CN108919416B - Optical fiber coupling method, optical fiber coupling system, optical fiber and signal transmission device - Google Patents
Optical fiber coupling method, optical fiber coupling system, optical fiber and signal transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108919416B CN108919416B CN201810831386.9A CN201810831386A CN108919416B CN 108919416 B CN108919416 B CN 108919416B CN 201810831386 A CN201810831386 A CN 201810831386A CN 108919416 B CN108919416 B CN 108919416B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/023—Microstructured optical fibre having different index layers arranged around the core for guiding light by reflection, i.e. 1D crystal, e.g. omniguide
- G02B6/02304—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. air filled, hollow core
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02323—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. photonic band gap guiding
- G02B6/02328—Hollow or gas filled core
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
- G02B6/02366—Single ring of structures, e.g. "air clad"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an optical fiber coupling method, an optical fiber coupling system, an optical fiber and a signal transmission device. Compared with the prior art that the air core photonic band gap fiber at the coupling part can generate the problems of light energy loss improvement, weak mechanical strength at the coupling part and the like due to the damage of the symmetrical crystal structure of the cladding, the air core photonic band gap fiber and the auxiliary fiber form a refractive index guiding type fiber with a solid core at the coupling part, so that the mechanical strength at the coupling part is greatly increased, and the coupling loss between the air core photonic band gap fiber and a single-mode fiber is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of optical fiber technologies, and in particular, to an optical fiber coupling method, an optical fiber coupling system, an optical fiber, and a signal transmission device.
Background
At present, the unique photonic band gap light guide mechanism of the air core photonic band gap fiber enables light to be transmitted in the air, so that the problems of absorption and scattering of the fiber core material are avoided, the limit of a transmission window in the traditional glass fiber does not exist, the light can be transmitted in the whole wave band, extremely low loss can be realized theoretically, and the air core photonic band gap fiber is considered as the best choice of the next-generation fiber communication technology.
Because most of the optical fiber devices are based on common single-mode quartz optical fibers at present, the realization of high-efficiency optical coupling between the air core photonic band gap optical fibers and common single-mode optical fibers is very important. However, welding an air core photonic bandgap fiber with a conventional single mode fiber by arc discharge welding the fiber inevitably causes collapse of the air hole of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, thereby introducing large coupling loss. Although researchers have done a great deal of optimization of the fusion splice parameters of air core photonic bandgap fibers with ordinary single mode fibers over the past years, such as reducing discharge intensity, reducing discharge time, and shifting the center of discharge position, the coupling loss introduced by each fusion splice is still as high as-2 dB, and more importantly, low loss fusion splices result in very poor mechanical strength at the fusion splice. So a more efficient, low loss and high mechanical strength coupling method between the air core photonic bandgap fiber and a common single mode fiber has not been achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application mainly aims to provide an optical fiber coupling method, an optical fiber coupling system, an optical fiber and a signal transmission device, which can effectively reduce the coupling loss of an air core photonic band gap optical fiber and a single mode optical fiber and improve the mechanical strength of a connecting part between the air core photonic band gap optical fiber and the single mode optical fiber.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber coupling method, including:
the method comprises the steps of inserting an auxiliary optical fiber into an air fiber core of an air core photonic band gap optical fiber, wherein the refractive index of a fiber core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is higher than that of a cladding material of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber;
performing preset treatment on the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber to collapse an air hole of the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, wherein the auxiliary optical fiber and the collapsed air core photonic band gap optical fiber form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, and the air hole, which is not plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is not collapsed;
cutting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber so that the cut surface of the refractive index guiding type optical fiber is matched with the end surface of a single mode optical fiber to be connected;
and connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber with the single mode optical fiber.
