CN108757936B

CN108757936B - Opening and closing device for pressure equipment through hole

Info

Publication number: CN108757936B
Application number: CN201810870994.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱晓来; 叶建伟; 黄明金; 潘建瓯; 王汉洲
Original assignee: Chaoda Valve Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Chaoda Valve Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-02
Filing date: 2018-08-02
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-02
Also published as: CN108757936A

Abstract

The invention relates to an opening and closing device for a through hole of pressure equipment, which comprises a switch gland used for sealing the through hole of the pressure equipment, wherein a pressing ring is fixedly connected to the switch gland, at least one guide groove is arranged in the pressing ring, an adaptive sliding block is arranged in the guide groove, the sliding block can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring and is limited by the circumferential direction in the guide groove, a slot is arranged on the pressure equipment corresponding to the sliding block, the sliding block can slide relative to the guide groove, a first position positioned in the slot and used for connecting the switch gland to the pressure equipment and a second position positioned outside the slot and used for separating the switch gland from the pressure equipment are arranged on the sliding block, and an operating device used for moving the sliding block is connected to the switch gland. The switch gland can be detached from or installed on the pressure equipment only by moving the sliding block through the operating device, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Opening and closing device for pressure equipment through hole

Technical Field

The invention relates to an opening and closing device for a through hole of pressure equipment.

Background

There are a large number of pressure-bearing devices in the fields of petroleum, chemical, coal chemical, metallurgy, electric power, oil and gas transportation, etc., such as valves, pressure vessels, pressure pipes, etc., and in some cases it is necessary to put external objects into the pressure-bearing devices or take out the objects in the pressure-bearing devices. In order to reduce the influence on the continuous operation efficiency of the pressure equipment, the pressure equipment needs to be opened and closed quickly and conveniently, and the medium in the pressure equipment can be corrosive, inflammable and explosive due to the fact that the medium in the pressure equipment has higher pressure and temperature, so that the safety problem when the pressure equipment is opened needs to be considered. In order to open and close the pressure equipment, a through hole is usually formed in the pressure equipment, a blind plate is arranged, the through hole is sealed by adopting the blind plate, a bolt nut and a gasket, and the purpose of opening and sealing the through hole is achieved by disassembling and installing the bolt nut on the blind plate when needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned problems, and provides an opening and closing apparatus for a through hole of a pressure-bearing device.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the opening and closing device for the through hole of the pressure equipment comprises a switch gland used for sealing the through hole of the pressure equipment, wherein a pressing ring is fixedly connected to the switch gland, at least one guide groove is formed in the pressing ring, an adaptive sliding block is installed in the guide groove, the sliding block is arranged in the guide groove and can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring and is limited by the circumferential direction, a slot is formed in the pressure equipment corresponding to the sliding block, the sliding block can slide relative to the guide groove, the first position of the switch gland, which is positioned in the slot and enables the switch gland to be connected to the pressure equipment, the second position, which is positioned outside the slot and enables the switch gland to be separated from the pressure equipment, an operating device used for moving the sliding block is connected to the sliding block, and a drain valve communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure equipment is arranged on the switch gland.

The pressing ring is internally sleeved with a rotary disc which is rotatable in the circumferential direction and axially limited by the sliding block, the rotary disc is provided with a spiral groove, the sliding block is provided with a guide pin matched with the spiral groove, and the rotary disc is provided with an operating piece for rotating the rotary disc.

The drain valve comprises a drain valve rod and a drain valve core arranged at the end part of the drain valve rod, a third through hole communicated with an inner cavity of the pressure-bearing equipment is formed in the switch pressure cover, the drain valve is opened or closed through the vertical displacement of the drain valve rod relative to the switch pressure cover, the drain valve rod is connected with a connecting piece which is rotationally and axially linked with the connecting piece in the circumferential direction, the connecting piece is fixedly connected with a lock pin, and when the drain valve is in a closed position, the lock pin is positioned at the inner side of the sliding block.

