CN109342413A - A kind of detection method and its device of heavy metal content in soil - Google Patents
A kind of detection method and its device of heavy metal content in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109342413A CN109342413A CN201811358710.6A CN201811358710A CN109342413A CN 109342413 A CN109342413 A CN 109342413A CN 201811358710 A CN201811358710 A CN 201811358710A CN 109342413 A CN109342413 A CN 109342413A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2853—Shadowing samples
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N2021/7756—Sensor type
- G01N2021/7759—Dipstick; Test strip
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection devices of heavy metal content in soil, including soil treatment mechanism and colorimetric matched with soil treatment mechanism mechanism, the soil treatment mechanism includes seat board, there are two support plates for the top fixed installation of the seat board, the top of the support plate is welded with horizontally disposed first supporting block, first supporting block is fixedly installed with the first link block, crushing cylinder is fixedly installed between first link block, the top screw thread of the crushing cylinder is equipped with first end cover, the intermediate position of the first end cover is rotatably equipped with rotating bar, the rotating bar bottom end extends to block in crushing cylinder.Design structure of the present invention is novel, and perfect in shape and function, effect is obvious, and detection method is simple, facilitates operation, technical low, enables adaptation to different crowds, is worthy to be popularized, can also operate even if layman, is used for ruck use so as to sell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection method of metal ion detection technical field more particularly to a kind of heavy metal content in soil and
Its device.
Background technique
Relative density on physics meaning is in the metal of 4.5g/cm3 or more, referred to as heavy metal.Atomic number is from 23 (V)
Native metal member to 92 (U) is known as 60 kinds, wherein 54 kinds of relative density is both greater than 4.5g/cm3, therefore from relative density
It is said in meaning, this 54 kinds of metals are all heavy metals.But when carrying out elemental analysis, wherein some belongs to rare earth metal, have
It has incorporated refractory metal into, has finally industrially really been divided into the element of heavy metal are as follows: copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel, cobalt, antimony, mercury, cadmium
And bismuth, this 10 kinds of metals are widely used in modern industry, in addition to being greater than 5 with metal general character and density, physically simultaneously
Without other special general character, but both at home and abroad, numerous studies confirm that heavy metal has very strong bio-toxicity, Long Term Contact, to human body
It causes seriously to endanger.
Currently, heavy metal analysis, still based on large-sized analytic instrument, the detection method of current all heavy metals can be divided into
Two class of spectral colorimetry and electrode method, spectral colorimetry are sample treatment difference, have been utilized respectively the original of different spectral coverage
Sub-light spectrum and molecular spectrum.Have been reported that also occur some inspections in the market successively for the colorimetric detection method of individual metal recently
Survey instrument.
But above-mentioned detection method is all to detect to obtain by high-precision equipment in laboratory, although can accurately obtain
Know the concentration values of heavy metal, but condition is limited, detected on the spot especially for field environment for it is inconvenient and time-consuming
It is long, it is inconvenient with getting up, to influence detection efficiency.And existing detection device is inconvenient in sampling, process dispersion,
To be not easy to obtain solution to be measured.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing detection method is cumbersome, it is not easy to field to detect on the spot, and tool makes
The detection method and its dress for a kind of heavy metal content in soil with inconvenience, do not concentrated, the high disadvantage of operating technology, and proposed
It sets.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil, including soil treatment mechanism and ratio matched with soil treatment mechanism
Color mechanism, the soil treatment mechanism includes seat board, and there are two support plate, the support plates for the top fixed installation of the seat board
Top be welded with horizontally disposed first supporting block, first supporting block is fixedly installed with the first link block, described
Crushing cylinder is fixedly installed between first link block, the top screw thread of the crushing cylinder is equipped with first end cover, the first end
The intermediate position of lid is rotatably equipped with rotating bar, and the rotating bar bottom end extends in crushing cylinder, and the body of rod of rotating bar is fixed
Multiple blades are installed, the bottom end of the crushing cylinder is integrally formed with discharge tube head, among the mutually close side of the support plate
Position is welded with the second supporting block, and second supporting block is fixedly installed with the second link block, two the second link blocks it
Between be fixedly installed with filter tunnel jointly, the top screw thread of the filter tunnel is equipped with second end cover, the second end cover
Position is integrally formed with extension tube head among top, and the bottom end that tube head is discharged extends to and extends in tube head, the second end cover
Activity is equipped with the push rod of U-shaped, and two erect masts of the push rod are located at the two sides for extending tube head, the horizontal body of rod of push rod
In filter tunnel, and the horizontal body of rod middle part position of push rod is fixedly connected with connecting rod, and the top of connecting rod is fixedly connected
There is sprue, sprue extends in discharge tube head, and sprue and discharge tube head inner wall sliding contact, the erect mast of the push rod
Top is T-shaped structure, and the erect mast of the push rod is arranged with spring, and spring is located at outside the top of second end cover；
The colorimetric mechanism includes color board, and the top side of the color board offers mounting groove, the mounting groove
Two sides inner wall is slidably fitted with test paper placement plate, the top two of the test paper placement plate in mounting groove integrally formed with positive stop strip
Side is fixedly connected to inverted L-shaped fixture block.
