CN108953601B

CN108953601B - Opening and closing device of pressure equipment

Info

Publication number: CN108953601B
Application number: CN201810872807.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱晓来; 叶建伟; 黄明金; 潘建瓯; 王汉洲
Original assignee: Chaoda Valve Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Chaoda Valve Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-02
Filing date: 2018-08-02
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-02
Also published as: CN108953601A

Abstract

The invention relates to an opening and closing device of pressure equipment, which comprises a switch gland used for sealing a through hole of the pressure equipment, wherein a pressing ring is fixedly connected to the switch gland, at least one guide groove is arranged in the pressing ring, an adaptive sliding block is arranged in the guide groove, the sliding block can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring and is limited by the circumferential direction in the guide groove, a slot is arranged on the pressure equipment corresponding to the sliding block, the sliding block can slide relative to the guide groove, a first position positioned in the slot and used for connecting the switch gland to the pressure equipment and a second position positioned outside the slot and used for separating the switch gland from the pressure equipment are arranged on the pressure equipment, an operating device used for moving the sliding block is connected to the sliding block, and a drain valve communicated with an inner cavity of the pressure equipment is arranged on the switch gland. The switch gland can be detached from or installed on the pressure equipment only by moving the sliding block through the operating device, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Opening and closing device of pressure equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to an opening and closing device of pressure equipment.

Background

There are a large number of pressure-bearing devices in the fields of petroleum, chemical, coal chemical, metallurgy, electric power, oil and gas transportation, etc., such as valves, pressure vessels, pressure pipes, etc., and in some cases it is necessary to put external objects into the pressure-bearing devices or take out the objects in the pressure-bearing devices. In order to reduce the influence on the continuous operation efficiency of the pressure equipment, the pressure equipment needs to be opened and closed quickly and conveniently, and the medium in the pressure equipment can be corrosive, inflammable and explosive due to the fact that the medium in the pressure equipment has higher pressure and temperature, so that the safety problem when the pressure equipment is opened needs to be considered. In order to open and close the pressure equipment, a through hole is usually formed in the pressure equipment, a blind plate is arranged, the through hole is sealed by adopting the blind plate, a bolt nut and a gasket, and the purpose of opening and sealing the through hole is achieved by disassembling and installing the bolt nut on the blind plate when needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned problems and provides an opening and closing apparatus for a pressure-bearing device.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an opening and closing device of pressure equipment, includes the switch gland that is used for sealed pressure equipment through-hole, fixedly connected with clamping ring on the switch gland, be equipped with at least one guide way in the clamping ring, install the sliding block of adaptation in the guide way, the sliding block is in only can follow the radial motion of clamping ring and receive circumference spacing in the guide way, correspond on the pressure equipment the sliding block is equipped with the slot, the sliding block can slide relatively the guide way has and is located the slot makes the switch gland is connected in the first position on the pressure equipment and be located the slot makes the switch gland with the separable second position of pressure equipment outward, be connected with on the sliding block and be used for removing the operating device of sliding block, be equipped with the relief valve of intercommunication pressure equipment inner chamber on the switch gland, the relief valve is including relief valve rod and relief valve case, be equipped with the third through-hole of intercommunication pressure equipment inner chamber on the switch gland, open or close the relief valve rod is relative the switch gland is rotated.

The pressing ring is internally sleeved with a rotary disc which is rotatable in the circumferential direction and axially limited by the sliding block, the rotary disc is provided with a spiral groove, the sliding block is provided with a guide pin matched with the spiral groove, and the rotary disc is provided with an operating piece for rotating the rotary disc.

The utility model discloses a drain valve, including valve rod, locating piece, cam portion, locking pin cover, elastic component, locking pin, slider, slot, cam portion, slider, locking pin cover, locking pin, locating piece, the locating piece with drain valve rod circumference linkage is connected with on the valve rod, be equipped with cam portion on the locating piece, fixedly connected with locking pin cover on the carousel, be equipped with the locking pin in the carousel, the carousel with be equipped with the elastic component between the locking pin, the locking pin be in under the effect of elastic component with the locking pin cover laminating just the slider is slideable, works as drain valve is the closed state, cam portion with the locking pin offsets, the slider is located the slot just the tip of locking pin is located the slider inboard.