The drain valve is a needle-type drain valve.

The switch is pressed and is covered and articulated to have first connecting rod, first connecting rod articulates there is the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod articulates there is the back shaft, back shaft fixed mounting is on pressure equipment.

The switch gland is connected with the pressing ring through a screw.

And a sealing ring is arranged between the switch gland and the pressure-bearing equipment.

The switch gland and the pressure equipment are taper fit sealing surfaces.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides an opening and closing device for a through hole of pressure equipment, which is arranged on the pressure equipment provided with an adaptive through hole, and can be detached from or installed on the pressure equipment only by moving a sliding block through an operating device, so that the operation is simple and convenient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that it is within the scope of the invention to one skilled in the art to obtain other drawings from these drawings without inventive faculty.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a quick safety opening and closing device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a clamping ring;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping ring;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slider structure;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic drawing of a telescopic movement of a sliding block along a diameter direction driven by rotation of a turntable, wherein a is a schematic drawing of a structure of the sliding block extending out, and B is a schematic drawing of a structure of the sliding block retracting back;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a telescopic motion of another moving mode of the sliding block, wherein a is a schematic view of a structure of extending the sliding block, and B is a schematic view of retracting the sliding block;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the opening process, (1) is completely closed, (2) is that the switch gland leaves the valve body, (3) is that the whole switch device rotates to the side surface of the through hole of the pressure-bearing equipment 3;

in the figure, 1, a gland; 2, sealing rings; 3, a valve body; 32, a slot; 4, sliding blocks; 41, guide pins; 5, a turntable; 51, a spiral groove; 52, a third through hole; 6, pressing ring; 61, a guide groove; 7, a screw; 8, a spanner joint; 9, pulling a rod; 10, a drain valve; 101, draining a valve stem; 102 draining valve core; 11, a connecting piece; 12, locking pin; 13, hinging and supporting a screw; 14, a connecting rod; 15, a pin shaft; 16, a connecting rod; 17, a pin shaft; 18, supporting the shaft.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, all the expressions "first" and "second" are used to distinguish two entities with the same name but different entities or different parameters, and it is noted that the "first" and "second" are only used for convenience of expression, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are not described one by one.

The terms of direction and position in the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., refer only to the direction or position of the drawing. Accordingly, directional and positional terms are used to illustrate and understand the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the opening and closing device for the through hole of the pressure-bearing device comprises a switch gland 1 for sealing the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3, wherein a pressing ring 6 is fixedly connected to the switch gland 1, the structure of the pressing ring 6 is as shown in fig. 2, at least one guide groove 61 is arranged in the

pressing ring

6, 4 guide grooves are shown in the figure, and different numbers of guide grooves can be adopted according to different specifications of the device. The guide groove 61 is internally provided with an adaptive sliding block 4, the structure of the sliding block 4 is shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sliding block 4 can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring 6 in the guide groove 61 and is limited in the circumferential direction, the pressing ring 6 is internally sleeved with a rotary disc 5 which is rotatable in the circumferential direction and is limited in the axial direction with the sliding block 4 to the rotary disc 5, the pressing device 3 is correspondingly provided with a slot 32, the sliding block 4 is slidably provided with a first position positioned in the slot 32 for connecting the switching gland 1 with the pressing device 3 and a second position positioned outside the slot 32 for separating the switching gland 1 from the pressing device 3 relative to the guide groove 61, the sliding block 4 is connected with an operating device for moving the sliding block 4, and the switching gland 1 is provided with a drain valve 10 communicated with the inner cavity of the pressing device 3.

