CN108953448B - Permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator - Google Patents
Permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108953448B CN108953448B CN201810906521.1A CN201810906521A CN108953448B CN 108953448 B CN108953448 B CN 108953448B CN 201810906521 A CN201810906521 A CN 201810906521A CN 108953448 B CN108953448 B CN 108953448B
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F6/00—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
- F16F6/005—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid using permanent magnets only
Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of vibration control. The permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator has the characteristics of good vibration isolation effect, small size and convenient adjustment. The technical proposal is as follows: a permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator is characterized in that: comprising a mass-spring-damping module providing a linear force and a nonlinear module providing a nonlinear force; the mass-spring-damping module comprises a load plate and an excitation plate which are arranged up and down, wherein a vertical vibration structure fixed at the center of the load plate and three sets of displacement structures which are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are connected with the load plate and the excitation plate are respectively arranged between the load plate and the excitation plate; the nonlinear modules are provided with three sets, are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are fixed on the excitation plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibration control, in particular to a permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator.
Background
In the use and manufacturing process of high-precision instruments such as aerospace, the vibration isolation requirements on the surrounding environment are higher and higher, and the vibration isolation elements are required. Most of the conventional passive vibration isolators are monostable vibration isolators, the optimal vibration isolation capability of the conventional passive vibration isolators is often constrained by vibration isolator parameters, the vibration isolation bandwidth is narrow, and most of the conventional passive vibration isolators can only realize the vibration reduction function in one direction. If the multi-directional vibration isolation capability is to be realized, vibration isolators are added in corresponding directions or a mechanism design is used for conversion, so that the vibration isolation structure of the vibration isolator is complex and low in efficiency, the space utilization rate is reduced, and meanwhile, a large amount of uncertain vibration in the direction is accompanied in engineering, so that the unidirectional vibration isolator cannot meet the working requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the background art and provides the permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator which has the characteristics of good vibration isolation effect, smaller size and convenient adjustment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator is characterized in that: comprising a mass-spring-damping module providing a linear force and a nonlinear module providing a nonlinear force; the mass-spring-damping module comprises a load plate and an excitation plate which are arranged up and down, wherein a vertical vibration structure fixed at the center of the load plate and three sets of displacement structures which are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are connected with the load plate and the excitation plate are respectively arranged between the load plate and the excitation plate; the nonlinear modules are provided with three sets, are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are fixed on the excitation plate.
The vertical vibration structure comprises an upper fixing part fixed with the load plate, a lower movable part arranged below the upper fixing part and a first adjusting screw connected between the upper fixing part and the lower movable part; the upper fixing part is internally provided with a first annular permanent magnet and a second annular permanent magnet which are arranged up and down; and a third annular permanent magnet is arranged in the lower movable part.
The displacement structure comprises a sleeve fixed on the excitation plate, an optical axis which can axially slide along the sleeve and is fixed with the load plate, and a linear spring which is sleeved on the optical axis and the two ends of which are fixed with the load plate and the sleeve.
The nonlinear module comprises a supporting table, a first aluminum round bar, a second aluminum round bar, a sixth aluminum round bar, a seventh aluminum round bar, a second adjusting screw and a fourth annular permanent magnet, wherein the supporting table is fixed on an excitation plate and provided with an adjusting groove, the first aluminum round bar and the second aluminum round bar can be axially and slidably positioned together, the sixth aluminum round bar is fixed with the first aluminum round bar and is rotatably positioned on the supporting table, the seventh aluminum round bar is fixed with the second aluminum round bar, the second adjusting screw penetrates through the adjusting groove and is connected with the seventh aluminum round bar, and the fourth annular permanent magnet is arranged at the front end of the first aluminum round bar.
The nonlinear module comprises a supporting table fixed on the excitation plate and provided with an adjusting groove, a stepped aluminum rod fixed with a tenth aluminum ring, a third adjusting screw penetrating through the adjusting groove and connected with the tenth aluminum ring, a fifth annular permanent magnet slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum rod, a sixth annular permanent magnet slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum rod and arranged between the fifth annular permanent magnet and the tenth aluminum ring, and an adjusting structure for adjusting the axial position of the sixth annular permanent magnet.
The nonlinear module comprises a supporting table fixed on the excitation plate and provided with an adjusting groove, a stepped aluminum rod fixed with a tenth aluminum ring, a third adjusting screw penetrating through the adjusting groove and connected with the tenth aluminum ring, a fifth annular permanent magnet slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum rod, and a second linear spring sleeved on the stepped aluminum rod, wherein two ends of the second linear spring are connected with the tenth aluminum ring and the fifth annular permanent magnet.
