CN108954434B - Range hood with wavelet transformation noise reduction function and noise reduction method - Google Patents
Range hood with wavelet transformation noise reduction function and noise reduction method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
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Abstract
A wavelet transformation noise reduction range hood and a noise reduction method are disclosed, wherein noise signals are decomposed into a plurality of sub-band signals, a band-pass filter weight vector is obtained through conversion, the obtained band-pass filter weight vector is converted to generate a corresponding loudspeaker sound field, equal-intensity sound wave signals are transmitted to corresponding loudspeakers, and the noise sound waves generated by the range hood are offset or counteracted through sound waves generated by the corresponding loudspeakers, so that noise reduction is realized. The range hood with the wavelet transformation noise reduction function achieves the optimization of the performance of the range hood through the arrangement of a low-damping full-surrounding structure or a low-damping half-surrounding structure and a self-adaptive function, and meanwhile, the work is completed under the operation of low noise, the technical difficulty that the noise and the performance are mutually contradictory is solved, and on the premise of not sacrificing the performance of oil smoke absorption of the range hood, the noise generated by the range hood during the operation is relatively low, and the negative influences of a user on physiology and psychology are not caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of range hoods, in particular to a range hood with wavelet transformation denoising function and a denoising method.
Background
The existing active noise reduction technology, for example, the application in the earphone is a point-to-point noise reduction technology, that is, directional noise reduction, which cannot effectively eliminate noise with a large range. These techniques focus on eliminating one dimension of the plane acoustic wave in a small enclosed duct or space, which is very effective at low frequency ranges (less than 500 Hz). In order to realize low noise, the existing range hood generally directly sets low air volume, namely the low noise is realized by sacrificing the performance of oil smoke absorption of the range hood, but the oil smoke absorption effect is greatly reduced; in addition, some active noise reduction devices are arranged, but the active noise reduction can only reduce the noise within 1000Hz, and the active noise reduction devices cannot be adapted to high-order acoustic modes. However, in three-dimensional space, higher-order acoustic modes cannot be ignored, and noise reduction is very difficult and complicated especially in a closed large-space pipeline. Under the general condition, a plurality of standing waves and sound waves in different directions are mutually interfered and superposed, so that the noise reduction difficulty of the three-dimensional space is greatly increased.
Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, it is necessary to provide a range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction and a noise reduction method to solve the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a noise reduction method of a range hood for wavelet transform noise reduction, which avoids the defects of the prior art. The noise reduction method of the range hood with wavelet transformation noise reduction can effectively reduce a large amount of calculation and improve the noise reduction effect of a three-dimensional space by adopting a signal processing method of a plurality of sub-bands.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.
The method for reducing the noise of the range hood by wavelet transform noise reduction comprises the following steps of:
determining and fixing the positions of A noise acquisition sensors, Q error feedback sensors and K loudspeakers;
step two, determining a transfer function T from an initial noise source to a noise acquisition sensor1Transfer function T of loudspeaker to target noise reduction space2And transfer function T of noise collection sensor to target noise reduction space3；
Step three, respectively collecting the noise collection sensor signals of the regions in which the A noise collection sensors are positioned in the space of the smoke machine, specifically R1(n)，......，Ri(n),......,RA(n), i is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to A, i is a positive integer,
q error feedback noise sensors collect signals of the error feedback sensors respectively in the areas, specifically epsilon1(n)，......,εv(n),......,εQ(n), v is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and v and Q are positive integers;
step four, converting the noise acquisition sensor signals collected by the A noise acquisition sensors obtained in the step three into R (n) ═ R1(n)......Ri(n).......RA(n)]After Q noise acquisition sensors are corrected, the signal of the error return sensor is converted into epsilon (n) ═ epsilon1(n)......εv(n)......εQ(n)]；
Step five, correcting R (n) in step four into R (n) through the formula (I)
Step six, the D band-pass filters of the three-dimensional space noise reduction control unit enable the D band-pass filters obtained in the step five
The corresponding decomposition into L subbands: r is1(k)，......，rg(k)，......，rL(k) And correspondingly decomposing the data obtained in the step four into L subbands: e.g. of the type1(k)，......，eg(k)，......，eL(k) L is more than or equal to g and more than or equal to 2, and L and g are positive integers;
step seven, the sub-band r obtained in the step six is used1(k)，......，rg(k)，......，rL(k) And e1(k)，......，eg(k)，......，eL(k) Calculating adaptive weight coefficients w of L subbands by filtering X least mean square1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) W (K) is a matrix of K × A × D, r (K) is Q × (A × K × D), e (K) is a matrix of Q × D;
step (ii) ofEighthly, adapting the L sub-bands of the D band-pass filters to the weight coefficient w1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) Performing fast wavelet transform to convert into L multiplied by Z frequency bands, wherein Z is a matrix of K multiplied by A multiplied by D, and D is a positive integer;
step nine, superposing the L multiplied by Z frequency bands obtained in the step eight by a frequency superposition method to form a unique A multiplied by K matrix signal frequency;
step ten, carrying out Fourier inverse transformation solution on the frequency of the A multiplied by K matrix signal obtained in the step nine to obtain a weight vector W of the band-pass filterij(n), wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and i is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to A;
step eleven, obtaining the weight vector W of the band-pass filter in the step elevenij(n) converting to generate K loudspeaker sound fields, wherein the K loudspeaker sound fields respectively correspond to S1(n)，.....，Sj(n)，.....，SK(n), wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and acquiring an initial noise source R through a noise sensor according to a formula (II)i(n) and the bandpass filter weight vector Wji(n) to estimate the final noise field S of the j-th loudspeaker output signalj(n)，
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is Wij(n) a transpose of the matrix,
is Ri(n) by T2Transposed matrix after transfer function, Sj(n) is an equal intensity acoustic signal 180 ° opposite to the noise source;
step twelve, the equal intensity sound wave signal S1(n)，.....，Sj(n)，.....,SK(n) transmitting to the K loudspeakers respectively;
thirteen, returning the detection effect of the sensor by the error, iterating and correcting the self-adaptive weight coefficient to obtain the final self-adaptive weight coefficient meeting the requirementAdapting the weight coefficients and obtaining Sj' (n), go to step fourteen;
step fourteen, with Sj' (n) the final equal intensity sound wave signal is correspondingly transmitted to the corresponding loudspeaker.
