CN108952569B - Drilling track control method for horizontal well of bottom water layer oil and gas reservoir - Google Patents
Drilling track control method for horizontal well of bottom water layer oil and gas reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 100
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling track control method for a horizontal well of a bottom water layer type oil and gas reservoir, and belongs to the field of oil and gas well drilling. The method comprises the following steps: determining the height angle of a target oil layer, putting a drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of a drill bit, judging that the drill bit drills in the target oil layer at a first preset angle according to the value range of a gamma curve detected by the gamma logging equipment when the drill bit drills into the target oil layer, and enabling the drilling length to be 1/3-2/3 of the length of a preset horizontal well section; controlling the drill bit to drill away from the target oil layer at a second preset angle, and controlling the distance from the drill bit to the top plate of the target oil layer to be a preset vertical distance when the drill bit is judged to drill away from the target oil layer according to the gamma curve; and controlling the drill bit to re-drill the target oil layer at the third preset angle, and controlling the drill bit to drill to the end point of the preset horizontal well section at the first preset angle. The method can accurately judge the position of the drill bit and is convenient for obtaining the well track at the top of the oil layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas well drilling, in particular to a drilling track control method for a horizontal well of a bottom water layer type oil and gas reservoir.
Background
The bottom water layer type oil-gas reservoir refers to an oil-gas layer positioned above a water layer, and the oil-gas layer is mostly a horizontal oil-gas layer. In order to efficiently exploit the bottom water layer reservoir, a horizontal well needs to be drilled to enable a wellbore trajectory to penetrate into the reservoir to exploit the bottom water layer reservoir. In addition, the well track is far away from an oil-water interface in the process of drilling the horizontal well, and water at the lower part of an oil-gas layer can be prevented from channeling upwards. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a drilling trajectory control method for horizontal wells of bottom water layer hydrocarbon reservoirs.
The prior art provides a method for controlling a horizontal well drilling track of a bottom water layer type oil-gas reservoir, which comprises the steps of firstly deducing the horizontal form and the position of a target oil layer according to relevant geological data and data acquired from a geological well in an oil field to be explored, then putting a drilling tool assembly and a comprehensive logging instrument arranged at the rear end of a drill bit, and controlling the drill bit to drill into the target oil layer. In the drilling process of the drill bit, the comprehensive logging instrument arranged at the rear end of the drill bit monitors the whole drilling process in real time, acquired logging data information such as formation lithology, oil, gas and water and the like is transmitted to the controller on the ground, and an operator can judge whether the drill bit drills into a rock stratum or an oil layer according to the data of the formation lithology, the oil, the gas and the water. And, according to the angle of inclination and prediction orbit measured, can judge whether the bit drills out the target zone.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the method provided by the prior art can only estimate the specific positions of the target oil layer and the drill bit according to the lagging logging data or data acquired by the comprehensive logging instrument, and cannot easily drill to obtain the well track positioned at the top of the target oil layer, so that the water channeling phenomenon cannot be effectively avoided in the later exploitation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a bottom water layer oil and gas reservoir horizontal well drilling track control method which can accurately judge the specific position of a drill bit and provide technical parameters for adjusting a well track so as to enable the well track to be positioned at the top of an oil layer. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a drilling track control method for a horizontal well of a bottom water layer hydrocarbon reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
step 101, after determining the elevation angle of a target oil layer, putting a drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of a drill bit, and judging whether the drill bit drills into the target oil layer or not according to the value range of a gamma curve detected by the gamma logging equipment.
And 102, when the drill bit drills into the target oil reservoir, controlling the drill bit to drill in the target oil reservoir at a first preset angle, and enabling the drill length to be 1/3-2/3 of the length of a preset horizontal well section.
And 103, controlling the drill bit to drill away from the target oil layer at a second preset angle, and controlling the distance from the drill bit to the top plate of the target oil layer to be a preset vertical distance when the drill bit is judged to drill away from the target oil layer according to the value range of the gamma curve.
And 104, controlling the drill bit to re-drill into the target oil layer at a third preset angle, and controlling the drill bit to drill into the terminal point of the preset horizontal well section at the first preset angle after judging that the drill bit re-enters the target oil layer according to the value range of the gamma curve.
Specifically, preferably, the gamma curve includes an upper gamma curve and a lower gamma curve.
Specifically, it is preferable that when the range of the upper gamma curve is in a high range and the range of the lower gamma curve is in a low range, it is determined that the drill bit is close to the ceiling of the target reservoir.
