CN111899712B - Active noise reduction device and method for smoke exhaust ventilator - Google Patents
Active noise reduction device and method for smoke exhaust ventilator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111899712B CN111899712B CN202010811753.6A CN202010811753A CN111899712B CN 111899712 B CN111899712 B CN 111899712B CN 202010811753 A CN202010811753 A CN 202010811753A CN 111899712 B CN111899712 B CN 111899712B
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
- F24C15/2021—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3023—Estimation of noise, e.g. on error signals
- G10K2210/30232—Transfer functions, e.g. impulse response
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3045—Multiple acoustic inputs, single acoustic output
Abstract
The invention discloses an active noise reduction device and method for a smoke exhaust ventilator. The device comprises a first noise pickup part arranged at an air inlet grille of the lower part of the smoke exhaust ventilator, a second noise pickup part arranged on the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator or at a central position right below the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator, a loudspeaker part arranged below the air inlet grille and above the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator, and a controller, wherein a horn of the loudspeaker part faces to the front lower part of the smoke exhaust ventilator, and the first noise pickup part, the second noise pickup part and the loudspeaker part are connected with the controller. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first transfer function and a second transfer function; obtaining control parameters of a controller; and obtaining the next output signal of the controller. The active noise reduction device and the active noise reduction method of the smoke exhaust ventilator are designed according to the structural form and the noise generation mechanism of the smoke exhaust ventilator, the potential of a noise reduction system is fully exerted, the spatial noise reduction of the smoke exhaust ventilator is realized, and the noise reduction effect and the stability of a noise reduction control system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planar sound holographic technology, in particular to an active noise reduction device and method for a smoke exhaust ventilator.
Background
The motor noise and the pneumatic noise generated in the working process of the smoke exhaust ventilator seriously influence the experience effect of a user. The traditional methods generally adopt sound absorption materials to match with the perforated plates to achieve the purpose of noise reduction, but the methods only have the effect on medium-high frequency noise, and the sound absorption materials are corroded by oil smoke along with the increase of working time, so that the sound absorption effect is gradually deteriorated. And the problems can be solved by adopting an active noise reduction method.
Chinese patent publication No. CN107702171a discloses an active noise reduction method including controllers W1 and W2 and a supporting input-output device. However, this patent document does not give a specific arrangement application form on the range hood, resulting in insufficient performance of the noise reduction system. In addition, in the patent document, the signal collected by the noise collecting microphone is polluted by sound waves generated by a loudspeaker of the noise reducing system, and although most of sound waves generated by the noise reducing system can be subtracted after processing, the residual part still affects the noise reducing effect and the stability of the noise reducing system.
The Chinese patent document with publication number of CN104534532A discloses an active noise reduction device of a range hood, which integrates an active noise reduction system in a noise elimination pipeline, thereby increasing the universality. However, as the oil smoke gas needs to enter the volute through the silencing pipeline and is discharged, and the loudspeaker and other components of the active noise reduction system are all arranged in the silencing pipeline, the arrangement reduces the section of the airflow channel, increases the resistance, and thus influences the fume exhausting effect of the range hood. In addition, the loudspeaker faces downwards, and in practical application, the loudspeaker can be directly heated to smoke and burn, so that the performance and the service life of the loudspeaker are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an active noise reduction device and method for a smoke exhaust ventilator, which provide a specific active noise reduction device and method according to the structural form and noise generation mechanism of the smoke exhaust ventilator, fully exert the potential of a noise reduction system and realize global noise reduction in a sound field.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides an active noise reduction device of a smoke exhaust ventilator. The active noise reduction device of the smoke exhaust ventilator comprises a first noise pickup part, a second noise pickup part, a loudspeaker part and a controller, wherein the first noise pickup part is installed at an air inlet grille of the lower part of the smoke exhaust ventilator, the second noise pickup part is installed on the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator or at a central position right below the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator, the loudspeaker part is installed below the air inlet grille and above the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator, a loudspeaker of the loudspeaker part faces to the front lower part of the smoke exhaust ventilator, and the first noise pickup part, the second noise pickup part and the loudspeaker part are connected with the controller.
Optionally, for the active noise reducer of the range hood, the first noise pickup means comprises a microphone or microphone array.
Optionally, for the active noise reducer of the range hood, the second noise pickup element comprises a microphone or microphone array.
Optionally, for the active noise reducer of the range hood, the speaker component includes a speaker and a resonant cavity.
