CN108917436B - Novel oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generator - Google Patents

Novel oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108917436B
CN108917436B CN201810986550.3A CN201810986550A CN108917436B CN 108917436 B CN108917436 B CN 108917436B CN 201810986550 A CN201810986550 A CN 201810986550A CN 108917436 B CN108917436 B CN 108917436B
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tube
oval
twisted
vortex
vortex generators
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CN108917436A (en
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马杰
张镇
凌祥
李鑫
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/02Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an oval twisted tube heat exchanger with a vortex generator, which mainly comprises a tube box, a tube plate, a shell, a heat exchange tube, a seal head and other parts, wherein the heat exchange tube comprises an inlet straight tube section, an outer finned tube with an oval twisted tube structure and an outlet straight tube section; the heat exchange tube is internally provided with an oval spiral twisted channel structure, and the outer finned tube comprises an oval twisted tube and a fin plate which is provided with a vortex generator and can be tightly attached to the oval twisted tube; the fin plates are divided into an upper fin plate and a lower fin plate, and the two fin plates are brazed on the oval twisted tube through a brazing process; the vortex generator structure on the fin plate can be in the forms of a triangle, a double blade and the like; the vortex generator can generate a vortex structure, the high-energy fluid of the main flow is sucked into the boundary layer by the entrainment effect of the vortex, the low-energy fluid in the boundary layer is reversely pushed out of the boundary layer to enter the main flow, the energy exchange of the internal fluid and the external fluid is completed, the boundary layer is thinned, and therefore the thermal resistance is reduced.

Description

Novel oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generator
Technical Field
A novel elliptical twisted tube heat exchanger with a vortex generator can be applied to the industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, power, nuclear energy, metallurgy, refrigeration, aerospace and the like, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchange.
Background
In recent years, along with the increasingly prominent contradictions of rapid increase of energy demand, deep development and rapid depletion of land oil and gas resources, aggravation of environmental pollution and the like, all countries in the world pay high attention to exploitation and utilization of marine natural gas resources. The natural gas liquefaction process is one of the most critical links, and the seawater-mixed refrigerant heat exchanger matched with the natural gas liquefaction process is the more important research direction.
The seawater-mixed refrigerant heat exchanger is mainly used for multi-stage cooling/condensation multi-stage compression media (mixed refrigerant) as key equipment in a mixed refrigerant liquefaction process, has the characteristics of large load, large energy consumption influence and the like, has no localization of reliable high-efficiency heat exchange elements, and relates to the problem of sensitive energy safety, the western developed countries always carry out technical blockade on China, and the technical research work of related design, manufacture, inspection and the like needs to be urgently developed.
In the heat exchanger of sea water-mixed refrigerant, the intensified heat transfer tube developed based on intensified heat transfer technology mainly includes spiral groove tube, corrugated tube and internal finned tube, etc. all of these methods change the flow characteristics of fluid by means of rotational flow and turbulent flow element, raise the mixing degree between heat transfer media or destroy the boundary layer of turbulent convective heat transfer. When the fluid is in a turbulent flow area, the speed field and the temperature field of the core area of the fluid are relatively uniform, the thermal resistance at the moment is mainly the thermal resistance of a boundary layer close to the wall surface of the fluid, and the boundary layer of a viscous bottom layer is damaged, so that the thickness of the boundary layer is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient can be effectively improved.