To achieve the above object, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber coupling system, including:
a first optical fiber connection device for plugging an auxiliary optical fiber into an air core of an air core photonic bandgap fiber, wherein a refractive index of a core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is higher than a refractive index of a cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber;
the second optical fiber connecting device is used for carrying out preset treatment on the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber so as to collapse an air hole at the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber, wherein the auxiliary optical fiber and the collapsed air core photonic bandgap optical fiber form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, and the air hole at the part, which is not plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber is not collapsed;
an optical fiber cutting device for cutting the refractive index guided optical fiber so that a cut surface of the refractive index guided optical fiber is adapted to an end surface of a single-mode optical fiber to be connected;
and the third optical fiber connecting device is used for connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber.
To achieve the above object, a third aspect of embodiments of the present application provides an optical fiber, including: auxiliary optical fiber, air core photonic bandgap fiber and single mode optical fiber;
the refractive index of the fiber core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is larger than that of the cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber; the auxiliary optical fiber is positioned in an air fiber core of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, the auxiliary optical fiber is wrapped by a structure formed after an air hole of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is collapsed to form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, a part of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, which is not plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, is not collapsed, the refractive index guiding optical fiber is connected with the single-mode optical fiber, and the fiber core of the refractive index guiding optical fiber is connected with the fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber.
In order to achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present application provides a signal transmission device, which includes the optical fiber described above.
The embodiment of the application provides an optical fiber coupling method, an optical fiber coupling system, an optical fiber and a signal transmission device. In the embodiment of the application, the air core photonic band gap fiber and the auxiliary fiber form a solid refractive index guiding fiber at the coupling part, and the structure greatly increases the mechanical strength of the coupling part and reduces the coupling loss of the air core photonic band gap fiber and the single-mode fiber.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application and that other drawings may be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an optical fiber coupling method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present application in which an auxiliary fiber is inserted into a hollow core photonic bandgap fiber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an air hole of an air core photonic bandgap fiber with an auxiliary fiber inserted therein for arc discharge collapse in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cleaved index guided optical fiber in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a refractive index guided optical fiber and a single mode optical fiber connected in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application, which is obtained by using the optical fiber coupling method in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of another auxiliary fiber inserted into an air core photonic bandgap fiber in accordance with embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber coupling system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The air core photonic band gap fiber and the common single mode fiber are coupled in the existing coupling technology, and the cladding symmetrical crystal structure of the air core photonic band gap fiber is destroyed to a large extent at the coupling part, so that the light energy loss of the coupling part is large, the transmission loss is large, and the structure of the coupling part is relatively thin, so that the mechanical strength is low, and the difficulty of transmission and laying is increased.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present embodiment proposes an optical fiber coupling method by which an optical fiber having higher mechanical strength and lower coupling loss can be obtained. Referring to fig. 1, the optical fiber coupling method of the present embodiment includes:
step 101, an auxiliary optical fiber is plugged into an air fiber core of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, wherein the refractive index of a fiber core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is higher than that of a cladding material of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber;
in this embodiment, the air core photonic bandgap fiber may be an air core photonic bandgap fiber of various types, specifications, and transmission bands. In order to ensure the transmission quality of the coupled optical fiber, the refractive index of the fiber core in the auxiliary optical fiber is required to meet certain requirements. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the core material of the auxiliary optical fiber is slightly higher than the refractive index of the cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, and the refractive index guiding optical fiber formed by the auxiliary optical fiber and the air core photonic bandgap fiber is a single-mode transmission optical fiber. Optionally, in this embodiment, the auxiliary optical fiber is made according to a common single-mode optical fiber for communication. In one example, the auxiliary fiber may be made based on a common single mode fiber having a refractive index of the core material that is at least 0.01 higher than the refractive index of the cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber.
Optionally, the types of auxiliary fibers include, but are not limited to micro-nano fibers. The refractive index of the core material of the auxiliary optical fiber may be much greater than the refractive index of the cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber.
