CN108111057B - Multifunctional three-direction piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer - Google Patents
Multifunctional three-direction piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108111057B CN108111057B CN201711476419.4A CN201711476419A CN108111057B CN 108111057 B CN108111057 B CN 108111057B CN 201711476419 A CN201711476419 A CN 201711476419A CN 108111057 B CN108111057 B CN 108111057B
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/04—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving coil systems and stationary magnets
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of transducers. The purpose is to provide a multi-functional, high efficiency three-way piezoelectricity-electromagnetic coupling formula transducer, realizes X, Y and Z three-way simultaneous damping, improves damping efficiency. The technical proposal is as follows: a multifunctional three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer, characterized in that: comprises a regular triangle lower bottom plate, an axial working device and a radial working device; the axial working device comprises three axial spring vibrating devices, a magnet coil mechanism which is vibrated radially to work, and a regular triangle upper base plate which is connected with the axial spring vibrating devices and the magnet coil mechanism; the radial working devices comprise a second shaft fixed on the axial spring vibration device, a first fixing sleeve for guiding the second shaft to axially slide, a piezoelectric stack, a rod connected with the piezoelectric stack and transmitting force, a third shaft connected with the sector magnet, a second fixing sleeve for guiding the third shaft to axially slide, and the sector magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transducers, in particular to a multifunctional three-direction piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer.
Background
In the fields of various high, fine and sharp technologies such as aerospace, ship engineering and the like, the structure has higher and higher requirements on the vibration environment, vibration is restrained in a vibration reduction period with high precision and high performance, and higher requirements are also put on vibration reduction components. The force between the permanent magnet pairs is a nonlinear force, the equivalent nonlinear springs with different performance requirements can be realized through the mutual configuration design among the magnets, and the nonlinear soft springs can be used for improving the vibration isolation bandwidth based on the vibration theory. At present, for unidirectional linear vibration, the existing vibration damping components can only reduce vibration in one direction, and the vibration damping efficiency is low. In addition, if vibration in another direction is to be controlled, a vibration damping device needs to be added in the corresponding direction, which greatly reduces space utilization and vibration damping efficiency. In addition, a large amount of multidirectional random vibration exists in engineering, and the unidirectional vibration control device cannot meet the working requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide a multifunctional and high-efficiency three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer, which can realize the following steps: the single-axis linear vibration can be converted into plane vibration, so that X, Y and Z directions can be simultaneously damped, and the damping efficiency is improved; if the radial non-contact magnet is an attractive heteropole, the vibration isolation bandwidth is improved; if the control circuit is connected to the piezoelectric stack, micro-vibration control can be realized; if the piezoelectric stack is used as an active control element, accurate regulation and control of electromagnetic supporting force are realized.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer, characterized in that: comprises a regular triangle lower bottom plate, an axial working device and a radial working device; the axial working device comprises three axial spring vibrating devices, a magnet coil mechanism which is vibrated radially to work, and a regular triangle upper base plate which is connected with the axial spring vibrating devices and the magnet coil mechanism; the radial working devices are three sets in total, each set of radial working devices is distributed on an angular bisector of the regular triangle lower bottom plate, and each set of radial working devices comprises a second shaft fixed on the axial spring vibration device, a first fixing sleeve for guiding the second shaft to axially slide, a rod for connecting the piezoelectric stack and transmitting force, the piezoelectric stack with a resistance element in a loop, a third shaft connected with the sector magnet, a second fixing sleeve for guiding the third shaft to axially slide, and the sector magnet.
The axial spring vibration device comprises an outer sleeve vertically fixed on the regular triangle lower bottom plate, an inner sleeve vertically suspended and fixed at the bottom of the regular triangle upper bottom plate and capable of axially sliding along the outer sleeve, and a spring sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve and axially stretching along the inner sleeve; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the regular triangle upper bottom plate and the bottom of the inner hole of the outer sleeve.