The representation of the three-dimensional noise reduction model is supervised by expressing the cost function of the full band of the formula (III) by the mean square error of the error sensor signal,
wherein n is an iterative index through an adaptive algorithm;
the above-mentioned
Wherein epsilonv(n)＝A(n)+Sj(n)·T2Where A (n) is the final noise field created by the initial noise source after transmission through the interior space of the machine.
Preferably, the step thirteen concretely comprises the steps of,
step 13.1, presetting a noise value Γ (n) ═ C of the error feedback noise sensor, where C is the noise value of the area where the error feedback noise sensor is located, and judging Γ (n) and [ a (n) -Sj(n)T2]2When [ A (n) -S ] isj(n)T2]2When the value is more than C, the step 13.2 is entered, when the value is [ A (n) -S [)j(n)T2]2When the temperature is less than or equal to C, entering the step 13.4;
step 13.2, mixing w1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) Respectively substituting formula (IV) to respectively obtain new w1(k+1)，......，wg(k+1)，......，wLL adaptive weight coefficients of (k +1), μ being a convergence factor, are entered in step 13.3,
w (k +1) ═ w (k) + [ μ r (k) e (k) ] formula (IV);
step 13.3, let w1(k+1)＝w1(k)，......，wg(k+1)＝wg(k)，......，wL(k+1)＝wL(k) Respectively, filter weight vector, and entering the stepEighthly;
step 13.4, let Sj(n)＝Sj' (n), proceed to step fourteen.
Preferably, the above C value ranges from-0.001 dB to 0.001 dB.
The invention relates to a method for reducing noise of a range hood by wavelet transform noise reduction, which decomposes noise signals into a plurality of sub-band signals, converts the sub-band signals to obtain a weight vector of a band-pass filter, converts the weight vector of the band-pass filter to generate a corresponding loudspeaker sound field, transmits equal-intensity sound wave signals to a corresponding loudspeaker, and cancels or cancels the noise sound wave generated by the range hood by the sound wave generated by the corresponding loudspeaker to realize noise reduction. The range hood is provided with a range hood main body and a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device for actively reducing noise, wherein the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is assembled inside the range hood main body. Moreover, the method for reducing the noise of the range hood by wavelet transform noise reduction is mainly characterized in that a signal processing method of a plurality of sub-bands is adopted and a filter least mean square (F-XLMS) algorithm is combined, so that a large amount of calculation can be effectively reduced, and the noise reduction effect of a three-dimensional space is improved. Meanwhile, the calculated amount is inversely proportional to the number of sub-bands, so that the stability of the system can be enhanced, and the convergence can be fast. Another advantage of this method is that it can remove signal delay and improve the overall noise reduction effect.
The invention also provides a smoke ventilator adopting the wavelet transformation noise reduction method, which is provided with a smoke ventilator main body and a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device for active noise reduction, wherein the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is assembled in the smoke ventilator main body.
The cigarette machine main body is provided with a low-damping air box for reducing broadband vibration, and the low-damping air box is assembled inside the cigarette machine main body.
The low-damping air bellow is provided with a plurality of air bellow plates and a noise filtering device, the air bellow plates are spliced into a three-dimensional structure, and the noise filtering device is assembled on the inner surface of the air bellow plates.
Preferably, the cigarette machine main body is further provided with an air draft assembly, and the air draft assembly is assembled inside the low-damping bellows.
Preferably, the air draft assembly is positioned inside a full surrounding structure formed by a filter screen of the air inlet and the low-damping air box; or
The air draft assembly is positioned inside a semi-enclosed structure which is composed of low-damping air boxes and at least has two completely opened structural surfaces.
Preferably, the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is provided with a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit and a self-adaptive noise reduction control unit, the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit is electrically connected with the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit, and the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit and the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit are respectively assembled on the cigarette machine main body.
Preferably, the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit is provided with a noise collection sensor, a loudspeaker and an acoustic resonator, the loudspeaker is installed inside the acoustic resonator, the acoustic resonator is fixedly assembled below the air draft assembly, the noise collection sensor is fixedly installed on the air draft assembly, and the noise collection sensor and the loudspeaker are respectively electrically connected with the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit.
Preferably, the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit is arranged as a band-pass filter, the band-pass filter is assembled in the cigarette machine main body, and the noise collection sensor and the loudspeaker are respectively and electrically connected with the band-pass filter.
