CN108955150B - Microwave drying process for tea production and processing - Google Patents
Microwave drying process for tea production and processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108955150B CN108955150B CN201810844116.1A CN201810844116A CN108955150B CN 108955150 B CN108955150 B CN 108955150B CN 201810844116 A CN201810844116 A CN 201810844116A CN 108955150 B CN108955150 B CN 108955150B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/20—Teas, i.e. drying, conditioning, withering of tea leaves
Abstract
The invention discloses microwave drying equipment for tea production and processing, which comprises a microwave heating device, a driving mechanism, an inflator and a vacuum pump, wherein the microwave heating device is arranged on the lower part of a tea leaf; the microwave heating device comprises a microwave heating container and a rotary heating barrel arranged in the microwave heating container, wherein the rotary heating barrel is concentrically provided with a hollow rotating shaft, a driving mechanism is in driving connection with the hollow rotating shaft, and the driving mechanism can drive the hollow rotating shaft and drive the rotary heating barrel to rotate in the microwave heating container; the inflator is provided with a gas output pipeline, the vacuum pump is provided with a gas input pipeline, the inflator can be started to fill gas into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder, and the vacuum pump can be started to pump out the gas in the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder. The microwave drying equipment for tea production and processing and the drying process thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the tea drying effect is good, and the quality of the finished tea is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea processing and production, and particularly relates to a microwave drying process for tea production and processing.
Background
In the tea production and processing, tea needs to be dried, and the existing device for drying tea has a single structure. If the tea leaves are not dried sufficiently, the quality of finished tea leaves is affected, and the drying production efficiency of the tea leaves is reduced. When tea leaves are dried, the drying process is particularly important, the tea can be baked out perfectly in color, fragrance and taste by a reasonable process method, and the tea quality is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the microwave drying process for tea production and processing, the drying equipment is sufficient in drying tea leaves, high in efficiency, suitable for large-scale tea production and processing, reasonable and unique in drying process, free of adverse effect on finished tea products and capable of improving the quality of the finished tea products.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the aim, the tea microwave drying equipment suitable for the microwave drying process comprises a microwave heating device, a driving mechanism, an aerator and a vacuum pump; the microwave heating device comprises a microwave heating container and a rotary heating cylinder arranged in the microwave heating container, and the microwave heating container can heat the rotary heating cylinder; the rotary heating barrel is concentrically provided with a hollow rotating shaft, the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the hollow rotating shaft, and the driving mechanism can drive the hollow rotating shaft and drive the rotary heating barrel to rotate in the microwave heating container;
the rotary heating cylinder and the middle idle shaft are both of a hollow shell structure, a plurality of uniformly distributed air guide pipes are arranged at the part of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder, and the hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder is communicated with the hollow chamber of the hollow rotating shaft through the air guide pipes;
the inflator is provided with a gas output pipeline, the vacuum pump is provided with a gas input pipeline, the inflator is communicated with one end of the hollow rotating shaft through the gas output pipeline, the vacuum pump is communicated with the other end of the hollow rotating shaft through the gas input pipeline, the inflator can be started to fill gas into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder, and the vacuum pump can be started to pump out the gas in the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder.
Further, the rotary heating cylinder comprises an annular cylinder shell and a plurality of isolation conical shells arranged at the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell, and the annular cylinder shell is communicated with the isolation conical shells; the isolation cone shell is circumferentially arrayed at the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell, the isolation cone shell is gradually narrowed from the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell to the center of the annular cylinder shell, and the isolation cone shell extends in a linear mode along the length extending direction of the annular cylinder shell, and is adjacent to the isolation cone shell, a tea temporary storage heating groove is formed between the isolation cone shells.
Furthermore, a plurality of micropores which are uniformly distributed are respectively formed in the isolation conical shell, and the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder is communicated with the hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder through the micropores.
