CN108680843A - A kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology - Google Patents
A kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108680843A CN108680843A CN201810954784.XA CN201810954784A CN108680843A CN 108680843 A CN108680843 A CN 108680843A CN 201810954784 A CN201810954784 A CN 201810954784A CN 108680843 A CN108680843 A CN 108680843A
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- switch cabinet
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1209—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology, include the following steps：（1）Sensor is installed, the signal that sensor picks up is subjected to conditioning and V/f is converted；（2）Transformed signal is sent to wireless receiving module by wireless sending module, and signal is sent to V/f converters, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak detector, A/D converter and central processing unit successively and is handled；（3）Handling result is sent to memory, alarm and display unit respectively and carries out final process.The present invention synchronizes detection to multi-signal, and comprehensive analysis is mutually confirmed, and the accuracy for judging that partial discharge occurs is improved.Signal is detected in particular by wireless way for transmitting, has liberated tester, the dilatory of live line is avoided, improves safety, the reliability of test.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power more particularly to a kind of partial discharge of switchgear inspections based on Radio Transmission Technology
Survey method.
Background technology
High-tension switch cabinet is the switchgear that quantity is most huge in electric system, carries the duty directly to customer power supply
Can, operating status is directly related to customer power supply reliability.For switchgear, in longtime running inevitably
Because aging, make moist, mechanical damage etc. leads to insulation degradation the case where.According to statistics, the platform of accident is caused by switchgear insulation degradation
It is secondary to account for the 74% of 68% and the accident total capacity that switch total casual clearing station time.But the development of repair based on condition of component and the requirement of power supply reliability
It is difficult the interruption maintenance that the period is carried out to power equipment, discovering device defect to make people.The stable operation of switchgear is related to whole
The safety and stability of a power grid, and shelf depreciation will not generally lead to the connectivity breakdown of insulation in switchgear, but electric Jie can be caused
The local damage of matter and the electrical strength of insulation dielectric reduce, i.e., shelf depreciation is a slow to the destruction of insulator arrangement
Evolution also results in the increase of shelf depreciation number and discharge capacity, so with insulator arrangement and dielectric damage
Form a vicious circle.Therefore, seem necessary to the monitoring of shelf depreciation in switchgear, not only increase the confession of power grid
Electric safety, while also positive facilitation is played for the construction of intelligent grid.
The shelf depreciation of switchgear can generally relate to various features signal, such as TEV (electric wave) signal, electromagnetic radiation letter
Number and ultrasonic signal etc..In test by the contrast test to any of the above signal whether generation to determine partial discharge.Often
It needs to multi-signal alternately testing, it is desired to be able to which mutually confirmation to judge whether partial discharge of switchgear occurs, and determines office
Size high-volume.Transformative transducer or test equipment are needed in test, this on-the-spot test brings constant, also influence test
Precision.
Not necessarily persistently occur due to the generation of partial discharge, there is the possibility discontinuously occurred, is surveyed when with a kind of sensor
After the completion of examination, then a kind of sensor or instrument test are changed, perhaps will lose discharge information, this is one；Also it is exactly such as
Fruit measures these three signals respectively, then can't see the correlation of these three signals when partial discharge occurs；The electric discharge of different instrument tests
Signal just has difference due to the difference of hardware circuit design, the difference of data processing method, the feature of discharge signal.These because
Element can all influence that partial discharge detection is handled as a result, causing certain difficulty to making accurate judgment.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency in the prior art, a kind of collection superelevation based on Radio Transmission Technology is provided
Frequently (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor, TEV sensors, power frequency component sensing
The method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet that device and vibrating sensor are integrated, can support hyperfrequency, ultrasonic wave, high-frequency current,
The detection of the multi-signals such as TEV, power frequency component and vibration carries out multi-channel synchronous to the Partial Discharge Data of same switchgear and adopts
Collection, meets the actual demand of Site Detection.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology, includes the following steps：
S1：Sensor is installed in each measurement point of switchgear, the signal that the sensor is picked up carries out conditioning and V/f turns
It changes；
S2：The transformed signals of the V/f are sent to wireless receiving module by wireless sending module, and signal is sent successively
To V/f converters, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak detector, A/D converter and central processing unit into
Row processing；
S3：Above-mentioned handling result is sent to memory, alarm and display unit respectively and carries out final process.