The first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is repelled with the third annular permanent magnet, and the third annular permanent magnet is repelled with the fourth annular permanent magnet.
The first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is attracted with the third annular permanent magnet, the third annular permanent magnet is repelled with the fifth annular permanent magnet, and the fifth annular permanent magnet is repelled with the sixth annular permanent magnet.
The first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is attracted with the third annular permanent magnet, and the third annular permanent magnet and the fifth annular permanent magnet repel each other.
The adjusting structure comprises an eighth aluminum ring and a ninth aluminum ring which are sleeved on the stepped aluminum bar and positioned at two ends of the sixth annular permanent magnet, a plurality of fourth adjusting screws vertically penetrate through the eighth aluminum ring and the ninth aluminum ring and then are in threaded engagement with the tenth aluminum ring, adjusting nuts are further arranged on the fourth adjusting screws, and the sixth annular permanent magnet, the eighth aluminum ring and the ninth aluminum ring are fastened into a whole through the matching of the adjusting nuts and the fourth adjusting screws.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
when the bistable vibration isolation principle is adopted, the invention has the characteristics of lower resonance frequency and transmissibility, wider vibration isolation bandwidth and lower transmissibility of the inner region in the resonance region of less than 1, the limit of the traditional vibration isolator is greatly broken through, and the coupling of the permanent magnet and an upper platform and a lower platform (a load plate and an excitation plate) can introduce a super damping effect, so that the vibration damping performance in a low frequency region is enhanced; when the vibration isolator works by adopting the three-direction vibration isolation principle, the vibration in the vertical direction can be converted into radial vibration or radial vibration is converted into vertical vibration, and the vibration is further reduced by utilizing internal resonance, so that the vibration isolation efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the size of a vertical vibration structure is reduced; meanwhile, the acting force among the permanent magnets is non-contact force, so that the service life of the device can be effectively prolonged, and the vibration isolation effect under different vibration conditions can be improved by adjusting the distance and the angle of the permanent magnets.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the nonlinear module in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the nonlinear module in embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a nonlinear module in embodiment 3.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction and distribution position of the permanent magnet in example 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction and distribution position of the permanent magnet in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator includes a mass-spring-damper module 1 that provides a linear force and a nonlinear module 2 that provides a nonlinear force.
In the mass-spring-damping module, a load plate 1-1 and an excitation plate 1-3 are arranged up and down and horizontally, a vertical vibration structure 1-4 and three sets of displacement structures 1-2 are respectively arranged between the load plate and the excitation plate, the vertical vibration structure is fixed at the center of the load plate, the displacement structures are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure, and two ends of the displacement structures are connected with the load plate and the excitation plate.
The vertical vibration structure comprises an upper fixing part fixed with the load plate, a lower movable part arranged below the upper fixing part and a first adjusting screw 1-4-7 for connecting the upper fixing part and the lower movable part. The upper fixing part comprises a stepped shaft 1-4-6, a fourth aluminum ring 1-4-2, a first annular permanent magnet 1-4-3, an iron ring 1-4-4 and a second annular permanent magnet 1-4-5 which are sequentially sleeved on the stepped shaft from top to bottom and are fixed into a whole, and the top of the stepped shaft is fixed with the load plate through a third screw 1-4-1. The lower movable part comprises a fifth aluminum circular ring 1-4-8 and a third annular permanent magnet 1-4-9 which are arranged up and down. The first adjusting screw 1-4-7 axially penetrates through the lower movable part from bottom to top and is in threaded connection with the bottom of the stepped shaft, and the distance between the third annular permanent magnet and the second annular permanent magnet can be adjusted by rotating the first adjusting screw.
The displacement structure comprises a sleeve fixed on the excitation plate and with an axis arranged vertically, an optical axis 1-2-4 which can slide along the axial direction of the sleeve and the top end of which is fixed with the load plate, and a linear spring 1-2-5 which is sleeved on the optical axis and the two ends of which are fixed with the load plate and the sleeve. The sleeve comprises a second aluminum ring 1-2-6, a linear bearing 1-2-7 and a third aluminum ring 1-2-8, wherein the second aluminum ring 1-2-6, the linear bearing 1-2-7 and the third aluminum ring 1-2-8 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are fixed into a whole. The top end of the optical axis is fixed with the load plate through a first screw 1-2-1. The top end of the linear spring is fixed with the first aluminum ring 1-2-3, the first aluminum ring is fixed with the load plate through the second screw 1-2-2, and the bottom end of the linear spring is fixed with the second aluminum ring of the sleeve.