The utility model discloses a drain valve, including valve rod, lock pin, slider, cam, lock pin, clamping ring, elastic component, lock pin, locating piece, cam, lock pin, slider, the locating piece is connected with the drain valve rod circumference linkage, be equipped with cam on the locating piece, fixedly connected with lock pin lid on the clamping ring, be equipped with the lock pin in the clamping ring, the clamping ring with be equipped with the elastic component between the lock pin, the lock pin be in under the effect of elastic component with lock pin lid laminating just the slider is slideable, works as when drain valve is closed state, cam with the lock pin offsets, the slider is located the slot just the tip of lock pin is located the slider inboard.

The locating piece is provided with a rotary switch limiting part, and the rotary switch limiting part limits the rotation angle of the locating piece.

And a lock hole is formed in the positioning sheet.

The pressing ring is connected with an end cover shaft through a hinge, guide blocks are arranged at two ends of the end cover shaft, guide rods are fixedly arranged on the pressure equipment, and the guide blocks are in plug-in fit with the guide rods and can slide relative to the guide rods.

The switch gland is connected with the pressing ring through a screw.

And a sealing ring is arranged between the switch gland and the pressure-bearing equipment.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides an opening and closing device of pressure equipment, which is arranged on the pressure equipment provided with an adaptive through hole, and the switch gland can be detached from or installed on the pressure equipment only by moving a sliding block through an operating device, so that the operation is simple and convenient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that it is within the scope of the invention to one skilled in the art to obtain other drawings from these drawings without inventive faculty.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an angle of an opening and closing apparatus of a pressure-bearing device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a clamping ring;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping ring;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slider structure;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic drawing of a telescopic movement of a sliding block along a diameter direction driven by rotation of a turntable, wherein a is a schematic drawing of a structure of the sliding block extending out, and B is a schematic drawing of a structure of the sliding block retracting back;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a spacer;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1A;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic motion of another moving mode of the sliding block, wherein a is a schematic diagram of a structure of extending the sliding block, and B is a schematic diagram of a structure of retracting the sliding block;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the connecting member on the clamping ring;

figure 11 is another angular cross-sectional view of the opening and closing means of the pressure-bearing device;

in the figure, 1, a gland; 2, sealing rings; 3, bearing equipment; 32, a slot; 4, sliding blocks; 41, guide pins; 5, a turntable; 51, a spiral groove; 6, pressing ring; 61, a guide groove; 7, a screw; 8, a spanner joint; 9, pulling a rod; 10, a drain valve; 101, draining a valve stem; 102 draining valve core; 11, positioning sheets; 1101, a cam portion; 1102, a rotary switch limiting part; 1103, locking hole; 12, locking pin; 13, a lock pin cover; 14, an elastic member; 15, a guide block; 16, end cap shaft; 17, a handle; 19, guide bars.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, all the expressions "first" and "second" are used to distinguish two entities with the same name but different entities or different parameters, and it is noted that the "first" and "second" are only used for convenience of expression, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are not described one by one.

The terms of direction and position in the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., refer only to the direction or position of the drawing. Accordingly, directional and positional terms are used to illustrate and understand the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an opening and closing device for pressure equipment comprises a switch gland 1 for sealing a through hole of the pressure equipment 3, wherein a pressing ring 6 is fixedly connected to the switch gland 1, the structure of the pressing ring 6 is as shown in fig. 2 and 3, at least one guide groove 61 is arranged in the

pressing ring

6, 4 guide grooves are arranged in the figure, and different numbers of guide grooves can be adopted according to different specifications of the device. The guide groove 61 is internally provided with an adaptive sliding block 4, the structure of the sliding block 4 is shown in fig. 4 and 5, the sliding block 4 can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring 6 in the guide groove 61 and is limited in the circumferential direction, the pressing ring 6 is internally sleeved with a rotary disc 5 which is rotatable in the circumferential direction and is limited in the axial direction with the sliding block 4 to the rotary disc 5, the pressing device 3 is correspondingly provided with a slot 32, the sliding block 4 is slidably provided with a first position positioned in the slot 32 for connecting the switching gland 1 with the pressing device 3 and a second position positioned outside the slot 32 for separating the switching gland 1 from the pressing device 3 relative to the guide groove 61, the sliding block 4 is connected with an operating device for moving the sliding block 4, and the switching gland 1 is provided with a drain valve 10 communicated with the inner cavity of the pressing device 3.