Concluding that the drill bit is in the target reservoir when the ranges of the upper and lower gamma curves are both in the low range.
Concluding that the drill bit has drilled away from the target reservoir when both the upper gamma curve and the lower gamma curve are in the high range of values.
Specifically, preferably, the low range is: 45API to 74 API; the high value range is: 75API to 200 API.
Specifically, preferably, when the elevation angle of the target oil layer is 0 °, the first predetermined angle is 90 °; the second predetermined angle is 91-92 degrees; the third predetermined angle is 88-89 °.
Specifically, preferably, when the elevation angle of the target oil layer is α °, the first predetermined angle is 90 ° - α °; the second preset angle is 91-alpha-92-alpha degrees; the third preset angle is 88-alpha-89-alpha degrees; the magnitude of said α ° is: 1 to 15 degrees.
Specifically, preferably, when the elevation angle of the target oil layer is- β °, the first predetermined angle is 90 ° + β °; the second predetermined angle is 91 ° + β ° + 92 ° + β °; the third preset angle is 88 degrees + beta degrees to 89 degrees + beta degrees; the size of the beta degrees is as follows: 1 to 15 degrees.
Specifically, the preset vertical distance is preferably 0.1-0.15 m.
Specifically, preferably, the predetermined sag is obtained by the following formula:
h＝s×sinγ°
wherein h is the predetermined vertical distance and the unit is m; s is the length of the drill bit to drill the target reservoir in m; and gamma is an included angle between the drilling track of the drill bit and the top plate of the target oil layer.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the change of the formation lithology or oil, gas and water can be judged through the gamma curve so as to accurately judge the specific position of the drill bit and provide technical parameters for adjusting the track of the well hole. The specific position of the drill bit is judged through the value range of the gamma curve, and the drill bit is made to drill at a preset angle, so that the well track can be effectively kept away from an oil-water interface, and the phenomenon of water channeling in the process of later-stage crude oil exploitation is avoided. By the method, the well track can be positioned at the top of the target oil layer, and the well track is far away from an oil-water interface on the premise of saving time and labor, so that the crude oil exploitation efficiency is improved conveniently.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a target reservoir having an elevation angle α provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a target reservoir having an elevation angle of- β provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a predetermined sag provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a borehole trajectory at a target reservoir elevation angle of 0 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a borehole trajectory at a target reservoir elevation angle α provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wellbore trajectory at a target reservoir elevation angle of- β according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals denote:
h the preset vertical distance is set according to the length of the vertical line,
the s-bit drills out the length of the target reservoir,
the gamma-bit drills an included angle between the track and the top plate of the target oil layer,
a1, A2, A3 drill bit first drill into the position of target oil layer,
the D1, D2 and D3 drill bits drill away from the position of the target oil layer,
the positions of the drill bits at the preset vertical distance between the C1, C2 and C3 drill bits and the top plate of the target oil layer,
b1, B2 and B3 are arranged at the end positions of the predetermined horizontal well sections,
o, a target oil layer is formed,
w aqueous layer.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
When the gamma rays meet radioactive substances in the rock stratum, photoelectric effect, Compton-Wu training effect and the effect of forming electrons and the like in different forms occur, so that the parameters of the rock stratum such as the mud content, the permeability and the like can be detected by utilizing the gamma rays. The data information detected by the gamma rays is drawn into a gamma curve, and various properties of the rock stratum can be evaluated according to the value range of the gamma curve.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a drilling track control method for a horizontal well of a bottom water layer type hydrocarbon reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
step 101, after determining the elevation angle of the target oil layer, putting a drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of a drill bit, and judging whether the drill bit drills into the target oil layer or not according to the value range of a gamma curve detected by the gamma logging equipment.
And 102, when the drill bit drills into the target oil layer, controlling the drill bit to drill in the target oil layer at a first preset angle, and enabling the drilling length to be 1/3-2/3 of the length of a preset horizontal well section.
And 103, controlling the drill bit to drill away from the target oil layer at a second preset angle, and controlling the distance from the drill bit to the top plate of the target oil layer to be a preset vertical distance when the drill bit is judged to drill away from the target oil layer according to the value range of the gamma curve.
And 104, controlling the drill bit to re-drill into the target oil layer at a third preset angle, and controlling the drill bit to drill to the end point of the preset horizontal well section at the first preset angle after judging that the drill bit re-enters the target oil layer according to the value range of the gamma curve.
