CN108919201B - Multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system and processing method - Google Patents

Multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system and processing method Download PDF

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CN108919201B
CN108919201B CN201810895205.9A CN201810895205A CN108919201B CN 108919201 B CN108919201 B CN 108919201B CN 201810895205 A CN201810895205 A CN 201810895205A CN 108919201 B CN108919201 B CN 108919201B
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optical
division multiplexing
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sampling
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CN108919201A (en
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邹卫文
于磊
陈建平
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system and a processing method. It comprises the following components: the device comprises a multichannel optical signal module, a pulse light source, a first wavelength division multiplexing module, a photon sampling gate, a second wavelength division multiplexing module, a PD array and an EDAC array. The method is based on a photon parameter sampling technology, realizes the sampling of radar receiving signals of a plurality of channels simultaneously through only one photon sampling gate, and then performs back-end parallel data processing, thereby greatly simplifying the architecture of the multifunctional radar receiving system. The method can be widely applied to receivers of various multifunctional radars such as multiband radars, MIMO radars, phased array radars and the like.

Description

Multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system and processing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave photon signal processing, in particular to a multifunctional radar all-optical receiving system and a processing method.
Background
With the continuous development of modern electronic information technology, multifunctional integrated integration has become the development trend of future electronic information systems. In a radar system, multiple functions such as electronic countermeasure, target search, target imaging, communication and the like can be integrated together to form the development direction of the future radar system, however, equipment for realizing the functions often works under different wave bands and bandwidth conditions, so that a multi-band reconfigurable radar system is needed. The multi-band reconfigurable multifunctional radar receiver is an important component for realizing the radar system.
In order to realize multiple functions and to cover signal reception in a frequency range of multiple bands, a radar receiver needs to be designed comprehensively. The most straightforward solution is a combined receiver: multiple receivers are used in parallel, or multiple devices are used in parallel, each receiver covers a single frequency band, or each device performs a single function. The radar receiver is the most common mode at present, and meanwhile, because the radar receivers commonly used at present are all super-heterodyne receivers, and a plurality of components must use separation devices, the integration level is very low, so that the size is large, and the resource utilization rate is low. With the rapid development of modern integrated circuit technology, various fully-integrated monolithic receivers, including zero-if receivers and low-if receivers, have appeared, and all of them have the advantages of simple structure, small size, full integration, wide frequency coverage, high output bandwidth, etc. However, the above receiver still needs analog down-conversion processing for the received signals in different bands. Thereby increasing the complexity of the analog front end and limiting its application in a multifunctional radar receiver.
With the development of microwave photonics technology, the microwave photonics technology has wide application in the field of radar signal reception, on one hand, the photon analog-to-digital conversion technology has the advantages of low time jitter and large bandwidth, and can directly perform high-performance broadband direct sampling on multiband radio frequency signals [ j.kim, et al ], "Photonic sub-sampling analog-to-digital conversion of microwave signals at 40-GHz with high frequency and then 7-ENOB resolution," Optics Express, vol.16, No.21, pp.16509-16515,2008 ], thereby realizing multifunctional radar signal reception in a full digital domain. On the other hand, the real-time photon delay line based technology effectively overcomes the limitation of aperture transit time [ K.Garenaux, et al, "Recent break through high s in RF optical Systems for radar Systems," Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE, vol.22, pp.3-8,2007 ] in the conventional phased array antenna. However, the research of the multifunctional radar receiving system based on the microwave photon technology is still in a preliminary stage at present, the system has low reconfigurability, and a plurality of receiver systems are still required for receiving radar signals of a plurality of wave band signals at the same time, so that the application of the microwave photon technology in the multifunctional radar receiving system is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional radar all-optical receiving system and a processing method aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method is based on a photon parameter sampling technology, realizes the sampling of radar receiving signals of a plurality of channels simultaneously through only one photon sampling gate, and then performs back-end parallel data processing, thereby greatly simplifying the architecture of the multifunctional radar receiving system. The method can be widely applied to receivers of various multifunctional radars such as multiband radars, MIMO radars, phased array radars and the like.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a multichannel optical signal module, a pulse light source, a first wavelength division multiplexing module, a photon sampling gate, a second wavelength division multiplexing module, a PD array and an EADC array, wherein the specific connection relation is as follows:
when the system is used as a receiver of a phased array radar, the multichannel optical signal module comprises N radar signal receiving channels, and the multichannel optical signal module consists of N continuous light sources with different wavelengths, N receiving antennas, N electro-optical modulators and N adjustable delay units, wherein the first output ends of the N continuous light sources with different wavelengths are connected with the first input end of the electro-optical modulator, the first output ends of the N receiving antennas are connected with the second input end of the N electro-optical modulators, the first output ends of the N electro-optical modulators are connected with the first input ends of the N adjustable delay units, the first output ends of the N adjustable delay units are used as N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module, and the N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module are respectively connected with the N input ends of the first wavelength division multiplexing module, the first output end of the first wavelength division multiplexing module is connected with the first input end of the photon sampling gate, the first output end of the pulse light source is connected with the second input end of the photon sampling gate, the first output end of the photon sampling gate is connected with the first input end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module, the output end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module is directly connected with the first input end of a single PD unit of the PD array, and the first output end of the single PD unit is connected with the first input end of the single PD unit so as to perform data processing;
when the system is used as a receiver of a multiband radar, an MIMO or other radars, the multichannel optical signal module comprises N radar signal receiving channels and consists of N paths of continuous light sources with different wavelengths, N receiving antennas and N paths of electro-optical modulators, wherein first output ends of the N paths of continuous light sources with different wavelengths are connected with a first input end of the electro-optical modulator, first output ends of the N receiving antennas are connected with a second input end of the N paths of electro-optical modulators, first output ends of the N paths of electro-optical modulators are used as N paths of optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module, the N paths of optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module are respectively connected with N paths of input ends of a first wavelength division multiplexing module, and a first output end of the first wavelength division multiplexing module is connected with a first input end of the photon sampling gate, the first output end of the pulse light source is connected with the second input end of the photon sampling gate, the first output end of the photon sampling gate is connected with the first input end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module, N output ends of the second wavelength division multiplexing module are respectively connected with the first input ends of N PD units of the PD array, and the first output ends of the N PD units are connected with the first input ends of N EADC units of the EADC array to perform parallel processing on signals.
The multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing method utilizing the multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
n different wavelengths (lambda)1、λ2、……λN) The continuous optical carrier wave is used as N optical domain signals of N receiving channels of the multifunctional radar receiving antenna to be multiplexed into one signal by the first wavelength division multiplexing module and then is used for sampling pulse light (lambda)sampling) The photonic nonlinear medium acts, and all-optical sampling is realized at the photonic sampling gate; in addition, if the system is used as a receiving unit of an N-channel laser radar, N optical signals received by the laser radar can be directly used as N optical domain signals, and are multiplexed into one signal by the first wavelength division multiplexing module and then subjected to all-optical sampling with sampling pulse light at the photon sampling gate;
secondly, the photon sampling gate generates an N-channel idle frequency optical signal (lambada i) corresponding to the N-channel receiving optical signal after sampling1、λi2、……λiN) Namely, the N paths of received signals are sampled simultaneously; then the idler frequency optical signal (lambada i) produced after sampling is processed by a second wavelength division multiplexing module1、λi2、……λiN) Dividing the signals into N paths, and respectively processing the signals by the N PD arrays and the N EADC units of the EADC array, namely completing the simultaneous parallel receiving of the multifunctional radar;
for phased array radar reception, the method is also applicable: the N paths of optical domain signals are subjected to delay adjustment of the N paths of delay adjustable units, and then subjected to all-optical sampling by the photon sampling gate, and the all-optical sampling generates N paths of idler frequency optical signals (lambdai i)1、λi2、……λiN) Then the N paths of idler frequency lights (lambdai i) are transmitted by a second wavelength division multiplexing module (or filter)1、λi2、……λiN) Meanwhile, a path of signal is filtered out, and the receiving beam scanning of the phased array can be realized through signal processing of the single PD array and the single EADC unit of the EADC array.