Preferably, the air draft assembly is provided with a wind wheel, a volute and air guide hoods for guiding airflow to enter two sides of the wind wheel, the air guide hoods and the wind wheel are fixedly installed on the volute, the wind wheel is assembled inside the volute, and the volute is fixedly assembled inside the low-damping wind box.
Preferably, the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit is further provided with an error return sensor, the error return sensor is fixedly installed inside the cigarette machine main body and located below the low-damping air box, and the error return sensor is electrically connected with the band-pass filter.
Preferably, the error feedback sensor is located below the speaker.
Preferably, K loudspeakers are arranged on each of the loudspeakers and the acoustic resonance box, and the loudspeakers and the acoustic resonance boxes correspond to one another.
Preferably, the acoustic resonance box is fixedly mounted on the air guide sleeve and is suspended at the bottom of the low-damping air box.
Preferably, the cone or the diaphragm of the loudspeaker faces the air inlet of the main body of the cigarette making machine, and is parallel to the air inlet or forms an included angle β, and β is less than or equal to 60 degrees.
Preferably, the A noise acquisition sensors are fixed on the air guide sleeve, and A is more than or equal to K.
Preferably, the noise collection sensor is located above the speaker.
Preferably, the noise filtering device is a low damping noise filter plate.
Preferably, the low-damping noise filter plate is provided with a panel main body and a reinforcing structure, wherein the panel main body and the reinforcing structure are distributed with a plurality of through holes for eliminating noise, and the reinforcing structure is fixed on the panel main body.
Preferably, the reinforcing structure is at least one of a reinforcing rib, a rivet, a guide edge, a fixing frame, a groove or a convex hull.
Preferably, the noise filter device is provided with a sound absorbing portion which is fitted between the low-damping noise filter plate and the wall surface of the low-damping bellows.
Preferably, the outer surface of the low damping bellows is fitted with a foam board, an asphalt board or a rubber board.
Preferably, the noise reduction frequency range of the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is 100Hz to 2000 Hz.
According to the wavelet transform noise reduction range hood, the low-damping bellows can enable incident waves and reflected waves to have different phases at a specific distance from the reflecting surface, so that sound waves of noise can be mutually offset, and the intensity of the noise is reduced. The fully-enclosed structure or the semi-enclosed structure can optimize the performance of the range hood, but simultaneously complete the work under the operation of low noise, solve the technical difficulty of mutual contradiction between noise and performance, and have relatively low noise generated when the range hood operates without sacrificing the performance of oil smoke absorption of the range hood, and avoid negative influences on physiology and psychology of users. Meanwhile, the invention designs and optimizes the specific installation position of the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device in the range hood, and obtains the most effective noise reduction effect and the space range of effective noise reduction.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, the content of which is not in any way limiting.
Fig. 1 is a schematic signal flow diagram of a noise reduction signal processing method of a range hood noise reduction method of wavelet transform noise reduction according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the processing of a band pass filter on a noise acquisition sensor signal and an error return sensor.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a structure of a range hood embodiment 2 for wavelet transform noise reduction according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial perspective view of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is an exploded view of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a perspective schematic view of a low damping windbox.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a noise filtering device.
FIG. 9 is a top view of a low damping windbox.
FIG. 10 is a front view of a low damping bellows.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an included angle between the speaker and the air inlet.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a low damping windbox, wherein A in FIG. 12 is a full-enclosed structure, B in FIG. 12 is another angle A in FIG. 12, C in FIG. 12 is a half-enclosed structure, and D in FIG. 12 is another angle C in FIG. 12.
In fig. 1 to 12, the following are included:
a main body 1 of the cigarette machine,
Low damping bellows 11, noise filter 111, sound absorbing part 112, reinforcing structure 113, through hole 114, screen 115,
An air draft assembly 12, a wind wheel 121, a volute 122 and a flow guide cover 123,
A three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2,
The three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22, the noise acquisition sensor 221, the loudspeaker 222, the acoustic resonator 223,
An adaptive noise reduction control unit 23, a band-pass filter 231, an error feedback sensor 232,
A cooking range 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1.