Preferably, the support plate offers multiple limit threaded holes for equidistantly arranging vertically, the support plate it
Between be also equipped with placement plate, the limit threaded hole that the both ends of the placement plate pass through fixing screws and support plate respectively fixed is pacified
Dress, the top of the placement plate is placed with beaker.
Preferably, the inside of the filter tunnel is placed with filter paper, and the bottom of filter tunnel is integrally formed with valve
The drain tube head of door, the drain tube head, the drain tube head extends in beaker, and the side inner wall of drain tube head and beaker
Contact.
Preferably, the top of the first end cover is fixedly installed with motor, the output shaft of the motor and the top of rotating bar
End is fixedly mounted.
Preferably, the top side of the first end cover is fixedly installed with fluid injection tube head, and the motor is connected with plug.
Preferably, the top of the color board is equipped with multiple colorimetric areas arranged side by side, and colorimetric area is located at mounting groove
Side.
Preferably, the two sides of the test paper placement plate offer sliding slot, and the positive stop strip extends respectively in sliding slot, and
Positive stop strip is slidably installed with sliding slot.
Preferably, pushing block is fixedly connected at the top of one end of the test paper placement plate.
A kind of detection method of heavy metal content in soil, comprising the following steps:
S1: obtaining quantitative soil, and removes bulky grain stone, opens first end cover, soil is poured into crushing cylinder
It is interior, then first end cover is covered, plug and external power are connected, starter motor rotation；
S2: motor drives rotating bar rotation, so that blade crushes soil, closes power supply after crushing 10min, will fit
The acid solution and liquor kalii iodide of amount are added in crushing cylinder by fluid injection tube head, and block fluid injection tube head, and starter motor turns
It is dynamic, so that being stirred crushing to soil, muddy water is obtained after 10min；
S3: pressing push rod by hand, so that push rod overcomes spring to move down, so that sprue removes discharge tube head, so that crushing
Muddy water in cylinder enters in the filter paper in filter tunnel, and control muddy water cannot not have filter paper；
S4: placing beaker, opens the valve of drain tube head, so that filtered solution enters receipts in beaker in filter paper
Collection is stand-by；
S5: the two sides of test paper are injected from the oral area of two fixture blocks, so that test paper is by fixture block defined position, and test paper position
In in test paper placement plate, the solution that beaker obtains in S4 is drawn for rubber head dropper, blend compounds head dropper drips solution in test paper
Detection zone, reacted；
S6: carrying out colorimetric after developing the color 50~500 seconds on test paper, pushing block is pushed to drive test paper placement plate mobile,
So that the color shown on test paper and colorimetric area compare, and color Comparability test more than three times is carried out, to know
The pollution index P of content of beary metal.
Preferably, in the S2, ascorbic acid solution and masking agent solution, the ascorbic acid solution and iodate are additionally added
Its concentration of potassium solution is 0.005mol/L and 0.15mol/L, and masking agent solution is one of 2% phenanthroline and 2%APDC,
The acid solution is nitric acid, and nitric acid makes the [H of aqueous solution+] it is 0.30~0.40mol/L.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, by the soil treatment mechanism of design, it can be realized the convenient soil to acquisition and carry out crushing, stirring, to add
Sufficiently dissolution interior metal chemical combination object can be played after acid supplemented solution, and heavy metal ion is enabled to form ionic state completely, from
And the precision of postorder test paper detection is improved, and the integrated height of entire soil treatment mechanism, realize soil treatment and filtering one
Change and complete, is particularly suitable for the operation at field, in tool set, thus it is easy to carry, and perfect in shape and function, effect are obvious；
2, by the colorimetric mechanism of design, fixed test paper can be facilitated, and facilitate colorimetric, than traditional hand take test paper into
Row, which compares, to be more convenient, and comparison is more stable, and operation is easier, can be avoided the acid in solution and is dropped on hand, safer
Reliably；
Design structure of the present invention is novel, and perfect in shape and function, effect is obvious, and detection method is simple, facilitates operation, technical
It is low, different crowds is enabled adaptation to, is worthy to be popularized, can also be operated even if layman, so as to sell for general
The logical masses use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of soil treatment mechanism main view section view knot of the detection device of heavy metal content in soil proposed by the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of colorimetric mechanism plan structure signal of detection device of heavy metal content in soil proposed by the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of colorimetric mechanism side view structure signal of detection device of heavy metal content in soil proposed by the present invention
Figure.
