CN108918904A - A kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918904A CN108918904A CN201810768329.0A CN201810768329A CN108918904A CN 108918904 A CN108918904 A CN 108918904A CN 201810768329 A CN201810768329 A CN 201810768329A CN 108918904 A CN108918904 A CN 108918904A
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- seed
- discharge plate
- vehicle terminal
- terminal device
- seeding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
- G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
- G01P3/487—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
- G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device and method.The monitoring device is connect with precision planter, and monitoring device includes：Seed spreads induction device, on-vehicle terminal device and discharge plate speed measuring module；Seed spread induction device include, seed stream transmission channel, Laser emission mould group, photelectric receiver and signal processing circuit；Laser emission mould group and photelectric receiver are relatively arranged on the two sides of seed stream transmission channel；Signal processing circuit is used to received voltage signal being converted to seeding pulse sequence signal, and seeding pulse sequence signal is transmitted to on-vehicle terminal device；Discharge plate speed measuring module is used to monitor the revolving speed of discharge plate；The input terminal of on-vehicle terminal device is also connect with the signal output end of discharge plate speed measuring module；On-vehicle terminal device is used to determine sowing parameter according to the revolving speed of seeding pulse sequence signal and discharge plate.Using monitoring device of the present invention or method, can get middle small particle seed sowing includes the seedings information such as the amount of broadcasting and broadcast leakage state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical fields, more particularly to a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device and side
Method.
Background technique
Seeding operation is very important link in agricultural production process, it is necessary to according to agricultural technology require accomplish in due course,
In right amount, meet nonagronomic environment condition, crop is made to obtain good growth and development basis.Currently, small particle seed is sowed in majority
The flow process of seed is in closed state when machine seeding operation, and seeding operation quality mainly passes through the emergence of observation later period at this stage
Situation judges, and the amount of the broadcasting situation of precision drilling mainly passes through kind of an amount variation in plants case and calculates and obtains.
Existing precision drilling monitoring device is to carry out embedded development based on 8 or 16 single-chip microcontrollers mostly, because of resource
It is restricted, the monitoring device of single computer is only able to achieve the monitoring of the multichannel amount of broadcasting or the sowing status monitoring of single channel, can not
Realize a device monitoring multichannel sowing state.Therefore, when being monitored to multichannel sowing state, monitoring device is generallyd use
The structure of previous-next position machine, the next single-chip microcontroller are connected with sensing detection device, realize acquisition, the processing of data；Upper detection dress
The summarizing of chip microcontroller data in setting, the display of information is interacted with user.The mode due to per all the way sensing detection all
An individual single-chip microcontroller is needed, multiple single-chip microcontrollers reduce the reliability of entire Multi-channel monitoring system, real-time, another aspect
Increase cost.And whole device is limited to the limitation of platform, resource, module volume, it is difficult to realize further functions expanding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device and methods, with granule in acquisition
The seedings information such as the amount of broadcasting and broadcast leakage state of the sowing of diameter seed, improve monitoring efficiency.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes：
A kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device, the monitoring device are connect with precision planter, the prison
Surveying device includes：Seed spreads induction device, on-vehicle terminal device and discharge plate speed measuring module；
The seed spreads induction device：At seed stream transmission channel, Laser emission mould group, photelectric receiver and signal
Manage circuit；The Laser emission mould group and the photelectric receiver are relatively arranged on the two sides of the seed stream transmission channel；Institute
The input terminal for stating signal processing circuit is connect with the output end of the photelectric receiver, the output end of the signal processing circuit with
The input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device connects, and the signal processing circuit is used to received voltage signal being converted to seeding arteries and veins
Sequence signal is rushed, and the seeding pulse sequence signal is transmitted to the on-vehicle terminal device；
The discharge plate speed measuring module is connect with the discharge plate of the precision planter, and the discharge plate speed measuring module is used for
Monitor the revolving speed of the discharge plate；
The input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device is also connect with the signal output end of the discharge plate speed measuring module；The vehicle
Mounted terminal device is used to determine broadcasting for precision drilling process according to the revolving speed of the seeding pulse sequence signal and the discharge plate
Kind parameter.