Optionally, for the active noise reduction device of the range hood, the controller is installed above the range hood, and the controller comprises a filter circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital signal processor, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a power amplifier module.
On the other hand, the invention provides a noise reduction method of the active noise reduction device of the smoke exhaust ventilator. The noise reduction method of the active noise reduction device of the smoke exhaust ventilator comprises the following steps: in the case where the speaker unit operates alone, acquiring a first transfer function of sound output by the speaker unit to the first noise pickup unit and a second transfer function to the second noise pickup unit; under the condition that the smoke exhaust ventilator works independently, according to the sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup part, the sound pressure signal measured by the second noise pickup part and the second transfer function, control parameters of the controller are obtained; under the condition that the smoke exhaust ventilator and the loudspeaker component work simultaneously, the next output signal of the controller is obtained according to the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup component, the current output signal of the controller, the control parameters of the controller and the first transfer function, so as to drive the loudspeaker component.
Optionally, for the noise reduction method, the control parameters of the obtained controller include: obtaining the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source according to the sound pressure signal and the speed propagation factor picked up by the first noise pickup component; obtaining a sound field corresponding to the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator according to the wave number conversion result of the sound pressure signal; and obtaining control parameters of the controller according to the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source, the sound field corresponding to the lower end surface of the smoke exhaust ventilator and the second transfer function.
Optionally, for the noise reduction method, the obtaining the next output signal of the controller includes: obtaining a noise signal generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator according to the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup component, the current output signal of the controller and the first transfer function; obtaining the vibration speed of a virtual vibration surface of a sound source according to a noise signal and a speed propagation factor generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator; and obtaining the next output signal of the controller according to the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source and the control parameter of the controller.
Optionally, for the noise reduction method, the range hood comprises an impeller of a fan and a volute, and the virtual vibration surface of the sound source is located on a plane where the center of the volute is located.
Optionally, the noise reduction method further includes: and circularly executing the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup part, the current output signal of the controller, the control parameter of the controller and the first transfer function to obtain the next output signal of the controller so as to drive the loudspeaker part.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the main advantages that:
1. the active noise reduction device and the active noise reduction method of the smoke exhaust ventilator adopt the plane sound holographic technology, and the noise generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator is assumed to radiate outwards through the air inlet grille, so that the virtual vibration surface inside the smoke exhaust ventilator and the sound field distribution in front and below the smoke exhaust ventilator are predicted in real time according to the noise signals picked up by the noise pickup component at the air inlet grille.
2. And finishing the design of the controller according to the predicted sound source information and sound field information, and ensuring the stability of the system.
3. The installation direction of the loudspeaker component faces the front lower part of the range hood, so that the noise control effect of a target area can be improved, and the influence of noise emitted by the loudspeaker component on the noise pickup component can be reduced.
4. The active noise reduction device and the active noise reduction method of the smoke exhaust ventilator are designed according to the structural form and the noise generation mechanism of the smoke exhaust ventilator, the potential of a noise reduction system is fully exerted, the spatial noise reduction of the smoke exhaust ventilator is realized, and the noise reduction effect and the stability of a noise reduction control system are improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a front view of a structure of an active noise reduction device of a range hood according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an active noise reducer of the range hood of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a noise reduction method of the active noise reduction device of the range hood shown in fig. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a structure of an active noise reduction device of a range hood according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an active noise reducer of the range hood of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the active noise reduction device of the range hood provided by the embodiment includes a first noise pickup part 110 installed at an intake grill of a lower portion of the range hood, a second noise pickup part 120 installed on a lower end surface 150 of the range hood or at a central position directly below the lower end surface, a speaker part 130 installed below the intake grill and above the lower end surface of the range hood, and a controller 140. Wherein the horn of the speaker unit 130 faces the front lower side of the hood. The first noise pickup section 110, the second noise pickup section 120, and the speaker section 130 are connected to the controller 140. The range hood is, for example, a tower range hood.
The first noise pickup element 110 is used to measure the noise radiated downward by the hood through the intake grill and may include a microphone or an array of microphones. As an alternative embodiment, the microphone array is arranged at the range hood air inlet grille and in the same plane.