In figure: 1 seat board, 2 fixing screws, 3 beakers, 4 filter tunnels, 5 filter paper, 6 second end covers, 7 springs, 8 discharge tube heads,
9 first supporting blocks, 10 first link blocks, 11 crushing cylinders, 12 first end covers, 13 fluid injection tube heads, 14 motors, 15 plugs, 16 rotations
Bar, 17 blades, 18 sprues, 19 connecting rods, 20 push rods, 21 second link blocks, 22 second supporting blocks, 23 drain tube heads, 24 are placed
Plate, 25 colorimetric areas, 26 mounting grooves, 27 test paper placement plates, 28 fixture blocks, 29 pushing blocks, 30 color boards, 31 positive stop strips.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Referring to Fig.1-3, a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil, including soil treatment mechanism and and soil processing machine
The matched colorimetric mechanism of structure, soil treatment mechanism include seat board 1, and there are two support plate, support plates for the top fixed installation of seat board 1
Top be welded with horizontally disposed first supporting block 9, the first supporting block 9 is fixedly installed with the first link block 10, first
Crushing cylinder 11 is fixedly installed between link block 10, the top screw thread of crushing cylinder 11 is equipped with first end cover 12, first end cover 12
Intermediate position be rotatably equipped with rotating bar 16,16 bottom end of rotating bar extends in crushing cylinder 11, and the body of rod of rotating bar 16 is solid
Dingan County is equipped with multiple blades 17, and the bottom end of crushing cylinder 11 is integrally formed with discharge tube head 8, the mutually close side middle part of support plate
Position is welded with the second supporting block 22, and the second supporting block 22 is fixedly installed with the second link block 21, two the second link blocks 21
Between be fixedly installed with filter tunnel 4 jointly, the top screw thread of filter tunnel 4 is equipped with second end cover 6, the top of second end cover 6
Hold intermediate position integrally formed with extension tube head, and the bottom end that tube head 8 is discharged extends to and extends in tube head, 6 activity of second end cover
It is equipped with the push rod 20 of U-shaped, two erect masts of push rod 20 are located at the two sides for extending tube head, the horizon bar position of push rod 20
In in filter tunnel 4, and the horizontal body of rod middle part position of push rod 20 is fixedly connected with connecting rod 19, and the top of connecting rod 19 is fixed
It is connected with sprue 18, sprue 18 extends in discharge tube head 8, and sprue 18 and discharge 8 inner wall sliding contact of tube head, push rod 20
The top of erect mast is T-shaped structure, and the erect mast of push rod 20 is arranged with spring 7, and spring 7 is located at the top of second end cover 6
End is outer；
Colorimetric mechanism includes color board 30, and the top side of color board 30 offers mounting groove 26, the two sides of mounting groove 26
Inner wall is slidably fitted with test paper placement plate 27, the top two of test paper placement plate 27 in mounting groove 26 integrally formed with positive stop strip 31
Side is fixedly connected to inverted L-shaped fixture block 28.
As shown in Fig. 2, there are multiple sticks for colorimetric in colorimetric area 25, the corresponding numerical value of each stick is used for test paper
It compares, placement plate 24 is the height for adjusting beaker 3, when so that removing beaker 3, fixing screws 2 can be unlocked, to will burn
Cup 3 is removed from the bottom of drain tube head 23.