Furthermore, the microwave heating device is provided with a detachable cover, the detachable cover is arranged on the hollow rotating shaft in a sliding fit mode, and an annular handle is arranged on the detachable cover; the detachable cover comprises a cover plate and an embedded plate arranged on the cover plate; the microwave heating container and the rotary heating cylinder are horizontally and transversely arranged, openings are respectively formed in the side faces in the same direction of the microwave heating container and the rotary heating cylinder, the covering plate covers the openings of the microwave heating container, and the embedding plate is embedded into the openings of the rotary heating cylinder.
Further, a first limiting block is arranged on the hollow rotating shaft and is close to the detachable cover;
the microwave drying equipment further comprises a feeding auxiliary device, wherein the feeding auxiliary device comprises a feeding hopper, a material conveying pipeline, an arc-shaped cover plate and two second limiting blocks, the feeding hopper is communicated with a material input pipe orifice of the material conveying pipeline, the arc-shaped cover plate is fixedly arranged on the material conveying pipeline, and the two second limiting blocks are symmetrical about the material conveying pipeline and are arranged on an arc-shaped inner concave surface of the arc-shaped cover plate;
can dismantle lid and microwave heating device under the separation state through the annular handle, can dismantle lid and microwave heating device and have the interval, the overlay supports and leans on first stopper to set up, arc apron lid closes the side of overlay and the side setting of microwave heating container, one of them the second stopper supports and leans on the overlay setting, another the second stopper supports and leans on the open-ended mouth edge setting of microwave heating container, material pipeline's material output pipe mouth extends to in the tealeaves heating chamber of rotatory cartridge heater.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a belt, a driving belt wheel and a driven belt wheel, the motor is in driving connection with the driving belt wheel, the driven belt wheel is fixedly arranged on the hollow rotating shaft, and the driving belt wheel is in belt driving connection with the driven belt wheel through the belt; the bottom of the microwave heating container is provided with a bearing, and the hollow rotating shaft penetrates through an inner ring of the bearing and is fixedly arranged with the bearing.
Further, still include the frame, the frame includes the support flat board and the hydraulic push rod who is connected with the dull and stereotyped push-and-pull of support, the frame still includes first supporting leg and second supporting leg, the articulated setting of support flat board one end and first supporting leg, the support flat board other end supports with the second supporting leg and leans on the setting, hydraulic push rod is close to the setting of second supporting leg, microwave heating container, aerator, vacuum pump and motor all set firmly on the dull and stereotyped face of support through the bracing piece.
Furthermore, a notch is formed in the supporting flat plate and located right below the opening of the rotary heating cylinder, and a material conveying device is arranged below the notch.
Further, the gas outlet end of the gas output pipeline is communicated with the gas inlet end of the hollow rotating shaft through a first rotating joint, and a first control valve is arranged on the gas output pipeline; the gas inlet end of the gas input pipeline is communicated with the gas outlet end of the hollow rotating shaft through a second rotating joint, and a second control valve is arranged on the gas input pipeline.
The microwave drying process for tea production and processing comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the detachable cover is separated from the microwave heating device through the annular handle, the feeding auxiliary device is fixed, a proper amount of tea leaves to be dried are conveyed into the tea leaf heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder through the feeding hopper, and then the detachable cover and the microwave heating device are combined completely through the annular handle;
step two: opening the first control valve, closing the second control valve, injecting air into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder through the inflator, wherein the air enters the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder through the micropores, and when the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder and the tea heating cavity are filled with appropriate amount of gas, closing the first control valve and the inflator in sequence;
step three: the microwave heating container and the motor are started simultaneously, the air in the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder, the air in the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder and the air in the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder are heated by the microwave heating container, the rotary heating cylinder is driven by the motor to rotate to continuously overturn tea, the tea enters the tea temporary storage heating groove for temporary storage, and then is poured out from the tea temporary storage heating groove, so that the circulation is realized, and the uniformity of tea heating and drying is ensured;
adjusting the heating temperature of the microwave heating container to 120 ℃, and timing from the heating temperature in the microwave heating container to 120 ℃, wherein the tea leaf drying time is 60 min;
step four: opening a second control valve, starting a vacuum pump, pumping out gas and water vapor in the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder, when the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder is in a vacuum state, closing the second control valve and the vacuum pump in sequence, opening a first control valve, starting an inflator to recharge fresh air into the hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder, and closing the first control valve and the inflator in sequence after the air inflation is finished;
the time interval between the starting inflation of the inflator and the starting air extraction of the vacuum pump is 5-7 min;
step five: after the tea leaves are dried, opening the first control valve, closing the second control valve, injecting air into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder through the aerator, and closing the first control valve and the aerator when the pressure in the tea leaf heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder is the same as the external pressure;
can dismantle lid and microwave heating device separation through the annular handle, start hydraulic push rod, promote the support flat board and drive microwave heating device slope, fall the tealeaves after will drying on material conveyor, accomplish the transport of tealeaves through material conveyor.