The rotary table 5 is provided with a spiral groove 51, the sliding block 4 is provided with a guide pin 41 matched with the spiral groove 51, the rotary table 5 is provided with an operation piece for rotating the rotary table 5, and the pressure-bearing device 3 is provided with a slot 32 corresponding to the sliding block 4. The turnplate 5 is fixedly connected with the spanner bar joint 8, the spanner bar joint 8 is fixedly connected with the spanner bar 9, the turnplate 5 can be rotated by operating the spanner bar 9, the turnplate 5 is limited by the spiral groove 51 and the guide groove 61, when the turnplate 5 rotates, the sliding block 4 moves in the guide groove 61 of the pressing ring 6 in a radial telescopic manner, as shown in fig. 6, when the turnplate 5 moves clockwise (A), the sliding block 4 moves outwards in the radial direction, the bearing device 3 is provided with a slot 32 corresponding to the sliding block 4, the sliding block 4 enters the slot 32 to be connected with the bearing device 3, when the turnplate 5 moves anticlockwise (B), the sliding block 4 moves inwards in the radial direction, and when the sliding block 4 leaves the slot 32, the switch gland 1 can be detached. The structure realizes the effect of extremely quick opening and closing, and the detachable connection structure that can also take in addition can be through common connected modes such as threaded connection, flange joint, bolted connection, and the like, and in contrast, the detachable connection structure is more quick, can accomplish opening or closing only through rotating at least not more than one round (the carousel in the figure only needs to rotate about 45 degrees), and adopts threaded connection, flange joint, bolted connection to rotate for many weeks just can accomplish the dismantlement at least.

In addition, as shown in fig. 7, when one or two sliding blocks 4 are provided, a manner of moving the sliding blocks 4 can also be adopted, a manner of arranging a handle on the sliding block and directly moving the sliding blocks, when one sliding block 4 is provided, the other end of the sliding block can be hinged, but compared with a manner of arranging a turntable, the sliding blocks with the structure are preferably one or two sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are too many, the opening is inconvenient, but the sliding blocks are one or two, so that the acting force for keeping the connection between the switch gland 1 and the valve body 3 cannot be uniform, as in fig. 7, the connection between the switch gland 1 and the valve body 3 can be ensured at the position of the sliding blocks, the position farthest from the sliding blocks cannot be ensured, the sealing fit between the sealing ring 2 and the valve body 3 in the switch gland 1 is easy to leak, and the manner of selecting a turntable is adopted, the sliding blocks can be 4 blocks or more, the circumferential uniform arrangement is ensured, and the sealing effect when the switch gland 1 and the valve body 3 are connected is ensured.

The spanner bar joint 8 and the spanner bar 9 are fixedly connected to form an operating piece for rotating the turntable 5, and a handle or a steering wheel can be directly arranged on the turntable 5, which are common operating pieces for rotation.

As shown in fig. 8, the switch gland 1 is connected with the connecting rod 14 by adopting the hinge 13, the connecting rod 14 is connected with the connecting rod 16 by adopting the pin shaft 15, the connecting rod 16 is connected with the supporting shaft 18 by the pin shaft 17, and the supporting shaft 18 is fixedly arranged on the pressure-bearing equipment 3, so that the switch gland 1 and the pressing ring 6 cannot perform rotary motion in the through hole of the pressure-bearing equipment 3 under the restriction of the connecting member. The whole switch device after being taken out can be easily rotated to the side surface of the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 through the hinge bracket 13, the connecting rod 14, the pin shaft 15, the connecting rod 16 and the pin shaft 17, as shown in fig. 9.

