CN108944494B - 具有手动释放装置的充电端口锁 - Google Patents

具有手动释放装置的充电端口锁 Download PDF

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CN108944494B
CN108944494B CN201810455021.0A CN201810455021A CN108944494B CN 108944494 B CN108944494 B CN 108944494B CN 201810455021 A CN201810455021 A CN 201810455021A CN 108944494 B CN108944494 B CN 108944494B
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electric vehicle
lock
manual release
harness
charging port
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CN108944494A (zh
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威廉·克里斯多夫·特里戈
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Ford Electric Mach Technology Nanjing Co ltd
Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/24—Superstructure sub-units with access or drainage openings having movable or removable closures; Sealing means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/627—Snap or like fastening
    • H01R13/6275—Latching arms not integral with the housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639—Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/32—Preventing theft during charging of electricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/34—Preventing theft during charging of parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/70—Gearings
    • B60Y2400/73—Planetary gearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/633—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for disengagement only
    • H01R13/6335—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for disengagement only comprising a handle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for engaging or disengaging the two parts of a coupling device
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
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    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

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Abstract

根据本公开的非限制性方面的电动车辆，除了其他之外还包括：包括锁的充电端口、电连接到充电端口的电气配线、通过电气配线电连接到充电端口的电池总成、以及连接到锁并沿着电气配线布线的手动释放线缆。本公开还涉及一种方法。

Description

具有手动释放装置的充电端口锁
技术领域
本公开涉及用于电动车辆的充电端口。特别地，本公开涉及用于充电端口锁的手动释放装置。
背景技术
降低汽车燃料消耗和排放的需求是众所周知的。因此，正在开发减少或完全消除对内燃发动机的依赖的车辆。电动车辆是为此目的而正在开发的一种车辆。通常，电动车辆与传统的机动车辆不同，因为它们被电池供电的电机有选择地驱动。相比之下，传统的机动车辆完全依靠内燃发动机来推进车辆。