Has the advantages that: the microwave drying equipment for tea production and processing and the drying process thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) when the tea is dried, the rotary heating cylinder can realize the circulating turnover drying of the tea, so that the uniformity of the heating and drying of the tea is ensured, and the drying efficiency of the tea is improved;
(2) gas is injected into the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder, so that the pressure is increased, the tea is pressed, the moisture of the tea can be discharged more easily while the tea is dried, and the tea drying efficiency is improved;
(3) the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder is vacuumized, on one hand, water vapor is discharged, on the other hand, tea tissue is expanded, and subsequent drying of tea is facilitated.
The microwave drying process for tea production and processing provided by the invention is reasonable in process and high in tea drying efficiency, improves the quality of finished tea products on the premise of not causing adverse effects on the finished tea products, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention:
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the feed assist apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a microwave heating apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the microwave heating apparatus;
fig. 6 is a side view of the microwave heating apparatus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, the microwave tea drying device suitable for the microwave drying process comprises a microwave heating device 3, a driving mechanism 4, an inflator 12 and a vacuum pump 20; the microwave heating device 3 comprises a microwave heating container 31 and a rotary heating cylinder 32 arranged in the microwave heating container 31, wherein the microwave heating container 31 can heat the rotary heating cylinder 32; the rotary heating cylinder 32 is concentrically provided with a hollow rotating shaft 17, the driving mechanism 4 is in driving connection with the hollow rotating shaft 17, and the driving mechanism 4 can drive the hollow rotating shaft 17 and drive the rotary heating cylinder 32 to rotate in the microwave heating container 31; the rotary heating cylinder 32 and the middle idle shaft 17 are both of a hollow shell structure, a plurality of uniformly distributed air ducts 24 are arranged in the part of the rotating shaft 17, which is positioned in the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32, and the hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32 is communicated with the hollow chamber of the hollow rotating shaft 17 through the air ducts 24; the inflator 12 has a gas output pipe 13, the vacuum pump 20 has a gas input pipe 21, the inflator 12 is communicated with one end of the hollow rotating shaft 17 through the gas output pipe 13, the vacuum pump 20 is communicated with the other end of the hollow rotating shaft 17 through the gas input pipe 21, the inflator 12 is started to charge gas into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32, and the vacuum pump 20 is started to pump out the gas in the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32.
The rotary heating cylinder 32 comprises an annular cylinder shell 321 and a plurality of isolation conical shells 322 arranged at the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell 321, and the annular cylinder shell 321 is communicated with the isolation conical shells 322; keep apart awl shell 322 and be the circumference array distribution at annular barrel casing 321's inner circle, keep apart awl shell 322 and be the form of narrowing down gradually from annular barrel casing 321's inner circle to annular barrel casing 321's center, and keep apart awl shell 322 and be the linear type mode along annular barrel casing 321's length extending direction and extend, adjacent it all constitutes tealeaves holding in the hot groove 25 of keeping in between the awl shell 322, tealeaves holding in the hot groove 25 of keeping in can partly tealeaves of keeping in when rotatory heating cylinder 32 is rotatory, continues rotatory tealeaves of pouring in the place of again gradually at rotatory heating cylinder 32, makes tealeaves upset range bigger, more is favorable to the stoving of tealeaves.
