CN108919070A - A kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion - Google Patents
A kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN108919070A CN108919070A CN201810582163.3A CN201810582163A CN108919070A CN 108919070 A CN108919070 A CN 108919070A CN 201810582163 A CN201810582163 A CN 201810582163A CN 108919070 A CN108919070 A CN 108919070A
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- sensor
- partial discharge
- switchgear
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- information fusion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection systems of Multi-source Information Fusion, including sensor interconnected and host, the sensor is any one of hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor, TEV sensor, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor, and the host includes the conditioner being electrically connected to each other, filter, amplifier, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak detector and data collection, analysis and display unit.The present invention is detected respectively using multi-signal, and automatic switching sensor according to demand, switchgear interior insulation state can be carried out to a variety of transducing signal comprehensive analysis, mutually confirmed, it avoids improving detection efficiency and detection accuracy using limitation present in single method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power more particularly to a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection systems of Multi-source Information Fusion
System.
Background technique
High-tension switch cabinet is the switchgear that quantity is most huge in electric system, carries the duty directly to customer power supply
Can, operating status is directly related to customer power supply reliability.For switchgear, in longtime running inevitably
The case where leading to insulation degradation because of aging, dampness, mechanical damage etc..According to statistics, the platform of accident is caused by switchgear insulation degradation
It is secondary to account for the 74% of 68% and the accident total capacity that switch total casual clearing station time.But the development of repair based on condition of component and the requirement of power supply reliability
People are made to be difficult to carry out power equipment the interruption maintenance in period, discovering device defect.The stable operation of switchgear is related to whole
The safety and stability of a power grid, and shelf depreciation not will lead to the connectivity breakdown of insulation generally in switchgear, but will cause electric Jie
The local damage of matter and the electrical strength of insulation dielectric reduce, i.e., shelf depreciation is a slow to the destruction of insulator arrangement
Development process also results in the increase of shelf depreciation number and discharge capacity, so with insulator arrangement and dielectric damage
Form a vicious circle.Therefore, seem necessary to the monitoring of shelf depreciation in switchgear, not only increase the confession of power grid
Electric safety, while also positive facilitation is played for the construction of smart grid.
Transient earth voltage method is widely used outside Current Domestic（TEV）Come to carry out switchgear band electrical measurement with supercritical ultrasonics technology
Examination.It is found by practice, TEV detection method is sensitive to equipment internal discharge and discharges device external insensitive；Ultrasound examination
Method discharges to device external sensitive and insensitive to equipment internal discharge.And high-tension switch cabinet live detection technology is still at present
The application of starting stage, switch cabinet partial discharge live detection technology are also limited only to reading data, empirical, subjective；Reason
By research also in the emulation tank body ideal defects simulation stage, defects simulation, research knot are not carried out for actual switch cabinet
Fruit is applied in actual switch cabinet that there are larger differences.
The problem of in view of the above method, it is therefore necessary to propose a kind of detection for gathering multiple types detection means
System, to make up defect existing in the prior art, can fast and accurately partial discharge of switchgear be examined by providing one kind
The system of survey.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency in the prior art, a kind of collection hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, super is provided
Sound wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor, TEV sensor, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor are one
The partial discharge of switchgear detection system of body, can support hyperfrequency, ultrasonic wave, high-frequency current, TEV, power frequency component and vibration etc.
The detection of six kinds of signals carries out multichannel synchronousing collection to the Partial Discharge Data of same switchgear, meets the reality of on-site test
Border demand.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion, including sensor interconnected and host, it is described
Sensor be hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor, TEV sensor,
Any one of power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor, the sensor are moveable, and the host includes mutually electric
Conditioner, filter, amplifier, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak detector and the analysis of connection and
Display unit, the sensor are connected with the input terminal of conditioner, 110V power supply of the power frequency component sensor from substation
Or PT secondary side directly extracts required power frequency component, after conditioning, filtering, amplification, examines to the partial discharge of switchgear
Examining system provides phase synchronized signal.
Preferably, the sensor further includes a preamplifier, and the sensor is defeated with the preamplifier
Enter end to be connected, the output end of the preamplifier is connected with the input terminal of the conditioner.
Preferably, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor is placed in switch cabinet bus and flanks ground wire, and hyperfrequency (UHF) passes
Sensor is placed on the front window or rear window of switchgear.
Preferably, the time constant of the smoothing filter is 1 μ s.