Comprehensive analysis on the research of the existing enhanced heat transfer pipe finds that the research mainly aims at changing the heat transfer area of the traditional heat transfer pipe, increasing the turbulence degree of fluid, destroying the boundary layer of the fluid and the like, and the research of forming a vortex structure by introducing a vortex generator into the enhanced heat transfer pipe is rare.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a novel elliptical twisted tube heat exchanger with a vortex generator, which has the advantages that: when fluid flows in the pipe, the oval spiral twisted channel structure in the pipe easily enables the fluid to generate rotation and secondary vortex in the flowing process, so that the turbulence degree is increased, and the heat exchange coefficient is improved. The fluid outside the pipe flows longitudinally, and is periodically changed along the outer surface in the longitudinal direction to generate rotary motion and periodically generate material flow separation and mixing, so that a boundary layer and dirt near the wall surface are damaged. In addition, the vortex generator arranged on the outer surface of the reinforced heat transfer pipe can generate a vortex structure, the entrainment effect of the vortex sucks high-energy fluid of the main flow into the boundary layer, low-energy fluid in the boundary layer is pushed out of the boundary layer reversely to enter the main flow, the energy exchange of the internal fluid and the external fluid is completed, particularly, the thickness of a liquid film can be reduced while the boundary layer is thinned during condensation, and therefore the thermal resistance is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a novel oval twisted tube heat exchanger with a vortex generator mainly comprises a tube box 1, tube plates 2 and 5, a shell 3, a heat exchange tube 4, an end enclosure 6 and other parts. The heat exchange tube 4 is composed of an inlet straight tube section 7, an outer finned tube 9 with an oval twisted tube 12 structure and an outlet straight tube section 8. The number and arrangement mode of the heat exchange tubes 4 can be determined according to actual working conditions.
The two ends of the outer finned tube 9 are respectively connected with an inlet straight tube section 7 and an outlet straight tube section 8, and the straight tube sections on the two sides and the outer finned tube 9 are in smooth transition.
The straight pipe lengths of the inlet straight pipe section 7 and the outlet straight pipe section 8 can be made into different lengths according to different working conditions; the cross section of the inlet straight pipe section 7 and the outlet straight pipe section 8 can be circular or oval.
The outer finned tube 9 comprises fin plates 10, 13 with vortex generators 11 and an oval twisted tube 12.
The twist lead, twist length and twist angle of the oval twisted tube 12 can be determined according to actual working conditions.
The cross section of the elliptic twisted pipe 12 is an ellipse, and the major axis and the minor axis of the pipe diameter can be determined according to actual conditions.
The fin plates 10 and 13 with the vortex generators 11 and capable of being attached to the oval twisted tubes 12 are divided into upper fin plates and lower fin plates which are connected in a welding mode.
The shape of the vortex generators 11 on the fin plates 10, 13 mainly has a triangular shape, a double-blade shape, and the like.
The main parameters of the vortex generator 11 include the side length a of the isosceles triangle on the bottom surface, the trailing edge distance b of the blade, the waist length c and the height h.
The arrangement of the vortex generators 11 on the fin plates 10, 13 is divided into two broad categories, namely regular and irregular distribution; the regular distribution means that the vortex generators 11 on the same straight line are arranged along the central axes of the fin plates 10 and 13 in a certain mathematical function relational expression; the irregular distribution means that the arrangement of the vortex generators 11 along the same axis is disordered and cannot be expressed by a mathematical functional relation.
The arrangement of the vortex generators 11 is various, that is, the vortex generators 11 on adjacent straight lines may be arranged in parallel or staggered, and the optimal scheme may be determined according to specific working conditions.
The tube used by the heat exchange tube 4 mainly comprises carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy and other special metals.
The manufacturing process of the fin plates 10 and 13 with the vortex generators 11 and capable of being attached to the oval twisted tube 12 can adopt a die stamping forming method, the oval twisted tube 12 with the vortex generator 11 solid structure is used as a male die, the smooth oval twisted tube 12 is used as a female die, and contour lines corresponding to the projection of the vortex generator 11 solid structure on the oval twisted tube 12 are cut on the female die; for a thin material workpiece, in order to facilitate the manufacture of a die, matched processing is adopted, a male die of a reference part is firstly processed, and then a female die is prepared according to the size of the reference part; during stamping, the tonnage of the press is reasonably selected, the male die gradually descends and enables materials in the contour line to cling to the surface of the solid structure of the vortex generator 11 to deform downwards until the male die is completely attached to the female die, then the press is lifted, the female die is taken out, the upper and lower outer fin plates 10 and 13 attached to the oval twisted tube are manufactured, the outer fin plates are welded on the oval twisted tube 12 through a brazing process, and finally the outer fin tube 9 is formed.