It is convenient for gas and vapor to pass through, a plurality of keep apart and seted up a plurality of micropores that distribute evenly on the awl shell 322 respectively, the tealeaves heating cavity of rotary heating section of thick bamboo 32 passes through the well cavity intercommunication of a plurality of micropores and rotary heating section of thick bamboo 32.
The microwave heating device 3 is provided with a detachable cover 1, the detachable cover 1 is arranged on the hollow rotating shaft 17 in a sliding fit mode, and an annular handle 26 is arranged on the detachable cover 1; the detachable lid 1 comprises a cover plate 22 and an embedded plate 23 arranged on the cover plate 22; the microwave heating container 31 and the rotary heating cylinder 32 are horizontally and transversely arranged, the side surfaces of the microwave heating container 31 and the rotary heating cylinder 32 in the same direction are respectively provided with an opening, the covering plate 22 is arranged to cover the opening of the microwave heating container 31, and the embedded plate 23 is arranged to be embedded into the opening of the rotary heating cylinder 32.
A first limiting block 16 is arranged on the hollow rotating shaft 17, and the first limiting block 16 is arranged close to the detachable cover 1; the microwave drying equipment further comprises a feeding auxiliary device 8, the feeding auxiliary device 8 is arranged to more conveniently convey tea leaves into the tea leaf heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32, the feeding auxiliary device 8 comprises a feeding hopper 81, a material conveying pipeline 82, an arc-shaped cover plate 83 and two second limiting blocks 84, the feeding hopper 81 is communicated with a material inlet pipe orifice of the material conveying pipeline 82, the arc-shaped cover plate 83 is fixedly arranged on the material conveying pipeline 82, and the two second limiting blocks 84 are symmetrical about the material conveying pipeline 82 and are arranged on an arc-shaped inner concave surface of the arc-shaped cover plate 83; when the detachable cover 1 is separated from the microwave heating device 3 through the ring-shaped handle 26, the detachable cover 1 has a distance 51 with the microwave heating device 3, the cover plate 22 is arranged by abutting against the first limit block 16, the arc-shaped cover plate 83 covers the side surface of the cover plate 22 and the side surface of the microwave heating container 31, one of the second limit blocks 84 is arranged by abutting against the cover plate 22, the other second limit block 84 is arranged by abutting against the opening edge of the opening of the microwave heating container 31, the fixing stability of the feeding auxiliary device 8 is ensured, and the material output pipe opening of the material conveying pipeline 82 extends into the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32.
The driving mechanism 4 comprises a motor 41, a belt 42, a driving pulley 43 and a driven pulley 44, the motor 41 is in driving connection with the driving pulley 43, the driven pulley 44 is fixedly arranged on the hollow rotating shaft 17, and the driving pulley 43 is in belt driving connection with the driven pulley 44 through the belt 42; the bottom of the microwave heating container 31 is provided with a bearing 50, and the hollow rotating shaft 17 passes through the inner ring of the bearing 50 and is fixedly arranged with the bearing.
The microwave heating device further comprises a frame 9, the frame 9 comprises a support flat plate 91 and a hydraulic push rod 93 connected with the support flat plate 91 in a push-pull mode, the frame 9 further comprises a first support leg 92 and a second support leg 94, one end of the support flat plate 91 is hinged to the first support leg 92, the other end of the support flat plate 91 is abutted to the second support leg 94, the hydraulic push rod 93 is close to the second support leg 94, and the microwave heating container 31, the inflator 12, the vacuum pump 20 and the motor 41 are fixedly arranged on the plate surface of the support flat plate 91 through a support rod 11.
A notch 911 is formed in the support flat plate 91, the notch 911 is located right below the opening of the rotary heating cylinder 32, and the material conveying device 10 is arranged below the notch 911.
The gas outlet end of the gas output pipeline 13 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the hollow rotating shaft 17 through a first rotating joint 15, and a first control valve 14 is arranged on the gas output pipeline 13; the gas inlet end of the gas input pipeline 21 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the hollow rotating shaft 17 through a second rotating joint 18, and a second control valve 19 is arranged on the gas input pipeline 21.
