CN109184560B - Method and device for controlling well track of stepped horizontal well - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling well track of stepped horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling a well track of a stepped horizontal well, and belongs to the field of oilfield exploitation. The method comprises the following steps: and acquiring the depth of a target oil layer, the change of the stratigraphic dip angle of the target oil layer, the fault break distance of a fault and the relative position of a broken disc according to seismic data, and sequentially and continuously adjusting the drilling direction of a drill bit from the development well position of the target oil layer to complete the drilling of the straight well section, the first horizontal section, the stepped well section and the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well. According to the invention, the depth of a target oil layer, the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of the broken discs on two sides of the fault can be obtained in advance according to seismic data, so that the drilling distance and the drilling direction can be directly adjusted according to the data obtained in advance in the drilling process, a drill bit can accurately enter the target oil layer and enter the second horizontal section of the target oil layer from the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and the control precision of the well track of the stepped horizontal well is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oilfield exploitation, in particular to a method and a device for controlling a well track of a stepped horizontal well.
Background
The fault root of a complex fault reservoir is often an enriched zone of residual oil, which is typically recovered by a stepped horizontal well.
In the related technology, in the process of drilling a stepped horizontal well in a complex fault block oil reservoir, the direction of a drill bit needs to be adjusted at a fault so as to ensure that the drill bit can enter an oil layer at the other side of the fault from the oil layer at one side of the fault as soon as possible. The drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted by workers according to logging-while-drilling data and self judgment, so that the stepped horizontal well is drilled, and the well track of the stepped horizontal well is controlled.
However, the adjustment direction of the drill bit is determined according to logging-while-drilling data and self judgment of workers, so that a large error is generated, the well track of the stepped horizontal well cannot be accurately controlled, and the drilling rate of an oil layer is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for controlling a well track of a stepped horizontal well, which can solve the problem of low well track control precision of the stepped horizontal well in the related art. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for controlling a wellbore trajectory of a stepped horizontal well is provided, the method comprising:
acquiring a development well position of a target oil layer, wherein the target oil layer is positioned in a fault;
acquiring the depth of the target oil layer according to seismic data;
drilling a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target oil layer and the development well position, so that a drill bit enters the target oil layer;
adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling to the fault surface of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain a first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well;
acquiring the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault according to the seismic data;
adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault, and drilling a stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault;
and adjusting the drilling direction according to the extending direction of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
Optionally, drilling in the first horizontal section of the target reservoir to the fault plane of the fault to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well, including:
acquiring a stratigraphic dip angle of a first horizontal section of the target oil layer according to seismic data;
drilling in a first horizontal section of the pay zone of interest, and during drilling, adjusting the drilling direction in accordance with changes in the dip angle of the formation in the first horizontal section of the pay zone of interest.
Optionally, the adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault, and drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault includes:
when the second broken disc ascends relative to the first broken disc, adjusting the drilling direction upwards and drilling a first distance in the fault, wherein the first distance is equal to the fault distance;
adjusting the drilling direction downward and drilling the first distance in the fault when the second broken disc descends relative to the first broken disc;
the first broken disc is a broken disc comprising a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and the second broken disc is a broken disc comprising a second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
Optionally, drilling in the first horizontal section of the target reservoir to the fault plane of the fault to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well, including:
determining a distance between the straight wellbore section and the fault plane as a first drilling distance;
and drilling the first drilling distance in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
Optionally, the adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative position of the broken discs on two sides of the fault comprises:
acquiring logging while drilling data;
and adjusting the drilling direction according to the relative positions of the broken disks on the two sides of the fault and the logging while drilling data.
Optionally, drilling a second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in a second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest, comprising:
acquiring a stratigraphic dip angle of a second horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the seismic data;
drilling in a second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest, and during drilling, adjusting the drilling direction in accordance with changes in the dip angle of the formation in the second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest.