Preferably, the sensor is hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current
(HFCT) one or more of sensor, TEV sensors, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor.
Preferably, the power frequency component sensor directly extracts required work from the 110V power supplys or PT secondary sides of substation
Frequency signal is responsible for providing phase synchronized signal after treatment.
Preferably, the TEV sensors are the bilayer copper clad plate of 1mm thickness, and operational mode is capacitance coupling type, is picked up
The frequency range of signal is 3 ~ 100MHz, amplitude measurement ranging from 0 ~ 60dBmV, resolution ratio 1dB.
Preferably, the ultrasonic sensor is R15I-AST Sensor sonacs or piezoelectric type water proof type ultrasound
Sensor 40RS/UT180, working frequency 80-200kHz, centre frequency 40kHz, amplitude measurement ranging from 0 ~ 60dBuV,
Resolution ratio is 1dB.
Preferably, hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is microstrip-type sensor.
Preferably, the conditioning includes two functions of filtering and amplification, and the signal gain of the enlarging function is 40dB.
Preferably, the wireless sending module and wireless receiving module are all made of JN5139 chips.
Preferably, the filter function uses the karr filter method based on wavelet analysis.
Preferably, the central processing unit is the A6-7310 of AMD series.Preferably, the conditioning includes filtering and amplification
Two functions.
Benefit of the invention is that：
（1）Detection, and root are synchronized to multi-signals such as hyperfrequency, ultrasonic wave, high-frequency current, TEV, power frequency component and vibrations
It can automatically switch according to demand, switchgear interior insulation state is subjected to a variety of transducing signal comprehensive analysis, is mutually confirmed, is improved and sentence
The accuracy that disconnected partial discharge occurs；
（2）Detection signal is transmitted to host using wireless mode, tester has been liberated, has avoided the dilatory of live line, carry
The high safety of test, reliability.
（3）Have using wireless way for transmitting signal, between survey crew and high voltage installation it is good be isolated, make equipment and
The safety of survey crew can be guaranteed, while there is no the equivalent sex chromosome mosaicisms of online result and offline result；
（4）Increase power frequency component sensor, for providing the synchronous reference phase needed for signal detection；
（5）Using the karr filter method based on wavelet analysis, the to the maximum extent influence of wiping out background noise；
（6）By increasing smoothing filter, avoids noise spike and enter envelope generator and peak detector, and by high frequency
The influence of noise；
（7）The envelope curve that the signal that shelf depreciation generates is obtained by using wave detector and envelope generator, recycles peak
It is worth detector extraction signal peak and phase property amount, greatly reduces the data volume of data processing and acquisition, effectively reduce
The complexity of system itself and its requirement to communication bandwidth, host processing power；
（8）Multigroup part is carried out in different location to the same switchgear by multiple and different partial discharge detecting sensors respectively
Discharge examination carries out multichannel collecting since these sensors are in same environment to the Partial Discharge Data of same switchgear,
Testing result has across comparison；
（9）Since sensor may be disposed at the inside of switchgear, outside environmental elements can be effectively avoided to be influenced caused by it,
It will not be limited by optics and infrared measurement of temperature, also not need loophole, improve the accuracy of testing result；
（10）Testing result fully digitalization shows that interface is more intuitive, succinct, full-featured；
（11）Using V/f conversion sensor signal is converted, can effectively limiting circuitry temperature to small voltage signal transmission
Influence, reduce error.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology, as shown in Figure 1, including the following steps：
S1：Sensor is installed in each measurement point of switchgear, the signal that the sensor is picked up carries out conditioning and V/f turns
It changes；
The sensor is mainly used for picking up the various detection signals inside and outside switchgear, including hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, super
In sound wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor, TEV sensors, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor
It is one or more of.Wherein：
Hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is microstrip-type sensor, 110V power supply of the power frequency component sensor from substation
Or PT secondary sides directly extract required power frequency component, are responsible for providing phase synchronized signal after treatment.Power frequency component senses
It is provided with zero cross detection circuit in device, is marked for the zero crossing to synchronizing voltage, then exports mark in a manner of impulse wave
Remember signal, is recorded with the phase to local discharge signal.