The microwave drying process for tea production and processing comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the detachable cover 1 is separated from the microwave heating device 3 through the annular handle 26, the feeding auxiliary device 8 is fixed, a proper amount of tea leaves to be dried are conveyed into the tea leaf heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32 through the feed hopper 81, and then the detachable cover 1 and the microwave heating device 3 are integrally combined through the annular handle 26;
step two: opening the first control valve 14, closing the second control valve 19, injecting air into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32 through the inflator 12, wherein the air enters the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32 through the micropores, and sequentially closing the first control valve 14 and the inflator 12 after the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32 and the tea heating cavity are filled with appropriate amounts of gas;
step three: simultaneously starting the microwave heating container 31 and the motor 41, heating the air in the hollow cavities of the rotary heating cylinder 32, the rotary heating cylinder 32 and the air in the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32 by the microwave heating container 31, rotating the rotary heating cylinder 32 under the driving of the motor 41 to continuously overturn the tea, temporarily storing the tea in the tea temporary storage heating groove 25, and pouring the tea out of the tea temporary storage heating groove 25, so that the circulation is realized, and the uniformity of heating and drying the tea is ensured;
the heating temperature of the microwave heating container 31 is adjusted to 120 ℃, timing is started when the temperature in the microwave heating container 31 is heated to 120 ℃, and the tea leaf drying time is 60 min;
step four: opening the second control valve 19, starting the vacuum pump 20, pumping out gas and water vapor in the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32, when the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32 is in a vacuum state, sequentially closing the second control valve 19 and the vacuum pump 20, opening the first control valve 14, starting the inflator 12 to refill fresh air into the hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder 32, and sequentially closing the first control valve 14 and the inflator 12 after the air is refilled;
the time interval between the starting inflation of the inflator 12 and the starting air extraction of the vacuum pump 20 is 5-7 min;
step five: after the tea leaves are dried, opening the first control valve 14, closing the second control valve 19, injecting air into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32 through the aerator 12, and closing the first control valve 14 and the aerator 12 when the pressure in the tea leaf heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder 32 is the same as the external pressure;
the detachable cover 1 is separated from the microwave heating device 3 through the annular handle 26, the hydraulic push rod 93 is started, the supporting flat plate 91 is pushed, the microwave heating device 3 is driven to incline, the dried tea leaves are poured onto the material conveying device 10, and the tea leaves are conveyed through the material conveying device 10.
The invention has the following advantages:
(4) when the tea is dried, the rotary heating cylinder can realize the circulating turnover drying of the tea, so that the uniformity of the heating and drying of the tea is ensured, and the drying efficiency of the tea is improved;
(5) gas is injected into the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder, so that the pressure is increased, the tea is pressed, the moisture of the tea can be discharged more easily while the tea is dried, and the tea drying efficiency is improved;
(6) the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder is vacuumized, on one hand, water vapor is discharged, on the other hand, tea tissue is expanded, and subsequent drying of tea is facilitated.