The whole structure of the heat exchange tube 4 can also adopt a 3D printing technology, firstly, the heat exchange tube is modeled by computer aided design or animation modeling software, and then the built three-dimensional model is divided into sections layer by layer, so that the printer is guided to print and form layer by layer. The technology does not need machining or any die, reduces the difficulty to a certain extent, greatly shortens the development period of products, reduces the cost and simultaneously improves the production efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the vortex generator is arranged on the basis of the oval twisted tube, a vortex structure can be generated, the high-energy fluid of the main flow is sucked into the boundary layer by the vortex sucking effect, the low-energy fluid in the boundary layer is reversely pushed out of the boundary layer to enter the main flow, the energy exchange of the internal fluid and the external fluid is completed, the boundary layer is thinned, and the thermal resistance is reduced.
2. The special structure of the elliptic twisted pipe, whether outside or inside, can cause the fluid to generate complex rotary motion to destroy the fluid boundary layer, thus strengthening the heat transfer process, inhibiting scaling and having self-cleaning function.
3. The arrangement modes of the vortex generators on the outer finned tubes are flexible and various, and can be determined according to the requirements of actual working conditions.
4. Compared with an elliptical twisted pipe, the vortex generator can increase the heat transfer area and improve the heat transfer efficiency.
5. Characteristic parameters of the vortex generator include: the side length a of the isosceles triangle on the bottom surface, the rear edge distance b of the blade, the waist length c and the height h are selected to be suitable parameters, so that the flow resistance in the pipe can be effectively reduced while the heat transfer is enhanced.
6. The usable pipe has a wide range and mainly comprises carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy and other special metals.
7. The manufacturing process is suitable for high-pressure condensation, and compared with the conventional method of directly welding the vortex generator on the oval twisted tube, the method is more reliable and the structure is more stable. In addition, the point contact of the long axis of the adjacent tubes in the heat exchanger can save the baffle plate, and the self-supporting function is realized.
In a word, on the basis of the oval twisted tube heat exchanger, the vortex structure can be formed by arranging the vortex generator, so that the secondary flow of fluid is increased, the boundary layer is thinned, the turbulence degree is increased, and the heat transfer characteristic of the oval twisted tube heat exchanger with the vortex generator is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an oval twisted tube heat exchanger with a vortex generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present invention (the vortex generator has a triangular shape and a double-blade shape).
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a smooth oval twisted tube in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention after brazing the upper and lower fin plates (triangular and double-bladed).
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a vortex generator on a fin plate according to an embodiment of the present invention (triangular and double-bladed shape).
In the figure: 1-a pipe box; 2, a tube plate; 3, a shell; 4, heat exchange tubes; 5, a tube plate; 6, sealing the head; 7-an inlet straight tube section; 8-an outlet straight pipe section; 9-outer finned tube with elliptic twisted tube structure; 10-upper fin plate; 11-a vortex generator; 12-an elliptical twisted tube; 13-lower fin plate; a is the side length of an isosceles triangle; b, blade trailing edge spacing; c-waist length: h-high.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams only to schematically illustrate the basic structure of the present invention.