The three axial spring vibration devices of the axial working device are arranged on three corners of the regular triangle lower bottom plate.
The magnet coil mechanism comprises a first shaft, a first annular magnet, a second annular magnet, a coil, an annular fixing device, a third annular magnet and an annular winding pipe, wherein one end of the first shaft is fixed to the annular fixing device, the other end of the first shaft is suspended in the air, the first annular magnet is installed and fixed on the upper portion of the first shaft, the second annular magnet is installed at the bottom end of the first shaft, the coil is wound on the annular winding pipe and provided with a resistance element in a loop, the annular fixing device is fixed on the middle portion of a regular triangle lower base plate, the third annular magnet is fixed on the annular magnet fixing device, and the annular winding pipe is fixed on the regular triangle upper base plate; the first shaft passes through the third annular magnet and the annular fixing device from top to bottom, the first annular magnet is positioned in an inner hole of the third annular magnet, and the second annular magnet is positioned below the third annular magnet.
The outer diameter of the first annular magnet is smaller than the inner diameter of the third annular magnet; the magnetism of the outer ring of the first annular magnet is opposite to that of the inner ring of the third annular magnet; the first ring magnet and the third ring magnet are each maintained at a distance from the regular triangle upper base plate that is greater than the amplitude of the radial vibration.
The second ring magnet and the sector magnet are not on the same horizontal line; the magnetism of the outer ring of the second annular magnet is the same as that of the inner ring of the sector magnet.
The inner diameter of the annular winding pipe is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular magnet, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the third annular magnet.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: one part of energy generated by the axial vibration is converted into current in the coil, and the other part of energy is converted into current in the piezoelectric stack circuit, so that radial vibration is reduced; one part of energy generated by radial vibration is converted into current in a coil, and the other part of energy is converted into current in a piezoelectric pile circuit, so that axial vibration is reduced; the radial non-contact magnet generates non-linear supporting force, so that the service life of the device is prolonged; if the radial non-contact magnet is an attractive heteropole, the vibration isolation bandwidth is improved; if the control circuit is connected to the piezoelectric stack, micro-vibration control is realized; if the piezoelectric stack is used as an active control element, the distance between the radial magnet pairs can be controlled, and accurate regulation and control of electromagnetic supporting force are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the invention with the regular triangle upper base plate removed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a multifunctional, high-function three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic transducer comprises a regular triangle lower base plate 1 for a fixing device, an axial working device 2 and a radial working device 3; the axial working device is positioned at three corners in the regular triangle lower bottom plate through the axial spring vibration device 2-1; the radial working device is arranged on the regular triangle lower base plate through the annular fixing device 2-3-6.
As shown in fig. 2, the axial working device comprises an axial spring vibration device 2-1, a magnet coil mechanism 2-3 which is operated by axial vibration, and a regular triangle upper base plate 2-2 which connects the axial spring vibration device and the magnet coil mechanism; one end of the axial spring vibrating device is fixed on the regular triangle lower bottom plate, and the other end is fixed on the regular triangle upper bottom plate; the axial spring vibrating devices are three sets in total, and each set of the axial spring vibrating devices is respectively distributed on three corners of the regular triangle upper base plate.
As shown in FIG. 3, the spring radial vibration device comprises an outer sleeve 2-1-1 fixed on a regular triangle lower base plate, an inner sleeve 2-1-2 fixed on a regular triangle upper base plate and capable of axially sliding along the outer sleeve, and a spring 2-1-3 sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve and axially stretching along the inner sleeve, wherein two ends of the spring 2-1-3 are respectively connected to the regular triangle upper base plate and the outer sleeve.