A noise reduction method of a range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction is shown in figures 1-2 and comprises the following steps:
step one, determining and fixing the positions of A noise acquisition sensors 221, Q error return sensors 232 and K loudspeakers 222;
step two, determining the transfer function T from the initial noise source to the noise collection sensor 2211The transfer function T of the speaker 222 to the target noise reduction space2And the transfer function T of the noise collection sensor 221 to the target noise reduction space3；
Thirdly, the A noise acquisition sensors 221 respectively collect the signals of the noise acquisition sensors 221 in the regions in the space of the cigarette machine, specifically R1(n)，......，Ri(n),......,RA(n), i is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to A, i is a positive integer,
q error feedback noise sensors collect the signals of the error feedback sensors 232 respectively in the areas where the sensors are located, specifically epsilon1(n)，......,εv(n)，......,εQ(n), v is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and v and Q are positive integers;
step four, converting the noise collection sensor 221 signals collected by the a noise collection sensors 221 obtained in step one into R (n) ═ R1(n)......Ri(n).......RA(n)]After the Q noise collection sensors 221 correct the signal of the error feedback sensor 232 is converted into epsilon (n) ═ epsilon1(n)......εv(n)......εQ(n)]；
Step five, correcting R (n) in step four into R (n) through the formula (I)
Step six, the D band-pass filter 231 of the three-dimensional space noise reduction control unit enables the D band-pass filter 231 obtained in the step five
The corresponding decomposition into L subbands: r is1(k)，......，rg(k)，......，rL(k) And correspondingly decomposing the data obtained in the step four into L subbands: e.g. of the type1(k)，......，eg(k)，......，eL(k) L is more than or equal to g and more than or equal to 2, and L and g are positive integers;
step seven, the sub-band r obtained in the step six is used1(k)，......，rg(k)，......，rL(k) And e1(k)，......，eg(k)，......，eL(k) Calculating adaptive weight coefficients w of L subbands by filtering X least mean square1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) W (K) is a matrix of K × A × D, r (K) is Q × (A × K × D), e (K) is a matrix of Q × D;
step eight, adapting the L sub-band adaptive weight coefficients w of the D band-pass filters 2311(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) Performing fast wavelet transform to convert into L multiplied by Z frequency bands, wherein Z is a matrix of K multiplied by A multiplied by D, and D is a positive integer;
step nine, superposing the L multiplied by Z frequency bands obtained in the step eight by a frequency superposition method to form a unique A multiplied by K matrix signal frequency;
step ten, carrying out Fourier inverse transformation solution on the frequency of the A multiplied by K matrix signal obtained in the step nine to obtain the weight vector W of the band-pass filter 231ij(n), wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and i is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to A;
step eleven, obtaining the weight vector W of the band-pass filter 231 in the step elevenij(n) converting to generate K speaker 222 sound fields, the K speaker 222 sound fields corresponding to S1(n)，.....，Sj(n)，.....,SK(n), wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and acquiring an initial noise source R through a noise sensor according to a formula (II)i(n) and the weight vector W of the band pass filter 231ji(n) to estimate the output signal of the jth speaker 222Final noise field Sj(n)，
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is Wij(n) a transpose of the matrix,
is Ri(n) by T2Transposed matrix after transfer function, Sj(n) is an equal intensity acoustic signal 180 ° opposite to the noise source;
step twelve, the equal intensity sound wave signal S1(n)，.....，Sj(n)，.....,SK(n) are respectively transmitted to the K speakers 222;
step thirteen, the error feedback sensor 232 detects the effect, iterates and corrects the adaptive weight coefficient to obtain the final adaptive weight coefficient meeting the requirements and Sj' (n), go to step fourteen;
step fourteen, with Sj' (n) the final equal intensity sound wave signal is correspondingly transmitted to the corresponding speaker 222;
the representation of the three-dimensional noise reduction model is supervised by expressing the cost function of the full band of the formula (III) by the mean square error of the error sensor signal,
wherein n is an iterative index through an adaptive algorithm;
Wherein the thirteen steps specifically comprise the following steps of,
step 13.1, presetting a noise value Γ (n) ═ C of the error feedback noise sensor, where C is the noise value of the area where the error feedback noise sensor is located, and judging Γ (n) and [ a (n) -Sj(n)T2]2When [ A (n) -S ] isj(n)T2]2When the value is more than C, the step 13.2 is entered, when the value is [ A (n) -S [)j(n)T2]2When the temperature is less than or equal to C, entering the step 13.4;
step 13.2, mixing w1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) Respectively substituting formula (IV) to respectively obtain new w1(k+1)，......，wg(k+1)，......，wLL adaptive weight coefficients of (k +1), μ being a convergence factor, are entered in step 13.3,
w (k +1) ═ w (k) + [ μ r (k) e (k) ] formula (IV);
step 13.3, let w1(k+1)＝w1(k)，......，wg(k+1)＝wg(k)，......，wL(k+1)＝wL(k) Respectively taking the weight vectors of the filter, and entering the step eight;
step 13.4, let Sj(n)＝Sj' (n), proceed to step fourteen.
The value of C of the present invention ranges from-0.001 dB to 0.001 dB.
The adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 of the present invention continuously performs iteration to adjust the weight of adaptive filtering so that the convergence of the whole system tends to a stable state. For example: noise signals are collected at a noise source position in the area where the noise collection sensor 221 is located, the signals are transmitted to the adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 for noise reduction, and then calculation is performed to output signals to drive the loudspeaker 222 so as to eliminate the noise in the area where the loudspeaker 222 is located. The error feedback sensor 232 monitors the sound pressure value of the area where the speaker 222 is located, so that the adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 adjusts the adaptive filtering weight to automatically change the amplitude of the speaker 222.
The adaptive algorithm of the invention adopts a filtering X least mean square algorithm, the advantage of the filtering X least mean square method is that the optimal convergence solution can be realized without solving an inverse matrix and other pre-known parameters, and compared with the standard least mean square algorithm, the algorithm of the adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 is mainly characterized in that a signal processing method which is decomposed into a plurality of sub-bands is adopted and combined with the filtering X least mean square algorithm, the problem of needing a large amount of calculation can be effectively solved, and the noise reduction effect in a three-dimensional space is enhanced. Meanwhile, the calculated amount is in inverse proportion to the number of the sub-bands, so that the stability of the whole system is improved, and the convergence is faster. Moreover, the influence of each transmission channel on the algorithm is strengthened. Another advantage of this algorithm is that it can remove the delay doubt of the signal and enhance the overall noise reduction effect by adding an adaptive weighting algorithm in each subband by filtering X least mean square method and then adjusting the final weighting coefficients via the band pass filter 231.