The oval twisted tube heat exchanger with the vortex generator provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, various forms and wide application range, particularly relates to the aspect of condensation, and in addition, the point contact at the long axis of the adjacent tubes among tube bundles can save a baffle plate to play a self-supporting role. The enhanced heat transfer pipe achieves the purpose of enhancing heat transfer by increasing the heat transfer area and forming a vortex structure so as to reduce the boundary layer. When fluid flows in the pipe, the oval spiral twisted channel structure in the pipe easily enables the fluid to generate rotation and secondary vortex in the flowing process, so that the turbulence degree is increased, and the heat exchange coefficient is improved. The vortex generator arranged on the outer surface of the oval twisted pipe can generate a vortex structure, the high-energy fluid of the main flow is sucked into the boundary layer by the entrainment effect of the vortex, the low-energy fluid in the boundary layer is reversely pushed out of the boundary layer to enter the main flow, the energy exchange of the inner fluid and the outer fluid is completed, the boundary layer is thinned, the thermal resistance is reduced, and the heat transfer characteristic of the oval twisted pipe is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the oval twisted tube heat exchanger with the vortex generator in this embodiment mainly includes a tube box 1, a tube plate 2, a tube plate 5, a shell 3, a heat exchange tube 4, and a head 6, and other components are still in the structural form of a common shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Wherein the heat exchange tube 4 comprises an inlet straight tube section 7, an outer finned tube 9 having an oval twisted tube 12 configuration, and an outlet straight tube section 8. As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a heat exchange tube according to an embodiment of the present invention (the vortex generator has a triangular shape and a double-blade shape). The oval spiral twisted channel structure in the heat exchange tube 4 is easy to cause the fluid to generate rotation and secondary vortex in the flowing process, thereby increasing the turbulence degree and improving the heat exchange coefficient. The two ends of the outer finned tube 9 are respectively connected with an inlet straight tube section 7 and an outlet straight tube section 8, and the straight tube sections at the two sides and the outer finned tube 9 are in smooth transition; the straight pipe lengths of the inlet straight pipe section 7 and the outlet straight pipe section 8 can be made into different lengths according to different working conditions; the cross sections of the inlet straight pipe section 7 and the outlet straight pipe section 8 can be circular or oval; the outer finned tube 9 comprises an elliptical twisted tube 12 and a fin plate which is provided with a vortex generator 11 and can be tightly attached to the elliptical twisted tube 12; the fin plates are divided into an upper fin plate 10 and a lower fin plate 13, and the two fin plates are brazed on the oval twisted tube through a brazing process; the structure of the vortex generator 11 on the fin plate can be in the form of a triangle, a double blade and the like; the vortex generator 11 can generate a vortex structure, the entrainment effect of the vortex sucks the high-energy fluid of the main flow into the boundary layer, and reversely pushes the low-energy fluid in the boundary layer out of the boundary layer to enter the main flow, so that the energy exchange of the fluid inside and outside is completed, the boundary layer is thinned, and the thermal resistance is reduced; the main parameters of the vortex generator microstructure comprise the side length a of an isosceles triangle on the bottom surface, the distance b between the trailing edges of the blades, the waist length c and the height h; the vortex generators are arranged in various ways, and can be arranged in parallel or staggered.
The number and the arrangement mode of the heat exchange tubes 4 can be determined according to the actual working conditions; the range of the pipes used by the heat exchange pipe 4 is wide, and the pipes mainly comprise carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper and copper alloy and other special metals; the whole structure of the heat exchange tube 4 can be modeled by computer aided design or animation modeling software by adopting a 3D printing technology, and the built three-dimensional model is partitioned into sections layer by layer, so that a printer is guided to print and form layer by layer. The technology does not need mechanical processing or any mould, reduces the difficulty to a certain extent, greatly shortens the development period of products, reduces the cost and simultaneously improves the production efficiency
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the oval twisted tube 12 is formed by flattening and twisting a thin-walled tube, and the twisting lead, the twisting length and the twisting angle can be determined according to actual working conditions; the cross section of the elliptic twisted pipe 12 is elliptic, and the major axis and the minor axis of the pipe diameter can be determined according to actual conditions; the manufacturing process of the fin plates 10 and 13 with the vortex generators 11 can also adopt a method of die stamping forming, an elliptical twisted tube 12 with a solid structure of the vortex generators 11 is used as a male die, a smooth elliptical twisted tube 12 is used as a female die, and contour lines corresponding to the projections of the solid structure of the vortex generators 11 on the elliptical twisted tube 12 are cut on the female die; for a thin material workpiece, in order to facilitate the manufacture of a die, matched processing is adopted, a male die of a reference part is firstly processed, and then a female die is prepared according to the size of the reference part; during stamping, the tonnage of a press is reasonably selected, the male die gradually descends and enables materials in the contour line to cling to the surface of the solid structure of the vortex generator 11 to deform downwards until the male die is completely attached to the female die, then the press is lifted, the female die is taken out, and the forming of the fin plates 10 and 13 is completed; the fin plates 10 and 13 with the vortex generators 11 are tightly attached to the oval twisted tube 12, and the two are connected by brazing.