In one example, the auxiliary optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber core for communication, and in another example, the auxiliary optical fiber is composed of a step-index structure formed by the core of the single-mode optical fiber and a part of the cladding. It will be appreciated that, in order to plug the auxiliary optical fiber into the air core of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, the diameter of the auxiliary optical fiber is slightly smaller than the diameter of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, that is, the auxiliary optical fiber and the air core of the air core photonic bandgap fiber of the present embodiment are in clearance fit. It will be appreciated that in order to avoid insufficient mechanical strength at the coupling site, it is desirable to avoid excessive gaps between the auxiliary optical fiber and the air core of the air core photonic bandgap fiber.
In this embodiment, the step of inserting the auxiliary fiber into the air core of the air core photonic bandgap fiber may be accomplished by an optical fiber fusion splicer. Specifically, the air core photonic band gap fiber and the auxiliary fiber with cut flat end surfaces are respectively placed in a left clamp and a right clamp of an optical fiber fusion splicer, a motor of the optical fiber fusion splicer is regulated under the observation of the optical fiber fusion splicer, and the position alignment of the air core photonic band gap fiber and the auxiliary fiber is precisely controlled, so that the auxiliary fiber is inserted into the air core of the air core photonic band gap fiber. In other examples, this step may also be done manually by a user, for example, the user secures the auxiliary fiber and the air-core photonic bandgap fiber to the precision displacement platform, respectively, and plugs the auxiliary fiber into the fiber of the air-core photonic bandgap fiber under microscopic observation.
102, performing preset treatment on a part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary fiber, so that an air hole of the part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary fiber, is collapsed, wherein the auxiliary fiber and the collapsed air core photonic band gap fiber form a solid refractive index guiding fiber, and the air hole of the part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is not plugged with the auxiliary fiber, is not collapsed;
in step 102, the purpose of the preset treatment is to collapse the air hole in the air core photonic bandgap fiber where the auxiliary fiber is inserted to form a solid refractive index guiding fiber, so the preset treatment is a treatment mode capable of heating the precise location, and specific heating parameters depend on the melting parameters of the cladding material isolating each air column in the air core photonic bandgap fiber. Alternatively, in one example, collapse of the air holes of the air core photonic bandgap fiber is accomplished by an arc discharge process.
Specifically, the performing the preset treatment on the portion of the air core photonic bandgap fiber where the auxiliary fiber is inserted, so that the collapse of the air hole of the portion of the air core photonic bandgap fiber where the auxiliary fiber is inserted includes: and performing arc discharge treatment on the part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary fiber, so that the air hole of the part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary fiber, is collapsed.
The discharge parameters during arc discharge are related to the material, thickness, air column and the like of the air core photonic bandgap fiber. The discharge parameters include, but are not limited to, discharge intensity, discharge duration, and the like. In the process of forming the solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, arc discharge treatment (multiple discharges are needed in one position) needs to be carried out aiming at different positions (belonging to the position where the auxiliary optical fiber is inserted) of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber, and optionally, the discharge parameters of each discharge can be adjusted according to actual needs.
For example, when the optical fiber fusion splicer is selected to perform arc discharge on the air core photonic bandgap fiber into which the auxiliary fiber is inserted in this embodiment, the discharge power may be selected on the optical fiber fusion splicer: the standard-50 bit, the discharge time is "400ms", discharge is carried out on one collapse position on the air core photonic band gap fiber according to the set discharge parameters, wherein the discharge times of the same collapse position are generally 3-5 times, the actual times of repeated discharge are determined according to the actual collapse condition, and the parameters of each discharge can be set through an optical fiber fusion splicer in the embodiment. After the collapse of a position on the fiber, the fiber can be moved axially a distance, such as about 50 microns, and then the uncollapsed position on the fiber adjacent to the currently collapsed position is collapsed by discharge.
In this embodiment, in order to avoid transmission loss caused by collapse of a portion of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, where the auxiliary fiber is not inserted, the length of the auxiliary fiber inserted into the air core photonic bandgap fiber needs to be sufficiently long, for example, not less than 4 cm. Further, the portion of the auxiliary optical fiber inserted into the air core photonic band gap fiber is longer than the collapsed portion of the air core photonic band gap fiber.