In a closed three-dimensional space, such as a space with a length, a width and a height of L, W, H, the N-th order acoustic mode function can be expressed as
Wherein N is1、N2And N3Is the acoustic mode number along the rectangular coordinate X, Y, Z. In practical applications, such as three-dimensional space noise reduction systems of air ducts of cigarette making machines, the noise frequency domain distribution of the cigarette making machines is broadband noise from 200Hz to 2000Hz, and line spectrum noise generated by some fans and noise caused by vibration.
In the prior art, only the active noise reduction technology for eliminating low-order sound modes such as the typical noise reduction technology of less than 500Hz or less than 1000Hz is focused, but the noise frequency of the existing cigarette making machine is more than 1000Hz, and the noise power of the existing cigarette making machine which needs to be effectively reduced cannot meet the noise reduction strategy of the existing cigarette making machine. For a three-dimensional sound field which is completely or partially surrounded by a space where an air duct or an air draft assembly 12 of a cigarette machine is located, and the amplitude of a noise source mode and the mode coefficient of a loudspeaker 222 sound production are used for three-dimensional noise reduction, the core technology for actively reducing the noise is the unknown number, and the two unknown numbers are closely related to the peripheral structure, the geometric shape and the sound source characteristics of the noise. Therefore, the noise hologram information is quickly and effectively established by an equivalent source method, namely the amplitude and the phase of the noise source are recorded by the interference principle of the sound wave. Based on the effective and accurate estimation of the space noise and the free space noise radiation, the sound field signal can be simulated quickly and accurately to eliminate the calculation of the noise in the smoke ventilator. The method can adapt to solving the high-order acoustic mode, can improve the frequency domain of noise reduction to 2000Hz, solves the problem that some frequency bands cannot be achieved in the existing active noise reduction technology, and breaks through the limitation that the active noise reduction can only reduce the noise within 1000 Hz.
The noise reduction method of the range hood with the wavelet transformation noise reduction has the advantages that after the signals are decomposed into sub-band signals, the convergence on an algorithm is accelerated, the dynamic domain of the frequency spectrum of the sub-band signals is greatly reduced relative to the original signals, and meanwhile, the reduction rate of calculated amount is in direct proportion to the number of the sub-bands, so that the signals are decomposed and then used in a filtering X least mean square algorithm.
Example 2.
A range hood with wavelet transformation noise reduction is provided with a range hood main body 1 and a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 for active noise reduction, wherein the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 is assembled inside the range hood main body 1, as shown in figures 3 to 11.
The cigarette machine main body 1 is provided with a low-damping air box 11 for reducing broadband vibration, and the low-damping air box 11 is assembled inside the cigarette machine main body 1.
The low damping bellows 11 is provided with a plurality of bellows plates which are joined to form a three-dimensional structure, and a noise filter 111 which is assembled to the inner surface of the bellows plates.
The cigarette machine main body 1 is further provided with an air draft assembly 12, and the air draft assembly 12 is assembled inside the low-damping air box 11.
The draft assembly 12 of this embodiment is located within a half enclosure having at least two structural faces fully open, as shown in fig. 7, C of fig. 12 and D of fig. 12, which includes the low damping bellows 11.
The three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 is provided with a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22 and a self-adaptive noise reduction control unit 23, the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 is electrically connected with the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22, and the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22 and the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 are respectively assembled on the cigarette machine main body 1.
The three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22 is provided with a noise collection sensor 221, a loudspeaker 222 and an acoustic resonator 223, the loudspeaker 222 is installed inside the acoustic resonator 223, the acoustic resonator 223 is fixedly assembled below the air draft assembly 12, the noise collection sensor 221 is fixedly installed on the air draft assembly 12, and the noise collection sensor 221 and the loudspeaker 222 are respectively electrically connected with the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit 23.
The adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 is set as a band-pass filter 231, the band-pass filter 231 is assembled inside the cigarette maker main body 1, and the noise collection sensor 221 and the speaker 222 are electrically connected with the band-pass filter 231 respectively.
The speaker 222 of the present invention is used to receive the signal of the adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 and generate sound waves 180 ° opposite to the noise source. The error feedback sensor 232 is used for detecting the performance of the adaptive noise reduction control unit 23, and the algorithm of the adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 performs signal feedback on the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22.
The three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit 22 is configured to decompose the signal of the noise collection sensor 221 or the signal of the error return sensor 232 into a plurality of sub-bands, receive the wave frequency of the noise source transmitted by the noise collection sensor 221 and the signal of the error return sensor 232, perform an operation, and output a signal to the speaker 222.
The air draft assembly 12 is provided with a wind wheel 121, a volute 122 and fairings 123 for guiding airflow to enter two sides of the wind wheel 121, the fairings 123 and the wind wheel 121 are fixedly installed on the volute 122, the wind wheel 121 is assembled inside the volute 122, and the volute 122 is fixedly assembled inside the low-damping wind box 11.
The adaptive noise reduction control unit 23 is further provided with an error return sensor 232, the error return sensor 232 is fixedly installed inside the cigarette machine main body 1 and below the low-damping air box 11, and the error return sensor 232 is electrically connected with the band-pass filter 231.