对电动车辆(例如插电式混合动力电动车辆(plug-in hybrid electricvehicle，PHEV)或电池电动车辆(battery electric vehicle，BEV))的电池总成充电可涉及将电动车辆电连接至外部电源。电动车辆通常包括布置成接收电连接到外部电源的插头的充电端口。一些已知的充电端口包括锁，该锁被布置成将插头锁定到充电端口，这防止插头被盗以及在车辆充电时意外地分离充电电路。
发明内容
根据本公开的非限制性方面的电动车辆除了其他之外，还包括：包括锁的充电端口、电连接到充电端口的电气配线、通过电气配线电连接到充电端口的电池总成以及连接到锁并且至少部分地布线在电气配线内的手动释放线缆。
在前述电动车辆的另一个非限制性实施例中，锁包括驱动器和手动释放装置，且手动释放线缆连接到该手动释放装置。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，驱动器被布置成当锁处于正常运行状态时，使销在锁定位置和释放位置之间移动，并且手动释放装置被布置成当锁处于卡住插头状态时，移动销到释放位置。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手动释放线缆包括连接到锁的第一端和连接到手柄的第二端。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步非限制性实施例中，手柄设置在电动车辆的发动机罩下方。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步非限制性实施例中，手动释放线缆包括邻近手柄的识别标签。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手柄包括环。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手动释放线缆包括在壳体内的线缆，并且线缆可相对于壳体移动以传输机械力。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，电气配线包括在壳体内的至少一个电线，并且手动释放线缆至少部分地设置在电气配线的壳体内。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，电气配线的壳体包括邻近充电端口的第一端口和邻近电池总成的第二端口，手动释放线缆的第一端从第一端口突出，手动释放线缆的第二端从第二端口突出。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，电动车辆还包括电连接到电池总成的充电器。电气配线将充电端口电连接到充电器。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，电动车辆是电池电动车辆(BEV)和插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)之一。
根据本公开的非限制性方面的另一种电动车辆除其他之外还包括：包括锁的充电端口、电连接到充电端口的电气配线、通过电气配线电连接到充电端口的电池总成、以及连接到锁并且沿着电气配线的外部布线的手动释放线缆。手动释放线缆包括连接到锁的第一端和连接到手柄的第二端。
在前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手柄设置在电动车辆的发动机罩下方。
在任一前述电动车辆的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手动释放线缆通过至少一个紧固件连接到电气配线的外部。
根据本公开的示例性方面的方法，其除其他之外还包括通过拉动手动释放线缆来释放电动车辆的充电端口的锁。手动释放线缆至少部分地布置在电连接到充电端口的电气配线内。
在上述方法的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手动释放线缆包括连接到锁的第一端和连接到手柄的第二端，且释放锁的步骤包括拉动手柄。
在任一上述方法的进一步的非限制性实施例中，手柄设置在电动车辆的发动机罩下方。
在任一前述方法的进一步的非限制性实施例中，电气配线包括壳体内的至少一个电线，并且手动释放线缆至少部分地设置在电气配线的壳体内。
在任一前述方法的进一步的非限制性实施例中，锁包括驱动器，该驱动器被布置成当锁处于正常运行状态时，使销在锁定位置和释放位置之间移动，并且释放锁的步骤包括当锁处于卡住插头状态时，将销移动到释放位置。
附图说明
图1示意性地示出了电动车辆的动力传动系统；
图2示出了示例性电动车辆，该示例性电动车辆并入图1的动力传动系统，并且还并入用于充电端口锁的手动释放装置；
图3示出了用于图2的车辆的示例性充电端口的细节；
图4示出了电气配线和手动释放线缆的第一布置；
图5是沿图4中的线5-5截取的横截面图；
图6示出了电气配线和手动释放线缆的第二布置；
图7是沿着图6中的线7-7截取的横截面图。
具体实施方式
本公开涉及用于电动车辆的充电端口的手动释放装置，并且还涉及使用该手动释放装置的方法。在本公开中，电动车辆包括具有锁的充电端口。电动车辆还包括连接到锁并沿着电气配线布线的手动释放线缆。电气配线将充电端口电连接到电池总成。沿着电气配线布置手动释放线缆增加了组装的便利性并且在便利的易于靠近的位置提供了手动释放线缆的手柄。