The rotary table 5 is provided with a spiral groove 51, the sliding block 4 is provided with a guide pin 41 matched with the spiral groove 51, the rotary table 5 is provided with an operation piece for rotating the rotary table 5, and the pressure-bearing device 3 is provided with a slot 32 corresponding to the sliding block 4. The turnplate 5 is fixedly connected with the spanner bar joint 8, the spanner bar joint 8 is fixedly connected with the spanner bar 9, the turnplate 5 can be rotated by operating the spanner bar 9, the turnplate 5 is limited by the spiral groove 51 and the guide groove 61, when the turnplate 5 rotates, the sliding block 4 moves in the guide groove 61 of the pressing ring 6 in a radial telescopic manner, as shown in fig. 6, when the turnplate 5 moves clockwise (A), the sliding block 4 moves outwards in the radial direction, the bearing device 3 is provided with a slot 32 corresponding to the sliding block 4, the sliding block 4 enters the slot 32 to be connected with the bearing device 3, when the turnplate 5 moves anticlockwise (B), the sliding block 4 moves inwards in the radial direction, and when the sliding block 4 leaves the slot 32, the switch gland 1 can be detached. The structure realizes the effect of extremely quick opening and closing, and the detachable connection structure that can also take in addition can be through common connected modes such as threaded connection, flange joint, bolted connection, and the like, and in contrast, the detachable connection structure is more quick, can accomplish opening or closing only through rotating at least not more than one round (the carousel in the figure only needs to rotate about 45 degrees), and adopts threaded connection, flange joint, bolted connection to rotate for many weeks just can accomplish the dismantlement at least.

The spanner bar joint 8 and the spanner bar 9 are fixedly connected to form an operating piece for rotating the turntable 5, and a handle or a steering wheel can be directly arranged on the turntable 5, which are common operating pieces for rotation.

The drain valve 10 comprises a drain valve stem 101 and a drain valve spool 102, the switch gland 1 is provided with a third through hole communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure-bearing device 3, and the drain valve 10 is opened or closed by rotating the drain valve spool 102 relative to the switch gland 1. The drain valve 10 is typically a rotary-opening valve, such as a ball valve, a plug valve, etc., and can be opened or closed by 90 ° rotation.

The drain valve stem 101 is connected with a positioning plate 11, the structure of the positioning plate 11 is shown in fig. 7, the positioning plate 11 is in circumferential linkage with the drain valve stem 101, a cam 1101 is arranged on the positioning plate 11, as shown in fig. 8, a lock pin cover 13 is fixedly connected to the rotary table 5, a lock pin 12 is arranged in the rotary table 5, an elastic piece 14 is arranged between the rotary table 5 and the lock pin 12, the elastic piece 14 is a compression spring, the lock pin 12 is attached to the lock pin cover 13 under the action of the elastic piece 14, and the sliding block 4 is slidable, when the drain valve 10 is in a closed state, the cam 1101 is abutted to the lock pin 12, the sliding block 4 is positioned in the slot 32, and the end part of the lock pin 12 is positioned at the inner side of the sliding block 4. When the relief valve 10 is in the open state, the positioning piece 11 is not in contact with the lock pin 12, the lock pin 12 is in the natural state, and when the relief valve 10 is in the closed state, the lock pin 12 moves leftward under the urging of the cam portion 1101 of the positioning piece 11, and at this time, the lock pin 12 extends to the inside of the slider 4.