In another aspect, there is provided a wellbore trajectory control device for a stepped horizontal well, the device comprising:
the system comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a third acquisition module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a development well position of a target oil layer, and the target oil layer is positioned in a fault;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the depth of the target oil layer according to the seismic data;
the first drilling module is used for drilling a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target oil layer and the development well position so that a drill bit enters the target oil layer;
the second drilling module is used for adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer and drilling to the fault surface of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well;
the third acquisition module is used for acquiring the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault according to the seismic data;
the third drilling module is used for adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault, and drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault;
a fourth drilling module for adjusting the drilling direction according to the extending direction of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
Optionally, the second drilling module comprises:
the first acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the stratigraphic dip angle of a first horizontal section of the target oil layer according to seismic data;
and the first drilling sub-module is used for drilling in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and in the drilling process, the drilling direction is adjusted according to the stratum inclination angle of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer acquired by the first acquisition sub-module.
Optionally, the third drilling module is to:
when the second broken disc ascends relative to the first broken disc, adjusting the drilling direction upwards and drilling a first distance in the fault, wherein the first distance is equal to the fault distance;
adjusting the drilling direction downward and drilling the first distance in the fault when the second broken disc descends relative to the first broken disc;
the first broken disc is a broken disc comprising a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and the second broken disc is a broken disc comprising a second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
Optionally, the second drilling module comprises:
a first determination submodule for determining a distance between the straight wellbore section and the fault plane as a first drilling distance;
and the first drilling sub-module is used for drilling the first drilling distance determined by the first determining sub-module in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
Optionally, the third drilling module is to:
acquiring logging while drilling data;
and adjusting the drilling direction according to the relative positions of the broken disks on the two sides of the fault and the logging while drilling data.
Optionally, the fourth drilling module is to:
acquiring a stratigraphic dip angle of a second horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the seismic data;
drilling in a second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest, and during drilling, adjusting the drilling direction in accordance with changes in the dip angle of the formation in the second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest.
In yet another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of controlling a wellbore trajectory of a stepped horizontal well of the above aspect.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for controlling a well track of a stepped horizontal well, which can be used for acquiring the depth of a target oil layer, the fault distance of a fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault in advance according to seismic data, so that the drilling distance and the drilling direction can be directly adjusted according to the data acquired in advance in the drilling process, a drill bit can accurately enter the target oil layer and enter a second horizontal section of the target oil layer from a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drill bit cannot deviate from the oil layer or penetrate through the oil layer, the control precision of the well track of the stepped horizontal well is improved, and the drilling rate of the oil layer is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a wellbore trajectory of a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a wellbore trajectory control method for another stepped horizontal well provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a borehole trajectory diagram of a stepped horizontal well in a fault provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of a logging while drilling curve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of drilling a first horizontal section of a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computed fault dip provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a borehole trajectory diagram of an up-stepped horizontal well in a fault provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method of drilling a second horizontal section of a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a wellbore trajectory control device of a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a second drilling module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a wellbore trajectory control method of a stepped horizontal well, and referring to fig. 1, the method can comprise the following steps:
and 101, acquiring a development well position of a target oil layer, wherein the target oil layer is positioned in a fault.
The target oil layer refers to an oil layer to be mined by the stepped horizontal well, and the fault refers to a structure in which rock strata or rock mass obviously displaces along a fracture surface.
And 102, acquiring the depth of the target oil layer according to the seismic data.
The seismic data are acquired by artificially exciting seismic waves and can reflect the structural characteristics and spatial positions of underground strata. The personnel or the borehole trajectory control device can determine the lithology, thickness, depth and interlayer contact relation of the stratum according to the seismic data and determine the possibility of the stratum containing oil and gas. Wherein the formation comprises a destination reservoir and the depth of the formation comprises a depth of the destination reservoir. The depth of the target oil layer is a distance from the top of the target oil layer to the reference plane.
And 103, drilling a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target oil layer and the development well position, so that a drill bit enters the target oil layer.