图1示意性地示出了用于电动车辆12的动力传动系统10。尽管被描绘为混合动力电动车辆(hybrid electric vehicle，HEV)，但是应该理解的是，本文中描述的构思不限于HEV并且可以延伸到其他电动车辆(包括但不限于插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)和电池电动车辆(BEV))。
在一个实施例中，动力传动系统10是采用第一驱动系统和第二驱动系统的动力分配动力传动系统。第一驱动系统包括发动机14和发电机18(即，第一电机)的组合。第二驱动系统至少包括马达22(即，第二电机)、发电机18和电池总成24。在该示例中，第二驱动系统被认为是动力传动系统10的电驱动系统。第一和第二驱动系统产生扭矩以驱动电动车辆12的一组或多组车辆驱动轮28。尽管示出了动力分配结构，但是本公开延伸到任何混合动力车辆或电动车辆(包括全混合动力车辆、并联混合动力车辆、串联混合动力车辆、轻度混合动力车辆或微型混合动力车辆)。
发动机14(其在一个实施例中是内燃发动机)和发电机18可以通过动力传输单元30(例如行星齿轮组)连接。当然，可以采用其他类型的动力传输单元(包括其他齿轮组和传动装置)来将发动机14连接到发电机18。在一个非限制性实施例中，动力传输单元30是行星齿轮组，其包括环形齿轮32、中心齿轮34和齿轮架总成36。
发电机18可以由发动机14通过动力传输单元30驱动以将动能转换为电能。发电机18可以替代地用作马达以将电能转换成动能，从而将扭矩输出到连接到动力传输单元30的轴38。因为发电机18可操作地连接到发动机14，所以可以由发电机18控制发动机14的速度。
动力传输单元30的环形齿轮32可以连接到轴40，轴40通过第二动力传输单元44连接到车辆驱动轮28。第二动力传输单元44可以包括具有多个齿轮46的齿轮组。其他动力传输单元也可能是合适的。齿轮46将来自发动机14的扭矩传输到差速器48，以最终为车辆驱动轮28提供牵引力。差速器48可以包括能够将扭矩传输到车辆驱动轮28的多个齿轮。在一个实施例中，第二动力传输单元44通过差速器48机械连接到车桥50以将扭矩分配到车辆驱动轮28。
马达22还可以用于通过将扭矩输出到轴52来驱动车辆驱动轮28，该轴52也连接到第二动力传输单元44。在一个实施例中，马达22和发电机18协作为再生制动系统的一部分，其中马达22和发电机18都可以用作马达来输出扭矩。例如，马达22和发电机18均可以向电池总成24输出电力。
电池总成24是示例性的电动车辆电池。电池总成24可以是高压牵引电池包，其包括能够输出电力以操作马达22、发电机18和/或电动车辆12的其它电负载的多个电池总成25(即，蓄电池阵列或蓄电池单元组)。也可以使用其他类型的能量存储装置和/或输出装置来为电动车辆12供电。
在一个非限制性实施例中，电动车辆12具有两种基本操作模式。电动车辆12可以在电动车辆(Electric Vehicle，EV)模式下运行，其中马达22被用于车辆推进(基本上在没有来自发动机14的辅助)，由此在一定的驾驶模式/周期下耗尽电池总成24的荷电状态直到其最大可允许放电率。EV模式是用于电动车辆12的操作的电量消耗模式的示例。在EV模式期间，电池总成24的荷电状态在某些情况下(例如由于再生制动的时间段)可能增加。发动机14在默认EV模式下通常是关闭(OFF)的，但是可以基于车辆系统状态或者根据操作者的许可而根据需要进行操作。
电动车辆12还可以在混合动力(HEV)模式下运行，其中发动机14和马达22两者都用于车辆推进。HEV模式是用于电动车辆12的操作的电荷维持模式的示例。在HEV模式期间，电动车辆12可以减少马达22的推进使用，以便通过增加发动机14的推进使用而将电池总成24的荷电状态保持在恒定或近似恒定的水平。除了在本公开的范围内的EV和HEV模式之外，还可以以其他操作模式操作电动车辆12。
图2示出了示例电动车辆12，其可纳入图1的动力传动系统10。在图2中，电动车辆12是插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)。然而，本公开扩展到其他类型的电动车辆。示出了处于充电位置的电动车辆12，在充电位置中电动车辆12电连接到充电站60。
充电站60包括绳索式充电器总成62和电网电源64。充电器总成62将电力从电网电源64传送到电动车辆12。在该示例中，充电器总成62包括墙壁外部插头(wall outletplug)66、壳体内的充电器主体68、充电器线缆70和车辆充电器插头72。
使用充电站60对电动车辆12充电包括将电动车辆12定位在充电站60附近并且将车辆充电器插头72电连接到电动车辆12。电力然后可以从电网电源64移动到电动车辆12(特别是动力传动系统10的电池总成24)。当电动车辆12处于充电位置时，电池总成24可以被充电。
在该示例中，电池总成24通过车载充电器74电连接到电网电源64。车载充电器74将进入的交流电(AC)转换成直流电(DC)。车载充电器74并不存在于所有示例中。可选地，在一些示例中，车载充电器74被纳入电池总成24或充电站60中。