The TEV sensors are the bilayer copper clad plate of 1mm thickness, and operational mode is capacitance coupling type, institute's pickoff signals
Frequency range be 3 ~ 100MHz, amplitude measurement ranging from 0 ~ 60dBmV, resolution ratio 1dB.
R15I-AST Sensor sonacs or piezoelectric type water proof type ultrasonic sensing can be used in the ultrasonic sensor
Device 40RS/UT180, working frequency 80-200kHz, centre frequency 40kHz, amplitude measurement ranging from 0 ~ 60dBuV are differentiated
Rate is 1dB, makes full use of the selecting frequency characteristic of ultrasonic sensor itself to reduce the complexity of circuit.
The correct position for placing sensor on switchgear is selected to be important.Its basic principle is all independent gas chambers
At least necessary there are one measurement points, this is because insulator and flange make signal obviously decay；Have one between each two flange
A measurement point is also necessary；According to the place selection measurement point that may have particle, usually they are towards possible minimum in gas chamber
Point movement.General the most useful position includes：
Disconnecting switch：In disconnecting switch, there may be free metal particle, other moving components may also generate for contact
Grain；
Earthing switch：It is similar with disconnecting switch；
Breaker：Moving component may generate particle；
Isolated insulation/the insulator being horizontally mounted：Vertical disconnecting switch and shell has the insulator being horizontally mounted, particle
It is likely to remain on these insulators and generates partial discharge.
During atual detection, the position of hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor can be placed in cabinet door gap connected to the cabinet body
On the front window or rear window of place or switchgear, there is shielding action to electromagnetic wave since switchgear is a metal cabinet according to experiment,
Therefore hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is placed at cabinet door gap connected to the cabinet body or on the front window or rear window of switchgear, neither
The receiving of signal is interfered, and can be to avoid the interference of other signals.If hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is placed in switchgear,
Sensor should use planar equiangular spiral antenna, and the signal frequency range of detection is 300MHZ-2GHZ.And high-frequency current
(HFCT) sensor should be placed in switch cabinet bus side ground wire, while should be separately installed with ultrasonic wave at four angles of switchgear
Sensor.Other sensors then can need to be moved to different positions according to above-mentioned principle and detection.
The conditioning is mainly used for that the signal that sensor assembly picks up is amplified and is filtered, to reduce due to depositing
Error caused by serious interface decaying is caused in air borne medium, and resists the interference of various ambient noises.Mainly
Including filtering and amplifying two functions.Due to each signal how much all can some background noises, the purpose of filtering be remove it is low
Frequency and high-frequency noise.Since high frequency attenuation is more serious than low cut when signal is propagated in switchgear, with increase lower frequency limit
Method, it is partial discharge on center conductor that user, which can identify,（Signal is obviously decayed）.It, can if in signal including low-frequency noise
It is excluded by increasing lower frequency limit.The frequency range of Partial discharge signal in 20kHz to 80kHz, if the frequency of ambient noise compared with
It is high, it may be necessary to which that higher lower frequency limit cannot measure partial discharge, but still can measure and detect the particle of bounce in this way.
High-frequency Interference can be excluded by adjusting upper limiting frequency simultaneously, preferably filter off most of high frequency noise without making original signal
By too big loss, it is proposed that be set as 100 kHz.Filter function in the present embodiment is completed by bandpass filter, and is used
Karr filter method based on wavelet analysis.The lower frequency limit of low pass is 10kHz, and maximum frequency is 500kHz, lower frequency limit
Default setting be 10kHz, the default setting of upper limiting frequency is 100kHz, thus can filter out back of the body noise to the maximum extent
It influences.Meanwhile data are handled by the way of filtering, be conducive to the authenticity for improving data.
When being amplified to signal, the setting of gain is critically important.The gain for such as setting 60dB can not have better spirit
Sensitivity, because background noise and sensor signal level all simultaneously amplify, it means that signal to the ratio of noise independently of
Gain is a constant.When using 40dB gains, the cycle peak level of ambient noise is usually in 0.4mV- under continuous mode
1mV, so, the gain amplifier that the present embodiment is recommended is selected in 40dB, thus can be to avoid jammer signal.