As shown in fig. 3, the magnet coil mechanism includes a first shaft 2-3-1 having one end fixed to a ring-shaped magnet fixing means 2-3-6 and the other end suspended, a first ring-shaped magnet 2-3-2 and a second ring-shaped magnet 2-3-3 mounted and fixed on the first shaft, a coil 2-3-4 wound clockwise (or counterclockwise) around a ring-shaped winding tube 2-3-7 and having a resistance element in a loop, a ring-shaped magnet fixing means 2-3-6 fixed on a right triangle lower base plate, a third ring-shaped magnet 2-3-5 fixed on the ring-shaped magnet fixing means 2-3-6, and a ring-shaped winding tube 2-3-7 fixed on a right triangle upper base plate. The outer diameter of the first ring magnet is smaller than the inner diameter of the third ring magnet; the magnetism of the outer ring of the first annular magnet is opposite to that of the inner ring of the third annular magnet; the first annular magnet and the third annular magnet are respectively required to be kept at a distance from the regular triangle upper bottom plate, and the distance is larger than the amplitude of radial vibration; the inner diameter of the annular winding pipe is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular magnet, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the third annular magnet.
As shown in fig. 3, the radial working device comprises a second shaft 3-1 fixed on an outer sleeve, a first fixed sleeve 3-2 for axially sliding the second shaft, a rod 3-3 connected with a piezoelectric stack and transmitting force, a piezoelectric stack 3-4 with a resistance element in a loop, a third shaft 3-5 connected with a sector magnet, a second fixed sleeve 3-6 for axially sliding the third shaft, and a sector magnet 3-7; the radial working devices are three sets in total, and each set of radial working devices is distributed on the angular bisector of the regular triangle; the second ring magnet and the sector magnet are not on the same horizontal line; the magnetism of the outer ring of the second annular magnet is the same as that of the inner ring of the sector magnet.
The materials of the parts except the first, the second and the third ring magnets are all nonferromagnetic materials,
the working steps of the invention for reducing axial vibration are as follows:
1) The axial vibration (namely, the axial direction of the third annular magnet) enables the coil wound and fixed on the annular winding pipe 2-3-7 to vibrate up and down by 2-3-4, so that the magnetic induction wires generated by the first annular magnet 2-3-2 and the third annular magnet 2-3-5 are cut, current is generated in the coil 2-3-4, and the current is consumed by a resistor element in a circuit;
2) The distance between the second ring magnet 2-3-3 fixed on the first shaft and the sector magnet 3-7 changes, magnetic force is transmitted to the piezoelectric stack 3-5 through the third shaft 3-5, the piezoelectric stack is stressed to deform and generate current, the current is consumed by a resistance element in the circuit, and the energy of axial vibration is consumed.
The working steps of the invention for reducing radial vibration are as follows:
1) Radial vibration (i.e., radial direction of the third ring magnet) deforms the piezoelectric stack 3-5 under force and generates current, which is consumed by the resistive element in the circuit; the distance between the second ring magnet 2-3-3 fixed on the first shaft 2-3-1 and the sector magnet 3-7 changes, and the magnetic force changes;
2) The change of magnetic force causes the first shaft to vibrate axially, the coil wound on the annular winding tube 2-3-7 vibrates up and down by 2-3-4, and then the magnetic induction lines generated by the first annular magnet 2-3-2 and the third annular magnet 2-3-5 are cut, current is generated in the coil 2-3-4, the current is consumed by a resistance element in the circuit, and the energy of radial vibration is consumed.
The working steps for realizing the control of the nonlinear rigidity in the invention are as follows:
the control circuit is added into the piezoelectric stack circuit 3-4, and the extension of the piezoelectric stack is controlled by adjusting the direct current and the voltage in the control circuit, and the distance between the fan-shaped magnet 3-7 and the second magnet 2-3-3 is controlled, so that the nonlinear rigidity is controlled (in the prior art).