The microwave drying equipment has reasonable drying process and high tea leaf drying efficiency, improves the quality of finished tea leaves on the premise of not causing adverse effect on the finished tea leaves, and is favorable for large-scale popularization and use.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A microwave drying process for tea production and processing is characterized in that:
the tea microwave drying equipment suitable for the microwave drying process comprises a microwave heating device (3), a driving mechanism (4), an aerator (12) and a vacuum pump (20); the microwave heating device (3) comprises a microwave heating container (31) and a rotary heating cylinder (32) arranged in the microwave heating container (31), and the microwave heating container (31) can heat the rotary heating cylinder (32); the rotary heating cylinder (32) is concentrically provided with a hollow rotating shaft (17), the driving mechanism (4) is in driving connection with the hollow rotating shaft (17), and the driving mechanism (4) can drive the hollow rotating shaft (17) and drive the rotary heating cylinder (32) to rotate in the microwave heating container (31);
the tea leaf heating device is characterized in that the rotary heating cylinder (32) and the middle idle shaft (17) are both of a hollow shell structure, a plurality of uniformly distributed air guide pipes (24) are arranged at the part, located in the tea leaf heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32), of the rotary shaft (17), and the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) is communicated with the hollow cavity of the hollow rotary shaft (17) through the air guide pipes (24);
the inflator (12) is provided with a gas output pipeline (13), the vacuum pump (20) is provided with a gas input pipeline (21), the inflator (12) is communicated with one end of the hollow rotating shaft (17) through the gas output pipeline (13), the vacuum pump (20) is communicated with the other end of the hollow rotating shaft (17) through the gas input pipeline (21), the inflator (12) can be started to charge gas into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32), and the vacuum pump (20) can be started to pump out the gas in the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32);
the rotary heating cylinder (32) comprises an annular cylinder shell (321) and a plurality of isolation conical shells (322) arranged at the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell (321), and the annular cylinder shell (321) is communicated with the isolation conical shells (322); the isolation cone shells (322) are distributed in a circumferential array at the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell (321), the isolation cone shells (322) are gradually narrowed from the inner ring of the annular cylinder shell (321) to the center of the annular cylinder shell (321), the isolation cone shells (322) extend in a linear mode along the length extension direction of the annular cylinder shell (321), and a tea temporary storage heating groove (25) is formed between every two adjacent isolation cone shells (322);
a plurality of micropores which are uniformly distributed are respectively formed in the isolation conical shells (322), and a tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32) is communicated with a hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32) through the micropores;
the microwave heating device (3) is provided with a detachable cover (1), the detachable cover (1) is arranged on the hollow rotating shaft (17) in a sliding fit mode, and an annular handle (26) is arranged on the detachable cover (1); the detachable cover (1) comprises a cover plate (22) and an embedded plate (23) arranged on the cover plate (22); the microwave heating container (31) and the rotary heating cylinder (32) are horizontally and transversely arranged, the side surfaces in the same direction of the microwave heating container (31) and the rotary heating cylinder (32) are respectively provided with an opening, the covering plate (22) is arranged to cover the opening of the microwave heating container (31), and the embedded plate (23) is arranged to be embedded into the opening of the rotary heating cylinder (32);
a first limiting block (16) is arranged on the hollow rotating shaft (17), and the first limiting block (16) is arranged close to the detachable cover (1);
the microwave drying equipment further comprises a feeding auxiliary device (8), wherein the feeding auxiliary device (8) comprises a feeding hopper (81), a material conveying pipeline (82), an arc-shaped cover plate (83) and two second limiting blocks (84), the feeding hopper (81) is communicated with a material input pipe orifice of the material conveying pipeline (82), the arc-shaped cover plate (83) is fixedly arranged on the material conveying pipeline (82), and the two second limiting blocks (84) are symmetrical about the material conveying pipeline (82) and are arranged on an arc-shaped inner concave surface of the arc-shaped cover plate (83);
when the detachable cover (1) is separated from the microwave heating device (3) through the annular handle (26), the detachable cover (1) has a distance (51) with the microwave heating device (3), the covering plate (22) is arranged against the first limiting block (16), the arc-shaped covering plate (83) covers the side surface of the covering plate (22) and the side surface of the microwave heating container (31), one second limiting block (84) is arranged against the covering plate (22), the other second limiting block (84) is arranged against the opening edge of the opening of the microwave heating container (31), and the material output pipe opening of the material conveying pipeline (82) extends into the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32);