Preferably, hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is microstrip-type sensor.
Preferably, it is provided with zero cross detection circuit in the power frequency component sensor, for the zero crossing to synchronizing voltage
It is marked, then the output token signal in a manner of impulse wave, is recorded with the phase to local discharge signal.
Preferably, the sensor is attached by coaxial cable through BNC cable connector with host.
Preferably, the filter is bandpass filter, wherein the default setting of lower frequency limit is 10kHz, upper limiting frequency
Default setting be 100kHz.
Preferably, the host can be connected by wired or wireless way with computer.
Preferably, the signal gain of the amplifier is 40dB.
Benefit of the invention is that：
（1）Six kinds of signals such as hyperfrequency, ultrasonic wave, high-frequency current, TEV, power frequency component and vibration are detected respectively, and root
According to demand can automatic switching sensor, switchgear interior insulation state is subjected to a variety of transducing signal comprehensive analysis, mutually confirms, keeps away
Exempt to improve detection efficiency and detection accuracy using limitation present in single method；
（2）Increase power frequency component sensor, for synchronous reference phase needed for providing signal detection；
（3）By increase preamplifier, system can the very long coaxial cable of band, for detecting sufficiently bulky or being difficult to climb
The switchgear stepped on；
（4）By increasing smoothing filter, avoids noise spike and enter envelope generator and peak detector, and by high frequency
The influence of noise；
（5）The envelope curve that the signal that shelf depreciation generates is obtained by using wave detector and envelope generator, recycles peak
It is worth detector and extracts signal peak and phase property amount, greatly reduces the data volume of data processing and acquisition, effectively reduce
The complexity of system itself and its requirement to communication bandwidth, host processing power；
（6）Multiple groups part is carried out in different location to the same switchgear respectively by multiple and different partial discharge detecting sensors
Discharge examination carries out multichannel collecting to the Partial Discharge Data of same switchgear since these sensors are in same environment,
Testing result has across comparison；
（7）Since sensor is moveable, so that detection is quite convenient；
（8）Since sensor may be disposed at the inside of switchgear, outside environmental elements influence caused by it can be effectively avoided,
Its limitation that not will receive optics and infrared measurement of temperature, does not need loophole yet, improves the accuracy of testing result；
（9）The result that will test amplifies oscillography, so that testing result is quite intuitive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion, as shown in Figure 1, the system comprises sensors
And host, the sensor are interconnected by BNC cable connector coaxial cable with host.
The sensor is hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensing
Any one of device, TEV sensor, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor.
The host includes the conditioner being electrically connected to each other, filter, amplifier, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope
Generator, peak detector and analysis and display unit, the sensor are connected with the input terminal of conditioner.
Hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is microstrip-type sensor, 110V of the power frequency component sensor from substation
Power supply or PT secondary side directly extract required power frequency component, after conditioning, filtering, amplifying unit, to the switchgear office
Portion's discharging detecting system provides phase synchronized signal.It is provided with zero cross detection circuit in power frequency component sensor, for synchronization
The zero crossing of voltage is marked, then the output token signal in a manner of impulse wave, is carried out with the phase to local discharge signal
Record.
If switchgear is very big or is difficult to climb, sensor further includes a preamplifier, at this time the sensor
It is connect with the input terminal of the preamplifier, the output end of the preamplifier is connected with the input terminal of the conditioner.
By using long coaxial cable, the system can be made mobile flexibly, especially in the case where two people detect：One
People stands on the ground observation display screen, and another person climbs in switch cabinet body with sensor.
Fixed gain is critically important when detection, to avoid jammer signal, set 60dB gain can not have it is preferably sensitive
Degree, because background noise and sensor signal level all simultaneously amplify, it means that signal is to the ratio of noise independently of increasing
Benefit is a constant.When using 40dB gain, under continuous mode the cycle peak level of ambient noise usually in 0.4mV-1mV,
So recommending gain selection in 40dB when detection.