Optionally, the on-vehicle terminal device specifically includes：Microcomputer comprising multiple GPIO pins and touch are aobvious
Display screen；The microcomputer spreads induction device with multiple seeds by multiple GPIO pins and connect；It is described miniature
Computer determines that essence amount is broadcast for being analyzed and processed to the seeding pulse sequence signal, and according to the revolving speed of the discharge plate
The sowing parameter of kind process, is also used to drive the sowing parameter of the touch display screen real-time display precision drilling process.
Optionally, the microcomputer receives multichannel seeding pulse sequence signal simultaneously by multithreading, to more
Seeding pulse sequence signal in road carries out parallel processing.
Optionally, the on-vehicle terminal device spreads induction device with multiple seeds by Micro-USB interface and connect.
Optionally, the on-vehicle terminal device further includes：Power supply unit, fan and package casing；Said supply unit is used
It powers in for the on-vehicle terminal device and described kind of subflow monitoring device；The fan is scattered for carrying out to on-vehicle terminal device
Heat, the package casing are used to encapsulate each element inside the on-vehicle terminal device.
Optionally, said supply unit specifically includes：Lithium battery, power switch, Micro-USB interface VBUS and GND
Pin, power supply indicator, the VBUS and GND pin of Micro-USB interface are used to spread the confession of induction device for multiple seeds
Electricity；The power switch is used to control the power supply state of the lithium battery；The power supply indicator is used to indicate the lithium battery
Power supply state.
Optionally, the seed spreads induction device and further includes：Enter kind of a mouth, conduit, go out kind of a mouth, package casing and lead wire outlet；
It is described enter kind of mouth docked with the mouth of charging seed of the precision planter；The upper port of the conduit with it is described enter kind of mouth it is close
Envelope docking, the lower port of the conduit are docked with kind of the mouth out；The package casing is used to the seed spreading induction device
Internal each component encapsulation；The seed spreads induction device and is connect by the lead wire outlet with the on-vehicle terminal device.
The present invention also provides a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring method, the monitoring method includes：
Obtain the seeding pulse sequence signal that seed in monitoring device spreads induction device output；The monitoring device includes：
Seed spreads induction device, on-vehicle terminal device and discharge plate speed measuring module；The seed spreads induction device：Seed spreads defeated
Channel, Laser emission mould group, photelectric receiver and signal processing circuit；The Laser emission mould group and the photelectric receiver phase
To the two sides for being set to the seed stream transmission channel；The input terminal of the signal processing circuit is defeated with the photelectric receiver
Outlet connection, the output end of the signal processing circuit are connect with the input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device, the signal processing
Circuit is used to received voltage signal being converted to seeding pulse sequence signal, and the seeding pulse sequence signal is transmitted to
The on-vehicle terminal device；The discharge plate speed measuring module is connect with the discharge plate of the precision planter, and the discharge plate is surveyed
Fast module is used to monitor the revolving speed of the discharge plate；The input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device also with the discharge plate speed measuring module
Signal output end connection；
Obtain the revolving speed of the discharge plate of the discharge plate speed measuring module output；
According to the revolving speed of the seeding pulse sequence signal and the discharge plate, the sowing ginseng of precision drilling process is determined
Number；The sowing parameter includes：It is every to sow the corresponding amount of broadcasting, dropping frequency, the qualification calculated based on average time interval all the way
Index, broadcast leakage index, the broadcast leakage coefficient based on time-varying window calculation and seeding disk rotating speed, dropping frequency curve.
Optionally, the seeding pulse sequence signal for obtaining seed in monitoring device and spreading induction device output, before also
Including：
Obtain seed particle size to be sowed；
Judge whether seed particle size to be sowed is greater than setting partial size threshold value；
When the seed particle size wait sow is greater than setting partial size threshold value, according to the seed particle size to be sowed, really
The fixed seed spreads the duration of the interrupt latency of induction device；
It opens the seed and spreads induction device；
When the seed particle size wait sow is no more than setting partial size threshold value, opens the seed and spread induction device.