车辆12包括充电端口76，其被布置成接收车辆充电器插头72。充电端口76将车辆充电器插头72电连接到车载充电器74(如果存在的话)，或者经由电气配线78直接电连接到电池总成24。在这个示例中，电气配线78穿过车身80并且在车辆的发动机罩82的下面布线，其中电池总成24和车载充电器74位于车辆的发动机罩82的下面。如本文中所使用的，车身80是指车辆12的镶板和车架。
有时期望在充电期间将车辆充电器插头72锁定到充电端口76以防止车辆充电器插头72遭窃以及在车辆充电时车辆充电器插头72与充电电路意外分离。在一些地理区域中，法规可能要求在充电期间车辆充电器插头72锁定到充电端口76。
图3详细示出了充电端口76。在这个示例中，充电端口76包括锁84，锁84被布置成选择性地将车辆充电器插头72锁定到充电端口76。在这个示例中，锁84包括均示意性地示出的驱动器86和手动释放装置88两者。驱动器86被布置成当锁处于正常运行状态时，使销90在锁定位置与释放位置之间沿方向D1、D2移动。
在图3中，销90已经沿方向D1移动到锁定位置，其中销90被布置成突出到车辆充电器插头72的对应凹部中，由此将车辆充电器插头72锁定到充电端口76。在释放位置，驱动器86被布置成沿着方向D2将销90从车辆充电器插头72中的凹槽中移出，这允许用户从充电端口76分离车辆充电器插头72。在一个示例中，驱动器86可以被编程为在邻近充电端口76的按钮被驱动时使销90在锁定位置和释放位置之间移动。在其他示例中，驱动器86可以响应于来自车辆12的其他命令和指令。
虽然仅示出了一个销90，但应该理解，锁84可以包括附加的销。此外，本公开不限于销90的特定位置。锁84可以包括放置在充电端口76周围的其他位置的销。
在一些情况下，锁84可能基本上卡在锁定位置中，该锁定位置有时被称为车辆“卡住插头(stuck on plug)”。在“卡住插头”状态下，驱动器86至少暂时不能使销90沿方向D2移动到释放位置。手动释放装置88被布置成在这样的状态下沿方向D2手动移动销90。
尽管在图3中示意性地示出了驱动器86和手动释放装置88，但是应当理解的是，本公开延伸到所有类型的驱动器和手动释放装置。驱动器86例如可以包括马达和一个或多个齿轮和连杆，并且可以响应来自诸如车辆系统控制器(vehicle system controller，VSC)的控制器的指令。手动释放装置88可以包括一个或多个连杆，该连杆被布置成基本上超驰驱动器86并且沿着方向D2将销90移动到释放位置。
在这个示例中，手动释放装置88在用户施加的力的作用下被手动启动。本公开提供了手动释放线缆92，该手动释放线缆92连接到锁84并且沿着电气配线78布线。具体地，手动释放线缆92在第一端94处直接连接到手动释放装置88，且可由使用者在车辆12的发动机罩82下方访问手动释放线缆92的第二端96(图2)。
在本公开的一个示例中，手动释放线缆92包括设置在壳体内的线缆。线缆可在壳体内移动以在手动释放线缆92的第一端94和第二端部96之间传递机械力。在一个示例中，手动释放线缆92是鲍登线缆(Bowden cable)。
手动释放线缆92沿着电气配线78以这样的方式布线：两个部件提供单个总成。因此，制造商可以将包括手动释放线缆92和电气配线78两者的单个总成递送到装配工厂。装配工人可以将装配该总成作为单个操作步骤的一部分。此外，如下所述，布置手动释放线缆92使得用户在车辆12的发动机罩82下方容易访问该线缆92。
综合参照图2和图4，在该示例中手动释放线缆92包括在第二端96处的手柄98。手柄98被布置成接收使用者的手或手指。在一个示例中，手柄98是环。在另一个示例中，手柄98类似于开伞索手柄(ripcord handle)。然而，本公开扩展到其他类型的手柄。为了启动手动释放装置88，使用者抓握住手柄98并在手柄98上施加拉力。可以在手动释放线缆92上邻近手柄98处提供具有诸如“拉”这样的短语的识别标签100。
图4为了便于参考示出了没有车辆12的其余部分的充电端口76、电气配线78和手动释放线缆92。在图4的实施例中，手动释放线缆92在电气配线78的至少一部分内布线。
图5是电气配线78的横截面图。在图5中，电气配线78包括壳体102和电连接在充电端口76和车载充电器74(如果存在的话)和电池总成24之间的多个电线104。手动释放线缆92包括壳体106和设置在壳体106内的线缆108。如上所述，线缆108可相对于壳体106移动以传输机械力。
在图4的实施例中，电气配线78的壳体102包括邻近充电端口76的第一端口110和邻近车载充电器74(如果存在)和电池总成24的第二端口112。第一端口110和第二端口112是电气配线78的壳体102中的开口，其允许手动释放线缆92的第一端94和第二端96向外突出以分别附连到手动释放装置88和手柄98。如图4所示，在该示例中，手动释放线缆92的整个长度基本上在电气配线78的壳体102内布线。将手动释放线缆92的至少一部分嵌入电气配线78中增加了组装车辆12的便利性，并且将手柄98提供在发动机罩82下方的便利且可访问的位置中。
在图6所示的另一个实施例中，手动释放线缆92通过紧固件附接到由电气配线78的壳体102提供的外表面。在图6中，沿着电气配线78的长度具有彼此间隔开的三个这样的紧固件114。图7是示出通过紧固件114附接到壳体102的手动释放线缆92的横截面图。在图6-7的实施例中，紧固件114是线缆绑带(cable ties)(不太正式地称为拉链绑带(zipties))。然而，本公开不限于特定的紧固件类型。