Conditioner is mainly to carry out A/D conversion, and logarithm after conversion to the signal that sensor picks up using A/D converter
According to progress pre-amplification.The purpose of filter is to remove low frequency and high-frequency noise.Since high frequency declines when signal is propagated in switchgear
Subtract more serious than low cut, with the method for increasing lower frequency limit, it is partial discharge on center conductor that user, which can identify,（Signal is bright
Aobvious decaying）.If in signal including low-frequency noise, can be excluded by increasing lower frequency limit.The frequency range of Partial discharge signal exists
20kHz to 80kHz, if the frequency of ambient noise is higher, it may be necessary to which higher lower frequency limit will be unable to survey bureau in this way
It puts, but still can measure and detect the particle of bounce.High-frequency Interference can be excluded by adjusting upper limiting frequency simultaneously, preferably
Most of high frequency noise is filtered off without making original signal by too big loss, it is proposed that be set as 100 kHz.In the present embodiment
Filter function completed by bandpass filter.The lower frequency limit of low pass is 10kHz, and maximum frequency is 500kHz, lower frequency limit
The default setting of rate is 10kHz, and the default setting of upper limiting frequency is 100kHz.
By audio signal or vision signal from high-frequency signal（Radio wave）In separate and cry demodulation, also cry detection.Width
The demodulation abbreviation detection of modulation is spent, effect is that distortionless detection modulated signal is come from Extent Modulate Wave.According to whether needing
Synchronization signal is wanted, detection can be divided into synchronous detection and envelope detection.
The detection of broad sense commonly referred to as demodulates, and is the inverse process of modulation, i.e., extracts the process of modulated signal from modulated wave.It is right
It is the process that modulated signal is extracted from its amplitude variations for amplitude-modulated wave；It is the frequency change detection tune from it to frequency-modulated wave
The process of signal processed；It is the process that modulated signal is extracted from its phase change to phase-modulated wave.The detection of narrow sense refers to from amplitude modulation
The process of the envelope extraction modulated signal of wave.Sometimes this detection is called envelope detection or amplitude detection.The principle of detection is：
First allow amplitude-modulated wave by wave detector, so that the pulsating current according to amplitude-modulated wave envelope variation is obtained, using a low-pass filter
Radio-frequency component is filtered off, the modulated signal of reflection amplitude modulation wave envelope is just obtained.
As shown in Figure 1, signal enters after host by amplification, filtering and detection.In order to obtain signal for information about also
Using envelope generator and peak detector.It is smoothing filter between wave detector and envelope generator, due to packet
Winding thread generator and peak detector response quickly, and can be influenced by high-frequency noise, especially shorter when the pulse duration
When, such as amplifier noise.It does not need smoothly, but can be obtained using smooth signal in some cases higher under normal conditions
Sensitivity.Smothing filtering is a kind of arithmetic mean of instantaneous value generator, if smooth high, the result is that the arithmetic average of input signal
Value.The smothing filtering of signal has clipped some highest frequencies of signal, and the spike of signal is removed, such as amplifier is made an uproar
Sound.The time constant of smoothing filter must be adjusted to the upper limiting frequency of filter, to survey it to frequency response and peak value
Amount does not have much affect.When 1 μ s of smothing filtering time constant, 1MHz frequencies above can be filtered off.
The effect of envelope generator is the signal generated at the top of track smoothing filter circuit output signal, and the signal is at any time
Between constant attenuation, time constant directly affects the measurement of envelope frequency component, which should be arranged in this way：Even if
Envelope to track peak value excessive without making to fall between peak value, while can not be too slow.In other words, envelope is to inspection
The measurement of wave and filtered signal peak.Be arranged it is necessary when suitable time constant because it will affect frequency component
Measurement.
The signal of peak detector envelope works, and there are two identical peak detector, one when pulse is opened the door
Interior work, for the amplitude and phase diagram of detected envelope line, another is measured in 25ms or 75 ms, continuously to be surveyed
The cycle peak of amount mode.
The correct position for placing sensor on switchgear is selected to be important.Its basic principle is all independent gas chambers
Must at least there be a measurement point, this is because insulator and flange make signal obviously decay；Have one between every two flange
A measurement point is also necessary；According to the place selection measurement point that may have particle, usually they are towards possible minimum in gas chamber
Point movement.General the most useful position includes：
Disconnecting switch：In disconnecting switch, there may be free metal particle, other moving components may also be generated for contact
Grain；
Earthing switch：It is similar with disconnecting switch；
Breaker：Moving component may generate particle；
Isolated insulation/the insulator being horizontally mounted：Vertical disconnecting switch and shell has the insulator being horizontally mounted, particle
It is likely to remain on these insulators and generates partial discharge.