Optionally, the revolving speed according to the seeding pulse sequence signal and the discharge plate, determines precision drilling
The sowing parameter of journey further includes later：
Obtain the feature operation that user clicks；
According to the feature operation that the user clicks, corresponding sowing parameter is shown and saved.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects：
Seed of the invention spreads induction device makes the output voltage signal of kind of subflow generate disturbance by seed partition optical path,
Processing formation seeding pulse sequence signal corresponding with seeding kind subflow by signal processing circuit, in on-vehicle terminal device
The seeding pulse sequence signal and discharge plate that induction device is spread from multichannel seed are turned based on the microcomputer of linux system
Fast signal is acquired and handles in real time, and the broadcast leakages such as the amount of the broadcasting information of real-time display multiway and qualified index, broadcast leakage coefficient are related
State parameter and seeding disk rotating speed realize the preservation of seeding process initial data.Monitoring device of the invention is at low cost, reliability
Height provides technical support for the networking and elimination broadcast leakage of rear continued broadcasting amount information.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of seeding monitoring device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall schematic that seed spreads induction device in seeding monitoring device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the overall schematic of on-vehicle terminal device in seeding monitoring device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of seeding detection method of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram that sowing parameter is determined in seeding detection method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of seeding monitoring device of the present invention.The monitoring device is connect with precision planter, is such as schemed
Shown in 1, the monitoring device includes：Seed spreads induction device 1, on-vehicle terminal device 2 and discharge plate speed measuring module (not to be marked in figure
Know).On-vehicle terminal device 2 can spread induction device 1 with multiple seeds and connect, and can be realized simultaneously the seeding detection of multichannel.Institute
It states discharge plate speed measuring module to connect with the discharge plate of the precision planter, the discharge plate speed measuring module is for monitoring the row
The revolving speed of discharge plate.The input terminal and seed of the on-vehicle terminal device 2 spread the signal output end and the discharge plate of induction device 1
The signal output end of speed measuring module is all connected with, for spreading seeding pulse sequence signal and the row of the transmission of induction device 1 according to seed
The revolving speed of discharge plate determines the sowing parameter of precision planter.
Fig. 2 is the overall schematic that seed spreads induction device in seeding monitoring device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is present invention sowing prison
The overall schematic for surveying on-vehicle terminal device in device does specific description to monitoring device of the invention in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Seed spreads induction device and is detected for centering small particle seed, and device connects comprising Laser emission mould group, photoelectricity
Receive device, signal processing circuit.The Laser emission mould group and the photelectric receiver are relatively arranged on the seed and spread defeated lead to
The two sides in road, for small particle precision planter in incuding charge seed mouth whereabouts kind subflow obtain voltage signal；At the signal
The input terminal of reason circuit is connect with the output end of the photelectric receiver, for the voltage signal to be converted into and seeding seed
Corresponding seeding pulse sequence signal is flowed, and the seeding pulse sequence signal is transmitted to the on-vehicle terminal device.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, seed spreads induction device and further includes into kind of a mouth 1-1, conduit 1-2, package casing 1-3, goes out kind of a mouth 1-4, lead wire outlet 1-
5；It is described enter kind of mouth 1-1 docked with the mouth of charging seed of the middle small particle precision planter；The upper port of the conduit 1-2 with it is described
Enter kind of a mouth 1-1 sealing docking, the lower port of the conduit 1-2 is docked with kind of the mouth 1-4 out；The internal diameter of kind of the mouth 1-4 out
With the conduit matched design；The photosphere that Laser emission mould group and photelectric receiver are formed is located at the lower port of conduit 1-2 and goes out
Between the upper port of kind mouth 1-4, i.e., the bottom of conduit 1-2 is higher than photosphere, and the top for planting mouth 1-4 out is lower than photosphere.Due to
The principle of conduit is will to plant subflow to come together in photosphere top, and the principle for planting mouth out is guaranteed through the seed of photosphere all from kind out
Mouth discharge, will not fall into inside sensing detection device, and therefore, the bore for planting mouth 1-4 out is greater than the internal diameter of conduit 1-2.The envelope
Seed is spread each component encapsulation inside induction device by pin for suppressing metal 1-6 by casing 1-3, for protecting internal structure；
Cabling of the lead wire outlet 1-5 for the transmission of seeding pulse sequence signal and the power supply of sensing device, seed spread induction device 1
It is connect by lead wire outlet 1-5 with on-vehicle terminal device 2.