The process of collapsing an air-core photonic bandgap fiber with an auxiliary fiber inserted therein to obtain a solid refractive index guided optical fiber is illustrated below with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the insertion of an auxiliary fiber into an air core photonic bandgap fiber, and FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the air holes of an air core photonic bandgap fiber collapsing by arc discharge.
21 in fig. 2 is an air core photonic bandgap fiber, and 22 is an auxiliary fiber. In fig. 2, one end of the auxiliary optical fiber, which goes deep into the air core photonic bandgap fiber, is an end a, the other end is an end B, the structure of the auxiliary optical fiber in fig. 2 is a step-index structure formed by a fiber core and a part of a cladding, the part of the auxiliary optical fiber 22, which is light gray, in the outer layer in fig. 2 is the cladding, and the part of the inner layer, which is darker in color, is the fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber.
When the air core photonic band gap fiber is collapsed, the air holes of the air core photonic band gap fiber can be sequentially collapsed from the vicinity of the end A, and then the two matched fibers (21 and 22) are integrally moved to the left side for the length of the currently collapsed position at each collapsed position according to the direction from the end A to the end B, and then the discharge collapse is continued at the next uncollapsed position; the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and the air holes of the air core photonic bandgap fiber may be sequentially collapsed from the vicinity of the B-terminal to the a-terminal. Optionally, a section of auxiliary optical fiber with a certain length (for example, not less than a preset length) from the end A corresponds to the air core photonic band gap optical fiber without collapsing. After arc discharge, the collapsed air hole structure of the air core photonic bandgap fiber tightly surrounds the auxiliary fiber to form a solid index guided fiber as shown at 31 in FIG. 3.
Step 103, cutting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber to enable the cut surface of the refractive index guiding type optical fiber to be matched with the end surface of the single mode optical fiber to be connected;
in order to facilitate the connection of the index guiding fiber and the single mode fiber, the index guiding fiber needs to be cut. Alternatively, the optical fiber cutter may be used for cutting, or the femtosecond laser may be used for cutting, and when the optical fiber cutter is used, parameters of the optical fiber cutter may be adjusted according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, in order to continue the subsequent steps, the length of the refractive index guiding optical fiber is required to meet a certain requirement, for example, the length of the refractive index guiding optical fiber is not less than a preset length threshold in step 102.
In order to facilitate subsequent connection, optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the cut surface of the cut index guided optical fiber is perpendicular to its axis.
Step 104, connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber with the single mode optical fiber.
In one example of this embodiment, the refractive index guided optical fiber and the single mode optical fiber may be connected by fusion splicing, and optionally, connecting the refractive index guided optical fiber and the single mode optical fiber includes: and connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber in a fusion welding mode.
In order to facilitate fusion splicing, as shown in fig. 5, the refractive index guiding optical fiber 31 is aligned with the core of the single-mode optical fiber 51 to be connected (the end face of the single-mode optical fiber is also perpendicular to the axis of itself), the axes of both are ensured to be in a straight line, and then fusion splicing is performed. In this embodiment, the fusion splicing parameter of the ordinary single-mode fiber can be used to fuse the refractive index guided fiber with the single-mode fiber to obtain the coupled fiber as shown in fig. 6.
In one example of this embodiment, the auxiliary optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber core for communication (the single-mode optical fiber is different from the single-mode optical fiber connected with the refractive index guiding optical fiber in step 104), and before the auxiliary optical fiber is plugged into the air core of the air-core photonic bandgap optical fiber, the method further includes:
and corroding the optical fiber cladding of the optical fiber to be used by a preset chemical corrosion method to obtain an optical fiber core serving as an auxiliary optical fiber.
