CN108951280B - 一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于化学及纳米材料科学领域,具体公开了一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液的制备方法及其应用。该荧光性ASA Pickering乳液主要是以水、碳量子点、有机改性蒙脱土和ASA为原料制成;所述碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土的质量比为1:(2~4),所述有机改性蒙脱土与ASA的质量比为(2~4):100。本发明以碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系制备ASA Pickering不仅可避免表面活性剂对水体和土壤造成的不良影响,降低生态环境压力;利用该乳液稳定体系制备的ASA Pickering乳液具有荧光性能;利用该乳液对纸页进行浆内施胶,能显著提高纸张的施胶度,使ASA Pickering乳液的浆内施胶效果更好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学及纳米材料科学领域,具体涉及一种荧光性ASA(烯基琥珀酸酐)Pickering乳液的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
ASA(烯基琥珀酸酐)广泛应用于造纸工业,以O/W(水包油)型乳液的形式应用于纸浆中以提高纸页的抗水性能。造纸行业中,传统造纸施胶剂乳液通常由表面活性剂充当乳化剂,表面活性剂尤其是合成表面活性剂的大量使用对水体和土壤成了严重危害,同时不利于纸页施胶度的提高;商业化施胶剂乳液中阳离子淀粉用量通常较大,获得的施胶剂乳液有效成分含量低。而固体颗粒稳定的乳液,即Pickering乳液,则能避免表面活性剂的不利影响。吸附在油水界面上的固体颗粒形成稳定的界面膜,可有效阻止乳液液滴之间的聚并,提高乳液性能。
申请号为201310714926.2的中国专利申请公开了一种碳量子点锂皂石稳定体系及制备石蜡乳液的方法,以碳量子点锂皂石作为稳定体系;但是发明人在具体实施过程中发现,锂皂石亲水性较强,由于层间的大量无机离子而表现出来的疏油性,不利于其在聚合物基体中的分散。申请号为201410054603.X的中国专利申请公开了一种荧光烯基丁二酸酐施胶乳液及其制备方法,采用粒径为20~200nm的膨润土;但在具体实施例过程中发现,由于膨润土表现出的疏油性,不利于其在聚合物基体中的分散。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的缺点和不足之处,本发明的首要目的在于提供一种荧光性ASA(烯基琥珀酸酐)Pickering乳液。该ASA Pickering乳液稳定性好,不仅可避免表面活性剂对水体和土壤造成的不良影响,而且还具有荧光性。
本发明的另一目的在于上述荧光性ASA Pickering乳液的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的提供上述荧光性ASA Pickering乳液的应用。利用该乳液对纸页进行浆内施胶,能显著提高纸张的施胶度,使ASA Pickering乳液的浆内施胶效果更好。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,由水、碳量子点、有机改性蒙脱土和ASA溶液制成;所述碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土的质量比为1:(2~4),所述有机改性蒙脱土与ASA溶液的质量比为(2~4):100;所述ASA溶液的质量分数为5%-10%。
优选的,所述碳量子点、有机改性蒙脱土和ASA溶液的质量比为1:2:100。
所述ASA,中文名称烯基琥珀酸酐,是一种不挥发性澄清琥珀色液体。
所述ASA溶液通过以下步骤制备:在容器中加入一定量的十二烷基苯磺酸钠乳化剂和去离子水,然后加入ASA,按照质量比乳化剂:ASA=1:4,乳化剂优选种类为十二烷基苯磺酸钠;用高速搅拌器在1500-3000r/min的转速下搅拌1-3min,制得ASA乳液。
优选的,所述ASA溶液粘度0.1~0.3pa·s;更优选的,ASA溶液粘度为0.2pa·s。ASA溶液的粘度会对制备的ASA Pickering乳液性能产生一定影响,但影响不大。
优选的,所述的有机改性蒙脱土为季铵盐改性蒙脱土,可以从市场直接购买。
优选的,所述碳量子点为分散的类球状碳颗粒,直径为2~5nm,zeta电位-40~-20mv;所述有机改性蒙脱土颗粒呈球粒状,直径为2~4μm,片厚为15~20nm。
更优选的,所述有机改性蒙脱土的直径为3μm,片厚为15nm;所述碳量子点直径为3nm,表面zeta电位-40mv。
所述碳量子点可直接购买,或者通过如下制备方法得到:将尿素和柠檬酸钠混合均匀,混合均匀后的固体颗粒粉末置于反应釜中,在160~200℃加热0.5~1小时,然后将所得到的固体用乙醇溶解、超声分散;最后用透析膜透析,得到碳量子点样品,备用。
上述荧光性ASA Pickering乳液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将有机改性蒙脱土分散于水中得到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶,将碳量子点加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入ASA溶液中,然后搅拌乳化,制得水包油型液体ASAPickering乳液即所述荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
本发明所制得的乳液呈乳白色,平均粒径3.5~4.8μm,密度(kg/L,25℃)7.5~8.5。
优选的,所述有机改性蒙脱土与水的质量比为1:(30~40),更优选为1:35。
优选的,所述稳定体系搅拌方式可由任何搅拌设备提供,优选的搅拌速度控制为1500~2500转/分,搅拌时间为8~12分钟。
本发明所述有机改性蒙脱土是指通过季铵盐处理的蒙脱土,季铵盐改性由于发生了阳离子交换反应,改变了蒙脱土表面的高极性,使蒙脱土层间由亲水性转变为亲油性,降低其表面能;有机基团覆盖蒙脱土表面或插入其层间,使其表面能发生变化,增大了层间距,使其由原来的亲水性转变为亲油性,有利于其在聚合物基体中的分散。而且采用的有机改性蒙脱土直径约2~4μm,片厚约15~20nm,具有超大的比表面积和径/厚比,有利于与碳量子点聚合,提高乳液的稳定性能。