At this time, the wellbore trajectory of the stepped horizontal well is a lead straight line from the earth's surface to the target oil layer.
And 104, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling to the fault plane of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
When drilling of the first horizontal segment of the stepped horizontal well is completed, the wellbore trajectory of the stepped horizontal well may be L-shaped.
And 105, acquiring the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of broken disks on two sides of the fault according to the seismic data.
The fault distance refers to the relative distance between oil layers in the fault disc on two sides of the fault.
And 106, adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault, and drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault.
The stepped well section is a well section used for connecting the horizontal section in the stepped horizontal well.
And step 107, adjusting the drilling direction according to the extending direction of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
So far, the drill bit completes drilling of the whole stepped horizontal well, and a well bore track between a first horizontal section of a target oil layer and a second horizontal section of the target oil layer of the stepped horizontal well is in a stepped shape.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for controlling a wellbore trajectory of a stepped horizontal well, which can obtain a depth of a target oil layer, a fault distance of a fault, and a relative position of broken discs on two sides of the fault in advance according to seismic data, so that during drilling, a drilling distance and a drilling direction can be directly adjusted according to data obtained in advance, so that a drill bit can accurately enter the target oil layer and enter a second horizontal section of the target oil layer from a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drill bit cannot deviate from the oil layer or penetrate through the oil layer, the control accuracy of the wellbore trajectory of the stepped horizontal well is improved, and further, the drilling rate of the oil layer is improved.
Fig. 2 is another wellbore trajectory control method for a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method may include:
Wherein, the target oil layer is positioned in the broken disks (namely the broken blocks) at the two sides of the fault and is the oil layer to be exploited by the stepped horizontal well. The development well location of the reservoir for this purpose may be determined based on surface conditions. And the development well position is the coordinates of the well mouth of the stepped horizontal well, namely the coordinates of the starting point of the well track of the stepped horizontal well.
The seismic data are acquired by artificially exciting seismic waves. The staff or the well track control device can deduce the structural characteristics and the spatial position of the underground stratum by researching the propagation condition of the seismic waves in the stratum. Meanwhile, the lithology, thickness, depth and interlayer contact relation of the stratum can be determined according to the seismic data, and the possibility of the stratum containing oil and gas is determined. Wherein the formation comprises a destination reservoir and the depth of the formation comprises a depth of the destination reservoir. The depth of the target oil layer is a distance from the top of the target oil layer to the reference plane. The depth of the target reservoir may be determined based on the time of propagation of the seismic wave to the target reservoir and the propagation velocity of the seismic wave.
And step 203, drilling a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target oil layer and the development well position, and enabling a drill bit to enter the target oil layer.
The vertical well section is a well section which is used for communicating the earth surface with a target oil layer in the stepped horizontal well, and the well track of the vertical well section is a vertical straight line. FIG. 3 is a borehole trajectory diagram of a stepped horizontal well in a fault provided by an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 3, the extending direction of the vertical section of the stepped horizontal well is parallel to the gravity direction, that is, the wellbore trajectory of the vertical section is a vertical straight line.