The second noise pickup element 120 is used for off-line calibration of the sound field and may comprise a microphone or an array of microphones. As an alternative embodiment, the microphone array is arranged at a central position right below the lower end surface of the range hood. Wherein, off-line calibration refers to that under the condition that the range hood is not in operation, the controller 140 drives the speaker component 130 to make a sound, and calculates a corresponding transfer function H 1 And H 2 . The second noise pickup 120 is removed after calibration is completed, so that only the first noise pickup 110 installed at the intake grill below the range hood remains, avoiding the influence on the smoke extraction effect of the range hood.
Speaker assembly 130, which is used to generate anti-noise sound waves to cancel noise of the original sound field of the target area, may include a speaker and a resonant cavity.
The controller 140 may be mounted above the range hood to avoid hot cooking fumes interfering with and eroding the controller 140. The controller 140 may include a filter circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital signal processor, a digital-to-analog conversion module, and a power amplifier module.
The range hood may include a fan impeller and a volute 160 that creates suction during operation, drawing in the range hood through the underlying intake grill and exhausting it through the flue.
The installation direction of the speaker part 130 is toward the front lower side of the range hood, which can improve the noise control effect of the target area and reduce the influence of the noise emitted from the speaker part 130 on the first noise pickup part 110. The spatial installation positions of the first and second noise pickup sections 110 and 120, and the speaker section 130 are as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the first noise pickup section 110 picks up a noise signal as an input to the controller 140, and it is required to ensure that the influence of the sound emitted from the speaker section 130 on it is minimized; and the second noise pickup section 120 picks up the noise signal as feedback information of the controller 140, requiring the sound emitted from the speaker section 130 to effectively reach the area. Because the sound emitted by the speaker component 130 has directivity, the installation direction of the speaker component 130 faces the front lower part of the range hood, and the inverted sound wave emitted by the speaker component can be concentrated at the front lower part of the range hood, namely a noise reduction target area; the proportion of the inverted sound wave reaching the first noise pickup section 110 is smaller at this time, so that the influence on it is reduced, and the stability of the noise reduction control system is improved.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a noise reduction method of the active noise reduction device of the range hood according to another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, in step S310, in the case where the speaker unit 130 operates alone, a first transfer function of sound output from the speaker unit 130 to the first noise pickup unit 110 and a second transfer function to the second noise pickup unit 120 are acquired.
The range hood is turned off and the speaker assembly is operated alone and the controller 140 generates a drive signal to cause the speaker assembly 130 to emit a sound, which may be a white noise signal or a swept frequency signal. Respectively recognizes the first transfer function H between the output of the speaker part 130 to the first noise pickup part 110 1 And a second transfer function H between the speaker section 130 output to the second noise pickup section 120 2 . The sound signal outputted from the speaker unit 130 is picked up by the first and second noise pickup units 110 and 120 and then transmitted back to the controller 140, and the input signal and the response signal corresponding to a system are known, and the transfer function H can be recognized based on the relationship between them 1 And H 2 . The second noise pickup element 120 may be removed after the transfer function identification is completed. Since active noise reduction is based onThe principle of superposition of sound waves is that after the sound emitted from the speaker unit 130 reaches the target noise reduction region, the sound must have characteristics similar in amplitude and opposite in phase to the noise in the original region. Thus, the sound signal emitted from the speaker unit 130 reaches the first transfer function H between the first noise pickup units 110 1 And a second transfer function H between reaching the second noise pickup section 120 2 Must be accurately identified, these two transfer functions H 1 And H 2 Including amplitude and phase information of the transfer path.
In step S320, in the case where the range hood is operated alone, control parameters of the controller are obtained from the sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup section 110, the sound pressure signal measured by the second noise pickup section 120, and the second transfer function.
Step S320 may specifically include the following steps:
in the first step, the first noise pickup part 110 picks up the sound pressure signal and performs wave number conversion in the x and y directions on the plane to obtain a wave number conversion result of the sound pressure signal. In case the extractor hood works alone, i.e. the extractor hood works normally with the flue connection, and the speaker unit 130 does not work, the noise signal p (x, y, z) of the plane in which the grille lies is picked up by the first noise pickup unit 110 h ) And performing wave number conversion in the x and y directions on the plane to obtain P (k) x ,k y ,z h ). Here, k x And k y Representing the projection of the wavenumber k (k=angular frequency/sound velocity) of sound in air in x and y directions, z, respectively h The distance of the first noise pickup element 110 to the fan center plane in the vertical direction is indicated as R1 in fig. 2.