The error return sensor 232 is located below the speaker 222.
The number of the noise collection sensors 221 is A, and A is larger than or equal to K, and the number of the noise collection sensors 221 is specifically 4 in the embodiment.
The error feedback sensors 232 of the present invention are provided with Q, Q is a positive integer, Q is greater than or equal to 1, and the number of the error feedback sensors 232 of the present embodiment is specifically set to 2.
The noise collection sensor 221 is located above the speaker 222, and the number of the band pass filters 231 is D, where D is a positive integer. The band pass filters 231 of the present embodiment are set to 4.
It should be noted that the number of the speakers 222 of the present invention may be set to 2, or may be set to be any positive integer; the number of the noise collection sensors 221 may be set to 4, or may be set to any positive integer greater than 4; the number of the error feedback sensors 232 can be set to be 2, or can be set to be any positive integer; the number of the band pass filters 231 of the present invention may be 4, or may be any positive integer, and the specific implementation manner is determined according to the actual situation.
The noise filtering device 111 is a low damping noise filtering plate, the low damping noise filtering plate is provided with a panel main body and a reinforcing structure 113, the panel main body is distributed with a plurality of through holes 114 for eliminating noise, and the reinforcing structure 113 is fixed on the panel main body. The reinforcing structure 113 of the present invention is at least one of a reinforcing rib, a rivet, a guide edge, a fixing frame, a groove, or a convex hull. The noise filter 111 is provided with a sound absorbing portion 112, and the sound absorbing portion 112 is fitted between the low-damping noise filter plate and the wall surface of the low-damping air box 11. The reinforcing structure of the present embodiment is a reinforcing rib.
It should be noted that the reinforcing structure of the present invention may be a rivet, a guide edge, a fixing frame, a groove, or a convex hull, or may be any combination of a plurality of types, and the specific embodiment is determined in actual circumstances.
The reinforcing structure functions to enhance the rigidity of the low damping noise filter plate.
The principle of the invention is as follows: when noise generated by the range hood contacts the fully-enclosed structure or the semi-enclosed structure of the low-damping air box 11, most incident waves propagating in the opposite direction interfere with reflected waves. Meanwhile, the noise reduction is carried out by the resonance principle of the range hood, when the noise resonates with the natural frequency of the low-damping air box 11, when the resonance occurs, the oscillating sound waves violently penetrate into and out of the through hole 114 in the air, and the sound energy of the noise is converted into friction loss in the process, so that the purpose of eliminating the target frequency noise is achieved.
The range hood with the wavelet transformation denoising function decomposes noise signals into a plurality of sub-band signals, converts the sub-band signals to obtain the weight vector of the band-pass filter, converts the weight vector of the band-pass filter to generate a corresponding loudspeaker sound field, transmits equal-intensity sound wave signals to the corresponding loudspeaker, and cancels or cancels the noise sound wave generated by the range hood through the sound wave generated by the corresponding loudspeaker to realize the denoising. The range hood is provided with a range hood main body 1 and a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 for actively reducing noise, wherein the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 is assembled inside the range hood main body 1. The low damping bellows 11 enables incident waves and reflected waves to have different phases at a specific distance from the reflecting surface, so that sound waves of noise can be offset with each other, thereby reducing the intensity of noise. The fully-enclosed structure or the semi-enclosed structure can optimize the performance of the range hood, but simultaneously complete the work under the operation of low noise, solve the technical difficulty of mutual contradiction between noise and performance, and have relatively low noise generated when the range hood operates without sacrificing the performance of oil smoke absorption of the range hood, and avoid negative influences on physiology and psychology of users. Finally, the invention designs and optimizes the specific installation position of the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 in the range hood, and obtains the most effective noise reduction effect and the space range of effective noise reduction.
Example 3.
A range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction has the same other characteristics as embodiment 2, except that: the outer surface of the low damping bellows 11 of this embodiment is fitted with a foam board.
It should be noted that the outer surface of the low damping bellows 11 of the present invention may be equipped with a foam board, or may be equipped with any one of a foam board and a rubber board.
The foam board, the foam board or the rubber board functions to block the transmission of noise to the outside, thereby reducing the noise level.
Compared with the embodiment 2, the range hood of the embodiment has better noise reduction effect.
Example 4.
A range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction has the same other characteristics as embodiment 2, except that: the extraction assembly 12 of this embodiment is located inside the fully enclosed structure formed by the screen 115 of the air intake and the low damping bellows 11, as shown in fig. 12 a and 12B.
Compared with embodiment 2, the seamless full-enclosure structure of the present embodiment can prevent the noise sound wave from propagating to the outside, and can improve the noise reduction effect better.
Example 5.
A range hood with wavelet transformation noise reduction is characterized in that a noise reduction frequency range of a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device 2 is 100 Hz-2000 Hz.