The nonlinear modules are arranged in three sets, uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and fixed on the excitation plate, and are arranged at intervals with the displacement structure.
As shown in fig. 5, in the nonlinear module, a first bottom plate 2-11 and two first support plates 2-6 form a support table fixed on an excitation plate, an adjusting groove 2-12 (a vertically arranged bar-shaped groove) is formed in the first support plate, a sixth aluminum round ring 2-5 is arranged on the first aluminum round rod 2-4, a seventh aluminum round ring 2-9 is arranged on the second aluminum round rod 2-7, a fourth annular permanent magnet 2-3 is fixed at the front end of the first aluminum round rod through a fourth screw 2-1 and a gasket 2-2 (the fourth annular permanent magnet is prevented from axially moving during operation), a second aluminum round rod is axially slidably inserted at the rear end of the first aluminum round rod (a sliding hole matched with the second aluminum round rod is formed in the first aluminum round rod, the second aluminum round rod is slidably matched with the first aluminum round rod), two symmetrically arranged third aluminum round rods 2-13 are fixed on the sixth aluminum round ring to serve as horizontally rotating support shafts, and the sixth aluminum round ring is rotatably positioned on the first support plate through the third aluminum round rod; the second adjusting screw 2-10 passes through the adjusting groove and is connected with a seventh aluminum ring. The angle between the fourth annular permanent magnet and the third annular permanent magnet can be adjusted by changing the position of the second adjusting screw in the adjusting groove, so that different vibration isolation effects are generated with the third annular permanent magnet.
The axial direction of the fourth annular permanent magnet is intersected with the axial direction of the third annular permanent magnet, and the axis of the third aluminum round rod is perpendicular to the axial direction of the third annular permanent magnet and the axial direction of the fourth annular permanent magnet at the same time.
As shown in fig. 8, the first ring-shaped permanent magnet attracts the second ring-shaped permanent magnet (M1 attracts the second ring-shaped permanent magnet), the second ring-shaped permanent magnet repels the third ring-shaped permanent magnet (M2 repels the third ring-shaped permanent magnet), and the third ring-shaped permanent magnet repels the fourth ring-shaped permanent magnet (M3 repels the fourth ring-shaped permanent magnet).
The embodiment is a bistable vibration isolation principle, and the specific working mode is as follows:
the vibration is transmitted to the base platform, the nonlinear module and the vertical vibration structure generate relative vibration, the rigidity generated by magnetic force is negative, so that the total rigidity of the system is reduced, the natural frequency is further reduced, and meanwhile, the natural frequency is further reduced due to the existence of bistable state, and finally the vibration isolation bandwidth is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator includes a mass-spring-damper module 1 that provides a linear force and a nonlinear module 3 that provides a nonlinear force. The difference from example 1 is that:
as shown in fig. 6, in the nonlinear module, a second bottom plate 3-11 and two second supporting plates 3-9 form a supporting table fixed on the excitation plate, an adjusting groove 3-12 (the adjusting groove is a vertically arranged bar-shaped groove) is arranged on the second supporting plate, a stepped aluminum bar 3-1 is fixed with a tenth aluminum ring 3-8, a third adjusting screw 3-10 penetrates through the adjusting groove and is connected with the tenth aluminum ring, a fifth annular permanent magnet 3-2 and a sixth annular permanent magnet 3-4 are slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum bar (a step on the stepped aluminum bar is used for preventing the fifth annular permanent magnet from axially sliding out), and the sixth annular permanent magnet is positioned between the fifth annular permanent magnet and the tenth aluminum ring and is connected with the tenth aluminum ring through an adjusting structure. The angle and the height among the fifth annular permanent magnet, the sixth annular permanent magnet and the third annular permanent magnet can be adjusted by changing the position of the third adjusting screw in the adjusting groove, so that different vibration isolation effects are generated with the third annular permanent magnet.
The adjusting structure comprises an eighth aluminum ring 3-3 and a ninth aluminum ring 3-6 which are sleeved on the stepped aluminum bar and positioned at two ends of the sixth annular permanent magnet, a plurality of fourth adjusting screws 3-5 vertically penetrate through the eighth aluminum ring and the ninth aluminum ring and then are in threaded engagement with the tenth aluminum ring, adjusting nuts 3-7 are further arranged on the fourth adjusting screws, and the adjusting nuts are matched with the fourth adjusting screws to fasten the sixth annular permanent magnet, the eighth aluminum ring and the ninth aluminum ring into a whole. The distance between the sixth annular permanent magnet and the tenth aluminum ring can be adjusted by rotating the second adjusting screw, so that the distance between the fifth annular permanent magnet and the third annular permanent magnet is changed.