Based on the technical characteristics, the invention has the following advantages:
1. based on the all-optical sampling technology, the signals received by multiple paths of radars can be sampled simultaneously, so that a radar receiving system is greatly degenerated.
2. The method can be widely applied to various multifunctional radar systems such as phased array radar, MIMO radar, multiband radar and the like, and can realize modular and reconfigurable development of the multifunctional radar receiving system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional radar all-optical reception processing system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is two schematic structural diagrams of the multi-channel optical signal module.
Fig. 3 is a spectral diagram of plenoptic sampling.
Fig. 4 shows experimental results of the method applied to a dual-band radar system and a phased array radar system.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional radar all-optical reception processing system of the present invention. It comprises the following components: the system comprises a multichannel optical signal module 1, a pulse light source 2, a first wavelength division multiplexing module 3, a photon sampling gate 4, a second wavelength division multiplexing module 5, a PD array 6 and an EDAC array 7, wherein the specific connection relation is as follows:
when the system is used as a receiver of a phased array radar, the multichannel optical signal module 1 comprises N radar signal receiving channels, and is composed of N continuous light sources 1-1 with different wavelengths, N receiving antennas 1-2, N electro-optical modulators 1-3, and N adjustable delay units 1-4 (see fig. 2a), wherein a first output end of the N continuous light sources 1-1 with different wavelengths is connected with a first input end of the electro-optical modulator 1-3, a first output end of the N receiving antennas 1-2 is connected with a second input end of the N electro-optical modulator 1-3, a first output end of the N electro-optical modulator 1-3 is connected with a first input end of the N adjustable delay units 1-4, and a first output end of the N adjustable delay units 1-4 is used as the N optical signal receiving channels of the multichannel optical signal module 1 An output end, wherein N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module 1 are respectively connected to N input ends of a first wavelength division multiplexing module 3, a first output end of the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3 is connected to a first input end of a photon sampling gate 4, a first output end of the pulse light source 2 is connected to a second input end of the photon sampling gate 4, a first output end of the photon sampling gate 4 is connected to a first input end of a second wavelength division multiplexing module 5, an output end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module 5 is directly connected to a first input end of a single PD unit 6-1 of the PD array 6, and a first output end of the single PD unit 6-1 is connected to perform data processing;
when the system is used as a receiver of a multiband radar, a MIMO or other radars, the multichannel optical signal module 1 (see fig. 2b) includes N radar signal receiving channels, which are composed of N continuous light sources 1-5 with different wavelengths, N receiving antennas 1-6 and N electro-optical modulators 1-7, first output ends of the N continuous light sources 1-5 with different wavelengths are connected with first input ends of the electro-optical modulators 1-7, first output ends of the N receiving antennas 1-6 are connected with second input ends of the N electro-optical modulators 1-7, first output ends of the N electro-optical modulators 1-7 are used as N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module 1, N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module 1 are respectively connected with N input ends of the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3, the first output end of the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3 is connected with the first input end of the photon sampling gate 4, the first output end of the pulse light source 2 is connected with the second input end of the photon sampling gate 4, the first output end of the photon sampling gate 4 is connected with the first input end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module 5, the N output ends of the second wavelength division multiplexing module 5 are respectively connected with the first input ends of the N PD units of the PD array 6, and the first output ends of the N PD units are connected with the first input ends of the N EADC units of the EADC array 7 for parallel processing of signals.
The multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing method utilizing the multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system comprises the following steps:
n different wavelengths lambda1、λ2、……λNThe continuous optical carrier wave is used as N optical domain signals of N receiving channels of the multifunctional radar receiving antenna and is multiplexed into a signal by the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3, and the signal and the sampling pulse light (lambda)sampling) The method has the advantages that the method acts in a photon nonlinear medium to realize all-optical sampling; in addition, if the system is used as a receiving unit of an N-channel laser radar, N optical signals received by the laser radar can be directly used as N optical domain signals, multiplexed into one signal by the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3, and then subjected to all-optical sampling with sampling pulse light at the photon sampling gate 4;
the photon sampling gate 4 generates an N-channel idle frequency optical signal lambada i corresponding to the N-channel receiving optical signal after sampling1、λi2、……λiNNamely, the N paths of received signals are sampled simultaneously; then the idler frequency optical signal lambada i produced after sampling is processed by a second wavelength division multiplexing module 51、λi2、……λiNDividing the signals into N paths and respectively processing the signals by N EADC units of the N PD arrays 6 and the N EADC units of the EADC array 7, namely completing the simultaneous parallel receiving of the multifunctional radar;
for phased array radar reception, the method is also applicable: the N optical domain signals are subjected to delay adjustment of the N adjustable delay units 1-4, and then subjected to all-optical sampling by the photon sampling gate 4, and the all-optical sampling generates N idle frequency optical signals lambdai i1、λi2、……λiNThen the N paths of idler frequency lights lambada i are processed by a second wavelength division multiplexing module (or filter) 51、λi2、……λiNAnd meanwhile, filtering out a path of signal, and performing signal processing on the single PD array 6 and the single EADC unit of the EADC array 7 to realize receiving beam scanning of the phased array.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, a spectral diagram of a multi-channel radar receiving all-optical sampling is given. N continuous optical carriers with different wavelengths are used as N receiving channels (lambda) of the multifunctional radar receiving antenna1、λ2、……λN) And converting radio-frequency signals received by N antenna units in the multifunctional radar antenna array into N paths of optical domain signals through photoelectric modulation. N paths of optical domain signals are multiplexed into a path of signal through the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3 and are subjected to sampling pulse light (lambda)sampling) The photonic sampling gate 4 acts in a photonic nonlinear medium to realize all-optical sampling. In addition, if the system is used as a receiving unit of the N-channel laser radar, the N optical signals received by the laser radar can be directly used as N optical domain signals, multiplexed into one signal by the first wavelength division multiplexing module 3, and then subjected to all-optical sampling with sampling pulse light. After sampling, generating N-channel idle frequency optical signals lambada i corresponding to the N-channel receiving optical signals at the same time1、λi2、……λiNNamely, the simultaneous sampling of the N received signals is realized. Then the idler frequency optical signal lambada i produced after sampling is processed by a second wavelength division multiplexing module 51、λi2、……λiNAnd the N paths are divided for respective processing, and the simultaneous parallel receiving of the multifunctional radar is completed. Furthermore, for phased array radar reception, the method is equally applicable: the N paths of optical domain signals are subjected to time delay regulation and then subjected to all-optical sampling, N paths of idler frequency optical signals are generated through all-optical sampling, and the N paths of idler frequency optical lambada i are subjected to wavelength division multiplexing (or filter)1、λi2、……λiNMeanwhile, a path of signal is filtered out, and the receiving wave beam scanning of the phased array can be realized through back-end processing.
Fig. 4(a) shows experimental results in a two-channel two-band radar receiving system, and fig. 4(b) shows a reception scan pattern of a four-channel phased array radar system.