The on-vehicle terminal device includes that there is certain amount GPIO (General-Purpose Input/Output) to draw
Microcomputer (not identified in figure), touch display screen 2-5, the radiator fan 2-4 of foot；The microcomputer is used for next kind
The seeding pulse sequence signal analysis of subflow sensing device is handled, and obtains the sowing parameter of precision planter, and drive the touching
Touch display screen 2-5 real-time display.The touch display screen 2-5 is used for the amount of broadcasting of real-time display multiway, dropping frequency, based on average
Qualified index, the broadcast leakage index of time interval calculating, the sowing such as broadcast leakage coefficient and seeding disk rotating speed based on time-varying window calculation
Status information, every dropping frequency curve and touch-responsive all the way.The fan 2-4 is used for microcomputer, display screen
The electronic components such as 2-5 carry out auxiliary heat dissipation, and the on-vehicle terminal device further includes power supply unit and package casing 2-6；It is described
Power supply unit is used to spread induction device and on-vehicle terminal device power supply for seed；The package casing 2-6 is used for car-mounted terminal
The each device in the inside of device is packaged, the relative positional relationship and protection internal structure of fixed each device.
The computer software of the on-vehicle terminal device is developed based on Python, using modular construction, the mould of program
Block is divided into four levels --- the main program of software, the function module for realizing description sexual function, the Function Modules for realizing concrete function
Block, the class for realizing specific steps.
The display of information and the realization of touch-responsive function are to pass through GUI in the computer software of the on-vehicle terminal device
Programming is realized, in order to realize that information is shown and touch-responsive in real time, the GUI of selection be based on but be not limited to using
Pygame.The computer software of the on-vehicle terminal device is able to achieve a microcomputer while monitoring the seeding pulse of multichannel
Sequence signal, and the seeding pulse sequence signal triggering of multichannel is interrupted and not will cause because interrupt nesting causes Multi-channel monitoring to generate money
Source conflicts and then influences monitoring accuracy.The monitoring of multichannel seeding pulse train is realized by multithreading.For per seeding all the way
Pulse train monitoring one independent thread of distribution, using the principle of time sharing operating system, so that multichannel seeding pulse train
Monitoring avoids interrupt nesting from parallel state is macroscopically in root, realize that multichannel seeding pulse sequence signal is supervised in real time
It surveys.The software is by way of multithreading, and there are two major cycles are parallel, two major cycles are each responsible for part and broadcast final program
The utilization efficiency of computer resource can be improved in the update of kind parameter and the refreshing of graphical interfaces, the mode.
The on-vehicle terminal device can include but is not limited at any time to broadcast at seeding time point etc. with the data that file mode saves
Kind process initial data, for subsequent processing and analysis.
The microcomputer of the carrying is to be based on but be not limited to linux system and Python realization multichannel seeding pulse sequence
The functions such as the processing of column signal and analysis, the display of information and touch-responsive.The microcomputer is spread with multichannel seed
Induction device, touch display screen 2-5, run indicator 2-3 and power supply unit connection.The microcomputer is executable to be based on state
Family's standard, the seed sowing device performance detection algorithm based on time interval suitable for testing seed sowing device performance calculate qualified index, leakage
The parameters such as index, replay index are broadcast, and are performed simultaneously in conjunction with discharge plate rotary speed information, executing has high real-time, is suitable for field
Between operation broadcast leakage detection algorithm based on time-varying window calculate broadcast leakage coefficient, broken strip is short of seedling the shapes such as coefficient, sparse coefficient of being short of seedling
State parameter realizes statistics, calculating, display and the preservation of a variety of sowing parameters；Run indicator 2-3 is used to indicate car-mounted terminal
Whether device receives seeding pulse sequence signal.Said supply unit by lithium battery, power switch, Micro-USB interface Vcc
Pin and GND pin, the VBUS of power supply indicator 2-2, Micro-USB interface 7 and GND pin are used for seed and spread induction device
Power supply, power supply indicator 2-2 are used to indicate switching-on and switching-off state.
Multiple seeds are set and spread induction device and on-vehicle terminal device using wired connection, form many-to-one system tray
Structure.It is to connect with what seed spread that induction device is connected that on-vehicle terminal device, which is selected but is not limited to the Micro-USB interface 2-1,
Mouthful, the pin of power supply and signal transmission is defined with reference to USB standard, realizes power supply and signal biography that seed spreads induction device
Defeated function, the most 12 road seeds of Ke Yu of on-vehicle terminal device spread induction device connection.