Referring to fig. 1, the drain valve 10 is disposed in the middle of the switch gland 1, the drain valve 10 is a needle-shaped stop valve, a valve rod 101 of the drain valve and a valve clack are designed into a whole, the drain valve 10 is opened or closed by lifting movement of the valve rod 101, the drain valve rod 101 is connected with a connecting piece 11 and is in circumferential rotatable and axial linkage with the connecting piece 11, the connecting piece 11 is fixedly connected with a lock pin 12, the valve rod 101 of the drain valve is in axial linkage with the pin 12 through the connecting piece 11, and lifting movement of the valve rod 101 drives the pin 12 to perform lifting movement at the same time. The turntable 5 is provided with a third through hole 52 for the insertion of the locking pin 12, the locking pin 12 extending inside the slider 4 when the bleeder valve 10 is in the closed position. When the relief valve 10 is in the open position, the locking pin 12 does not extend to the inside of the slider 4. Fig. 6 shows the situation when the through hole arranged on the ball valve body is closed, at this time, the sliding block 4 is clamped in the groove of the pressure-bearing device 3, the switch gland 1 assembled with the sliding block 4 seals the through hole arranged on the ball valve body, and the through hole of the valve body is reliably sealed under the sealing of the sealing ring 2. At this time, the drain valve 10 is in the closed position, and the lock pin 12 is extended to the inside of the slider 4, so that the slider 4 cannot move radially inward. At this time, the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 cannot be opened. The length of the lock pin 12 can also be reduced, the third through hole 52 is matched with the lock pin 12 or slightly larger than the lock pin 12, when the release valve 10 is in the closed position, the lock pin 12 stretches to the third through hole 52 to complete locking of the turntable, and the through hole on the pressure-bearing equipment 3 is prevented from being opened. In the prior art, if the medium is forgotten to be discharged before the blind plate is disassembled, the blind plate is disassembled with great potential safety hazard, and the problem can be solved through the arrangement.

A sealing ring 2 is arranged between the switch gland 1 and the pressure-bearing equipment 3. The sealing performance of the switch gland 1 and the pressure-bearing equipment 3 is improved, and leakage is prevented.

In order to more easily take out the switching device from the through hole of the pressure equipment 3 or put the switching device back into the through hole of the pressure equipment 3, the sealing matching surface of the switching gland 1 and the through hole of the pressure equipment 3 is designed to have a certain taper, and the sealing ring 2 is not easy to damage when the switching device is taken out or put back by adopting the taper matching sealing surface.

The switch gland 1 is connected with the pressing ring 6 through a screw 7, so that the installation is convenient.

The through hole of the pressure equipment 3 in fig. 1 is in a closed state, at this time, the sliding block 4 is clamped in the groove of the pressure equipment 3, the gland 1 assembled with the sliding block 4 into a whole seals the through hole of the pressure equipment 3, and the through hole of the pressure equipment 3 is ensured to be reliably sealed under the sealing of the sealing ring 2. At this time, the drain valve 10 is in the closed position, the lock pin 12 is extended to the inside of the slider 4, and the slider 4 at this time cannot move radially inward due to the restriction of the lock pin 12, and thus the through hole of the pressure-receiving device 3 cannot be opened. When the through hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 needs to be opened, the relief valve 10 must be opened first, when the relief valve 10 is opened, the medium in the pressure-bearing device 3 is discharged through the relief valve 10, so that no medium pressure in the pressure-bearing device 3 is ensured, when the relief valve 10 is opened, the lock pin 12 is also separated from the inner side of the sliding block 4, at this time, the rotary table 5 can be rotated anticlockwise through the operation spanner 9, and the sliding block 4 is moved inwards to be contracted until the sliding block is separated from the groove of the pressure-bearing device 3. At this time, the entire switchgear may be taken out from the through-hole of the pressure-bearing device 3, and the taken-out entire switchgear may be easily rotated to the side of the through-hole of the pressure-bearing device 3 by the hinge 13, the link 14, the pin 15, the link 16 and the pin 17, see fig. 7. At this time, external objects may be put into the pressure-bearing device 3 or taken out of the objects in the pressure-bearing device 3 through the through holes of the pressure-bearing device 3.

The switch of the conventional device needs to disassemble or assemble a plurality of groups of bolts and nuts on the blind plate, which takes time, labor and effort, and the device can disassemble or assemble the pressure-bearing equipment switch device from the pressure-bearing equipment only by rotating the rotary table 5. Before the conventional blind plate device is disassembled, if the drain valve is forgotten to be opened, there is a great danger in the process of disassembling the blind plate, and if the drain valve 10 is forgotten to be opened before the device is opened, the rotary table 5 cannot be rotated due to the clamping position of the lock pin 12, that is, the switching device of the pressure-bearing device cannot be opened when the medium in the pressure-bearing device is not discharged. The pressure equipment switching device designed by the invention can be rapidly and safely opened and closed.