In addition, as shown in fig. 9, when one or two sliding blocks 4 are provided, a manner of moving the sliding blocks 4 can be adopted, a handle is arranged on the sliding blocks, a strip-shaped groove is arranged on the pressing ring 6, the handle can be directly moved, and then the sliding blocks can be opened or closed, and when one sliding block 4 is provided, the other end of the sliding block can be hinged. Such a structure does not require a turntable, and the lock pin 12, the lock pin cover 13, and the elastic member 14 are provided on the pressing ring 6. The sliding blocks with the structure are preferably one or two, the sliding blocks are too many, the opening is inconvenient, but the sliding blocks are one or two, so that the acting force for keeping the connection between the switch gland 1 and the valve body 3 cannot be uniform, as shown in fig. 9, the connection between the switch gland 1 and the valve body 3 can be ensured at the position of the sliding blocks, the sealing fit between the sealing ring 2 and the valve body 3 in the switch gland 1 can not be ensured at the position farthest from the sliding blocks, the leakage is easy to occur, and the sliding blocks can be 4 blocks or more in a turntable mode, and the sealing effect during the connection between the switch gland 1 and the valve body 3 is ensured by uniformly arranging the sliding blocks in the circumferential direction.

The locating piece 11 is provided with a rotary switch limiting part 1102, the rotary switch limiting part 1102 limits the rotation angle of the locating piece 11, and corresponding limiting parts are arranged on the pressure-bearing equipment 3 or the switch gland 1 according to the rotary switch limiting part 1102, so that the drain valve 10 can be accurately opened or closed.

The positioning piece 11 is provided with a locking hole 1103, and the drain valve 10 can be locked if necessary to prevent misoperation of the drain valve 10.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the pressing ring 6 is connected with an end cover shaft 16 through a hinge, guide blocks 15 are arranged at two ends of the end cover shaft 16, a guide rod 19 is fixedly installed on the pressure-bearing device 3, the guide blocks 15 are in plug-in fit with the guide rod 19, and the guide blocks 15 can slide relative to the guide rod 19. The gland 1 and the gland ring 6 cannot rotate under the limitation of the connecting parts, the whole switch device can be operated without alignment, and the whole switch device after being taken out can be easily rotated to the side surface of the through hole of the pressure-bearing equipment 3 along the end cover shaft 16.

The switch gland 1 is connected with the pressing ring 6 through a screw 7, so that the installation is convenient.

A sealing ring 2 is arranged between the switch gland 1 and the pressure-bearing equipment 3. The sealing performance of the switch gland 1 and the pressure-bearing equipment 3 is improved, and leakage is prevented.

The through hole of the pressure equipment 3 in fig. 1 is in a closed state, at this time, the sliding block 4 is clamped in the groove of the pressure equipment 3, and the gland assembled with the sliding block 4 is used for plugging the through hole of the pressure equipment 3, so that the through hole of the pressure equipment 3 is reliably sealed under the sealing of the sealing ring 2. At this time, the drain valve 10 is in the closed position, the lock pin 12 is extended to the inside of the slider 4 by the cam mechanism of the positioning piece 11, and the slider 4 cannot move inward in the radial direction due to the restriction of the lock pin 12, and thus the through hole of the pressure-receiving device 3 cannot be opened. When the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 needs to be opened, the relief valve 10 must be opened first, when the relief valve 10 is opened, the medium in the pressure-bearing device 3 is discharged through the relief valve 10, so that no medium pressure exists in the pressure-bearing device 3, when the relief valve 10 is opened, the cam mechanism of the positioning piece 11 is separated from the lock pin 12, the lock pin 12 returns to a natural state under the action of the spring 14, at the moment, the lock pin 12 is not clamped on the inner side of the sliding block, at the moment, the rotary disc 5 can be rotated anticlockwise by operating the spanner 9, and the sliding block 4 moves inwards to shrink until the cam mechanism is separated from the groove of the pressure-bearing device 3. At this time, the whole switching device can be taken out from the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 along the guide rod 19 through the handle 17 and the spanner rod 9, and the taken out whole switching device can be easily rotated to the side surface of the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 along the end cover shaft 16, and at this time, an external object can be placed into the pressure-bearing device 3 or the object in the pressure-bearing device 3 can be taken out through the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3. After the operation is finished, the switching device of the pressure-bearing equipment can be quickly closed according to a reverse procedure.