the driving mechanism (4) comprises a motor (41), a belt (42), a driving belt wheel (43) and a driven belt wheel (44), the motor (41) is in driving connection with the driving belt wheel (43), the driven belt wheel (44) is fixedly arranged on the hollow rotating shaft (17), and the driving belt wheel (43) is in belt transmission connection with the driven belt wheel (44) through the belt (42); a bearing (50) is arranged at the bottom of the microwave heating container (31), and the hollow rotating shaft (17) penetrates through an inner ring of the bearing (50) and is fixedly arranged with the bearing;
the microwave heating device is characterized by further comprising a rack (9), wherein the rack (9) comprises a support flat plate (91) and a hydraulic push rod (93) connected with the support flat plate (91) in a push-pull mode, the rack (9) further comprises a first support leg (92) and a second support leg (94), one end of the support flat plate (91) is hinged to the first support leg (92), the other end of the support flat plate (91) is abutted to the second support leg (94), the hydraulic push rod (93) is arranged close to the second support leg (94), and the microwave heating container (31), the inflator (12), the vacuum pump (20) and the motor (41) are fixedly arranged on the plate surface of the support flat plate (91) through a support rod (11);
a notch (911) is formed in the supporting flat plate (91), the notch (911) is located right below the opening of the rotary heating cylinder (32), and a material conveying device (10) is arranged below the notch (911);
the gas outlet end of the gas output pipeline (13) is communicated with the gas inlet end of the hollow rotating shaft (17) through a first rotating joint (15), and a first control valve (14) is arranged on the gas output pipeline (13); the air inlet end of the air input pipeline (21) is communicated with the air outlet end of the hollow rotating shaft (17) through a second rotary joint (18), and a second control valve (19) is arranged on the air input pipeline (21);
the drying process for tea production and processing comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the detachable cover (1) is separated from the microwave heating device (3) through the annular handle (26), the feeding auxiliary device (8) is fixed, a proper amount of tea leaves to be dried are conveyed into the tea leaf heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32) through the feeding hopper (81), and then the detachable cover (1) and the microwave heating device (3) are combined completely through the annular handle (26);
step two: opening a first control valve (14), closing a second control valve (19), injecting air into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) through an inflator (12), wherein the air enters the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) through the micropores, and sequentially closing the first control valve (14) and the inflator (12) after the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) and the tea heating cavity are filled with appropriate amounts of gas;
step three: simultaneously starting the microwave heating container (31) and the motor (41), heating air in the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) and air in the tea heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) by the microwave heating container (31), continuously overturning tea by the rotary heating cylinder (32) under the driving of the motor (41), temporarily storing the tea in the tea temporarily storing and heating groove (25), and pouring the tea out from the tea temporarily storing and heating groove (25), so as to circulate, and ensure the uniformity of tea heating and drying;
the heating temperature of the microwave heating container (31) is adjusted to 120 ℃, timing is started when the temperature in the microwave heating container (31) is heated to 120 ℃, and the tea drying time is 60 min;
step four: opening a second control valve (19), starting a vacuum pump (20), pumping out gas and water vapor in a tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32), when the tea heating chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32) is in a vacuum state, closing the second control valve (19) and the vacuum pump (20) in sequence, opening a first control valve (14), starting an inflator (12) to refill fresh air into the hollow chamber of the rotary heating cylinder (32), and closing the first control valve (14) and the inflator (12) in sequence after the air inflation is finished;
the time interval between the start inflation of the inflator (12) and the start air exhaust of the vacuum pump (20) is 5-7 min;
step five: after the tea leaves are dried, opening a first control valve (14), closing a second control valve (19), injecting air into the hollow cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) through an aerator (12), and closing the first control valve (14) and the aerator (12) when the pressure in the tea leaf heating cavity of the rotary heating cylinder (32) is the same as the external pressure;
the detachable cover (1) is separated from the microwave heating device (3) through the annular handle (26), the hydraulic push rod (93) is started, the supporting flat plate (91) is pushed, the microwave heating device (3) is driven to incline, the dried tea leaves are poured onto the material conveying device (10), and the tea leaves are conveyed through the material conveying device (10).
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| CN109883157A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-14 | 扬州大学 | A kind of mobile vacuum pulse microwave drying chamber |
| CN110879005B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-11-03 | 杭州职业技术学院 | Microwave medicinal material vacuum drying method |
| CN114719581A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 陆惠南 | Carbon material baking equipment |
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