As shown in fig. 5, the shape of the vortex generator 11 on the heat exchange tube 4 mainly has a triangular shape, a double-blade shape, etc.; the main parameters of the vortex generator 11 include the side length a of the isosceles triangle on the bottom surface, the trailing edge distance b of the blade, the waist length c and the height h; the arrangement of the vortex generators 11 on the fin plates 10, 13 is divided into two broad categories, namely regular and irregular distribution; the regular distribution means that the vortex generators 11 on the same straight line are arranged along the central axes of the fin plates 10 and 13 in a certain mathematical function relational expression; the irregular distribution means that the arrangement of the vortex generators 11 along the same axis is disordered and cannot be expressed by a certain mathematical function relation; the arrangement of the vortex generators 11 is various, that is, the vortex generators 11 on adjacent straight lines may be arranged in parallel or staggered, and the optimal scheme may be determined according to specific working conditions.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides an oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generator which characterized in that: the heat exchange tube is composed of tube boxes (1), tube plates (2, 5), a shell (3), a heat exchange tube (4) and a seal head (6), wherein the heat exchange tube (4) is composed of an inlet straight tube section (7), an outer finned tube (9) with an oval twisted tube (12) structure and an outlet straight tube section (8); the two ends of the outer finned tube (9) are respectively connected with an inlet straight tube section (7) and an outlet straight tube section (8), and the straight tube sections at the two sides and the outer finned tube (9) are in smooth transition; the cross sections of the inlet straight pipe section (7) and the outlet straight pipe section (8) are circular or oval; the outer finned tube (9) consists of fin plates (10, 13) with vortex generators (11) and an elliptical twisted tube (12); the fin plates (10, 13) which are provided with the vortex generators (11) and can be attached to the oval twisted tube (12) are divided into an upper fin plate and a lower fin plate, and the upper fin plate and the lower fin plate are welded on the oval twisted tube (12) in a brazing mode; the parameters of the vortex generator (11) comprise the side length a of an isosceles triangle on the bottom surface, the trailing edge distance b of the blade, the waist length c and the height h; the arrangement of the vortex generators (11) on the fin plates (10, 13) is divided into two broad categories, namely regular and irregular distribution;
the vortex generators (11) on the adjacent straight lines are arranged in parallel or staggered;
the manufacturing process of the fin plates (10 and 13) with the vortex generators (11) and capable of being attached to the oval twisted tube (12) adopts a die stamping forming method, the oval twisted tube (12) with the solid structure of the vortex generators (11) is used as a male die, the smooth oval twisted tube (12) is used as a female die, and contour lines corresponding to the projection of the solid structure of the vortex generators (11) on the oval twisted tube (12) are cut on the female die; for a thin material workpiece, in order to facilitate the manufacture of a die, matched processing is adopted, a male die of a reference part is firstly processed, and then a female die is prepared according to the size of the reference part; during stamping, the tonnage of the press is reasonably selected, the male die gradually descends and enables materials in the contour line to cling to the surface of the solid structure of the vortex generator (11) to deform downwards until the male die is completely attached to the female die, then the press is lifted, the female die is taken out, and the forming of the fin plates (10 and 13) is completed.
2. The oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generators of claim 1, wherein: the straight pipe lengths of the inlet straight pipe section (7) and the outlet straight pipe section (8) can be made into different lengths according to different working conditions; the twisting lead, the twisting length and the twisting angle of the elliptical twisting pipe (12) are determined according to actual working conditions; the cross section of the elliptic twisted pipe (12) is elliptic, and the major axis and the minor axis of the pipe diameter of the elliptic twisted pipe are determined according to actual conditions; the vortex generators (11) on the fin plates (10, 13) are triangular or double-blade-shaped; the arrangement of the vortex generators (11) on the fin plates (10, 13) is divided into two broad categories, namely regular and irregular distribution; the regular distribution means that the vortex generators (11) on the same straight line are arranged along the central axes of the fin plates (10, 13) in a certain mathematical function relational expression; the irregular distribution refers to the disordered arrangement of the vortex generators (11) along the same axis and cannot be expressed by a certain mathematical functional relation.
CN201810986550.3A 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 Novel oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generator Active CN108917436B (en)

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CN115062439B (en) * 2022-07-27 2022-11-25 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Simplified model construction method, device, equipment and readable storage medium

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