CN108929384A

CN108929384A - A kind of zero-emission acorn kernel method for comprehensive processing

Info

Publication number: CN108929384A
Application number: CN201710412051.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张志健
Original assignee: Shaanxi University of Technology
Current assignee: Shaanxi University of Technology
Priority date: 2017-05-26
Filing date: 2017-05-26
Publication date: 2018-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-26
Also published as: CN108929384B

Abstract

A kind of zero-emission acorn kernel method for comprehensive processing.The invention belongs to agricultural byproducts processing technical fields, it is characterised in that reused using countercurrent action and technology to acorn nut processing waste water, i.e., carry out starch rinsing with new water；Defibrination is carried out with poaching wastewater early period again, is separated with later period poaching wastewater；Then acorn kernel tannin removing is carried out with defibrination separation waste water, this process also uses countercurrent action, and is aided with ultrasonic-wave assisted mention；It carries out being concentrated by evaporation recycling condensed water after removing the produced purified removal of impurities of waste water to acorn kernel tannin, concentrate is dried, acorn nut tannin extract is made or is processed into other tannin products, the condensed water of recycling is used further to starch rinsing.Compared with existing acorn starch processing technology, advantage of the invention is that：(1) it is discharged without " three wastes ".Produced residue can be used as animal feed, and each process water consumption scientific arrangement guarantees that, without intermediate discharge of wastewater, tannin removing process produces " waste water " and is used to prepare tannin product and recycling condensed water.(2) with short production cycle.It is different because of the equipment situation difference of use no more than 1 day.(3) raw material availability is high.Starch yield in 40% or so, tannin extract yield in 15% or so, residue yield 20% or so, total raw material utilization rate is 75% or so.

Description

A kind of zero-emission acorn kernel method for comprehensive processing

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural byproducts processing technical fields, are related to a kind of zero-emission acorn kernel method for comprehensive processing.

Background technique

Acorn nut, also known as acorn, are the general designations of Fagaceae Fagaceae plant kernel, and rubber benevolence is starch-containing 50%~70%, can It is dissolubility sugar 2%~8%, tannin 0.26%~17.74%, protein 1.17%~8.72%, grease 1.04%~6.86%, thick Fiber 1.13%~5.89%, ash content 1.30%~3.40% are important industry and raw-food material.But containing excessive in acorn nut Tannin, it is very big to people and animals' nervous centralis and hepatotoxicity, and the toxicity of Hydrolysable Tannins is much larger than condensed tannin, it is excessive edible It will cause the symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, abdominal distension, constipation and anorexia, to hamper utilization of the acorn nut in food (feed).Mesh Before, the extraction to acorn starch is still concentrated mainly on to the processing as sub- benevolence both at home and abroad, and technically main using a large amount of Water is impregnated and is rinsed to remove acorn nut tannin and other non-starch ingredients, thus commonly there are the production cycle is long, water consumption is big, gives up Water discharge capacity is big, and BOD, COD of institute's effluent etc. is very high, this not only causes acorn nut utilization rate low, and the wasting of resources is big, and to ring Border is seriously polluted, and wastewater treatment pressure is very big, limits the development of acorn nut industry.Although having many technical staff, scholar couple The comprehensive utilization of acorn nut is studied, but so far there is not yet actually applying in production.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome defect existing in the prior art, production week can be greatly shortened by providing one kind Phase, the comprehensive utilization ratio of acorn nut is improved, and can be reduced wastewater discharge, reduced wastewater treatment pressure, avoid the rubber of environmental pollution Sub- benevolence processing method.

Its specific technical solution is：Acorn nut processing waste water is reused using countercurrent action and technology, to reduce New water consumption, while improving chemical component in waste water, especially tannin content.It specifically, is exactly to carry out starch drift with new water It washes；Defibrination is carried out with poaching wastewater early period again, is separated with later period poaching wastewater；Then acorn nut is carried out with defibrination separation waste water The removing of benevolence tannin, this process also uses countercurrent action, and is aided with ultrasonic-wave assisted mention；To acorn kernel tannin remove produced waste water (or Claim leaching liquor) it carries out being concentrated by evaporation recycling condensed water after purified removal of impurities, concentrate is dried, acorn nut tannin extract is made or adds For work at other tannin products, the condensed water of recycling is used further to starch rinsing.