When drilling the straight well section, the target oil reservoir depth acquired according to the seismic data can be drilled in the vertical direction from the determined development well position. When the target reservoir is determined to be approached according to the depth of the target reservoir (for example, the distance between a drill bit and the target reservoir is 200 meters), logging-while-drilling data is acquired in subsequent drilling. According to the logging while drilling data, whether the straight well section enters the target oil layer or not can be accurately judged. Wherein the logging while drilling data may include: lithology and hydrocarbon-bearing properties of the formation encountered by the drill bit. The oil layer is sandstone containing oil and gas, if the drill bit drills into the sandstone, the sandstone can be displayed according to logging-while-drilling results obtained according to logging-while-drilling data, and the oil and gas are displayed, so that the oil can be confirmed to enter the target oil layer. If the drill bit drills sandstone and then drills into mudstone, the logging-while-drilling result can display the mudstone without displaying oil gas, and the fact that the drill bit does not enter a target oil layer or has drilled through the target oil layer can be determined.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of a logging while drilling curve according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the logging while drilling curve obtained according to the logging while drilling data can determine whether the drill bit has drilled into the oil reservoir. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the logging while drilling curve may include a natural Gamma (GR) curve and a resistivity curve. The ordinate in fig. 4 is the depth of the formation in meters (m). Wherein, the GR curve is a curve of the natural gamma ray intensity along with the depth of the stratum, and the unit of the natural gamma ray intensity is API. The personnel or the borehole trajectory control device can identify the lithology of the rock stratum according to the lithology and judge whether the drill bit is in the oil reservoir. The resistivity curve is a curve of the resistivity of the rock formation as a function of the depth of the formation, and the unit of the resistivity is ohm-meters (omega-m), and the resistivity can reflect the oil-bearing property of the rock formation. Referring to fig. 4, it can be seen that as the drill bit drills out the reservoir, the natural gamma ray intensity rises sharply, with a magnitude above 40 API. The resistivity is rapidly reduced to 5 Ω · m or more, and the resistivity is in advance lowered before the oil layer is formed. And after the drill bit track is adjusted to return to the oil layer, the natural gamma ray intensity is reduced, and the reduction amplitude is more than 40 API. The resistivity rapidly rises, and the rise width is 5 Ω · m or more. According to the characteristic of the logging while drilling curve, whether the drill bit enters the target oil layer or has drilled the target oil layer can be judged, and therefore the drilling direction of the drill bit can be adjusted in time.
And 204, adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling to the fault plane of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
Referring to fig. 3, when the drill bit enters the first horizontal segment of the pay zone of interest, the drilling direction is at an angle (e.g., 90 degrees) to the direction of extension of the first horizontal segment of the pay zone of interest. To drill the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well, the drilling direction of the drill bit may be adjusted such that the drilling direction coincides with the direction of extension of the first horizontal section of the pay zone of interest. And then drilling in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the adjusted drilling direction until the fault surface of the fault is drilled.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for drilling a first horizontal section of a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the method may include:
The first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well can be drilled only when the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well reaches the fault plane of the fault, so that the distance between the straight well section and the fault plane can be determined as a first drilling distance, and the distance can be the distance between the bottom end of the straight well section and the fault plane.
The stratum dip angle refers to an included angle between the layer bottom of the target oil layer and the horizontal plane. Because the oil layer is up and down fluctuated along the stratum, in order to ensure that the borehole trajectory of the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well is always in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the stratigraphic dip angle of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer can be obtained according to seismic data, and the stratigraphic line of the target oil layer is determined according to the stratigraphic dip angle, so that the ascending or descending condition of the target oil layer is determined.
In embodiments of the present invention, the drilling direction may be adjusted in real time based on changes in the dip angle of the formation of the first horizontal segment of the zone of interest. Meanwhile, whether the drill bit is still in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer or not can be judged in time according to the obtained logging-while-drilling information in the drilling process, the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted finely, so that the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well obtained by drilling is ensured to be always located in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the oil drainage area of the target oil layer can be increased, and the yield of the stepped horizontal well is improved.
For example, if a drop in the stratigraphic line of the destination reservoir is detected, it may be determined that the destination reservoir is dropping, and thus the drilling direction may be adjusted downward. If a raise in the stratigraphic line of the target reservoir is detected, the target reservoir may be determined to be raised and the drilling direction may be adjusted upward accordingly.
The fault distance refers to the relative distance between oil layers in fault plates on two sides of a fault, and the fault plates refer to rock masses which are displaced along the fault surface of the fault and can also be called fault blocks.