The foregoing is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims in the claims, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the invention are within the protection scope of the present patent.

Claims

1. Opening and closing means of pressure equipment through-hole, its characterized in that: the pressure-bearing device comprises a switch gland (1) for sealing a through hole of pressure-bearing equipment (3), wherein a pressing ring (6) is fixedly connected to the switch gland (1), at least one guide groove (61) is formed in the pressing ring (6), an adaptive sliding block (4) is arranged in the guide groove (61), the sliding block (4) can only move along the radial direction of the pressing ring (6) and is limited by the circumferential direction in the guide groove (61), a slot (32) is formed in the pressure-bearing equipment (3) corresponding to the sliding block (4), the sliding block (4) can slide relative to the guide groove (61) and has a first position in the slot (32) for enabling the switch gland (1) to be connected to the pressure-bearing equipment (3) and a second position outside the slot (32) for enabling the switch gland (1) to be separated from the pressure-bearing equipment (3), an operating device for moving the sliding block (4) is connected to the sliding block (4), and a pressure-bearing valve (10) communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure-bearing equipment (3) is arranged on the switch gland (1);

the pressing ring (6) is internally sleeved with a rotary disc (5) which can rotate circumferentially and axially limits the rotary disc (5) with the sliding block (4), the rotary disc (5) is provided with spiral grooves (51), the spiral grooves (51) are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide grooves (61), the spiral grooves (51) are arc-shaped guide grooves with first endpoints and second endpoints, the distance between the first endpoints and the central shaft of the rotary disc (5) is larger than the distance between the second endpoints and the central shaft of the rotary disc (5), the sliding block (4) is provided with guide pins (41) which are in plug-in fit with the spiral grooves (51), when the guide pins (41) are located at the first endpoints, the sliding block (4) is located at the second positions, and the rotary disc (5) is provided with operating parts for rotating the rotary disc (5);

the drain valve (10) comprises a drain valve rod (101) and a drain valve spool (102) arranged at the end part of the drain valve rod (101), a third through hole communicated with an inner cavity of the pressure-bearing device (3) is formed in the switch gland (1), the drain valve (10) is opened or closed through the vertical displacement of the drain valve rod (101) relative to the switch gland (1), the drain valve rod (101) is connected with a connecting piece (11) and is in circumferential rotation and axial linkage with the connecting piece (11), the connecting piece (11) is fixedly connected with a lock pin (12), the drain valve (10) is in a closed position, and the lock pin (12) is located at the inner side, close to the central shaft of the pressing ring (6), of the sliding block (4) in a first position to limit the sliding block (4).

2. The opening and closing apparatus for a through-hole of a pressure-bearing device according to claim 1, wherein: the drain valve (10) is a needle-type drain valve.

3. The opening and closing apparatus for a through-hole of a pressure-bearing device according to claim 1, wherein: the switch gland (1) is hinged with a first connecting rod (14), the first connecting rod (14) is hinged with a second connecting rod (16), the second connecting rod (16) is hinged with a supporting shaft (18), and the supporting shaft (18) is fixedly installed on the pressure-bearing equipment (3).

4. The opening and closing apparatus for a through-hole of a pressure-bearing device according to claim 1, wherein: the switch gland (1) is connected with the pressing ring (6) through a screw (7).

5. The opening and closing apparatus for a through-hole of a pressure-bearing device according to claim 1, wherein: a sealing ring (2) is arranged between the switch gland (1) and the pressure-bearing equipment (3).

6. The opening and closing apparatus for a through-hole of a pressure-bearing device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the switch gland (1) and the pressure equipment (3) are taper fit sealing surfaces.