The optical fiber to be used is a common single-mode optical fiber for communication. Alternatively, the predetermined chemical etching method in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, etching the optical fiber cladding using hydrofluoric acid. In this embodiment, the cladding material of the optical fiber to be used may be completely etched by controlling the etching parameters (including, but not limited to, the concentration of the acid, the duration of the etching, etc.) while leaving the fiber core unetched.
In another example of this embodiment, the auxiliary optical fiber is formed by a step-index structure formed by a core of a single-mode optical fiber and a part of a cladding, and before the auxiliary optical fiber is inserted into an air core of the air-core photonic bandgap fiber, the method further includes:
the optical fiber to be used is etched by a predetermined chemical etching method to obtain an auxiliary optical fiber having a step-index structure formed of a core and a part of cladding of the single-mode optical fiber.
The optical fiber to be used is a common single-mode optical fiber for communication. Alternatively, the predetermined chemical etching method in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, etching a portion of the fiber cladding using hydrofluoric acid. In this embodiment, the cladding of the optical fiber to be used may be incompletely etched to obtain the auxiliary optical fiber by controlling the etching parameters (including, but not limited to, the type of acid, the concentration, the duration of etching, etc.).
In this embodiment, before etching the optical fiber cladding of the optical fiber to be used, a layer structure other than the optical fiber cladding on the optical fiber to be used, such as a coating layer or the like, may be stripped off by the optical fiber pliers for subsequent etching operations.
In this embodiment, when the auxiliary optical fiber is directly prepared from a single-mode optical fiber with a complete structure, an optical fiber with a complete optical fiber structure (such as 71 in fig. 7) which is not corroded can be reserved at one end of the auxiliary optical fiber, the auxiliary optical fiber can be clamped by the optical fiber fusion splicer conveniently, and is inserted into the air core of the air-core photonic bandgap optical fiber,
it will be appreciated that after the optical fiber has been etched, additional steps such as acid neutralization of the secondary fiber are required.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, this embodiment further provides an optical fiber coupling system, as shown in fig. 8, including:
a first optical fiber connection device 81 for plugging an auxiliary optical fiber into an air core of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, wherein a refractive index of a core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is higher than a refractive index of a cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber;
the second optical fiber connection device 82 is configured to perform a preset treatment on a portion of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, where the auxiliary optical fiber is plugged, so that an air hole of the portion of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, where the auxiliary optical fiber and the collapsed air core photonic bandgap fiber form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, and an air hole of the portion of the air core photonic bandgap fiber, where the auxiliary optical fiber is not plugged, is not collapsed;
an optical fiber cutting device 83 for cutting the refractive index guided optical fiber so that a cut surface of the refractive index guided optical fiber is adapted to an end surface of a single-mode optical fiber to be connected;
and a third optical fiber connection means 84 for connecting the refractive index guided optical fiber with the single mode optical fiber.
Optionally, the first optical fiber connecting device, the second optical fiber connecting device and the third optical fiber connecting device are all optical fiber fusion splicers, and the optical fiber fusion splicers are specifically used for performing arc discharge treatment on a part of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary optical fiber, so that an air hole of the part of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary optical fiber, is collapsed, and the refractive index guiding optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber are connected in a fusion splicing manner.
Optionally, the auxiliary optical fiber is a fiber core of a single-mode fiber, or the auxiliary optical fiber is formed by a step-index structure formed by the fiber core of the single-mode fiber and a part of the cladding.
Further, the optical fiber coupling system of the present embodiment further includes: the preparation device is used for corroding the optical fiber cladding of the optical fiber to be used by a preset chemical corrosion method to obtain the optical fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber as an auxiliary optical fiber; or corroding the optical fiber to be used by a preset chemical corrosion method to obtain the auxiliary optical fiber formed by the step-index structure formed by the fiber core and part of the cladding of the single-mode optical fiber. Before the preparation device corrodes the optical fiber cladding of the optical fiber to be used, a layer structure other than the optical fiber upper cladding to be used, such as a coating layer, may be stripped off by the optical fiber pliers.