In the embodiment of the invention, a seismic profile can be obtained from the seismic data, any two points are taken on a fault shown by the seismic profile, the horizontal distance and the vertical distance of the two points on the seismic profile are obtained, the dip angle of the fault can be obtained by using an arctan function α, then the intersection point of the same stratum and the fault is obtained, the propagation time of the seismic wave at the position of the two intersection points is determined, the depth of the two intersection points can be calculated according to the propagation speed and the propagation time of the seismic wave, the difference of the depths of the two intersection points is determined as the vertical fault distance of the fault, and finally the fault distance h of the fault, namely the distance between the two intersection points can be calculated by using a sine function according to the vertical fault distance of the fault and the dip angle α of the fault.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a computed fault dip provided by an embodiment of the present invention, for example, as shown in fig. 6, two points A, B on a fault can be arbitrarily taken on a seismic profile, a horizontal distance BO between a point a and a point B and a vertical distance AO between the two points are obtained, and then a dip α of the fault can be obtained according to a formula of a tangent function, that is, tan α is AO/BO.
And step 206, acquiring logging while drilling information.
The logging while drilling data may include formation petrophysical parameters measured during drilling, which may reflect lithology and hydrocarbon content of the formation encountered by the drill bit. The oil layer is sandstone containing oil and gas, if the drill bit drills into the sandstone, the sandstone can be displayed according to logging-while-drilling results obtained according to logging-while-drilling data, and the oil and gas are displayed, so that the oil can be confirmed to enter the target oil layer. If the drill bit drills sandstone and then drills into mudstone, the logging-while-drilling result can display the mudstone without displaying oil gas, and the fact that the drill bit does not enter a target oil layer or has drilled through the target oil layer can be determined.
And step 207, adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance, the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault and the logging while drilling information, and drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault.
Due to the complicated underground condition, when drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well, the relative positions of the broken discs on two sides of the fault are obtained according to seismic data, and the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted. And then drilling a first distance along the adjusted drilling direction according to the fault distance calculated by the seismic data, wherein the first distance is the fault distance. And when the second horizontal section of the target oil layer is about to be drilled, acquiring current logging while drilling information, and judging whether the drill bit enters the second horizontal section of the target oil layer at the moment according to the logging while drilling. If the drill bit does not enter the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drilling direction is finely adjusted according to the logging-while-drilling data. For example, if the logging-while-drilling result obtained according to the logging-while-drilling data shows that the drill bit drills through the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drilling direction of the drill bit should be adjusted downward at this time so that the drill bit can smoothly enter the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and thus the oil layer drilling rate of the stepped horizontal well can be improved. Meanwhile, the relative position and the breaking distance of the broken disc are obtained in advance by utilizing seismic data, the drilling direction does not need to be adjusted according to logging while drilling data all the time, and the investment in drilling the stepped horizontal well can be saved.
When the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted according to the relative positions of the broken disks on two sides of the fault, the drilling direction can be adjusted upwards when the second broken disk in the fault is lifted relative to the first broken disk. When the second breaking disc is lowered relative to the first breaking disc, the drilling direction can be adjusted downwards.
Wherein the first broken disc is a broken disc comprising a first horizontal segment of the destination oil layer, and the second broken disc is a broken disc comprising a second horizontal segment of the destination oil layer.
Fig. 7 is a borehole trajectory diagram of an upper stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, the height of the ground surface of the first broken disc on the left side of the fault surface of the fault is lower than the height of the ground surface of the second broken disc on the right side of the fault surface, that is, the second section of disc is lifted relative to the first broken disc. When the first horizontal section of the target oil layer is drilled, the second section of the plate is lifted relative to the first broken plate, so that the drilling direction can be adjusted upwards, and the second horizontal section of the target oil layer is drilled for a first distance along the adjusted drilling direction.