It should be noted that the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may also be used in combination with other devices, such as a device for controlling the drilling angle, the drilling distance, the drilling speed, and the like of the drill bit.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the change of the formation lithology or oil, gas and water can be judged through the gamma curve so as to accurately judge the specific position of the drill bit and provide technical parameters for adjusting the track of the well hole. The specific position of the drill bit is judged through the value range of the gamma curve, and the drill bit is made to drill at a preset angle, so that the well track can be effectively kept away from an oil-water interface, and the phenomenon of water channeling in the process of later-stage crude oil exploitation is avoided. By the method, the well track can be positioned at the top of the target oil layer, and the well track is far away from an oil-water interface on the premise of saving time and labor, so that the crude oil exploitation efficiency is improved conveniently.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, drilling tool assemblies include drill strings, drill bits, and the like. Gamma logging equipment is disposed at the back end of the drill bit.
Gamma logging devices are also well known in the art, and are provided by Schlumberger, usa, and can simultaneously measure an upper gamma curve and a lower gamma curve. The device is arranged at the rear end of the drill bit (the end of the drilling direction of the drill bit is the front end). In the drilling process of the drill bit, the gamma logging equipment detects radioactive elements in the rock stratum in real time and transmits corresponding data information to the ground controller, and the more rock mud content is, the stronger the radioactivity is, and the higher the value range of a gamma curve is. Therefore, the relation between the position of the drill bit and the oil reservoir can be judged according to the value range of the gamma curve.
In step 102, the drilling length of the drill bit in the target oil reservoir is controlled to be 1/3-2/3 of the length of the preset horizontal well segment, such as 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and the like. The drilling length of the drill bit in the target oil layer is set, the drill bit is made to drill away from the target oil layer, and the whole borehole path drilled by the drill bit is conveniently controlled to be located at the top of the target oil layer.
In step 103, the predetermined sag is the distance between the drill bit and the top plate of the target reservoir after the drill bit drills away from the target reservoir. After the distance between the drill bit and the top plate of the target reservoir is a predetermined standoff, step 104 is performed.
Specifically, the gamma curves detected by the gamma logging device include an upper gamma curve and a lower gamma curve.
The upper gamma curve is a gamma curve obtained by gamma logging equipment detecting a rock formation above the drill bit. The lower gamma curve is a gamma curve obtained by gamma logging equipment detecting rock formations below the drill bit.
By analyzing the magnitude of the ranges of the upper and lower gamma curves, the specific position of the drill bit can be accurately determined.
Several specific examples of determining the location of the drill bit based on the ranges of the upper and lower gamma curves are given below:
when the value range of the upper gamma curve is in a high value range and the value range of the lower gamma curve is in a low value range, the drill bit is judged to be close to the top plate of the target oil layer. At this time, the drill bit may be controlled to drill into or out of the target reservoir at a predetermined angle.
When the ranges of the upper and lower gamma curves are in the low range, it is determined that the drill bit is in the target reservoir. At this time, the drill bit may be controlled to drill in the target reservoir at a predetermined angle.
When both the upper gamma curve and the lower gamma curve are in the high range, it is concluded that the drill bit has drilled away from the target reservoir. At this point, the drill bit may be re-controlled to drill the target reservoir at the predetermined angle.
By the judging method, the position of the drill bit is judged in real time to control the drilling track of the drill bit, and further the optimal borehole track at the top of the target oil layer is drilled.
It should be noted that the American Petroleum Institute (abbreviated as API) specifies the universal radioactive count rate unit of the world as "API". The unit is that the difference of the radioactivity value of the high-radioactivity stratum and the low-radioactivity stratum in the standard calibration well is divided into 200API units on average, and the API units are used as the standard units.
The low range of the upper and lower gamma curves is: 45API to 74API, for example, 45API, 48API, 51API, 54API, 57API, 60API, 63API, 66API, 69API, 73API, 74API and the like; the high range is: examples of the 75API to 200API include 75API, 85API, 95API, 105API, 115API, 125API, 135API, 145API, 155API, 165API, 175API, 185API, 195API, and 200 API.
When the value ranges of the upper gamma curve and the lower gamma curve are in the low value range, the position detected by the gamma logging equipment is a target oil layer. When the value ranges of the upper gamma curve and the lower gamma curve are in the high value range, the position detected by the gamma logging equipment is the mud rock stratum. The specific position of the drill bit can be simply and conveniently judged through the high value range and the low value range of the upper gamma curve and the lower gamma curve.