The switch of the conventional device needs to disassemble or assemble a plurality of groups of bolts and nuts on the blind plate, which takes time, labor and effort, and the device can disassemble or assemble the pressure-bearing equipment switch device from the pressure-bearing equipment only by rotating the rotary table 5. Before the conventional blind plate device is disassembled, if the drain valve is forgotten to be opened, there is a great danger in the process of disassembling the blind plate, and if the drain valve 10 is forgotten to be opened before the device is opened, the rotary table 5 cannot be rotated due to the clamping position of the lock pin 12, that is, the switching device of the pressure-bearing device cannot be opened when the medium in the pressure-bearing device is not discharged. The pressure equipment switching device designed by the invention can be rapidly and safely opened and closed.

The foregoing is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims in the claims, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the invention are within the protection scope of the present patent.

Claims

1. An opening and closing device of pressure equipment, characterized in that: the valve comprises a switch gland (1) for sealing a through hole of pressure equipment (3), wherein a pressing ring (6) is fixedly connected to the switch gland (1), at least one guide groove (61) is arranged in the pressing ring (6), an adaptive sliding block (4) is arranged in the guide groove (61), the sliding block (4) can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring (6) and is limited by the circumferential direction in the guide groove (61), a slot (32) is arranged on the pressure equipment (3) corresponding to the sliding block (4), the sliding block (4) can slide relative to the guide groove (61), a first position, which is positioned in the slot (32) and enables the switch gland (1) to be connected to the pressure equipment (3), and a second position, which is positioned outside the slot (32), enables the switch gland (1) to be separated from the pressure equipment (3), an operating device for moving the sliding block (4) is connected to the sliding block (4), an inner cavity (1) is provided with a valve (10) communicated with the pressure equipment (3), a valve plug (102) is arranged on the pressure equipment (3), the valve body is communicated with the valve body (10), opening or closing the drain valve (10) by rotation of the drain valve spool (102) relative to the switching gland (1);

the pressing ring (6) is internally sleeved with a rotary disc (5) which can rotate circumferentially and axially limits the rotary disc (5) with the sliding block (4), the rotary disc (5) is provided with spiral grooves (51), the spiral grooves (51) are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide grooves (61), the spiral grooves (51) are arc-shaped guide grooves with first endpoints and second endpoints, the distance between the first endpoints and the central shaft of the rotary disc (5) is larger than the distance between the second endpoints and the central shaft of the rotary disc (5), the sliding block (4) is provided with guide pins (41) which are in plug-in fit with the spiral grooves (51), when the guide pins (41) are located at the first endpoints, the sliding block (4) is located at the second positions, and the rotary disc (5) is provided with operating parts for rotating the rotary disc (5);

the utility model discloses a drain valve rod (101) is connected with spacer (11), spacer (11) with drain valve rod (101) circumference linkage, be equipped with cam portion (1101) on spacer (11), fixedly connected with lockpin lid (13) on carousel (5), be equipped with lockpin (12) in carousel (5), carousel (5) with be equipped with elastic component (14) between lockpin (12), lockpin (12) under the effect of elastic component (14) with lockpin lid (13) laminating just slider (4) are slideable, works as drain valve (10) are when closing state, cam portion (1101) with lockpin (12) offset, slider (4) are located slot (32) just the tip of lockpin (12) is located slider (4) and is close to the inboard of clamp ring (6) center pin and form spacingly slider (4).

2. An opening and closing apparatus for pressure equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the locating piece (11) is provided with a rotary switch limiting part (1102), and the rotary switch limiting part (1102) limits the rotation angle of the locating piece (11).

3. An opening and closing apparatus for pressure equipment according to claim 1, wherein: and a lock hole (1103) is arranged on the positioning sheet (11).

4. An opening and closing apparatus for pressure equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the pressing ring (6) is connected with an end cover shaft (16) through a hinge joint, guide blocks (15) are arranged at two ends of the end cover shaft (16), guide rods (19) are fixedly arranged on the pressure equipment (3), the guide blocks (15) are in plug-in fit with the guide rods (19), and the guide blocks (15) can slide relative to the guide rods (19).

5. An opening and closing apparatus for pressure equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the switch gland (1) is connected with the pressing ring (6) through a screw (7).

6. An opening and closing apparatus for pressure equipment according to claim 1, wherein: a sealing ring (2) is arranged between the switch gland (1) and the pressure-bearing equipment (3).