Compared with existing acorn starch processing technology, advantage of the invention is that：

1, it is discharged without " three wastes ".Produced residue can be used as animal feed, and each process water consumption scientific arrangement guarantees without technique Discharge of wastewater, tannin removing process produce " waste water " and are used to prepare tannin product and recycling condensed water.

2, with short production cycle.It is different because of the equipment situation difference of use no more than 1 day.

3, raw material availability is high.Starch yield is in 40% or so, tannin extract yield in 15% or so, residue yield on 20% left side The right side, total raw material utilization rate is 75% or so.

Specific embodiment

Technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail combined with specific embodiments below.

Embodiment：

After the Qinggang 100g acorn kernel selection by winnowing, sieving removal of impurities, it is rinsed with water silt, added 5 times of last time to produce institutes after draining Produce clarification defibrination separate waste water, ultrasound extraction 1h, filter to isolate leaching liquor and wet acorn kernel, be so repeated 3 times detoxification is wet Acorn kernel；The wet acorn kernel of detoxification was produced with 4 times of last time and carries out defibrination together with clarification rinsing waste water early period, slurries cross 120 Mesh, then produced clarification rinsing later period waste water with 11 times of last time and be rinsed by several times, residue, and squeezing are isolated, Then gained slurries centrifuge separation (3500r/min, 1min) is obtained into wet Crude starch and defibrination separates waste water；With 16 times of new moisture Wet Crude starch is rinsed, and is centrifugated (2000r/min, 1min) and obtains wet starch and poaching wastewater；Wet starch is dry Up to product acorn starch 48.11g (water content 13.65%)；By leaching liquor successively by standing, filtering or be centrifuged (4000r/min, 5min), freezing (0~5 DEG C), filtering or centrifugation (4000r/min, 5min), drying, crush up to evergreen chinquapin at concentration Glue product 15.24g；Dry slag 15.66g will be obtained after wet slag drying, acorn kernel overall utilization is 79%.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of zero-emission acorn kernel method for comprehensive processing, it is characterised in that be by the cleaning of dry acorn kernel, it is appropriate broken after plus water Carry out Ultrasonic Wave-Assisted Extraction, plus water defibrination simultaneously separate, rinse, drying and to obtain acorn starch, leaching liquor is purified, concentration, it is cold Jelly, dry etc. obtain acorn nut tannin extract.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the acorn kernel after appropriateness broken (20~40 mesh) is added 4~6 Upper the produced defibrination separating clarifying waste water of a technical process, 1~2h of Ultrasonic Wave-Assisted Extraction again, and be repeated 3 times, or add 12~18 times Clarified wastewater continuous flow upstream 3~6h of Ultrasonic Wave-Assisted Extraction, then filtering, draining obtain detoxification acorn kernel and leaching liquor.

3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that adding 3~6 times of upper technical process to be produced detoxification acorn kernel Early period rinse clarified wastewater defibrination, and cross 100~120 meshes, then with the produced later periods drifts of 10~12 times of upper technical process It washes clarified wastewater to be rinsed residue, extract, institute's pulp production liquid is merged, 0.5~2min is centrifuged at 2500~4000r/min Or 5~10min is stood, isolate wet Crude starch and defibrination separation waste liquid.

4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that by wet Crude starch 15~18 times of new moisture 6~10 times or even It is continuous to be rinsed, and be centrifuged 0.5~2min at 1000~3000r/min or stand 5~10min, isolate wet starch and drift Waste water is washed, collects poaching wastewater early period and later period poaching wastewater respectively, 100~120 meshes are crossed in wet starch is dry, crushing, i.e., It is acorn starch.

5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that by leaching liquor successively by standing 1~7d, filtering or centrifugation (3000~5000r/min, 1~10min), freezing (0~5 DEG C) 24~48h, filtering or centrifugation (3000~5000r/min, 1~ 10min), it is concentrated in vacuo, is dry, crushing up to liquid acorn nut tannin extract is obtained after dry acorn nut tannin extract, or concentration.

6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that using before upper technical process waste liquid first by it 3000~ 5000r/min is centrifuged 1~10min, must clarify waste liquid and residue, by residue obtained and the produced residue consolidation of defibrination separation process, It is drying to obtain the dry slag of acorn nut.

7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that rinsing water amount can be required according to the difference to starch quality It is adjusted, while adjusting defibrination separation and diffusion water amount, guarantee each link watering balance, no technique waste water discharge.