The limitation that the active noise reduction in the prior art can only reduce the noise within 1000Hz is broken through, and the noise frequency domain of the maximum 2000Hz is effectively reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A noise reduction method of a range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
determining and fixing the positions of A noise acquisition sensors, Q error feedback sensors and K loudspeakers;
step two, determining a transfer function T from an initial noise source to a noise acquisition sensor1Transfer function T of loudspeaker to target noise reduction space2And transfer function T of noise collection sensor to target noise reduction space3；
Step three, respectively collecting the noise collection sensor signals of the regions in which the A noise collection sensors are positioned in the space of the smoke machine, specifically R1(n)，......，Ri(n),......,RA(n), i is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to A, i is a positive integer,
q error feedback noise sensors collect signals of the error feedback sensors respectively in the areas, specifically epsilon1(n)，......,εv(n),......,εQ(n), v is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and v and Q are positive integers;
step four, converting the noise acquisition sensor signals collected by the A noise acquisition sensors obtained in the step three into R (n) ═ R1(n)......Ri(n).......RA(n)]After Q noise acquisition sensors are corrected, the signal of the error return sensor is converted into epsilon (n) ═ epsilon1(n)......εv(n)......εQ(n)]；
Step five, correcting R (n) in step four into R (n) through the formula (I)
Step six, the D band-pass filters of the three-dimensional space noise reduction control unit enable the D band-pass filters obtained in the step five
The corresponding decomposition into L subbands: r is1(k)，......，rg(k)，......，rL(k) And correspondingly decomposing epsilon (n) obtained in the step four into L sub-bands: e.g. of the type1(k)，......，eg(k)，......，eL(k) L is more than or equal to g and more than or equal to 2, and L and g are positive integers;
step seven, the sub-band r obtained in the step six is used1(k)，......，rg(k)，......，rL(k) And e1(k)，......，eg(k)，......，eL(k) Calculating adaptive weight coefficients w of L subbands by filtering X least mean square1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) W (K) is a matrix of K × A × D, r (K) is Q × (A × K × D), e (K) is a matrix of Q × D;
step eight, the L sub-bands of the D band-pass filters are subjected to self-adaptive weight coefficients w1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) Performing fast wavelet transform to convert into L multiplied by Z frequency bands, wherein Z is a matrix of K multiplied by A multiplied by D, and D is a positive integer;
step nine, superposing the L multiplied by Z frequency bands obtained in the step eight by a frequency superposition method to form a unique A multiplied by K matrix signal frequency;
step ten, carrying out Fourier inverse transformation solution on the frequency of the A multiplied by K matrix signal obtained in the step nine to obtain a weight vector W of the band-pass filterij(n), wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and i is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to A;
step eleven, obtaining the weight vector W of the band-pass filter in the step elevenij(n) converting to generate K loudspeaker sound fields, wherein the K loudspeaker sound fields respectively correspond to S1(n)，.....，Sj(n)，.....,SK(n), wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and acquiring an initial noise source R through a noise sensor according to a formula (II)i(n) and the bandpass filter weight vector Wji(n) to estimate the final noise field S of the j-th loudspeaker output signalj(n)，
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is Wij(n) a transpose of the matrix,
is Ri(n) by T2Transposed matrix after transfer function, Sj(n) is an equal intensity acoustic signal 180 ° opposite to the noise source;
step twelve, the equal intensity sound wave signal S1(n)，.....，Sj(n)，.....,SK(n) transmitting to the K loudspeakers respectively;
step thirteen, the error is transmitted back to the sensor detection effect, iteration is carried out and the self-adaptive weight coefficient is corrected, the final self-adaptive weight coefficient meeting the requirements is obtained, and S is obtainedj' (n), go to step fourteen;
step fourteen, with Sj' (n) the final equal-intensity sound wave signals are correspondingly transmitted to corresponding loudspeakers;
the representation of the three-dimensional noise reduction model is supervised by expressing the cost function of the full band of the formula (III) by the mean square error of the error sensor signal,
wherein n is an iterative index through an adaptive algorithm;
the above-mentioned
Wherein epsilonv(n)＝A(n)+Sj(n)·T2Where A (n) is the final noise field created by the initial noise source after transmission through the interior space of the machine.
2. The range hood noise reduction method of wavelet transform noise reduction according to claim 1, wherein: the step thirteen concretely comprises the following steps of,
step 13.1, presetting a noise value Γ (n) ═ C of the error feedback noise sensor, where C is the noise value of the area where the error feedback noise sensor is located, and judging Γ (n) and [ a (n) -Sj(n)T2]2When [ A (n) -S ] isj(n)T2]2When the value is more than C, the step 13.2 is entered, when the value is [ A (n) -S [)j(n)T2]2When the temperature is less than or equal to C, entering the step 13.4;
step 13.2, mixing w1(k)，......，wg(k)，......，wL(k) Respectively substituting the formula (IV) to respectively obtain new w1(k+1)，......，wg(k+1)，......，wLL adaptive weight coefficients of (k +1), μ being a convergence factor, are entered in step 13.3,
w (k +1) ═ w (k) ++ [ μ r (k) e (k) ] formula (iv);
step 13.3, let w1(k+1)＝w1(k)，......，wg(k+1)＝wg(k)，......，wL(k+1)＝wL(k) Respectively taking the weight vectors of the filter, and entering the step eight;
step 13.4, let Sj(n)＝Sj' (n), proceed to step fourteen.
3. The range hood noise reduction method of wavelet transform noise reduction according to claim 2, wherein: the C value ranges from-0.001 dB to 0.001 dB.