Referring to fig. 3, the height of the ground surface of the first broken disc on the left side of the fault plane of the fault is higher than the height of the ground surface of the second broken disc on the right side of the fault plane, that is, the second broken disc descends relative to the first broken disc, when the first horizontal section of the target oil layer is drilled, as the second section disc descends relative to the first broken disc, the drilling direction can be adjusted downwards, and the drilling is performed along the adjusted drilling direction for a first distance until reaching the second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
When the stepped horizontal well section is drilled by using the method for controlling the well track of the stepped horizontal well provided by the invention, if the included angle between the fault and the horizontal plane is close to 90 degrees, the vertical fault distance of the fault is approximately equal to the fault distance of the fault, and the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well is not strictly parallel to the fault plane of the fault but is close to the second horizontal section of the target oil layer during drilling, so the drilling distance of the stepped well section is approximately equal to the vertical fault distance of the fault.
And 208, adjusting the drilling direction according to the extending direction of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
When the drilling of the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well is completed, the drill bit enters the second horizontal section of the target reservoir at the moment, but the drilling direction of the drill bit forms a certain included angle (for example, 110 degrees) with the second horizontal section of the target reservoir. In order to drill the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well, the drilling direction of the drill bit can be adjusted first, so that the drilling direction is consistent with the extending direction of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer. Then, drilling can be performed according to the adjusted drilling direction.
Fig. 8 is a flow chart of a method of drilling a second horizontal section of a stepped horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 8, the method may include:
and 2081, acquiring the stratigraphic dip angle of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the seismic data. Because the oil layer is up and down fluctuated along the stratum, in order to ensure that the borehole trajectory of the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well is always in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, the stratigraphic dip angle of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer can be obtained according to seismic data, and the stratigraphic line of the target oil layer is determined according to the stratigraphic dip angle, so that the ascending or descending condition of the target oil layer is determined.
2082, drilling in the second horizontal section of the pay zone, and adjusting the drilling direction according to the change of the dip angle of the stratum in the second horizontal section of the pay zone during the drilling.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the stratum is not always kept in a horizontal state, the drilling direction can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the stratum inclination angle of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and meanwhile, according to the obtained logging-while-drilling data in the drilling process, whether the drill bit is still in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer or not is judged in time, and the drilling direction of the drill bit is finely adjusted, so that the well track of the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well is matched with the fluctuation of the stratum, and the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well obtained by drilling is ensured to be always positioned in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer, so that the oil drainage area of the target oil layer can be increased, and the yield of the stepped horizontal well can be improved.
Optionally, the sequence of the steps of the method for controlling the stepped horizontal well track provided by the embodiment of the invention can be properly adjusted, and the steps can be correspondingly increased or decreased according to the situation. For example, step 202 may be performed synchronously with step 205 or before step 202. Any method that can be easily conceived by one skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall be covered by the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the detailed description thereof shall not be repeated
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for controlling a wellbore trajectory of a stepped horizontal well, which can obtain a depth of a target oil layer, a fault distance of a fault, and relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault in advance according to seismic data, so that during drilling, a drilling distance and a drilling direction of a drill bit can be directly adjusted according to data obtained in advance, so that the drill bit can accurately enter the target oil layer and enter a second horizontal section of the target oil layer from a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drill bit cannot deviate from the oil layer or penetrate the oil layer, the control accuracy of the wellbore trajectory of the stepped horizontal well is improved, and further, the drilling rate of the oil layer is improved.
After the drilling of the whole stepped horizontal well is completed by using the method for controlling the well track of the stepped horizontal well, workers can put down an oil pipe to extract crude oil in a target oil layer. It should be noted that, because the depths of the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section of the target oil layer are different, the crude oil in the target oil layer is different, and interference is generated when the two levels are produced jointly. Therefore, as shown in fig. 7, when the oil pipe is put down, the packers are required to be respectively placed at the contact positions of the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well and the fault plane, so that the purpose oil layer is respectively exploited by the two horizontal sections, the mutual interference of the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well when the purpose oil layer is exploited is avoided, and the oil extraction efficiency can be improved.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wellbore trajectory control device for a stepped horizontal well, and referring to fig. 9, the device may include:
a first obtaining module 901 for obtaining a development well location of a target reservoir, the target reservoir being located in a fault.
And a second obtaining module 902, configured to obtain a depth of the target oil reservoir according to the seismic data.