As a kind of specific embodiment, the on-vehicle terminal device internal core component can be raspberry pie 3B microcomputer
Calculation machine, 12V lithium battery, 12V turn the voltage reduction module of 5V, the Micro- of LCD touching display screen and integrated power supply-signal transfer functions
The pcb board of USB interface and LED light, the LED light and radiator fan of device power supply state of instruction program operating status.12V lithium electricity
Pond supplies all components and provides electric energy, and one ship type switch of anode series connection of lithium battery realizes the on-off on circuit main line；It is depressured mould
Block, pcb board power supply interface, the LED light of device power supply state, radiator fan are in parallel with lithium battery.The 5V of voltage reduction module is exported
The power supply of raspberry pie 3B microcomputer, the USB interface of raspberry pie 3B microcomputer are connected on LCD touching display screen, are realized
The transmission of the 5V power supply and touch signals of LCD touching display screen.
For kind of a single pulse signal for subflow sequence, the signal pins of 13 road Micro-USB interfaces are integrated by pcb board
On the socket of the jtag interface shape of 14pin, and GPIO used in raspberry pie 3B microcomputer is connected to by Du Pont's line
Pin, realizes the monitoring of kind of subflow sequence, and the ground wire of extra a pin connecting PCB board and microcomputer is located in altogether
Reason.The vision signal of raspberry pie 3B microcomputer and LCD touching display screen is attached by HDMI interface, realizes video letter
Number transmission, it is special to select HDMI soft arranging wire to mitigate weight, reduce assembly difficulty.Raspberry pie 3B microcomputer and LCD
The touch signals of touching display screen connect the power supply interface and raspberry pie 3B microcomputer of LCD display by USB data line
USB interface realize free drive touch-control.The LED light of instruction program operating status is connected with the specified GPIO pin of microcomputer,
When program receives the single pulse signal of kind of subflow sequence, which exports high level, and indicator light is bright；When program does not receive seed
When flowing sequence single pulse signal, which exports low level, and indicator light off.
Using above-mentioned monitoring device of the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring sides
Method, Fig. 4 are the flow diagram of seeding detection method of the present invention.As shown in figure 4, the monitoring method includes：
Step 100：Obtain the seeding pulse sequence signal that seed spreads induction device output；
Step 200：Obtain the revolving speed of the discharge plate of discharge plate speed measuring module output；
Step 300：According to the revolving speed of seeding pulse sequence signal and discharge plate, the sowing parameter of precision planter is determined.
The sowing parameter of precision planter includes：It is every to sow the corresponding amount of broadcasting, dropping frequency all the way, based on average time interval calculating
Qualified index, broadcast leakage index, the broadcast leakage coefficient based on time-varying window calculation and seeding disk rotating speed and dropping frequency curve.For broadcasting
The acquisition of kind of parameter, referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the flow diagram that sowing parameter is determined in seeding detection method of the present invention, in figure with
For the sowing of 12 tunnels, detailed process is as follows：
The acquisition for the amount of broadcasting：The pulse signal output end of the sensing device passes through the definition Micro-USB interface, connection
To the GPIO pin of microcomputer.The single pulse signal of the signal position standard of sensing device output, is arranged corresponding GPIO and draws
Foot is to interrupt listening mode, when corresponding GPIO pin receives the rising edge of single pulse signal, executes an interrupt function, remembers
Information generates rising edge each time and interrupts in the list end of the corresponding amount of broadcasting monitoring at the time of recording interruption rising edge triggering, list
Length increase by 1, after having executed the record of time information, the length of read list, the as amount of broadcasting.
The acquisition of dropping frequency：On the basis of the acquisition amount of broadcasting, a circulation is created, is executed the circulation each second once,
Read the current amount of broadcasting.The amount of broadcasting that epicycle is read subtracts the amount of broadcasting of last round of reading, as dropping frequency.
Suitable for the qualified index based on equispaced of seed sowing device performance detection, broadcast leakage index, replay exponentiation algorithm：By
It is two by the time point that the time point of seeding each time subtracts last seeding in having recorded all seeding time points before
The interseminal seeding time interval of grain.The continuously interval time t of 250 adjacent two seeds of measurementi(i=0,1,2 ...), with
Adjacent two seeds theoretical interval time T is calculated, time interval is converted to dimensionless group Xi=ti/ T makes entire sample
Originally become 0.1,0.2,0.3 ... ..., n (Xi) sequence, according still further to standard GB/T/T 6973-2005《Simple grain (precision) sowing
Machine test method》Seed sowing device performance parameter is calculated, calculation formula is as follows：
n′1=∑ ni{Xi∈ [0.0,0.5] }
n′2=∑ ni{Xi∈ (0.5,1.5] }
n′3=∑ ni{Xi∈ (1.5,2.5] }
n′4=∑ ni{Xi∈ (2.5,3.5] }
n′5=∑ ni{Xi∈ (3.5, ∞) }
Since second seed of measurement, every seed and its preceding grain seed constitute to form a grain away from if seeding
Device or kind bed translational velocity are constant, each grain away from a corresponding time interval, herein under the premise of, can use between time interval
Obtain seeding grain away from.Wherein define：
Broadcast leakage index is：
Replaying index is：
Qualified index is：
And：L+C+A=100.
The monitoring of seeding disk rotating speed：The location information of discharge plate rotation is obtained to be realized by the triggering interrupted；Discharge plate
Revolving speed is calculated to be realized by the poll of high speed.Magnet steel corresponding with type hole, using Hall sensor, every warp are set on discharge plate
A pulse signal can be generated by the interruption monitor log of microcomputer by crossing a type hole.It is recorded when the poll judgement of high speed
When pulse number and equal type hole number, it will be considered that discharge plate has rotated a whole circle.Record the time point, and by discharge plate pair
The pulse number zero setting answered, and the difference at the time point of the time point and last record is calculated, as discharge plate rotates one week
Used time is denoted as T (unit：s).
So the revolving speed of discharge plate isUnit：Turn/min, the refresh cycle of seeding disk rotating speed is that discharge plate is every
Refresh within rotation one week primary.
The broadcast leakage Coefficient Algorithm based on time-varying window suitable for broadcast leakage detection：The time required to discharge plate rotates 1 week or N weeks
For a detection cycle, referred to as time window wi(s) its main feature is that N is smaller, detection cycle is shorter, and it is better to embody real-time；
According to the detection of half cycle or more low-angle, testing result is related with the starting point that discharge plate type hole detects, testing result stability
It is insufficient.Therefore choosing seeding disc spins 1 week is detection cycle.
In discharge plate rotation speed monitoring, remember that the time point for obtaining and recording when discharge plate rotates a complete cycle is t0, upper one
The time point recorded when secondary one complete cycle of discharge plate rotation is t0', then detection cycle is T=t0-t0'.Between two time points
The sowing situation of the seed fallen is the judgment basis of sowing situation in the detection cycle.
It records in the detection cycle, seeding number is that x type hole number is k, adjacent two seeds theoretical interval time T0=T/k,
In detection cycle, the interval time Δ t of adjacent two seeds is rememberedi(i=0,1,2 ...), two interseminal seeding interval deltas
ti>1.5T0When, i.e. judgement broadcast leakage phenomenon exists, as Δ ti>2.5T0, remember di=Δ ti, otherwise di=0, in a detection cycle,
Duration existing for broadcast leakage phenomenon accounts for uniform level of the total duration of detection cycle than reflecting sowing.
Sparse coefficient of being short of seedling is：S=(k-x)/k
Broken strip coefficient of being short of seedling is：
Broadcast leakage coefficient is：
The present invention is specifically described combined with specific embodiments below.
Specific embodiment：
The present invention selects 2BFQ-6 type Combined rape precision direct seeder, and selection Dongfanghong-LX954 tractor is 2BFQ-6 type
Combined rape precision direct seeder provides power, and feed mechanism for seed used is a kind of positive and negative pressure combined type rape seed precision amount row on seed-sowing machine
Kind device, the present embodiment are tested in field.
Precise rape seeding device selects the discharge plate of 40 type holes in the present embodiment, and the sowing line number of seed-sowing machine is 6.
Before test, middle small particle seed is spread into induction device and is set as optimal parameter, including the when progress to interrupt latency
Row is adjusted, and first determines whether seed particle size to be sowed is greater than setting partial size threshold value；It is set when seed particle size to be sowed is greater than
When determining partial size threshold value, according to seed particle size to be sowed, determine that the seed spreads the duration of the interrupt latency of induction device, then
It opens the seed and spreads induction device；When the seed particle size wait sow is no more than setting partial size threshold value, institute is directly opened
It states seed and spreads induction device, do not need the duration of setting interrupt latency at this time.The middle small particle seed for adjusting parameter is spread
Induction device is mounted on precise seeder and charges seed below mouth, and the charge seed seed of mouth of precise rape seeding device flows through conduit and falls vertically,
Go out kind of a mouth outflow from sensing device.Separating optical path by seed makes the output voltage signal of kind of subflow generate disturbance, via signal
Conditioning circuit processing obtains seeding kind subflow pulse sequence signal corresponding with seeding kind subflow sequence.