Optionally, the types of auxiliary fibers of the present example include micro-nano fibers. The portion of the auxiliary fiber inserted into the air-core photonic band gap fiber is longer than the portion collapsed in the air-core photonic band gap fiber.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present embodiment also provides an optical fiber that can be obtained by the optical fiber coupling method in the above example. As shown in fig. 9, the optical fiber includes: an auxiliary optical fiber 91, an air core photonic bandgap fiber 92, and a single mode optical fiber 93; the structure to the left of the broken line in fig. 9 can be regarded as a structure including the refractive index guiding fiber 921 formed of the auxiliary fiber 91 and the air-core photonic bandgap fiber 92, and the structure to the right of the broken line can be regarded as a single-mode fiber 93.
The refractive index of the core material in the auxiliary optical fiber 91 is greater than the refractive index of the cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber 92; the auxiliary optical fiber 91 is located in the air core of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber 92, the auxiliary optical fiber 91 is wrapped by a structure formed after the air hole of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber 92 is collapsed to form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber 921, a part of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber, which is not plugged with the auxiliary optical fiber, is not collapsed, the refractive index guiding optical fiber 921 is connected with the single-mode optical fiber 93, and the core of the refractive index guiding optical fiber 921 is connected with the core of the single-mode optical fiber 93.
The auxiliary optical fiber 91 is a fiber core of a single-mode fiber, or is formed by a step-index structure formed by a fiber core of a single-mode fiber and a part of cladding. The preparation method of the auxiliary optical fiber may be referred to in the description of other examples, which are not described herein.
The auxiliary optical fiber of this example is a common single-mode optical fiber for communication, and its types include, but are not limited to, micro-nano optical fibers. The refractive index guiding type optical fiber with a solid core formed by the auxiliary optical fiber and the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is an optical fiber with single-mode transmission.
The refractive index guided optical fiber 921 of this example is matched (the area size is not necessarily equal) with the two end surfaces that contact each other when connected to the single-mode optical fiber 93. The core of the index guided optical fiber in this example may be connected to the single mode optical fiber by fusion. The welding parameters are those of a common single-mode fiber.
In this example, the portion of the auxiliary optical fiber 91 that plugs into the air-core photonic bandgap fiber 92 is longer than the portion of the air-core photonic bandgap fiber that collapses.
Further, the present embodiment also provides a signal transmission device, which includes the optical fiber (such as the optical fiber in fig. 9) in the above example.
By adopting the scheme in the embodiment, the auxiliary optical fiber can be plugged into the air fiber core of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber, the part of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber plugged with the auxiliary optical fiber is subjected to preset treatment, so that the air hole of the part of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber plugged with the auxiliary optical fiber is collapsed, the refractive index guiding optical fiber is cut so as to enable the cut surface of the refractive index guiding optical fiber to be matched with the end surface of the single mode optical fiber to be connected, the refractive index guiding optical fiber and the single mode optical fiber are connected, a new coupling optical fiber structure can be obtained, and compared with the prior art that the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber and the common single mode optical fiber are coupled, the problems of light energy loss improvement, weak coupling part mechanical strength and the like are caused by the damage of the symmetrical crystal structure of the cladding caused by the collapse of the air hole can be solved. In the embodiment of the application, the air core photonic band gap fiber and the auxiliary fiber form a solid refractive index guiding fiber at the coupling position, so that the coupling loss caused by collapse of an air hole in the prior art is reduced, the high-efficiency and high-mechanical strength coupling between the air core photonic band gap fiber and a common single-mode fiber is realized, and the transmission loss of an optical signal is reduced.
In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus, system, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of modules is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions of actual implementation, e.g., multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all expressed as a series of combinations of actions, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of actions described, as some steps may be performed in other order or simultaneously in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily all required for the present application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
The foregoing describes a fiber coupling method, system, optical fiber, and signal transmission device provided by the present application, and those skilled in the art will recognize that there are variations in terms of specific embodiments and application ranges according to the concepts of the embodiments of the present application, and in summary, the disclosure should not be construed as limiting the application.