And a first drilling module 903, configured to drill a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target reservoir and the development well position, so that a drill bit enters the target reservoir.
And a second drilling module 904, configured to adjust a drilling direction of the drill bit according to an extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target reservoir, and drill to the fault plane of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target reservoir, so as to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
And the third acquisition module 905 is configured to acquire the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault according to the seismic data.
And a third drilling module 906 for adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative position of the broken discs on two sides of the fault, and drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault.
A fourth drilling module 907 for adjusting the drilling direction according to the extension direction of a second horizontal section of the pay zone in which the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well is drilled.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a wellbore trajectory control device for a stepped horizontal well, which can obtain the depth of a target oil layer, the fault distance of a fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault in advance according to seismic data, so that during drilling, the drilling distance and the drilling direction of a drill bit can be directly adjusted according to the data obtained in advance, so that the drill bit can accurately enter the target oil layer and enter a second horizontal section of the target oil layer from a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drill bit cannot deviate from the oil layer or penetrate the oil layer, the control accuracy of the wellbore trajectory of the stepped horizontal well is improved, and further the drilling rate of the oil layer is improved.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second drilling module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 10, the second drilling module 904 may include:
and the first obtaining submodule 9041 is used for obtaining the stratigraphic dip angle of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the seismic data.
A first determination submodule 9042, configured to determine a distance between the straight wellbore section and the fault plane as a first drilling distance.
The first drilling sub-module 9043 is configured to drill in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and during the drilling process, adjust the drilling direction according to the stratigraphic dip angle of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer acquired by the first acquisition sub-module.
Optionally, the first drilling sub-module 9043 may be further configured to drill the first drilling distance determined by the first sub-determination module in the first horizontal section of the target reservoir, so as to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
Optionally, the third drilling module 906 may be used to:
when the second breaking disc is lifted relative to the first breaking disc, the drilling direction is adjusted upwards, and a first distance is drilled in the fault, wherein the first distance is equal to the fault distance.
When the second broken disc descends relative to the first broken disc, the drilling direction is adjusted downwards, and the first distance is drilled in the fault.
Wherein the first broken disc is a broken disc comprising a first horizontal segment of the destination oil layer, and the second broken disc is a broken disc comprising a second horizontal segment of the destination oil layer.
Optionally, the third drilling module 906 may be used to:
and acquiring logging while drilling data.
And adjusting the drilling direction according to the relative positions of the broken disks on the two sides of the fault and the logging-while-drilling data.
Optionally, the fourth drilling module 907 may be used to:
and acquiring the stratigraphic dip angle of the second horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the seismic data. Drilling is performed in the second horizontal section of the zone of interest, and during drilling the drilling direction is adjusted in accordance with changes in the dip angle of the formation in the second horizontal section of the zone of interest.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a wellbore trajectory control device for a stepped horizontal well, which can obtain the depth of a target oil layer, the fault distance of a fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault in advance according to seismic data, so that during drilling, the drilling distance and the drilling direction of a drill bit can be directly adjusted according to the data obtained in advance, so that the drill bit can accurately enter the target oil layer and enter a second horizontal section of the target oil layer from a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, the drill bit cannot deviate from the oil layer or penetrate the oil layer, the control accuracy of the wellbore trajectory of the stepped horizontal well is improved, and further the drilling rate of the oil layer is improved.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the apparatus, the modules and the sub-modules described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method for controlling the borehole trajectory of the stepped horizontal well provided by the method embodiment.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for controlling a wellbore trajectory of a stepped horizontal well, the method comprising:
acquiring a development well position of a target oil layer, wherein the target oil layer is positioned in a fault, and the development well position is a coordinate of a well mouth of the stepped horizontal well;
acquiring the depth of the target oil layer according to seismic data;
drilling a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target oil layer and the development well position, so that a drill bit enters the target oil layer;
adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling to the fault surface of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain a first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well;
acquiring the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault according to the seismic data;
adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault, and drilling a stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault;
adjusting the drilling direction according to the extending direction of a second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling a second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer;
drilling in a first horizontal section of the target reservoir to a fault plane of the fault to obtain a first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well, comprising:
acquiring a stratigraphic dip angle of a first horizontal section of the target oil layer according to seismic data;
drilling in a first horizontal section of the pay zone of interest, and during drilling, adjusting the drilling direction in accordance with changes in the dip angle of the formation in the first horizontal section of the pay zone of interest.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said adjusting said drilling direction according to said offset and a relative position of a broken disc on both sides of said fault in which a stepped well section of said stepped horizontal well is drilled comprises:
when the second broken disc ascends relative to the first broken disc, adjusting the drilling direction upwards and drilling a first distance in the fault, wherein the first distance is equal to the fault distance;
adjusting the drilling direction downward and drilling the first distance in the fault when the second broken disc descends relative to the first broken disc;
the first broken disc is a broken disc comprising a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and the second broken disc is a broken disc comprising a second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein drilling in the first horizontal section of the pay zone of interest to the fault face of the fault results in the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well comprising:
determining a distance between the straight wellbore section and the fault plane as a first drilling distance;
and drilling the first drilling distance in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said adjusting the drilling direction according to the relative positions of the fault distance and the broken discs on both sides of the fault comprises:
acquiring logging while drilling data;
and adjusting the drilling direction according to the relative positions of the broken disks on the two sides of the fault and the logging while drilling data.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein drilling the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the pay zone comprises:
acquiring a stratigraphic dip angle of a second horizontal section of the target oil layer according to the seismic data;
drilling in a second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest, and during drilling, adjusting the drilling direction in accordance with changes in the dip angle of the formation in the second horizontal section of the pay zone of interest.
6. A wellbore trajectory control device of a stepped horizontal well, the device comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a development well position of a target oil layer, wherein the target oil layer is positioned in a fault, and the development well position is a coordinate of a well mouth of the stepped horizontal well;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the depth of the target oil layer according to the seismic data;
the first drilling module is used for drilling a straight well section of the stepped horizontal well according to the depth of the target oil layer and the development well position so that a drill bit enters the target oil layer;
the second drilling module is used for adjusting the drilling direction of the drill bit according to the extending direction of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer and drilling to the fault surface of the fault in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well;
the third acquisition module is used for acquiring the fault distance of the fault and the relative positions of broken discs on two sides of the fault according to the seismic data;
the third drilling module is used for adjusting the drilling direction according to the fault distance and the relative positions of the broken discs on the two sides of the fault, and drilling the stepped well section of the stepped horizontal well in the fault;
a fourth drilling module for adjusting the drilling direction according to the extending direction of a second horizontal section of the target oil layer, and drilling the second horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well in the second horizontal section of the target oil layer;
the second drilling module comprising:
the first acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the stratigraphic dip angle of a first horizontal section of the target oil layer according to seismic data;
and the first drilling sub-module is used for drilling in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and in the drilling process, the drilling direction is adjusted according to the stratum inclination angle of the first horizontal section of the target oil layer acquired by the first acquisition sub-module.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the third drilling module is to:
when the second broken disc ascends relative to the first broken disc, adjusting the drilling direction upwards and drilling a first distance in the fault, wherein the first distance is equal to the fault distance;
adjusting the drilling direction downward and drilling the first distance in the fault when the second broken disc descends relative to the first broken disc;
the first broken disc is a broken disc comprising a first horizontal section of the target oil layer, and the second broken disc is a broken disc comprising a second horizontal section of the target oil layer.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second drilling module comprises:
a first determination submodule for determining a distance between the straight wellbore section and the fault plane as a first drilling distance;
and the first drilling sub-module is used for drilling the first drilling distance determined by the first determining sub-module in the first horizontal section of the target oil layer to obtain the first horizontal section of the stepped horizontal well.
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