The working principle of soil treatment mechanism and colorimetric mechanism is as follows: obtaining quantitative soil, and removes bulky grain stone
Son is opened first end cover 12, soil is poured into crushing cylinder 11, then cover first end cover 12, plug 15 connects with external power
Logical, starter motor 14 rotates, and motor 14 drives rotating bar 16 to rotate, so that blade 17 crushes soil, after crushing 10min
Power supply is closed, suitable acid solution and liquor kalii iodide are added in crushing cylinder 11 by fluid injection tube head 13, and block note
Liquid pipe head 13, starter motor 14 rotate, so that being stirred crushing to soil, obtain muddy water after 10min, press push rod by hand
20, so that push rod 20 overcomes spring to move down, so that sprue 18 removes discharge tube head 8, so that the muddy water in crushing cylinder 11 enters
In filter paper 5 in filter tunnel 4, and control muddy water cannot not have 5 top of filter paper, place beaker 3, open drain tube head 23
Valve so that in filter paper 5 filtered solution enter in beaker 3 collect it is stand-by, by the two sides of test paper from two fixture blocks 28
Oral area injects, so that test paper is by 28 defined position of fixture block, and test paper is located in test paper placement plate 27, for the absorption of rubber head dropper
Solution is dripped the detection zone in test paper, is reacted, developed the color on test paper by the solution that beaker 3 obtains in S4, blend compounds head dropper
Colorimetric is carried out after 50~500 seconds, and pushing block 29 is pushed to drive the movement of test paper placement plate 27, so that shown on test paper
Color and colorimetric area 25 compare, and carry out color Comparability test more than three times, to know that the pollution of content of beary metal refers to
Number P.
Embodiment one
Be added in aqueous solution to be measured ascorbic acid solution and its concentration of liquor kalii iodide be 0.005mol/L and
0.15mol/L makes the [H of aqueous solution of nitric acid+] it is 0.34mol/L, 2% phenanthroline is reacted 300 seconds with cadmium test paper under natural light
Afterwards with colorimetric mechanism colorimetric, for detect cadmium pollution index.
Embodiment two
Be added in aqueous solution to be measured ascorbic acid solution and its concentration of liquor kalii iodide be 0.005mol/L and
0.15mol/L makes the [H of aqueous solution of nitric acid+] be 0.30mol/L, masking agent solution is 2%APDC, under natural light with mercury test paper
Reaction 90 seconds after with colorimetric mechanism colorimetric, for detect mercury pollution index.
Embodiment three
Be added in aqueous solution to be measured ascorbic acid solution and its concentration of liquor kalii iodide be 0.005mol/L and
0.15mol/L makes the [H of aqueous solution of nitric acid+] be 0.40mol/L, masking agent solution is 2%APDC, under natural light with lead indicating paper
Reaction 480 seconds after with colorimetric mechanism colorimetric, for detect lead pollution index.
In addition, according to the method for embodiment three, using test paper to soil, the living area soil, industrial area under natural environment
Soil etc. has carried out quick measurement, and will test result and compareed with the testing result of instrument analytical method, control knot
Fruit is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Pollution is obtained when can be seen that according to upper table and be used for quickly detecting the metallic lead contained in sample with test paper method to refer to
Number range, specific pollution index value is obtained when carrying out quantitative detection to the metallic lead contained in sample with spectrophotometry.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil, including soil treatment mechanism and colorimetric matched with soil treatment mechanism
Mechanism, which is characterized in that the soil treatment mechanism includes seat board (1), and there are two branch for the top fixed installation of the seat board (1)
Fagging, the top of the support plate are welded with horizontally disposed first supporting block (9), and first supporting block (9) is fixed
It is equipped with the first link block (10), is fixedly installed with crushing cylinder (11), the crushing cylinder between first link block (10)
(11) top screw thread is equipped with first end cover (12), and the intermediate position of the first end cover (12) is rotatably equipped with rotating bar
(16), rotating bar (16) bottom end extends in crushing cylinder (11), and the body of rod of rotating bar (16) is fixedly installed with multiple knives
Piece (17), the bottom end of the crushing cylinder (11) is integrally formed with discharge tube head (8), the mutually close side middle part of the support plate
Position is welded with the second supporting block (22), and second supporting block (22) is fixedly installed with the second link block (21), and two the
It is fixedly installed with jointly between two link blocks (21) filter tunnel (4), the top screw thread of the filter tunnel (4) is equipped with second
End cap (6), the top centre position of the second end cover (6) is integrally formed with extension tube head, and the bottom end that tube head (8) are discharged is prolonged
It extends to and extends in tube head, second end cover (6) activity is equipped with the push rod (20) of U-shaped, and two of the push rod (20) are perpendicular
Straight-bar body is located at the two sides for extending tube head, and the horizon bar body of push rod (20) is located in filter tunnel (4), and the level of push rod (20)
Position is fixedly connected with connecting rod (19) among the body of rod, and the top of connecting rod (19) is fixedly connected with sprue (18), sprue (18)
It extends in discharge tube head (8), and sprue (18) and discharge tube head (8) inner wall sliding contact, the vertical bar of the push rod (20)
The top of body is T-shaped structure, and the erect mast of the push rod (20) is arranged with spring (7), and spring (7) is located at second end cover
(6) outside top；
The colorimetric mechanism includes color board (30), and the top side of the color board (30) offers mounting groove (26), described
For the two sides inner wall of mounting groove (26) integrally formed with positive stop strip (31), mounting groove (26) is interior to be slidably fitted with test paper placement plate
(27), the top two sides of the test paper placement plate (27) are fixedly connected to inverted L-shaped fixture block (28).
2. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support plate is equal
Multiple limit threaded holes equidistantly arranged vertically are offered, are also equipped with placement plate (24) between the support plate, it is described to put
The both ends for setting plate (24) pass through fixing screws (2) respectively and the limit threaded hole of support plate is fixedly mounted, the placement plate (24)
Top be placed with beaker (3).
3. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the filter tunnel
(4) inside is placed with filter paper (5), and the bottom of filter tunnel (4) is integrally formed with valvular drain tube head (23), institute
It states drain tube head (23), the drain tube head (23) extends in beaker (3), and the side of drain tube head (23) and beaker (3)
Inner wall contact.
4. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first end cover
(12) top is fixedly installed with motor (14), and the output shaft of the motor (14) and the top of rotating bar (16) are fixedly mounted.
5. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the first end cover
(12) top side is fixedly installed with fluid injection tube head (13), and the motor (14) is connected with plug (15).
6. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the color board
(30) top is equipped with multiple colorimetric areas (25) arranged side by side, and colorimetric area (25) are located at the side of mounting groove (26).
7. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the test paper is placed
The two sides of plate (27) offer sliding slot, and the positive stop strip (31) extends respectively in sliding slot, and positive stop strip (31) and sliding slot are sliding
Dynamic installation.
8. a kind of detection device of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the test paper is placed
Pushing block (29) are fixedly connected at the top of one end of plate (27).
9. a kind of detection method of heavy metal content in soil, which comprises the following steps:
S1: obtaining quantitative soil, and removes bulky grain stone, opens first end cover (12), soil is poured into crushing cylinder
(11) in, then first end cover (12) are covered, plug (15) and external power are connected, starter motor (14) rotation；
S2: motor (14) drives rotating bar (16) rotation, so that blade (17) crushes soil, closes after crushing 10min
Suitable acid solution and liquor kalii iodide are added in crushing cylinder (11) by fluid injection tube head (13), and block note by power supply
Liquid pipe head (13), starter motor (14) rotation, so that being stirred crushing to soil, obtains muddy water after 10min；
S3: pressing push rod (20) by hand, so that push rod (20) overcomes spring to move down, so that sprue (18) removes discharge tube head
(8), so that the muddy water in crushing cylinder (11) enters in the filter paper (5) in filter tunnel (4), and controlling muddy water cannot no filtering
At the top of paper (5)；
S4: placing beaker (3), the valve of drain tube head (23) is opened, so that filtered solution enters burning in filter paper (5)
It is collected in cup (3) stand-by；
S5: the two sides of test paper are injected from the oral area of two fixture blocks (28), so that test paper is by fixture block (28) defined position, Er Qieshi
Paper is located on test paper placement plate (27), draws the solution that beaker (3) obtains in S4 for rubber head dropper, blend compounds head dropper will be molten
Drop is reacted in the detection zone of test paper；
S6: carrying out colorimetric after developing the color 50~500 seconds on test paper, pushing block (29) is pushed to make that test paper placement plate (27) is driven to move
It is dynamic, so that the color shown on test paper and colorimetric area (25) compare, and color Comparability test more than three times is carried out, from
And know the pollution index P of content of beary metal.
10. a kind of detection method of heavy metal content in soil according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the S2, also
Be added ascorbic acid solution and masking agent solution, the ascorbic acid solution and its concentration of liquor kalii iodide be 0.005mol/L and
0.15mol/L, masking agent solution are one of 2% phenanthroline and 2%APDC, and the acid solution is nitric acid, and nitric acid makes
[the H of aqueous solution+] it is 0.30~0.40mol/L.
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