Second, based on the wave number conversion result P (k x ,k y ,z h ) And velocity propagation factor to obtain virtual vibration plane z of sound source o Is set, the vibration speed of the vibration device is set. Wherein the virtual vibration plane of the sound source can be positioned on the plane of the center of the volute. Since the noise radiated from the hood after the flue is installed is mostly radiated through the lower end surface 150, it is assumed that the noise generated from the hood is a virtual vibration surface z of a sound source o Generated, the virtual vibration plane z o Located near the plane of the center of the volute and then sequentially through the plane z of the first noise pickup section 110 h And a plane z in which the lower end surface 150 of the range hood and the second noise pickup 120 lie s And transmitting out. Wherein the lower end surface 150 and the second noise pickup 120 are located in a plane z s The two may or may not overlap. In the plane z where the lower end face 150 and the second noise pickup 120 lie s If the two are not overlapped, the distance in the vertical direction is required to be within 10 mm. Virtual vibration plane z o The vibration velocity of (2) can be obtained by the following formula:
here the number of the elements is the number,and->Respectively representing inverse wave number conversion of the expression in the x and y directions; g (k) x ,k y ,z h -z o ) Is a velocity propagation factor, defined as:
the relationship between sound pressure and vibration velocity of sound medium between two planes is represented, where ρ, c, and k represent air density, propagation velocity of sound in air, and wave number of sound, e is a natural base, and i is an imaginary unit, respectively. ρ, c, k, z in the expression h 、z s Are known, and the velocity propagation factor can be calculated by introducing the relevant parameters.
Third, from the wave number conversion result P (k x ,k y ,z h ) A sound field corresponding to the lower end surface 150 of the range hood is obtained. The sound field corresponding to the lower end surface 150 of the range hood is:
here, e is a natural base, and i is an imaginary unit.
Fourth, the vibration velocity v (x, y, z) of the virtual vibration plane of the sound source obtained according to the above steps o T), the sound field p (x, y, z) corresponding to the lower end surface 150 of the range hood s T) and a second transfer function H 2 The control parameter C of the controller 140 is obtained. Based on the result of the above measurement calculation, the control parameter C of the design controller 140 has the following expression:
C＝F ω [v(x,y,z o ,t)]/F ω [p(x,y,z s ,t)]/H 2 (3)
where t represents the current time, H 2 F representing a second transfer function between the sound signal emitted by the speaker unit 130 and reaching the second noise pickup unit 120 ω Representing a fourier transform.
In step S330, in the case where the range hood and the speaker unit 130 are simultaneously operated, an output signal of the controller 140 next time is obtained according to the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup unit 110, the current output signal of the controller 140, the control parameter of the controller 140, and the first transfer function, so as to drive the speaker unit 130.
Step S330 may specifically include the following steps:
first, according to the above design of the controller 140, the sound pressure signal input by the controller 140 is extracted in real time. Specifically, the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup section 110, the current output signal of the controller 140, and the first transfer function H 1 Obtaining noise signals generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator:
p in (x,y,z h ,t)＝p(x,y,z h ,t)-y(t)*H 1 (4)
in equation (4), the linear convolution is represented by p (x, y, z) h T) is a sound pressure signal measured in real time by the first noise pickup section 110, and indicates that the current time t is z h On a plane surfaceSound pressure measured at each point; y (t) is an output signal of the controller 140, and is a driving signal of the speaker unit 130 generated by the controller 140; h 1 Is the first transfer function between the sound signal from the speaker unit 130 and the first noise pickup unit 110, all of which are known, and the input sound pressure signal p of the controller 140 is obtained by substituting the three quantities into the formula (4) in (x,y,z h T). The noise signal p of the original sound field is extracted from the noise signal picked up by the first noise pickup section 110 by formula (4) in (x,y,z h T), i.e. the noise signal generated by the extractor hood itself, is provided to the controller 140.
And secondly, obtaining the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source according to the noise signal and the speed propagation factor generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator. Carrying out wave number conversion on the calculation result of the formula (4) and then carrying out the wave number conversion into the formula (5) to obtain the virtual vibration plane z of the sound source o The vibration speed of (2) is as follows:
third, the next output signal of the controller 140 is obtained according to the vibration speed of the virtual vibration plane of the sound source and the control parameters of the controller. And (3) introducing the control parameter C of the controller 140 obtained in the formula (5) and the formula (3) into the formula (6) to obtain the next output signal of the controller 140.
y(t)＝v in (x,y,z o ,t)*C (6)
The signal output by the controller 140 in equation (6) is played through the speaker unit 130 to reach the target noise reduction region, and the noise in the region is cancelled.