In the embodiment of the invention, the 'height angle' is defined as the height angle by taking the rear end of the top plate of the target oil layer as a starting point as a horizontal reference surface and taking an included angle between the plane where the top plate of the target oil layer is located and the horizontal reference surface. The oil layer of interest can be judged by elevation angle to be tilted downward (in α °, see fig. 1), tilted upward (in- β °, see fig. 2), or horizontal (with an elevation angle of 0 °).
Note that "-" in "-" means that the direction of the angle is opposite to the angular direction of α °, which is located below the horizontal reference plane.
The elevation angle of the target reservoir to be explored may be determined by seismic profile geological interpretation of geological wells in the field.
The drilling trajectories for the target reservoir having different elevation angles have different angles of inclination so that the drilling trajectories are located at the top of the target reservoir. The inclination angle refers to the included angle between the central axis of a certain point in the oil-water well and the earth plumb line, the range of the included angle is 0-180 degrees, and the inclination angle is used for indicating the inclination of a well track. The drilling angle of the drill bit, such as the first predetermined angle, the second predetermined angle, and the third predetermined angle, may be understood as the angle of inclination.
The predetermined angles at which the drill bit drills when drilling a target reservoir having different elevation angles will be given below.
When the height angle of the target oil layer is 0 degrees, namely the target oil layer is in a horizontal state, the first preset angle is 90 degrees; the second predetermined angle is 91 ° to 92 °, and may be, for example, 91 °, 91.2 °, 91.4 °, 91.6 °, 91.8 °, 92 °, or the like; the third predetermined angle is 88 ° to 89 °, and may be, for example, 88 °, 88.2 °, 88.4 °, 88.6 °, 88.8 °, 89 °, or the like.
The preset angles of the drill bit drilling at different positions are set, so that the drilled well track is conveniently positioned at the top of the target oil layer in a horizontal state, and the well track is effectively far away from an oil-water interface.
When the height angle of the target oil layer is alpha degrees, the first preset angle is 90-alpha degrees; the second predetermined angle is 91 ° - α to 92 ° - α °, and may be, for example, 91 ° - α °, 91.2 ° - α °, 91.4 ° - α °, 91.6 ° - α °, 91.8 ° - α °, 92 ° - α °, or the like; the third predetermined angle is 88 ° - α to 89 ° - α °, for example 88 ° - α °, 88.2 ° - α °, 88.4 ° - α °, 88.6 ° - α °, 88.8 ° - α °, 89 ° - α °; wherein the size of alpha degrees is as follows: 1 to 15 °, for example, may be 1 °, 1.5 °, 2 °, 2.5 °, 3 °, 3.5 °, 4 °, 4.5 °, 5 °, 5.5 °, 6 °, 6.5 °, 7 °, 7.5 °, 8 °, 8.5 °, 9 °, 9.5 °, 10 °, 10.5 °, 11 °, 11.5 °, 12 °, 12.5 °, 13 °, 13.5 °, 14 °, 14.5 °, 15 °, or the like.
The preset angles of the drill bit drilling at different positions are set, so that the well track is conveniently positioned at the top of the target oil layer in a state of inclining downwards by alpha degrees along the forward direction, and the well track is effectively far away from an oil-water interface.
When the elevation angle of the target oil layer is-beta degrees, the first preset angle is 90 degrees + beta degrees; the second predetermined angle is 91 ° + β ° + 92 ° + β °, and may be, for example, 91 ° + β °, 91.2 ° + β °, 91.4 ° + β °, 91.6 ° + β °, 91.8 ° + β °, 92 ° + β °, or the like; the third predetermined angle is 88 ° + β ° + 89 ° + β °, and may be, for example, 88 ° + β °, 88.2 ° + β °, 88.4 ° + β °, 88.6 ° + β °, 88.8 ° + β °, 89 ° + β °, or the like; wherein the size of β ° is: 1 to 15 °, for example, may be 1 °, 1.5 °, 2 °, 2.5 °, 3 °, 3.5 °, 4 °, 4.5 °, 5 °, 5.5 °, 6 °, 6.5 °, 7 °, 7.5 °, 8 °, 8.5 °, 9 °, 9.5 °, 10 °, 10.5 °, 11 °, 11.5 °, 12 °, 12.5 °, 13 °, 13.5 °, 14 °, 14.5 °, 15 °, or the like.
The preset angles of the drill bit drilling at different positions are set, so that the well track is conveniently positioned at the top of the target oil layer in a state of inclining downwards by beta degrees along the reverse direction, and the well track is effectively far away from an oil-water interface.