Claims (2)

1. A multifunctional radar all-optical receiving processing system is characterized by comprising: the multi-channel optical signal module (1), the pulse light source (2), the first wavelength division multiplexing module (3), the photon sampling gate (4), the second wavelength division multiplexing module (5), the PD array (6) and the EADC array (7) are connected in the following specific manner:
when the system is used as a receiver of a phased array radar, the multichannel optical signal module (1) comprises N radar signal receiving channels, and the multichannel optical signal module is composed of N continuous light sources with different wavelengths, N receiving antennas, N electro-optical modulators and N adjustable delay units, wherein the first output ends of the N continuous light sources with different wavelengths are connected with the first input end of the electro-optical modulator, the first output ends of the N receiving antennas are connected with the second input end of the N electro-optical modulators, the first output ends of the N electro-optical modulators are connected with the first input ends of the N adjustable delay units, the first output ends of the N adjustable delay units are used as N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module (1), the N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module (1) are respectively connected with N input ends of the first wavelength division multiplexing module (3), a first output end of the first wavelength division multiplexing module (3) is connected with a first input end of the photon sampling gate (4), a first output end of the pulsed light source (2) is connected with a second input end of the photon sampling gate (4), a first output end of the photon sampling gate (4) is connected with a first input end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module (5), N output ends of the second wavelength division multiplexing module (5) are respectively connected with first input ends of N PD units of the PD array (6), and first output ends of the N PD units are connected with first input ends of N EADC units of the EADC array (7) for parallel processing of signals;
when the system is used as a receiver of a multiband radar or MIMO, the multichannel optical signal module (1) comprises N radar signal receiving channels, and is composed of N continuous light sources with different wavelengths, N receiving antennas and N electro-optical modulators, wherein first output ends of the N continuous light sources with different wavelengths are connected with a first input end of the electro-optical modulator, first output ends of the N receiving antennas are connected with a second input end of the N electro-optical modulator, first output ends of the N electro-optical modulators are used as N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module (1), the N optical signal output ends of the multichannel optical signal module (1) are respectively connected with N input ends of a first wavelength division multiplexing module (3), and a first output end of the first wavelength division multiplexing module (3) is connected with a first input end of the photon sampling gate (4), a first output end of the pulse light source (2) is connected with a second input end of the photon sampling gate (4), a first output end of the photon sampling gate (4) is connected with a first input end of the second wavelength division multiplexing module (5), N output ends of the second wavelength division multiplexing module (5) are respectively connected with first input ends of N PD units of the PD array (6), and first output ends of the N PD units are connected with first input ends of N EADC units of the EADC array (7) for parallel processing of signals;
N≥1。
2. a multifunctional radar all-optical reception processing method using the multifunctional radar all-optical reception processing system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
n different wavelengths (lambda)1、λ2、……λN) The continuous optical carrier wave is used as N optical domain signals of N receiving channels of the multifunctional radar receiving antenna, is multiplexed into a signal through the first wavelength division multiplexing module (3), and is connected with sampling pulse light (lambda)sampling) The photonic nonlinear medium acts in the photonic nonlinear medium, and the photonic sampling gate realizes all-optical sampling; in addition, if the system is used as a receiving unit of an N-channel laser radar, N optical signals received by the laser radar can be directly used as N optical domain signals, multiplexed into one signal by the first wavelength division multiplexing module (3) and subjected to all-optical sampling with sampling pulse light at the photon sampling gate (4);
the photon sampling gate (4) generates N channels of idler frequency optical signals (lambada i) corresponding to N channels of optical domain signals of N receiving channels after sampling1、λi2、……λiN) Namely, the N paths of received signals are sampled simultaneously; then the idle frequency optical signal (lambada i) generated after sampling is processed by a second wavelength division multiplexing module (5)1、λi2、……λiN) The signals are divided into N paths and respectively processed by N PD units of the PD array (6) and N EADC units of the EADC array (7), namely the simultaneous parallel receiving of the multifunctional radar is completed;
for phased array radar reception, the method is also applicable: the N paths of optical domain signals are subjected to delay adjustment of the N paths of delay adjustable units, and then subjected to all-optical sampling by the photon sampling gate (4) to generate N paths of idler frequency optical signals (lambada i)1、λi2、……λiN) Then the N paths of idle frequency optical signals (lambada i) are transmitted through a second wavelength division multiplexing module (5)1、λi2、……λiN) And meanwhile, filtering out a path of signal, and performing signal processing on the single PD unit of the PD array (6) and the single EADC unit of the EADC array (7) to realize receiving beam scanning of the phased array.
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