Step S330 may be repeatedly performed continuously, thereby generating anti-noise sound waves and reducing noise radiated from the range hood. Because the control parameters of the controller 140 are obtained through offline measurement and calculation, the sound waves generated by the active noise reduction device do not damage the stability of the noise reduction control system. Off-line here refers to the control parameter C of the controller 140 being calculated in advance in the case where the active noise reduction device is not operating.
The active noise reduction device and the method for the smoke exhaust ventilator provided by the embodiment of the invention design a specific active noise reduction device and method according to the structural form and the noise generation mechanism of the smoke exhaust ventilator, fully exert the potential of a noise reduction system, realize the spatial noise reduction of the smoke exhaust ventilator and improve the noise reduction effect. The installation direction of the loudspeaker component faces the front lower side of the range hood, so that the noise control effect of a target area can be improved, and the influence of noise emitted by the loudspeaker component on the first noise pickup component can be reduced. Only the noise pickup part is arranged at the air inlet grille below the smoke exhaust ventilator, so that the influence on the smoke exhaust effect of the smoke exhaust ventilator is avoided.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the description and drawings of the invention, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An active noise reduction device of a range hood, characterized by comprising a first noise pickup part installed at an air intake grille of a lower part of the range hood, a second noise pickup part installed at a central position on or just below a lower end surface of the range hood, a speaker part installed below the air intake grille and above the lower end surface of the range hood, and a controller, wherein,
the horn of the speaker component faces to the front lower part of the smoke exhaust ventilator, and the first noise pickup component, the second noise pickup component and the speaker component are connected with the controller; the first noise pickup component is used for measuring noise of the range hood, which is radiated downwards through the air inlet grille, the second noise pickup component is used for performing off-line calibration on a sound field, the off-line calibration means that under the condition that the range hood does not work, the controller drives the speaker component to emit sound, a first transfer function of the sound output by the speaker component reaching the first noise pickup component and a second transfer function reaching the second noise pickup component are calculated, and the second noise pickup component is removed after the calibration is completed; under the condition that the smoke exhaust ventilator works independently, according to the sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup part, the sound pressure signal measured by the second noise pickup part and the second transfer function, control parameters of the controller are obtained; under the condition that the smoke exhaust ventilator and the loudspeaker component work simultaneously, according to the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup component, the current output signal of the controller, the control parameters of the controller and the first transfer function, the next output signal of the controller is obtained so as to drive the loudspeaker component, and the loudspeaker component is used for generating anti-noise sound waves.
2. The active noise reducer of claim 1, wherein said first noise pickup element comprises a microphone or microphone array.
3. The active noise reducer of claim 1, wherein said second noise pickup element comprises a microphone or microphone array.
4. The active noise reducer of claim 1, wherein the speaker assembly comprises a speaker and a resonant cavity.
5. The active noise reducer of a range hood of claim 1, wherein the controller is mounted above the range hood.
6. A noise reduction method of an active noise reduction device of a range hood according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the obtaining control parameters of the controller comprises:
obtaining the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source according to the sound pressure signal and the speed propagation factor picked up by the first noise pickup component;
obtaining a sound field corresponding to the lower end face of the smoke exhaust ventilator according to the wave number conversion result of the sound pressure signal;
and obtaining control parameters of the controller according to the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source, the sound field corresponding to the lower end surface of the smoke exhaust ventilator and the second transfer function.
7. The method of noise reduction according to claim 6, wherein the obtaining the next output signal of the controller includes:
obtaining a noise signal generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator according to the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup component, the current output signal of the controller and the first transfer function;
obtaining the vibration speed of a virtual vibration surface of a sound source according to a noise signal and a speed propagation factor generated by the smoke exhaust ventilator;
and obtaining the next output signal of the controller according to the vibration speed of the virtual vibration surface of the sound source and the control parameter of the controller.
8. The method of noise reduction according to claim 6, wherein the range hood comprises an impeller of a fan and a volute, and the virtual vibration plane of the sound source is located on a plane in which the center of the volute is located.
9. The noise reduction method of claim 6, further comprising:
and circularly executing the current sound pressure signal measured by the first noise pickup part, the current output signal of the controller, the control parameter of the controller and the first transfer function to obtain the next output signal of the controller so as to drive the loudspeaker part.
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