The axial direction of the fifth annular permanent magnet is coaxial with the axial direction of the sixth annular permanent magnet and also intersects with the axial direction of the third annular permanent magnet.
As shown in fig. 9, the first ring-shaped permanent magnet attracts the second ring-shaped permanent magnet (M1 attracts the second ring-shaped permanent magnet), the second ring-shaped permanent magnet attracts the third ring-shaped permanent magnet (M2 attracts the third ring-shaped permanent magnet), the third ring-shaped permanent magnet repels the fifth ring-shaped permanent magnet (M3 repels the fifth ring-shaped permanent magnet), and the fifth ring-shaped permanent magnet repels the sixth ring-shaped permanent magnet (M5 repels the sixth ring-shaped permanent magnet).
The embodiment is a three-direction vibration isolation principle, and the specific working mode is as follows:
1) The vibration is transmitted to the base platform, and the nonlinear module and the vertical vibration structure vibrate relatively;
2) A part of vibration in the vertical direction is converted into vibration in the horizontal direction, namely the fifth annular permanent magnet generates vibration under the nonlinear force action of the third annular permanent magnet, so that the vibration in the vertical direction is reduced;
3) The vertical vibration structure and each nonlinear module form two degrees of freedom and are nonlinear vibration, and the inherent frequency of the system is further reduced by utilizing internal resonance.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, a permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator includes a mass-spring-damper module 1 that provides a linear force and a nonlinear module 4 that provides a nonlinear force. The difference from example 2 is that:
in the nonlinear module, as shown in fig. 7, a second bottom plate 3-11 and two second supporting plates 3-9 form a supporting table fixed on an excitation plate, an adjusting groove 3-12 (the adjusting groove is a vertically arranged bar-shaped groove) is arranged on the second supporting plate, a stepped aluminum rod 3-1 is fixed on a tenth aluminum ring 3-8, a third adjusting screw 3-10 penetrates through the adjusting groove and is connected with the tenth aluminum ring, a fifth annular permanent magnet 3-2 is slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum rod, a second linear spring 4-1 is sleeved on the stepped aluminum rod, the tenth aluminum ring and the fifth annular permanent magnet are connected at two ends of the second linear spring, and the fifth annular permanent magnet can vibrate along the axial direction of the stepped aluminum rod.
The axial direction of the fifth annular permanent magnet is intersected with the axial direction of the third annular permanent magnet.
The first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is attracted with the third annular permanent magnet, and the third annular permanent magnet and the fifth annular permanent magnet repel each other.
The working principle of embodiment 3 is the same as that of embodiment 2.
Claims (3)
1. A permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator is characterized in that: comprising a mass-spring-damping module (1) providing a linear force and a nonlinear module providing a nonlinear force; the mass-spring-damping module (1) comprises a load plate (1-1) and an excitation plate (1-3) which are arranged up and down, wherein a vertical vibration structure (1-4) fixed at the center of the load plate and three sets of displacement structures (1-2) which are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are connected with the load plate and the excitation plate are respectively arranged between the load plate and the excitation plate; the nonlinear modules are provided with three sets and are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and fixed on the excitation plate;
the vertical vibration structure comprises an upper fixed part fixed with the load plate, a lower movable part arranged below the upper fixed part and a first adjusting screw (1-4-7) connected between the upper fixed part and the lower movable part; the upper fixing part is internally provided with a first annular permanent magnet (1-4-3) and a second annular permanent magnet (1-4-5) which are arranged up and down; a third annular permanent magnet (1-4-9) is arranged in the lower movable part;
the displacement structure comprises a sleeve, an optical axis (1-2-4) and a linear spring (1-2-5);
the nonlinear module comprises a supporting table, a first aluminum round bar (2-4) and a second aluminum round bar (2-7), a sixth aluminum round bar (2-5), a seventh aluminum round bar (2-9), a second adjusting screw (2-10) and a fourth annular permanent magnet (2-3), wherein the supporting table is fixed on an excitation plate and provided with an adjusting groove, the first aluminum round bar and the second aluminum round bar are axially slidably positioned together, the sixth aluminum round bar is fixed with the first aluminum round bar and is rotatably positioned on the supporting table, the seventh aluminum round bar is fixed with the second aluminum round bar, the second adjusting screw (2-10) penetrates through the adjusting groove and is connected with the seventh aluminum round bar, and the fourth annular permanent magnet (2-3) is arranged at the front end of the first aluminum round bar;
the first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is repelled with the third annular permanent magnet, and the third annular permanent magnet is repelled with the fourth annular permanent magnet.