Claims (9)
1. A method of optical fiber coupling, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of (1) plugging an auxiliary optical fiber into an air fiber core of an air core photonic band gap optical fiber, wherein the refractive index of a fiber core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is higher than that of a cladding material of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber;
performing arc discharge treatment on the part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary fiber, so that an air hole of the part of the air core photonic band gap fiber, which is plugged with the auxiliary fiber, is collapsed;
the auxiliary optical fiber and the collapsed air core photonic band gap optical fiber form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, and an air hole at a part, which is not plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, in the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is not collapsed;
cutting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber so that the cut surface of the refractive index guiding type optical fiber is matched with the end surface of a single mode optical fiber to be connected;
and connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber with the single mode optical fiber.
2. The method of optical fiber coupling according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary optical fiber is a fiber core of a single mode optical fiber, and the inserting the auxiliary optical fiber into the air core of the air core photonic bandgap fiber further comprises:
and corroding the optical fiber cladding of the optical fiber to be used by a preset chemical corrosion method to obtain an optical fiber core serving as an auxiliary optical fiber.
3. The method of coupling optical fibers of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary optical fiber is comprised of a step-index structure formed by a core of a single-mode optical fiber and a portion of cladding, the step-index structure further comprising, prior to inserting the auxiliary optical fiber into an air core of an air-core photonic bandgap fiber:
and corroding the optical fiber to be used by a preset chemical corrosion method to obtain the auxiliary optical fiber formed by the step-index structure formed by the fiber core and part of the cladding of the single-mode optical fiber.
4. The optical fiber coupling method of claim 1, wherein the type of auxiliary optical fiber comprises a micro-nano optical fiber.
5. The optical fiber coupling method of any of claims 1-4, wherein a portion of the auxiliary optical fiber inserted into the air-core photonic bandgap fiber is longer than a portion of the air-core photonic bandgap fiber collapsed.
6. The optical fiber coupling method of any of claims 1-4, wherein said connecting said index guided optical fiber and said single mode optical fiber comprises:
and connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber and the single mode optical fiber in a fusion welding mode.
7. An optical fiber coupling system, comprising:
the first optical fiber connecting device is used for plugging an auxiliary optical fiber into an air fiber core of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, and the refractive index of a fiber core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is higher than that of a cladding material of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber;
the second optical fiber connecting device is used for carrying out arc discharge treatment on the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber so as to collapse an air hole at the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber, wherein the auxiliary optical fiber and the collapsed air core photonic bandgap optical fiber form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, and the air hole at the part, which is not plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic bandgap optical fiber is not collapsed;
an optical fiber cutting device for cutting the refractive index guided optical fiber so that a cut surface of the refractive index guided optical fiber is adapted to an end surface of a single-mode optical fiber to be connected;
and the third optical fiber connecting device is used for connecting the refractive index guiding type optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber.
8. An optical fiber, the optical fiber comprising: auxiliary optical fiber, air core photonic bandgap fiber and single mode optical fiber;
the refractive index of the fiber core material in the auxiliary optical fiber is larger than that of the cladding material of the air core photonic bandgap fiber; the auxiliary optical fiber is positioned in an air fiber core of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber, the part, which is plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is processed by arc discharge, the auxiliary optical fiber is wrapped by a structure formed after an air hole of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is collapsed to form a solid refractive index guiding optical fiber, the part, which is not plugged into the auxiliary optical fiber, of the air core photonic band gap optical fiber is not collapsed, the refractive index guiding optical fiber is connected with a single-mode optical fiber, and the fiber core of the refractive index guiding optical fiber is connected with the fiber core of the single-mode optical fiber.
9. A signal transmission device, comprising: the optical fiber of claim 8.
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