During atual detection, since switchgear is close-packed arrays one by one, sensor generally can only
It is placed in the front and back of switchgear, two sides are generally unable to placement sensor.It is also contemplated that system earth simultaneously, therefore,
When sensor is high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor, switch cabinet bus should be placed it in and flank ground wire, and when sensor is super
When high frequency (UHF) sensor, it can place it on the front window or rear window of switchgear, it, then can be according to upper if it is other sensors
It states principle and detection needs to be moved to different positions.
Analysis and display unit are, generation two dimension and/or 3-D graphic for statistical analysis to testing result.If electric field
Coulomb force be more than gravity.Particle will move up and down, and each particles hit switch cabinet shell body just generates the transient state in a broadband
Ping, it carrys out back propagation in shell.Acoustical signal from this particle is the partial discharge and particles collision shell of particle end
Mixed signal.After identification signal is caused by particle, so that it may carry out impulsive measurement, impulsive measurement mode records collision
The peak value of signal, while timer start recording time.It is recorded in the previous collision measured and timer has resetted
Next signal is just received afterwards, while having measured the time since power frequency presses zero crossing.If measurement continues, these notes
Record will generate a tables of data.And these data recorded are shown on a display screen in a manner of stain, until measuring
1000 collisions, this is the typical module of bounce particle in order to obtain, and pendulous frequency is answered enough.
Meanwhile according to the correlation of operating frequency phase and spectrogram, to the air gap of switchgear, suspension, vibration, along the various offices such as face
Portion's electric discharge type carries out comprehensive descision.Meanwhile developing intellectual resource spectrum analysis function.By the comparison of spectrogram planting modes on sink characteristic waveform, learn
It practises, the study of achievable intelligence spectrogram library and classification, under the premise of being not necessarily to manual intervention, spectrogram AI self study is completed by algorithm,
Realize failure spy judgement and processing.
For the function of extending this system, the host can be connected by wired or wireless way with computer, by Host Detection
Obtained data are transferred to computer, and the power of computer is recycled to carry out subsequent processing.
The present invention examines six kinds of signals such as hyperfrequency, ultrasonic wave, high-frequency current, TEV, power frequency component and vibration respectively
Survey, and according to demand can automatic switching sensor, switchgear interior insulation state is subjected to a variety of transducing signal comprehensive analysis, mutually
Confirmation avoids improving detection efficiency and detection accuracy using limitation present in single method.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion, it is characterised in that：Including sensing interconnected
Device and host, the sensor are hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensing
Any one of device, TEV sensor, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor, the sensor is moveable, the master
Machine includes the conditioner being electrically connected to each other, filter, amplifier, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak value inspection
It surveys device and analysis and display unit, the sensor is connected with the input terminal of conditioner, the power frequency component sensor is from power transformation
The 110V power supply or PT secondary side stood directly extract required power frequency component, after conditioning, filtering, amplification, to the switch
Cabinet partial discharge detecting system provides phase synchronized signal.
2. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The sensor further includes a preamplifier, and the sensor is connected with the input terminal of the preamplifier, before described
The output end for setting amplifier is connected with the input terminal of the conditioner.
3. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
High-frequency current (HFCT) sensor is placed in switch cabinet bus and flanks ground wire, and hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is placed in switchgear
On front window or rear window.
4. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The time constant of the smoothing filter is 1 μ s.
5. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is microstrip-type sensor.
6. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
It is provided with zero cross detection circuit in the power frequency component sensor, is marked for the zero crossing to synchronizing voltage, then with arteries and veins
The mode output token signal for rushing wave, is recorded with the phase to local discharge signal.
7. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The sensor is attached by coaxial cable through BNC cable connector with host.
8. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The filter is bandpass filter, wherein the default setting of lower frequency limit is 10kHz, and the default setting of upper limiting frequency is
100kHz。
9. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The host can be connected by wired or wireless way with computer.
10. a kind of partial discharge of switchgear detection system of Multi-source Information Fusion according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The signal gain of the amplifier is 40dB.
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| CN109459674A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-12 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of partial discharge of switchgear multinode monitoring system synchronization device |
| CN109507556A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 国网山东省电力公司高密市供电公司 | MDS type switchgear fault detection alarm device |
| CN111856224A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-30 | 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 | Partial discharge multi-source fusion detection system and method for high-voltage switch cabinet |
| CN112014700A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-01 | 武汉大学 | GIS insulator defect identification method and system based on partial discharge multi-information fusion |
| SE2330024A1 (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-18 | Utu Oy | Substation monitoring system |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |