Sliding type inclinometer measuring and positioning structure and using method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring, in particular to a measuring and positioning structure of a sliding inclinometer and a using method thereof.
Background
The sliding inclinometer is an in-situ monitoring instrument for monitoring the horizontal displacement of the rock and soil mass, and can be used for observing the horizontal displacement of the rock and soil mass at different depths in various projects.
The existing sliding inclinometer comprises a cable and a displacement sensor connected with the cable, wherein a length mark is arranged on the sheath of the cable every 0.5m or 1 m; when the device is used on site, the displacement sensor is placed in the inclinometer, the cable is held by hand through manpower, and the displacement sensor is lifted step by step. The position of the sensor needs to be determined and stabilized depending on the length mark during each stage of measurement. In order to stabilize the position of the sensor, the cable marker is pressed to the position of the pipe orifice guide groove of the inclinometer (as shown in figure 1) by hands. In view of this, the existing inclinometer work needs two people to carry out, one person is responsible for lifting the sliding inclinometer, and the other person is responsible for counting of the reading instrument.
It can be seen that the disadvantages of the existing sliding inclinometers include: the length mark is used for a long time and is easy to wear due to friction with the pipe orifice, and the length mark has a certain width, so that the standard of the reference mark is difficult to keep consistent during measurement, and the consistency of the positions of two times of measurement is difficult to ensure. In addition, the length mark is pressed at the position of the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe, the cable generates oblique tension on the displacement sensor at the moment, and the displacement sensor deflects under the action of the horizontal component force of the oblique tension to further influence the measurement precision (as shown in fig. 2). Moreover, when the inclination measurement is carried out by matching two persons for measurement, on one hand, the measurement is easy to rework due to lack of tacit understanding, and on the other hand, the labor cost is greatly wasted.
In summary, a measurement positioning structure with convenient and accurate positioning and reduced labor cost is urgently needed for the existing sliding inclinometer.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a measurement positioning structure of a sliding inclinometer, which has the advantages of convenient and accurate positioning and effectively reduced labor cost.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a using method of the measuring and positioning structure of the sliding inclinometer.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sliding inclinometer measuring and positioning structure comprises a positioning cover and a cable;
the positioning cover comprises a hollow cylindrical body and a cover edge extending outwards from the top of the body, the body and the cover edge are integrally formed, the body is inserted into a pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe, notches penetrating through the inner wall and the outer wall are formed in the same position of the body and the cover edge, telescopic clamping devices are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the body, and rollers are arranged on the front end face of each telescopic clamping device;
the first end of the cable is connected with the displacement sensor, the second end of the cable is connected with the reading instrument, positioning grooves are arranged at equal intervals from the first end to the second end of the cable, the side wall of each positioning groove close to the first end is a guide wall, and the side wall of each positioning groove close to the second end is a limiting wall;
the cable is placed in the middle of the positioning cover through the notch, and the roller of the telescopic clamping device is pressed against the outer wall of the cable; when the positioning groove of the cable is over against the telescopic clamping device, the telescopic clamping device extends out and is clamped into the positioning groove, and the position of the cable is limited and fixed by the limiting wall; when the cable is continuously lifted, the roller of the telescopic clamping device slides out of the positioning groove along the guide wall.
Preferably, the telescopic clamping device comprises a sliding rod, a sliding block and a spring, the sliding rod is vertically fixed on the inner wall of the positioning cover, the sliding block is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod, the spring is also arranged on the sliding rod in a penetrating manner, one end of the spring is connected with the sliding block, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the inner wall of the positioning cover; the front end face of the sliding block is provided with the rollers in an up-down symmetrical mode.
Preferably, the inner wall of the positioning cover is provided with a counter bore, and the sliding rod and the spring are both fixed on the bottom side wall of the counter bore.
Preferably, the positioning groove further comprises a bottom wall, and the length of the bottom wall is greater than the distance between the outer edges of the upper and lower rollers; the limiting wall comprises a limiting groove and a protrusion, one side of the limiting groove is flush with the bottom wall, the depth of the limiting groove is smaller than the radius of the roller, the width of the limiting groove is smaller than the diameter of the roller, and the outer edge of the protrusion is a transition arc; the guide wall is a transition arc between the bottom wall and the outer wall of the cable.
Preferably, the cable is further symmetrically provided with sliding chutes which penetrate through the cable along the length direction, and the depth of each sliding chute is equal to that of each positioning groove; the front end of the sliding rod extends into the sliding groove.
Preferably, the distance between the positioning grooves is 50cm or 1 m.
Preferably, the cable is in the position of positioning groove still is provided with the strengthening layer, the strengthening layer is wire net or fibre web.
Preferably, the diameter of lid edge is greater than the external diameter of inclinometer pipe, location lid adopts high-strength plastics or metal material to make.
In order to achieve another purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a use method of a measuring and positioning structure of a sliding inclinometer comprises the following steps:
(1) providing a sliding inclinometer with the cable and the positioning cover;
(2) opening a protective cover of the inclinometer pipe, and slowly placing the displacement sensor at the bottom of the inclinometer pipe through a cable;
(3) placing the cable into the middle of the positioning cover through the gap, placing the sliding rods of the telescopic clamping devices on the two sides into a sliding chute of the cable, then inserting the positioning cover into the pipe orifice of the inclinometer pipe, and ensuring that the top of the inclinometer pipe is attached to the bottom of the cover edge;
(4) pulling the cable, so that the telescopic clamping device extends out to be clamped into a first positioning groove, loosening the cable, and pressing a data recording key of the reading instrument to record the data of the first sensor after the data of the reading instrument is stable;
(5) slowly pulling the cable so that the roller of the telescopic clamping device slides out of the first positioning groove along the guide wall;
(6) continuing to pull the cable, so that the telescopic clamping device extends out to be clamped into a second positioning groove, loosening the cable, and recording the data of the second sensor by pressing a data recording key of the reading instrument after the data of the reading instrument is stable;
(7) repeating the steps (5) to (6) to complete the acquisition of all the inclinometer data;
(8) the positioning cover is detached, and the protective cover of the inclinometer pipe is covered; and taking out the cable from the notch, and placing the displacement sensor and the positioning cover to finish the whole inclination measurement work.
The invention can achieve the following technical effects:
(1) the invention carries out positioning measurement through the positioning cover with a specific structure and the positioning groove on the cable, thereby saving length marks, greatly facilitating positioning, ensuring that the multiple measurement positions of the same measurement point are completely consistent, eliminating the influence of slight position difference on the inclinometer data, ensuring that the cable is always positioned in the middle of the inclinometer pipe under the action of the positioning cover telescopic clamping device, not applying oblique tension to the displacement sensor, further avoiding the deflection of the displacement sensor caused by the oblique tension, and ensuring that the measurement result is more accurate;
(2) according to the invention, the limiting wall and the guide wall are arranged on the positioning groove, the limiting wall limits the cable and the displacement sensor to slide downwards, and the cable can be completely loosened after being lifted and pulled in place, so that the inclination measurement work can be completed by one person by using the measuring and positioning structure of the invention, and the labor cost is reduced; the arrangement of the guide wall can enable the telescopic clamping device to easily slide out of the positioning groove, and in addition, the telescopic clamping device is matched, so that the inclination measuring and lifting difficulty is greatly reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced;
(3) the sliding rod is skillfully arranged, and not only can be used as a slide way of the sliding block and a guide rod of the spring, but also can be used as a support piece to balance the weight of the cable and the displacement sensor during measurement; meanwhile, the lifting of the cable can be guided by matching with the sliding chute, so that multiple purposes can be achieved;
(4) the limiting groove is formed in the limiting wall and matched with the roller, so that the positions of the cable and the displacement sensor can be completely clamped, the slipping phenomenon is prevented, and the measuring precision is further ensured;
(5) according to the invention, the reinforcing layer is arranged at the position of the positioning groove, the reinforcing layer can improve the strength at the positioning groove, effectively balances the strength difference between the positioning groove and the cable at other positions, and prevents the cable from being broken at the positioning groove;
(6) the cover edge with the diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inclinometer pipe is arranged, so that the positioning cover can be conveniently inserted into or pulled out of the inclinometer pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prior art inclinometer tube;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art slide inclinometer measurement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention during sliding;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the positioning structure of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention FIG. 5 at the positioning slot;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 5 at B in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a positioning cover 1, a cover edge 11, a body 12, a notch 13, a telescopic clamping device 1-1, a counter bore 1-1-1, a sliding rod 1-1-2, a spring 1-1-3, a sliding block 1-1-4, a roller 1-1-5, a cable 2, a positioning groove 21, a sliding groove 22, a protrusion 2-1-1, a limiting groove 2-1-2, a bottom wall 2-1-3, a guide wall 2-1-4, an inclinometer 3 and a displacement sensor 4.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 3-8, a measurement positioning structure of a sliding inclinometer comprises a positioning cover 1 and a cable 2;
the positioning cover 1 comprises a hollow cylindrical body 12 and a cover edge 11 extending outwards from the top of the body 12, the body 12 and the cover edge 11 are integrally formed, the body 11 is inserted into a pipe opening of the inclinometer pipe 3, notches 13 penetrating through the inner wall and the outer wall are formed in the same position of the body 12 and the cover edge 11, telescopic clamping devices 1-1 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the body 12, and rollers 1-1-5 are arranged on the front end face of each telescopic clamping device 1-1;
the first end of the cable 2 is connected with the displacement sensor 4, the second end of the cable is connected with the reading instrument, positioning grooves 21 are formed in the cable 2 from the first end to the second end at equal intervals, the side wall, close to the first end, of each positioning groove 21 is a guide wall, and the side wall, close to the second end, of each positioning groove 21 is a limiting wall; the limiting wall limits the cable and the displacement sensor 4 to slide downwards, and the cable can be completely loosened after being lifted in place, so that the measuring and positioning structure can be used for completing the inclination measurement work by one person, and the labor cost is reduced; the arrangement of the guide wall can enable the telescopic clamping device to easily slide out of the positioning groove, and in addition, the telescopic clamping device is matched, so that the inclination measuring and lifting difficulty is greatly reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced;
the cable 2 is placed in the middle of the positioning cover 1 through the notch 13, and the rollers 1-1-5 of the telescopic clamping device 1-1 are pressed on the outer wall of the cable 2; when the positioning groove 21 of the cable 2 is over against the telescopic clamping device 1-1, the telescopic clamping device 1-1 extends out and is clamped into the positioning groove 21, and the position of the cable 2 is limited and fixed by the limiting wall; when the cable 2 is continuously pulled, the roller 1-1-5 of the telescopic clamping device 1-1 slides out of the positioning groove 21 along the guide wall.
Through the structure, length marks are omitted, positioning is greatly facilitated, the situation that the multiple measuring positions of the same measuring point are completely consistent can be guaranteed, the influence of slight difference of the positions on inclination measurement data is eliminated, in addition, under the action of the telescopic clamping device 1-1 of the positioning cover 1, the cable can be guaranteed to be always positioned in the middle of the inclination measurement pipe, oblique tension cannot be applied to the displacement sensor 4, further, deflection of the displacement sensor 4 caused by the oblique tension is avoided, and the measuring result is more accurate.
As shown in fig. 6, the retractable clamping device 1-1 comprises a sliding rod 1-1-2, a sliding block 1-1-4, and a spring 1-1-3, wherein the sliding rod 1-1-2 is vertically fixed on the inner wall of the positioning cover 1, the sliding block 1-1-4 is slidably sleeved on the sliding rod 1-1-2, the spring 1-1-3 is also arranged on the sliding rod 1-1-2 in a penetrating manner, one end of the spring is connected with the sliding block 1-1-4, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the inner wall of the positioning cover 1; the front end face of the sliding block 1-1-4 is provided with the rollers 1-1-5 in an up-and-down symmetrical mode. The sliding rod 1-1-2 can be used as a slide way of the sliding block 1-1-4 and a guide rod of the spring 1-1-3, and can also be used as a supporting piece to balance the weight of the cable 2 and displacement sensing during measurement; meanwhile, the lifting of the cable 2 can be guided by matching with the positioning groove 21, so that multiple purposes are achieved.
Furthermore, a counter bore 1-1-1 is formed in the inner wall of the positioning cover 1, and the sliding rod 1-1-2 and the spring 1-1-3 are fixed on the bottom side wall of the counter bore 1-1-1, so that the occupied area of the telescopic clamping device 1-1 is reduced, and the cable 2 can be conveniently placed in the positioning cover;
as shown in fig. 7, the positioning groove 21 further includes a bottom wall, and the length of the bottom wall is greater than the distance between the outer edges of the upper and lower rollers 1-1-5; the limiting wall comprises a limiting groove 2-1-2 and a protrusion 2-1-1, one side of the limiting groove 2-1-2 is flush with the bottom wall, the depth of the limiting groove 2-1-2 is smaller than the radius of the roller, the width of the limiting groove 2-1-2 is smaller than the diameter of the roller 1-1-5, and the outer edge of the protrusion 2-1-1 is a transition arc; the guide wall is a transition arc between the bottom wall and the outer wall of the cable. The limiting groove 2-1-2 is matched with the roller, so that the positions of the cable and the displacement sensor 4 can be completely clamped, the slipping phenomenon is prevented, and the measuring precision is further ensured;
as shown in fig. 9, the cable 2 is further symmetrically provided with sliding grooves 22 penetrating through the cable in the length direction, and the depth of the sliding grooves 22 is equal to the depth of the positioning grooves 21; the front end of the sliding rod 1-1-2 extends into the sliding groove 22.
Further, the distance between the positioning grooves 21 is 50cm or 1 m.
The cable 2 is in the position of constant head tank 21 still is provided with the strengthening layer, the strengthening layer is wire net or fibre web (not shown). The reinforcing layer can improve the strength of the positioning groove, effectively balance the strength difference between the positioning groove 21 and the cable 2 and prevent the cable from being broken at the positioning groove 21;
further, the diameter of the rim 11 of the cap, see fig. 3 and 5, is greater than the outer diameter of the inclinometer 3, thus greatly facilitating the insertion or extraction of the positioning cap into or out of the inclinometer. The positioning cover is made of high-strength plastic or metal materials.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3-9, example 2 is a method of using example 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) providing a sliding inclinometer with the cable 2 and the positioning cover 1;
(2) opening a protective cover of the inclinometer, and slowly placing the displacement sensor 4 at the bottom of the inclinometer 3 through the cable 2;
(3) the cable is placed in the middle of the positioning cover 1 through the gap 13, the sliding rods 1-1-2 of the telescopic clamping devices 1-1 on the two sides are placed in the sliding grooves 22 of the cable 2, then the positioning cover 1 is inserted into the pipe opening of the inclinometer pipe 3, and the top of the inclinometer pipe 3 is ensured to be attached to the bottom of the cover edge 11;
(4) lifting the cable 2, so that the telescopic clamping device 1-1 extends out to be clamped into a first positioning groove 21, loosening the cable 2, and recording the data of a first sensor by pressing a data recording key of a reading instrument after the data of the reading instrument is stable;
(5) slowly pulling the cable 2, so that the roller 1-1-5 of the telescopic clamping device 1-1 slides out of the first positioning groove 21 along the guide wall;
(6) continuing to pull the cable 2, so that the telescopic clamping device 1-1 extends out to be clamped into a second positioning groove 21, loosening the cable, and recording the data of a second sensor by pressing a data recording key of a reading instrument after the data of the reading instrument is stable;
(7) repeating the steps (5) to (6) to complete the acquisition of all the inclinometer data;
(8) the positioning cover 1 is removed, and the protective cover of the inclinometer pipe is covered; and taking out the cable 2 from the notch 13, and placing the displacement sensor 4 and the positioning cover 1 to finish the whole inclination measurement.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.