On-vehicle terminal device a pair six receives the seeding seeding pulse sequence that the small particle seed in multichannel spreads induction device
Column signal, analysis processing obtain the sowing states such as dropping frequency, seeding total amount, broadcast leakage index, replay index and qualified index
Parameter, and in the touch display screen being shown in.
The present embodiment table of field test results are bright：Middle small particle seed seeding monitoring device of the invention can be accurate in real time
Ground monitors and shows the sowing state parameters such as dropping frequency, seeding total amount, broadcast leakage index, replay index and qualified index, quasi-
True rate can reach 97% or more, and be able to carry out prompt to the broadcast leakage occurred.
In addition, system provided by the invention also has stronger adaptability, by selecting different seeds to spread induction device
It obtains seeding pulse sequence signal and is transmitted to on-vehicle terminal device, by replacing sensing device, can be adapted for different types of
Seed multichannel sows status real time monitor and display, effectively improves the seeding quality and efficiency of seeder, realizes the machine of seeder
Tool and intelligent development.
Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages that：
(1) on-vehicle terminal device of the invention is compact-sized, exotic shape, friendly interface image.
(2) software of the computer of on-vehicle terminal device of the invention is developed based on Python, using modular construction,
So that computer software has stronger expansibility, portability, by simply transplanting, software can be any eligible
Computer on use, can at any time with file mode save initial data, for subsequent processing, analysis and filing.
(3) seeding monitoring device of the invention is at low cost, and the discrimination of seed signal is high, and high reliablity is easy for installation, can
Scalability is strong, and strong applicability is, it can be achieved that middle small particle seed (such as rape, wheat, American Ginseng) seeder multichannel seeding operation matter
The metering of the real-time monitoring, application rate of amount.
(4) present invention has stronger adaptability, and seed spreads induction device and the connection of on-vehicle terminal device is selected
Micro-USB interface compares more other interfaces, and the interface compact is low in cost, is determined by the pin to interface
Justice realizes the function that seed spreads power supply and the signal transmission of induction device.By selecting different sensing devices, connection is selected
Identical interface simultaneously uses identical definition mode, can be adapted for various partial size seed multichannel sowing status real time monitors, has
Effect improves the seeding quality and efficiency of seeder, realizes seeding mechanization and intelligent development.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring device, which is characterized in that the monitoring device and precision planter connect
It connects, the monitoring device includes：Seed spreads induction device, on-vehicle terminal device and discharge plate speed measuring module；
The seed spreads induction device：Seed stream transmission channel, Laser emission mould group, photelectric receiver and signal processing electricity
Road；The Laser emission mould group and the photelectric receiver are relatively arranged on the two sides of the seed stream transmission channel；The letter
The input terminal of number processing circuit is connect with the output end of the photelectric receiver, the output end of the signal processing circuit with it is described
The input terminal of on-vehicle terminal device connects, and the signal processing circuit is used to received voltage signal being converted to seeding pulse sequence
Column signal, and the seeding pulse sequence signal is transmitted to the on-vehicle terminal device；
The discharge plate speed measuring module is connect with the discharge plate of the precision planter, and the discharge plate speed measuring module is for monitoring
The revolving speed of the discharge plate；
The input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device is also connect with the signal output end of the discharge plate speed measuring module；The vehicle-mounted end
End device is used to determine that the sowing of precision drilling process is joined according to the revolving speed of the seeding pulse sequence signal and the discharge plate
Number.
2. monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the on-vehicle terminal device specifically includes：Comprising more
The microcomputer and touch display screen of a GPIO pin；The microcomputer passes through multiple GPIO pins and multiple institutes
It states seed and spreads induction device connection；The microcomputer is used to be analyzed and processed the seeding pulse sequence signal, and
The sowing parameter that precision drilling process is determined according to the revolving speed of the discharge plate is also used to that the touch display screen is driven to show in real time
Show the sowing parameter of precision drilling process.
3. monitoring device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the microcomputer passes through multithreading simultaneously
Multichannel seeding pulse sequence signal is received, parallel processing is carried out to multichannel seeding pulse sequence signal.
4. monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the on-vehicle terminal device is connect by Micro-USB
Mouth spreads induction device with multiple seeds and connect.
5. monitoring device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the on-vehicle terminal device further includes：Power supply unit,
Fan and package casing；Said supply unit is used for as the on-vehicle terminal device and described kind of subflow monitoring device power supply；Institute
Fan is stated for radiating to on-vehicle terminal device, the package casing is each inside the on-vehicle terminal device for encapsulating
A element.
6. monitoring device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that said supply unit specifically includes：Lithium battery, power supply
Switch, the VBUS of Micro-USB interface and GND pin, power supply indicator, the VBUS and GND pin of Micro-USB interface are used for
The power supply of induction device is spread for multiple seeds；The power switch is used to control the power supply state of the lithium battery；It is described
Power supply indicator is used to indicate the power supply state of the lithium battery.
7. monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seed spreads induction device and further includes：Enter kind of a mouth,
Conduit goes out kind of a mouth, package casing and lead wire outlet；
It is described enter kind of mouth docked with the mouth of charging seed of the precision planter；The upper port of the conduit and it is described enter the sealing pair of kind of mouth
It connects, the lower port of the conduit is docked with kind of the mouth out；The package casing is for spreading the seed inside induction device
Each component encapsulation；The seed spreads induction device and is connect by the lead wire outlet with the on-vehicle terminal device.
8. a kind of middle small particle seed precision drilling monitoring method, which is characterized in that the monitoring method includes：
Obtain the seeding pulse sequence signal that seed in monitoring device spreads induction device output；The monitoring device includes：Seed
Spread induction device, on-vehicle terminal device and discharge plate speed measuring module；The seed spreads induction device：Seed spreads defeated logical
Road, Laser emission mould group, photelectric receiver and signal processing circuit；The Laser emission mould group is opposite with the photelectric receiver
It is set to the two sides of the seed stream transmission channel；The output of the input terminal of the signal processing circuit and the photelectric receiver
End connection, the output end of the signal processing circuit are connect with the input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device, the signal processing electricity
Road is used to received voltage signal being converted to seeding pulse sequence signal, and the seeding pulse sequence signal is transmitted to institute
State on-vehicle terminal device；The discharge plate speed measuring module is connect with the discharge plate of the precision planter, and the discharge plate tests the speed
Module is used to monitor the revolving speed of the discharge plate；The input terminal of the on-vehicle terminal device also with the discharge plate speed measuring module
Signal output end connection；
Obtain the revolving speed of the discharge plate of the discharge plate speed measuring module output；
According to the revolving speed of the seeding pulse sequence signal and the discharge plate, the sowing parameter of precision drilling process is determined；Institute
Stating sowing parameter includes：Per sow all the way the corresponding amount of broadcasting, dropping frequency, based on average time interval calculate qualified index,
Broadcast leakage index, the broadcast leakage coefficient based on time-varying window calculation and seeding disk rotating speed, dropping frequency curve.
9. monitoring method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that seed spreads induction device in the acquisition monitoring device
The seeding pulse sequence signal of output further includes before：
Obtain seed particle size to be sowed；
Judge whether seed particle size to be sowed is greater than setting partial size threshold value；
When the seed particle size wait sow is greater than setting partial size threshold value, according to the seed particle size to be sowed, institute is determined
State the duration that seed spreads the interrupt latency of induction device；
It opens the seed and spreads induction device；
When the seed particle size wait sow is no more than setting partial size threshold value, opens the seed and spread induction device.
10. monitoring method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that it is described according to the seeding pulse sequence signal and
The revolving speed of the discharge plate determines the sowing parameter of precision drilling process, further includes later：
Obtain the feature operation that user clicks；
According to the feature operation that the user clicks, corresponding sowing parameter is shown and saved.
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| CN110558007A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-13 | 华中农业大学 | small-particle-size seed particle flow counting sensing device suitable for high-frequency seed metering |
| CN110595553A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 华中农业大学 | LED visible light surface large and medium seed crop seed metering detection device |
| CN113330869A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-03 | 华中农业大学 | Intelligent pneumatic precision seeder for small-grain-size seeds and vegetables |
| CN114128446A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-04 | 广东皓耘科技有限公司 | Seeding state obtaining method and device, storage medium and seeding equipment |
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|---|---|
| CN108918904B (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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