coarse strainer is 300 ~ 1000 mesh；The aperture of the refined filtration net be 1200 ~
2000 mesh.
6. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sensor probe
Including three equally distributed isometric metal probes；The length of the metal probe is 20 ~ 40cm；Between adjacent metal probe
Vertical range be 5 ~ 12cm.
7. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water content detection
Instrument, weighing apparatus and sensor include confession electric energy storage device, and the confession electric energy storage device is supplied using lithium battery or solar energy
Electricity；The moisture detector, weighing apparatus and sensor include wireless module.
8. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first filling opening
At 1/3 ~ 1/5 height of the stirring and leaching room for soil extract, the first filling opening is equipped with lid switch；Described first
Outlet is located at the detection cylinder side wall of the stirring and leaching room bottom for soil extract, and first discharge port is equipped with switch dragon
Head；
The venthole is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height for the filter chamber of soil extraction fining filtering, sets on venthole
There is one-way conduction threshold switch；Second outlet is located at the detection of the filter chamber bottom for soil extraction fining filtering
On cylinder side wall, the second outlet is equipped with faucet；
Second filling opening is located at 1/3 ~ 1/5 height for the sensing chamber of soil extraction detection, on the second filling opening
Equipped with lid switch；The third outlet is located at the detection cylinder side wall of the sensing chamber bottom for soil extraction detection,
Third outlet is equipped with faucet.
9. a kind of soil field portable detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the weight sensor
Weight sensor is equipped in platform；The weight sensor platform and detection cylinder barrel pull cooperation；The weight sensor is flat
Platform and weighing apparatus are snapped connection together by hard contact；
The sensor probe is located above bottom plate at 5 ~ 10cm, and shielded signal line is used between sensor probe and sensor
Connection.
10. the processing method of soil field portable detection device described in any one, feature exist according to claim 1 ~ 9
In: method includes the following steps:
(1) pedotheque is obtained in soil spot sampling point, opens cover board, pedotheque is put into the soil for being used for soil crushing
Pulverizing chamber closes cover board；
(2) according to practical pedotheque physical behavior and relative national standards, manual rotational handle drives shaft by shaft coupling,
Pedotheque is crushed after contacting the first broken blade and the second broken blade sufficiently with pedotheque；
(3) after pedotheque crushes, first baffle is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, drives first to break by rotating shaft
Broken blade and the second broken blade make to fall on sieve under smashed pedotheque, and the soil for meeting mesh size passes through sieve
It is fallen in the soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring afterwards, as soil to be measured, opens simultaneously cover board for sieve
The remaining soil in top takes out；
(4) soil fallen in the soil moisture content sensing chamber for soil water meauring all covers sensor probe,
Moisture detector switch is opened, the measurement of moisture temperature is selected, open detection key fetches water sorting-detecting instrument most after waiting 1-5min
Stablize the water content and temperature that fixed value is soil to be measured eventually；
(5) after the completion of step (4), second baffle is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is used in the soil of soil water meauring
Soil to be measured in water content sensing chamber drops in the weighing chamber for soil weighing, then by third baffle from detection cylinder
Side extraction, falls on soil to be measured on weight sensing platform, opens weighing apparatus switch, after stablizing 0.5-1min, passes to weight
The numerical stability that sensor platform is shown is the weight of soil to be measured；
(6) after the completion of step (5), weight sensor platform is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, makes the soil on weight sensing platform
Earth drops in the stirring and leaching room for soil extract, then according to detection demand and national standard, from the first filling opening to
For corresponding leaching liquor to be added in the stirring and leaching room of soil extract, then rotation crank drives the second connecting rod and direction shaft
Movement, and then stirring blade is driven to be thoroughly mixed soil and leaching liquor to be measured, obtain soil extraction；
(7) after the completion of step (6), fourth gear plate is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is used in the stirring and leaching room of soil extract
In soil extraction fall on coarse strainer and be filtered, meet coarse filtration screen distance soil extraction pass through coarse strainer after enter
Into the filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering, filtrate is obtained, then by third baffle and fourth gear plate from detection
The side of cylinder pushes back in detection cylinder, and remaining soil extraction in the stirring and leaching room for being used for soil extract is passed through first row
Outlet suction discharge；Cleaning solution, multiple repeated flushing is added into the stirring and leaching room for soil extract from the second filling opening
For the stirring and leaching room of soil extract, and waste liquid after flushing is passed through into first discharge port and aspirates discharge；
(8) after the completion of step (7), fifth gear plate is extracted out from the side of detection cylinder, is used in soil extraction fining filtering
Filter chamber in filtrate by refined filtration net filtration into the sensing chamber detected for soil extraction, and utilize Manual pressurization pump
It is ventilated and is pressurizeed into the filter chamber for soil extraction fining filtering by venthole, Continuous aeration 1-5min accelerates filter
Liquid passes through refined filtration net filtration to the speed of the sensing chamber for soil extraction detection, while will be used for soil extraction fining
Residual filtrate in the filter chamber of filtering passes through the suction discharge of third outlet；Fifth gear plate is pushed back into detection after filtering
In cylinder；
(9) filtrate entered in the sensing chamber for soil extraction detection submerges sensor probe, and turn on sensor is opened
It closes, is measured value needed for soil extraction to be measured after sensor numerical stability；
(10) after the completion of step (9), the soil extraction in the sensing chamber for being used for soil extraction detection is passed through into the second discharge
Mouth discharge, bottling is collected, and is marked, and completes pedotheque detection.
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| CN201810311528.9A CN108956220B (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | Portable soil field detection device and treatment method thereof |
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| CN201810311528.9A CN108956220B (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | Portable soil field detection device and treatment method thereof |
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