The sensor acquisition of this six type of the present invention is different types of signal, and each advantageous, it is possible to
Learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses.For example, TEV sensors and uhf sensor have higher sensitivity, can be examined having faint electric discharge
It measures, but the noise of live some electromagnetic interferences sometimes simultaneously, it is that cannot sentence only to lean on TEV sensors and uhf sensor
It is disconnected that shelf depreciation whether occurs, therefore secondary-confirmation can be carried out with ultrasonic sensor.In addition, TEV signals and hyperfrequency
Signal is the signal of different frequency, and the monitoring frequency of TEV signals is relatively low, and the monitoring frequency of ultra-high frequency signal is relatively high,
Electric discharge for single not necessarily can all generate both discharge signals, therefore can more accurately using both methods
Detect electric discharge.Ultrasonic wave is compared with TEV and hyperfrequency has certain advantage in terms of positioning simultaneously, but because the velocity of sound is significantly lower than
The velocity of wave of electromagnetic wave, therefore first signal that can be monitored using TEV or ultra-high frequency signal is as when the starting of electric discharge
It carves, carries out shelf depreciation point location.
Carry out V/f conversions purpose be applied signal voltage being converted into corresponding frequency signal, facilitate sensor to believe
Number transmission.Since the voltage signal of sensor pickup is smaller, influenced by line temperature by being easy when line transmission,
Lead to error.If through overvoltage/frequency convert after transmit again, effect will be improved significantly.In addition, sensor signal is passed through
After pressure/frequency transformation, is counted through microcontroller, facilitate sampling of the computer to sensor, carry out Computer signal processing.Meanwhile V/f
The circuit ratio A/D conversions of conversion are simple.In this implementation process, the TC9401 types of Telcom companies may be selected in V/f converters
With the AD650 types of ADI companies, both models be not only operable with V/f patterns, but also were operable with f/V.
S2：The transformed signals of the V/f are sent to wireless receiving module by wireless sending module, and by signal according to
It is secondary to be sent to V/f converters, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak detector, A/D converter and central processing
Device is handled；
In the present embodiment, JN5139 chips can be used in the wireless sending module and wireless receiving module.
By audio signal or vision signal from high-frequency signal（Radio wave）In separate and cry demodulation, also cry detection.Width
The demodulation abbreviation detection of modulation is spent, effect is that distortionless detection modulated signal is come from Extent Modulate Wave.According to whether needing
Want synchronizing signal, detection that can be divided into synchronous detection and envelope detection.
The detection of broad sense commonly referred to as demodulates, and is the inverse process of modulation, i.e., extracts the process of modulated signal from modulated wave.It is right
It is the process that modulated signal is extracted from its amplitude variations for amplitude-modulated wave；It is the frequency change detection tune from it to frequency-modulated wave
The process of signal processed；It is the process that modulated signal is extracted from its phase change to phase-modulated wave.The detection of narrow sense refers to from amplitude modulation
The process of the envelope extraction modulated signal of wave.Sometimes this detection is called envelope detection or amplitude detection.The principle of detection is：
Amplitude-modulated wave is first allowed to pass through wave detector, to obtain the pulsating current according to amplitude-modulated wave envelope variation, using a low-pass filter
Radio-frequency component is filtered off, the modulated signal of reflection amplitude modulation wave envelope is just obtained.
Signal additionally uses envelope generator and peak detector for information about in order to obtain.In wave detector and envelope
It is smoothing filter between line generator, quickly due to envelope generator and peak detector response, and can be by high-frequency noise
Influence, especially when the pulse duration is short, such as amplifier noise.Under normal conditions need not be smooth, but at certain
In the case of a little higher sensitivity can be obtained using smooth signal.Smothing filtering is a kind of arithmetic mean of instantaneous value generator, if flat
It is sliding high, then the result is that the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of input signal.The smothing filtering of signal has clipped some highest frequencies of signal, and handle
The spike of signal removes, for example, amplifier noise.The time constant of smoothing filter must be adjusted to the upper limit frequency of filter
Rate, to make it not have much affect frequency response and peak value measurement.When 1 μ s of smothing filtering time constant, 1 can be filtered off
MHz frequencies above.