2. A permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator is characterized in that: comprising a mass-spring-damping module (1) providing a linear force and a nonlinear module providing a nonlinear force; the mass-spring-damping module (1) comprises a load plate (1-1) and an excitation plate (1-3) which are arranged up and down, wherein a vertical vibration structure (1-4) fixed at the center of the load plate and three sets of displacement structures (1-2) which are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are connected with the load plate and the excitation plate are respectively arranged between the load plate and the excitation plate; the nonlinear modules are provided with three sets and are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and fixed on the excitation plate;
the vertical vibration structure comprises an upper fixed part fixed with the load plate, a lower movable part arranged below the upper fixed part and a first adjusting screw (1-4-7) connected between the upper fixed part and the lower movable part; the upper fixing part is internally provided with a first annular permanent magnet (1-4-3) and a second annular permanent magnet (1-4-5) which are arranged up and down; a third annular permanent magnet (1-4-9) is arranged in the lower movable part;
the displacement structure comprises a sleeve, an optical axis (1-2-4) and a linear spring (1-2-5);
the nonlinear module comprises a supporting table, a stepped aluminum bar (3-1), a third adjusting screw (3-10), a fifth annular permanent magnet (3-2), a sixth annular permanent magnet (3-4) and an adjusting structure, wherein the supporting table is fixed on an excitation plate and provided with an adjusting groove, the stepped aluminum bar is fixed with a tenth aluminum ring (3-8), the third adjusting screw passes through the adjusting groove and is connected with the tenth aluminum ring, the fifth annular permanent magnet (3-2) is slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum bar, the sixth annular permanent magnet (3-4) is slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum bar and is arranged between the fifth annular permanent magnet and the tenth aluminum ring, and the adjusting structure is used for adjusting the axial position of the sixth annular permanent magnet;
the first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is attracted with the third annular permanent magnet, the third annular permanent magnet is repelled with the fifth annular permanent magnet, and the fifth annular permanent magnet is repelled with the sixth annular permanent magnet;
the adjusting structure comprises an eighth aluminum ring (3-3) and a ninth aluminum ring (3-6) which are sleeved on the stepped aluminum bar and positioned at two ends of the sixth annular permanent magnet, a plurality of fourth adjusting screws (3-5) vertically penetrate through the eighth aluminum ring and the ninth aluminum ring and then are in threaded engagement with the tenth aluminum ring, adjusting nuts (3-7) are further arranged on the fourth adjusting screws, and the sixth annular permanent magnet, the eighth aluminum ring and the ninth aluminum ring are fastened into a whole through the matching of the adjusting nuts and the fourth adjusting screws.
3. A permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator is characterized in that: comprising a mass-spring-damping module (1) providing a linear force and a nonlinear module providing a nonlinear force; the mass-spring-damping module (1) comprises a load plate (1-1) and an excitation plate (1-3) which are arranged up and down, wherein a vertical vibration structure (1-4) fixed at the center of the load plate and three sets of displacement structures (1-2) which are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and are connected with the load plate and the excitation plate are respectively arranged between the load plate and the excitation plate; the nonlinear modules are provided with three sets and are uniformly distributed around the vertical vibration structure and fixed on the excitation plate;
the vertical vibration structure comprises an upper fixed part fixed with the load plate, a lower movable part arranged below the upper fixed part and a first adjusting screw (1-4-7) connected between the upper fixed part and the lower movable part; the upper fixing part is internally provided with a first annular permanent magnet (1-4-3) and a second annular permanent magnet (1-4-5) which are arranged up and down; a third annular permanent magnet (1-4-9) is arranged in the lower movable part;
the displacement structure comprises a sleeve, an optical axis (1-2-4) and a linear spring (1-2-5);
the nonlinear module comprises a supporting table fixed on the excitation plate and provided with an adjusting groove, a stepped aluminum bar (3-1) fixed with a tenth aluminum ring (3-8), a third adjusting screw (3-10) penetrating through the adjusting groove and connected with the tenth aluminum ring, a fifth annular permanent magnet (3-2) slidably positioned on the stepped aluminum bar, and a second linear spring (4-1) sleeved on the stepped aluminum bar and connected with the tenth aluminum ring and the fifth annular permanent magnet at two ends;
the first annular permanent magnet is attracted with the second annular permanent magnet, the second annular permanent magnet is attracted with the third annular permanent magnet, and the third annular permanent magnet and the fifth annular permanent magnet repel each other.
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