In the embodiment of the invention, the drill bit is prevented from drilling an oil-water interface by controlling the drill bit to drill away from the top plate of the target oil layer by the preset vertical distance, so that a well track positioned at the top of the target oil layer can be conveniently drilled.
Specifically, the predetermined vertical distance is 0.1 to 0.15m, and may be, for example, 0.1m, 0.11m, 0.12m, 0.13m, 0.14m, 0.15m, or the like. The preset vertical distance is set in this way, and the well track is positioned at the top of the target oil layer on the premise of saving power.
The predetermined sag is obtained by the following formula:
h＝s×sinγ°
wherein, referring to FIG. 3, h is the predetermined vertical distance in m; s is the length of a target oil layer drilled by the drill bit, and the unit is m; and gamma is an included angle between a drilling track of the drill bit and the layer top plate of the target oil.
And controlling the length of the drill bit for drilling the target oil layer according to the preset vertical distance and the included angle between the drill bit drilling track and the top plate of the target oil layer, so that the distance between the drill bit and the top plate of the target oil layer is the preset vertical distance.
In addition, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: during the drilling process of the drill bit in the target oil reservoir, when the drill bit drills into a preset length (for example, 500m), whether the drill bit drills away from the target oil reservoir is judged through the value range of the gamma curve, so that the drilling track of the drill bit can be adjusted in time.
The present invention will be further described below by way of specific examples.
In the following examples, those whose operations are not subject to the conditions indicated, are carried out according to the conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The raw materials are conventional products which can be obtained commercially by manufacturers and specifications.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a drilling trajectory control method for a target oil layer with a height angle of 0 degrees, which comprises the following steps:
and when the height angle of the target oil layer is inferred to be 0 degree through the geological interpretation of the seismic section of the target oil layer, a drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of the drill bit are put into the drill bit, the drill bit is controlled to drill into the rock layer, and when the value range of an upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API and the value range of a lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to be close to the target oil layer. Further, when the upper gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill into the target oil layer, and the drill bit is controlled to drill in the target oil layer at 90 degrees. Where point a1 in fig. 4 is where the drill bit first drilled into the target reservoir, O represents the target reservoir and W represents the water layer below the target reservoir.
The drill bit was controlled to drill 1/2 for a predetermined horizontal well section length and then was controlled to drill 91 from the target reservoir.
When the upper gamma curve has a value range of 75 API-200 API and the lower gamma curve has a value range of 45 API-74 API, it can be determined that the drill bit is about to drill a target oil reservoir. When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill out the target oil layer. Wherein the drill bit is drilled away from the target reservoir at position D1.
The drill bit was controlled to drill 0.1m off the top plate of the target reservoir even though the drill bit drilled to point C1. The drill bit is then controlled to re-drill into the target reservoir at 88 deg.. When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to be drilled into the target oil layer again, and the drill bit is controlled to drill to the end point B1 of the preset horizontal well section at an angle of 90 degrees. Finally, the wellbore trajectory A1 → D1 → C1 → B1 as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a drilling trajectory control method for a target oil layer with a height angle of 2 degrees, which comprises the following steps:
and when the height angle of the target oil layer is deduced to be 2 degrees through the geological interpretation of the seismic section of the target oil layer, putting the drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of the drill bit, controlling the drill bit to drill into the rock layer, and judging that the drill bit is close to the target oil layer when the value range of the upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API. Further, when the upper gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill into the target oil layer, and the drill bit is controlled to drill in the target oil layer at 88 degrees. Where point a2 in fig. 5 is where the drill bit first drilled into the target reservoir, O represents the target reservoir and W represents the water layer below the target reservoir.
The drill bit was controlled to drill a length of 1/2 degrees, which was the predetermined horizontal well section length, and then was controlled to drill 89 degrees off the target reservoir.
When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill out the target oil layer. When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill out the target oil layer. Wherein the drill bit is drilled away from the target reservoir at position D2.
The drill bit was controlled to drill 0.12m off the top plate of the target reservoir even though the drill bit drilled to point C2. The drill bit was then controlled to re-drill at 86 deg. into the target reservoir. When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to be drilled into the target oil layer again, and the drill bit is controlled to drill to the end point B2 of the preset horizontal well section at an angle of 88 degrees. Finally, the wellbore trajectory A2 → D2 → C2 → B2 as shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a drilling trajectory control method for a target oil layer with a height angle of-2 degrees, which comprises the following steps:
after the altitude angle of the target oil layer is deduced to be-2 degrees through the geological interpretation of the seismic section of the target oil layer, a drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of a drill bit are put into the drilling tool assembly, the drill bit is controlled to drill into the rock layer, and when the value range of an upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API and the value range of a lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to be close to the target oil layer. Further, when the upper gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill into the target oil layer, and the drill bit is controlled to drill in the target oil layer at 92 degrees. Where point a3 in fig. 6 is where the drill bit first drilled into the target reservoir, O represents the target reservoir and W represents the water layer below the target reservoir.