4. A kind of kitchen ventilator that wavelet transform denoised, its characteristic is: a range hood with a noise reduction method according to claim 3, which is provided with a range hood main body and a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device for active noise reduction, wherein the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is assembled in the range hood main body;
the cigarette machine main body is provided with a low-damping air box for reducing broadband vibration, and the low-damping air box is assembled in the cigarette machine main body;
the low-damping air bellow is provided with a plurality of air bellow plates and a noise filtering device, the air bellow plates are spliced into a three-dimensional structure, and the noise filtering device is assembled on the inner surface of the air bellow plates;
the low-damping air box is of a full-surrounding structure or a half-surrounding structure.
5. The range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction according to claim 4, wherein: the range hood main body is also provided with an air draft assembly, and the air draft assembly is assembled inside the low-damping air bellow;
the air draft assembly is positioned inside a full-surrounding structure formed by a filter screen of the air inlet and the low-damping air box; or
The air draft assembly is positioned inside a semi-enclosed structure which is composed of low-damping air boxes and at least has two completely opened structural surfaces.
6. The range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction according to claim 5, wherein: the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is provided with a three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit and a self-adaptive noise reduction control unit, the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit is electrically connected with the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit, and the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit and the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit are respectively assembled on the cigarette machine main body;
the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction unit is provided with a noise collection sensor, a loudspeaker and an acoustic resonator, the loudspeaker is installed inside the acoustic resonator, the acoustic resonator is fixedly assembled below the air draft assembly, the noise collection sensor is fixedly installed on the air draft assembly, and the noise collection sensor and the loudspeaker are respectively electrically connected with the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit.
7. The range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit is arranged as a band-pass filter, the band-pass filter is assembled in the cigarette machine main body, and the noise acquisition sensor and the loudspeaker are respectively and electrically connected with the band-pass filter;
the air draft assembly is provided with a wind wheel, a volute and air guide hoods for guiding airflow to enter two sides of the wind wheel, the air guide hoods and the wind wheel are fixedly installed on the volute, the wind wheel is assembled inside the volute, and the volute is fixedly assembled inside the low-damping air box.
8. The range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction according to claim 7, wherein: the self-adaptive noise reduction control unit is also provided with an error return sensor which is fixedly arranged in the smoke machine main body and is positioned below the low-damping air box, and the error return sensor is electrically connected with the band-pass filter;
the error return sensor is located below the speaker.
9. The range hood with wavelet transform noise reduction according to claim 8, wherein: k loudspeakers and K acoustic resonance boxes are arranged, and the loudspeakers and the acoustic resonance boxes are in one-to-one correspondence;
the acoustic resonance box is fixedly assembled on the flow guide cover and suspended at the bottom of the low-damping air box;
the cone or the diaphragm of the loudspeaker faces the air inlet of the main body of the cigarette making machine, and is parallel to the air inlet or forms an included angle β with the air inlet, and β is not more than 60 degrees;
the A noise acquisition sensors are fixed on the air guide sleeve, and A is more than or equal to K;
the noise acquisition sensor is positioned above the loudspeaker;
the noise filtering device is a low-damping noise filtering plate;
the low-damping noise filter plate is provided with a panel main body and a reinforcing structure, wherein the panel main body is distributed with a plurality of through holes for eliminating noise, and the reinforcing structure is fixed on the panel main body;
the reinforcing structure is at least one of reinforcing ribs, rivets, guide edges, fixing frames, grooves or convex hulls;
the noise filtering device is provided with a sound absorbing part which is assembled between the low-damping noise filtering plate and the wall surface of the low-damping air box;
the outer surface of the low-damping air box is provided with a foam board, an asphalt board or a rubber board;
the noise reduction frequency range of the three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device is 100 Hz-2000 Hz.
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| CN201810772858.8A Active CN108916947B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with oil-proof three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772860.5A Active CN108916949B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Low-damping semi-enclosed three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction range hood and noise reduction method |
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| CN201810772839.5A Active CN108731073B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Lampblack absorber with lampblack separation device and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772845.0A Active CN108916940B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Intelligent range hood and noise reduction method |
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| CN201810781599.5A Active CN108954444B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood capable of reducing noise through Hilbert-Huang transform and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772853.5A Active CN109340842B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Oblique range hood with iterative upgrade function and noise reduction method |
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| CN201810772871.3A Active CN108916952B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772858.8A Active CN108916947B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with oil-proof three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772860.5A Active CN108916949B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Low-damping semi-enclosed three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction range hood and noise reduction method |
| CN201810776758.2A Active CN108954442B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with noise reduction device and noise reduction method |
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| CN201810772855.4A Active CN108916944B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with noise reduction and visual detection functions and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772881.7A Active CN108916953B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with Hilbert transform noise reduction function and noise reduction method |
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| CN201810781598.0A Active CN108954443B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with active and passive noise reduction devices and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772839.5A Active CN108731073B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Lampblack absorber with lampblack separation device and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772845.0A Active CN108916940B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Intelligent range hood and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772862.4A Active CN108916950B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Low-damping fully-enclosed three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction range hood and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772874.7A Active CN108954438B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with three-dimensional space sound field noise reduction device and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772854.XA Active CN108916943B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood with gesture control visual detection function and noise reduction method |
| CN201810781599.5A Active CN108954444B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Range hood capable of reducing noise through Hilbert-Huang transform and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772853.5A Active CN109340842B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Oblique range hood with iterative upgrade function and noise reduction method |
| CN201810772859.2A Active CN108916948B (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-14 | Active noise reduction range hood and noise reduction method |
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