The effect of envelope generator is the signal generated at the top of track smoothing filter circuit output signal, and the signal is at any time
Between constant attenuation, time constant directly affects the measurement of envelope frequency component, which should be arranged in this way：Even if
Envelope to track peak value excessive without making to fall between peak value, while can not be too slow.In other words, envelope is to inspection
The measurement of wave and filtered signal peak.Be arranged it is necessary when suitable time constant because it can influence frequency component
It measures.
The signal of peak detector envelope works, and there are two identical peak detectors, and one when pulse is opened the door
Interior work is used for the amplitude and phase diagram of detected envelope line, another is measured in 25ms or 75 ms, continuously to be surveyed
The cycle peak of amount mode.
A/D converter is used to the partial discharge characteristic signal that peak detector exports being converted into digital signal.Although A/D is converted
Circuit ratio V/f conversion circuits it is complicated, but its precision is higher than V/f conversion circuits.So selecting A/D converter that can carry
Precision of the high system to data processing.
The digital signal that central processing unit is used to export A/D converter carries out data analysis and process.In the present embodiment,
The central processing unit is using AMD series, concrete model A6-7310.
S3：Above-mentioned handling result is sent to memory, alarm and display unit respectively and carries out final process.
Memory treated for storing central processing unit result data.It is alert when testing result exceeds parameter preset
Report device is issued by hydropac.And display unit is then used to show central processing unit treated data.It is described in the present embodiment
STN dot-matrix liquid crystal display modules may be used in display unit.
The present invention synchronizes inspection to multi-signals such as hyperfrequency, ultrasonic wave, high-frequency current, TEV, power frequency component and vibrations
It surveys, and can automatically switch according to demand, switchgear interior insulation state is subjected to a variety of transducing signal comprehensive analysis, is mutually confirmed,
Improve the accuracy for judging that partial discharge occurs.Signal is detected in particular by wireless way for transmitting, tester has been liberated, has avoided
Live line it is dilatory, improve safety, the reliability of test.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1：Sensor is installed in each measurement point of switchgear, the signal that the sensor is picked up carries out conditioning and V/f turns
It changes；
S2：The transformed signals of the V/f are sent to wireless receiving module by wireless sending module, and signal is sent successively
To V/f converters, wave detector, smoothing filter, envelope generator, peak detector, A/D converter and central processing unit into
Row processing；
S3：Above-mentioned handling result is sent to memory, alarm and display unit respectively and carries out final process.
2. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 1, feature
It is：The sensor be hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor, ultrasonic wave (AE) sensor, high-frequency current (HFCT) sensor,
One or more of TEV sensors, power frequency component sensor and vibrating sensor.
3. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 2, feature
It is：The power frequency component sensor directly extracts required power frequency component, warp from the 110V power supplys or PT secondary sides of substation
It is responsible for providing phase synchronized signal after crossing processing.
4. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 2, feature
It is：The TEV sensors are the bilayer copper clad plate of 1mm thickness, and operational mode is capacitance coupling type, the frequency of institute's pickoff signals
Ranging from 3 ~ 100MHz, amplitude measurement ranging from 0 ~ 60dBmV, resolution ratio 1dB.
5. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 2, feature
It is：The ultrasonic sensor is R15I-AST Sensor sonacs or piezoelectric type water proof type sonac
40RS/UT180, working frequency 80-200kHz, centre frequency 40kHz, amplitude measurement ranging from 0 ~ 60dBuV, resolution ratio
For 1dB.
6. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 2, feature
It is：Hyperfrequency (UHF) sensor is microstrip-type sensor.
7. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 1, feature
It is：The conditioning includes two functions of filtering and amplification, and the signal gain of the enlarging function is 40dB.
8. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 1, feature
It is：The wireless sending module and wireless receiving module are all made of JN5139 chips.
9. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 7, feature
It is：The filter function uses the karr filter method based on wavelet analysis.
10. a kind of method for detection of partial discharge of switch cabinet based on Radio Transmission Technology according to claim 1, feature
It is：The central processing unit is the A6-7310 of AMD series.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111638432A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 国网山东省电力公司烟台供电公司 | Automatic switch cabinet partial discharge detection equipment based on ultrahigh frequency detection method |
| CN113405788A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-17 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | On-load tap-changer mechanical state monitoring method based on waveform trend information |
| SE2330024A1 (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-18 | Utu Oy | Substation monitoring system |
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Application publication date: 20181019 |