本公开提供了一种组合电气配线-手动释放线缆总成，其减少了用于在车辆中组装的组件的数量。因此，车辆组装的便利性增加。本公开的两个实施例都将手动释放线缆92的手柄98布置在车辆12的发动机罩82下方的易于访问的位置，这允许用户自己启动手动释放装置88，而不需要特殊工具，并且不需要呼叫路边援助。
应当理解，诸如“大约”，“基本上”和“大体上”的术语不旨在成为无边界术语，并且应当与本领域技术人员将解释这些术语的方式一致的方式进行解释。
尽管不同示例具有图示中示出的特定部件，但是本公开的实施例不限于这些特定组合。可以使用来自其中一个示例的一些部件或特征与来自另一示例的特征或部件的组合。
本领域的普通技术人员将理解，上述实施例是示例性的而非限制性的。即，本公开的修改将落入权利要求的范围内。因此，应研究以下权利要求以确定其真实范围和内容。

Claims (16)

1.一种电动车辆，所述电动车辆包括：
包括锁的充电端口；
电连接到所述充电端口的电气配线；
通过所述电气配线电连接到所述充电端口的电池总成；以及
连接到所述锁并且至少部分地在所述电气配线内布线的手动释放线缆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动车辆，其中，所述锁包括驱动器和手动释放装置，并且其中所述手动释放线缆连接到所述手动释放装置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电动车辆，其中：
所述驱动器被配置为当所述锁处于正常运行状态时使销在锁定位置与释放位置之间移动，并且
所述手动释放装置被配置为在所述锁处于卡住插头状态时将所述销移动到所述释放位置。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电动车辆，其中，所述手动释放线缆包括连接到所述锁的第一端和连接到手柄的第二端。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电动车辆，其中，所述手柄设置在所述电动车辆的发动机罩下方。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电动车辆，其中，所述手动释放线缆包括位于壳体内的线缆，所述线缆能够相对于所述壳体移动以传输机械力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电动车辆，其中，所述电气配线包括壳体内的至少一个电线，并且其中，所述手动释放线缆至少部分地设置在所述电气配线的所述壳体内。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电动车辆，其中：
所述电气配线的所述壳体包括邻近所述充电端口的第一端口和邻近所述电池总成的第二端口，
所述手动释放线缆的第一端从所述第一端口突出，并且
所述手动释放线缆的第二端从所述第二端口突出。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电动车辆，其中，所述电动车辆是电池电动车辆(BEV)和插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)之一。
10.一种释放电动车辆的充电端口的锁的方法，所述方法包括：
通过拉动手动释放线缆来释放电动车辆的充电端口的锁，所述手动释放线缆至少部分地在电连接到所述充电端口的电气配线内布线。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中：
所述手动释放线缆包括连接到所述锁的第一端和连接到手柄的第二端，并且
释放所述锁的步骤包括拉动所述手柄。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述手柄设置在所述电动车辆的发动机罩下方。
13.根据权利要求10-12的任一项所述的方法，其中，所述电气配线包括壳体内的至少一个电线，并且其中，所述手动释放线缆至少部分地设置在所述电气配线的所述壳体内。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述锁包括驱动器，所述驱动器被布置成当所述锁处于正常运行状态时使销在锁定位置与释放位置之间移动，并且其中，所述释放所述锁的步骤包括当所述锁处于卡住插头状态时，将所述销移动到所述释放位置。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述电动车辆是电池电动车辆(BEV)和插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)之一。
16.一种电动车辆，所述电动车辆包括：
包括锁的充电端口；
电连接到所述充电端口的电气配线；
通过所述电气配线电连接到所述充电端口的电池总成；以及
连接到所述锁并且沿着所述电气配线的外部布线的手动释放线缆，其中所述手动释放线缆包括连接到所述锁的第一端和连接到手柄的第二端。
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