碳量子点是由分散的类球状碳颗粒组成、尺寸极小(在10nm以下)、具有荧光性质的新型纳米碳材料,通常由碳纳米材料剥离、碎解或小分子碳源缩合、碳化形成,表面可带有羧基、氨基等各种功能基团,具有优秀的光学性质、良好的水溶性、低毒性、环境友好、原料来源广、成本低、生物相容性好等诸多优点。本发明将碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土复配,两者之间发生聚集作用,提高了有机改性蒙脱土颗粒在ASA-水界面上的吸附作用,增加乳液的稳定性。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点及有益效果:
(1)本发明制备的ASA Pickering乳液避免了表面活性剂对水体和土壤造成的不良影响,降低生态环境压力。
(2)本发明制备的ASA Pickering乳液稳定性好,且具有荧光性能。
(3)本发明制备的ASA Pickering乳液的浆内施胶效果更好,利用本发明制备的ASA Pickering乳液对纸页进行浆内施胶,能显著提高纸张的施胶度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
下列实施例中的碳量子点通过如下制备方法得到:按照尿素:柠檬酸钠的摩尔比3:1、6:1、9:1称量3组尿素和柠檬酸钠原料,然后分别将尿素和柠檬酸钠混合均匀;混合均匀后的固体颗粒粉末分别置于聚四氟乙烯反应釜(50mL)中,在180℃加热1小时,然后将所得到的固体用乙醇(100mL)溶解、超声分散;最后用透析袋(3500Da)透析,得到碳量子点样品,备用。
尿素和柠檬酸钠摩尔比3:1得到的碳量子点参数(直径2nm,Zeta电位-20mv);尿素和柠檬酸钠摩尔比6:1得到的碳量子点参数(直径3nm。Zeta电位-40mv);尿素和柠檬酸钠摩尔比9:1得到的碳量子点参数(直径4nm,Zeta电位-30mv)。
不同比例尿素和柠檬酸钠可制备出不同直径和电位的碳量子点,由于参数不同,碳量子点表面的氨基和羧基含量不同,与有机改性蒙脱土的复配效果会有影响,进而影响乳液性能。此外,碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土的质量比对最终制得的乳液性能有影响。因此下列实施例研究了碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土的质量比。
下列实施例使用的有机改性蒙脱土为季铵盐改性蒙脱土。纸页施胶度按照GB/T460—2008的液体渗透法测定。
对比例1
称取4g有机改性蒙脱土(直径2μm,厚20nm)分散于160g去离子水中,得有机改性蒙脱土溶胶;将上述制备的有机改性蒙脱土溶胶加入100g质量分数为5%的ASA溶液中(粘度0.1Pa·S)溶液中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度1500r/min,搅拌时间8min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。将该乳液常温放置2小时有相体析出。将该乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度51s。
对比例2
称取4g有机改性蒙脱土(直径6μm,厚10nm)分散于160g去离子水中,得有机改性蒙脱土溶胶;将1g碳量子点(直径2nm,zeta电位-20mv)加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入100g质量分数为5%的ASA溶液中(粘度0.1Pa·S)溶液中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度1500r/min,搅拌时间8min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
将该乳液常温放置15小时无相体析出,ASA Pickering乳液在荧光显微镜下经蓝光照射可以观察明显的蓝色荧光,测得荧光强度(PL)为3235(a.u)。将对比例2制得的ASAPickering乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度67s。
对比例3
称取4g未改性蒙脱土(直径2μm,厚20nm)分散于160g去离子水中,得到蒙脱土溶胶;将1g碳量子点(直径2nm,zeta电位-20mv)加入到未改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/蒙脱土稳定体系加入100g质量分数为5%的ASA溶液中(粘度0.1Pa·S)溶液中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度1500r/min,搅拌时间8min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
将该乳液常温放置8小时无相体析出,ASA Pickering乳液在荧光显微镜下经蓝光照射可以观察明显的蓝色荧光,测得荧光强度(PL)为3200(a.u)。将对比例2制得的ASAPickering乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度63s。
对比例4
称取8g有机改性蒙脱土(直径2μm,厚20nm)分散于160g去离子水中,得有机改性蒙脱土溶胶;将1g碳量子点(直径2nm,zeta电位-20mv)加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入100g质量分数为5%的ASA溶液中(粘度0.1Pa·S)溶液中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度1500r/min,搅拌时间8min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
将该乳液常温放置13小时无相体析出,ASA Pickering乳液在荧光显微镜下经蓝光照射可以观察明显的蓝色荧光,测得荧光强度(PL)为3010(a.u)。将对比例2制得的ASAPickering乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度65s。
实施例1
称取4g有机改性蒙脱土(直径2μm,厚20nm)分散于160g去离子水中,得有机改性蒙脱土溶胶;将1g碳量子点(直径2nm,zeta电位-20mv)加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入100g质量分数为5%的ASA溶液(粘度0.1Pa·S)中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度1500r/min,搅拌时间8min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
实施例1所制得的乳液呈乳白色,平均粒径3.5~4.8μm,密度7.5~8.5(kg/L,25℃)。
实施例1制得的ASA Pickering乳液常温放置18小时无相体析出,ASA Pickering乳液在荧光显微镜下经蓝光照射可以观察明显的蓝色荧光,测得荧光强度(PL)为3245(a.u)。将实施例1制得的ASA Pickering乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度70s。
将对比例1和实施例1比较,说明碳量子点能够对有机改性蒙脱土起到协同乳化作用,并能提高稳定性。
将对比例2和实施例1比较,说明蒙脱土的特征参数对最终制得的乳液稳定性能有较大影响。
将对比例3与实施例1比较,说明经过改性的蒙脱土比为改性蒙脱土制得的乳液稳定性更好。
将对比例4与实施例1比较,碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土的质量比对乳液性能有较大影响。
实施例2
称取3g有机改性蒙脱土(直径4μm,厚18nm)分散于90g去离子水中,得有机改性蒙脱土溶胶;将1g碳量子点(直径4nm,zeta电位-30mv)加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入100g质量分数为10%的ASA溶液中(粘度0.3Pa·S)溶液中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度2500r/min,搅拌时间12min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
实施例2所制得的乳液呈乳白色,平均粒径3.5~4.8μm,密度7.5~8.5(kg/L,25℃)。
将实施例2制得的ASA Pickering乳液常温放置24小时无相体析出,ASAPickering乳液在荧光显微镜下经蓝光照射可以观察到明显的蓝色荧光,测得荧光强度(PL)为4261(a.u)。将实施例2制得的ASA Pickering乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度78s。
实施例3
称取2g有机改性蒙脱土(直径3μm,厚15nm)分散于70g去离子水中,得有机改性蒙脱土溶胶;将1g碳量子点(直径3nm,zeta电位-40mv)加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将上述制备的碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入100g质量分数为8%的ASA溶液中(粘度0.2Pa·S)溶液中,然后搅拌(搅拌速度2000r/min,搅拌时间10min)乳化,制得水包油型液体具有荧光性ASA Pickering乳液。
实施例3所制得的乳液呈乳白色,平均粒径3.5~4.8μm,密度7.5~8.5(kg/L,25℃)。
将实施例3制得的ASA Pickering乳液常温放置30小时无相体析出,ASAPickering乳液在荧光显微镜下经蓝光照射可以观察到明显的蓝色荧光,测得荧光强度(PL)为5124(a.u)。将实施例3制得的ASA Pickering乳液加入到纸浆中进行抄纸,加入量1.5%(对绝干浆),纸张定量80g/m2,阳离子淀粉1%(对绝干浆),测得纸页施胶度85s。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,其特征在于,该荧光性ASA Pickering乳液主要是以水、碳量子点、有机改性蒙脱土和ASA溶液制成;所述碳量子点与有机改性蒙脱土的质量比为1:(2~4),所述有机改性蒙脱土与ASA溶液的质量比为(2~4):100;所述ASA溶液的质量分数为5%-10%;所述的有机改性蒙脱土为季铵盐改性蒙脱土;所述碳量子点为分散的类球状碳颗粒,直径为2~5nm,zeta电位-40~-20mv;所述有机改性蒙脱土颗粒呈球粒状,直径为2~4μm,片厚为15~20nm;该荧光性ASA Pickering乳液通过以下步骤制备得到:
按质量比取原料,将有机改性蒙脱土分散于水中得到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶,将碳量子点加入到有机改性蒙脱土溶胶中,混合均匀,得碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系;将碳量子点/有机改性蒙脱土稳定体系加入ASA溶液中,然后搅拌乳化,制得所述荧光性ASAPickering乳液;所述搅拌的速度控制为1500~2500转/分,搅拌时间为8~12分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,其特征在于,所述碳量子点、有机改性蒙脱土和ASA溶液的质量比为1:2:100。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,其特征在于,所述ASA溶液粘度0.1~0.3pa·s。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,其特征在于,所述有机改性蒙脱土的直径为3μm,片厚为15nm;所述碳量子点的直径为3nm,表面zeta电位-40mv。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,其特征在于,所述碳量子点通过如下制备方法得到:将尿素和柠檬酸钠按照摩尔比(3~9):1混合均匀,混合均匀后的固体颗粒粉末置于反应釜中,在160~200℃加热0.5~1小时,然后将所得到的固体用乙醇溶解、超声分散;最后用透析膜透析,得到碳量子点样品,备用。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种荧光性ASA Pickering乳液,其特征在于,所述有机改性蒙脱土与水的质量比为1:(30~40)。
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