The drill bit was controlled to drill a length of 1/2 degrees, which is the predetermined horizontal well section length, and then was controlled to drill 93 degrees off the target reservoir.
When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill out the target oil layer. When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 75 API-200 API, the drill bit can be judged to drill out the target oil layer. Wherein the drill bit is drilled away from the target reservoir at position D3.
The drill bit was controlled to drill 0.14m off the top plate of the target reservoir even though the drill bit drilled to point C3. The drill bit is then controlled to re-drill at 90 deg. into the target reservoir. When the value range of the upper gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, and the value range of the lower gamma curve is 45 API-74 API, the drill bit can be judged to be drilled into the target oil layer again, and the drill bit is controlled to drill to the end point B3 of the preset horizontal well section at the angle of 92 degrees. Finally, the wellbore trajectory A3 → D3 → C3 → B3 as shown in FIG. 6 is obtained.
As can be seen from the attached drawings 1-3, the well tracks drilled in the embodiments 1-3 are all positioned at the top of a target oil layer, and can be far away from an oil-water interface, so that the water channeling phenomenon is avoided. Therefore, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately control the drilling track of the drill bit so as to obtain the optimal borehole track.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A drilling trajectory control method for a horizontal well of a bottom water layer hydrocarbon reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, after determining the elevation angle of a target oil layer, putting a drilling tool assembly and gamma logging equipment arranged at the rear end of a drill bit, and judging whether the drill bit drills into the target oil layer or not according to the value range of a gamma curve detected by the gamma logging equipment, wherein the gamma curve comprises an upper gamma curve and a lower gamma curve, and the gamma logging equipment detects data information of radioactive elements in a rock stratum in real time in the drilling process of the drill bit;
when the range of the upper gamma curve is in a high range and the range of the lower gamma curve is in a low range, determining that the drill bit is close to the top plate of the target reservoir;
concluding that the drill bit is in the target reservoir when the ranges of the upper and lower gamma curves are both in the low range;
concluding that the drill bit has drilled away from the target reservoir when both the upper gamma curve and the lower gamma curve are in the high range;
b, when the drill bit drills into the target oil layer, the drill bit is controlled to drill in the target oil layer at a first preset angle, and the drilling length is 1/3-2/3 of the length of a preset horizontal well section;
c, controlling the drill bit to drill away from the target oil layer at a second preset angle, and controlling the distance from the drill bit to a top plate of the target oil layer to be a preset vertical distance when the drill bit is judged to drill away from the target oil layer according to the value range of the gamma curve, wherein the preset vertical distance is 0.1-0.15 m;
and d, controlling the drill bit to re-drill into the target oil layer at a third preset angle, and controlling the drill bit to drill to the end point of the preset horizontal well section at the first preset angle after judging that the drill bit re-enters the target oil layer according to the value range of the gamma curve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the low range is: 45 API-74 API;
the high value range is: 75API ~200 API.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the elevation angle of the target reservoir is 0 °, the first predetermined angle is 90 °;
the second predetermined angle is 91-92 degrees;
the third predetermined angle is 88 DEG to 89 deg.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the elevation angle of the target reservoir is α °, the first predetermined angle is 90 ° - α °;
the second preset angle is 91-alpha-92-alpha degrees;
the third preset angle is 88-alpha-89-alpha degrees;
the magnitude of said α ° is: 1-15 degrees.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the elevation angle of the target reservoir is- β °, the first predetermined angle is 90 ° + β °;
the second predetermined angle is 91 degrees + beta degrees-92 degrees + beta degrees;
the third preset angle is 88 degrees + beta degrees to 89 degrees + beta degrees;
the size of the beta degrees is as follows: 1-15 degrees.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sag is obtained by the following formula:
h=s× sinγ°
wherein h is the predetermined vertical distance and the unit is m; s is the length of the drill bit to drill the target reservoir in m; and gamma is an included angle between the drilling track of the drill bit and the top plate of the target oil layer.
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| CN102140889A (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2011-08-03 | 邱世军 | Horizontal well logging while drilling geo-steering method |
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