Claims (3)
1. A multifunctional three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer, characterized in that: comprises a regular triangle lower bottom plate (1), an axial working device (2) and a radial working device (3);
the axial working device comprises three axial spring vibrating devices (2-1), a magnet coil mechanism (2-3) which is vibrated radially to work, and a regular triangle upper base plate (2-2) which is connected with the axial spring vibrating devices and the magnet coil mechanism;
the radial working devices are three sets in total, each set of radial working devices is distributed on an angular bisector of the regular triangle lower bottom plate (1), each set of radial working devices comprises a second shaft (3-1) fixed on the axial spring vibration device, a first fixed sleeve (3-2) for guiding the second shaft to axially slide, a rod (3-3) connected with a piezoelectric stack and transmitting force, a piezoelectric stack (3-4) with a resistance element in a loop, a third shaft (3-5) connected with a sector magnet, a second fixed sleeve (3-6) for guiding the third shaft to axially slide, and a sector magnet (3-7);
the axial spring vibration device (2-1) comprises an outer sleeve (2-1-1) vertically fixed on a regular triangle lower bottom plate, an inner sleeve (2-1-2) which is vertically suspended and fixed at the bottom of the regular triangle upper bottom plate and can axially slide along the outer sleeve, and a spring (2-1-3) sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve and axially stretches along the inner sleeve; two ends of the spring (2-1-3) are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the regular triangle upper bottom plate and the bottom of the inner hole of the outer sleeve;
three axial spring vibration devices (2-1) of the axial working device are arranged on three corners of the regular triangle lower bottom plate;
the magnet coil mechanism comprises a first shaft (2-3-1) with one end fixed on a ring-shaped magnet fixing device (2-3-6) and the other end suspended, a first ring-shaped magnet (2-3-2) arranged and fixed on the upper part of the first shaft, a second ring-shaped magnet (2-3-3) arranged at the bottom end of the first shaft, a coil (2-3-4) wound and fixed on a ring-shaped winding pipe (2-3-7) and provided with a resistance element in a loop, the ring-shaped magnet fixing device (2-3-6) fixed on the middle part of a regular triangle lower bottom plate, a third ring-shaped magnet (2-3-5) fixed on the ring-shaped magnet fixing device (2-3-6) and the ring-shaped winding pipe (2-3-7) fixed on the regular triangle upper bottom plate; the first shaft passes through the third annular magnet (2-3-5) and the annular magnet fixing device (2-3-6) from top to bottom, the first annular magnet (2-3-2) is positioned in an inner hole of the third annular magnet (2-3-5), and the second annular magnet (2-3-3) is positioned below the third annular magnet (2-3-5);
the outer diameter of the first annular magnet is smaller than the inner diameter of the third annular magnet; the magnetism of the outer ring of the first annular magnet is opposite to that of the inner ring of the third annular magnet; the first ring magnet and the third ring magnet are each maintained at a distance from the regular triangle upper base plate that is greater than the amplitude of the radial vibration.
2. A multifunctional three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second ring magnet and the sector magnet are not on the same horizontal line; the magnetism of the outer ring of the second annular magnet is the same as that of the inner ring of the sector magnet.
3. A multifunctional three-way piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the annular winding pipe (2-3-7) is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular magnet (2-3-2), and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the third annular magnet (2-3-5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711476419.4A CN108111057B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Multifunctional three-direction piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer |
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| CN201711476419.4A CN108111057B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Multifunctional three-direction piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling transducer |
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| CN108111057B true CN108111057B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108953448B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江理工大学 | Permanent magnet bistable vibration isolator |
| CN110513422B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-12-25 | 浙江理工大学 | Novel lever type nonlinear eddy current damper |
| CN111697878B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-05-25 | 上海大学 | Low-frequency collision mode sole energy collector based on piezoelectric stack |
| CN112532109B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | 上海大学 | Low-frequency compression mode piezoelectric energy collector |
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| JP2002028252A (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-29 | Takashi Aoki | Gauge field (vector potential) generator |
| CN101383196A (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2009-03-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Modularized 6 freedom degree active vibration isolation platform |
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