CN108917436A - A kind of novel oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator - Google Patents

A kind of novel oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108917436A
CN108917436A CN201810986550.3A CN201810986550A CN108917436A CN 108917436 A CN108917436 A CN 108917436A CN 201810986550 A CN201810986550 A CN 201810986550A CN 108917436 A CN108917436 A CN 108917436A
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China
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vortex generator
oval
tube
fin plate
heat exchange
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CN108917436B (en
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马杰
张镇
凌祥
李鑫
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/02Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator of the invention, is mainly made of parts such as bobbin carriage, tube sheet, shell, heat exchanger tube, end sockets, and wherein heat exchanger tube includes entrance straight pipe, the external finned tube with oval twisted tube structure and outlet straight pipe;The heat exchanger tube manages the helically twisted channel design of interior ellipse, the external finned tube, the fin plate that can be fitted closely with oval twisted tube comprising oval twisted tube and with vortex generator;The fin plate is divided into fin plate and lower fin plate, and two pieces of fin plates are soldered on oval twisted tube by soldering processes;Vortex generator structure on the fin plate can be the forms such as triangle, twayblade;The vortex generator can produce vortex structure, the Involving velocity in whirlpool enters the high-energy fluid volume inspiration of mainstream in boundary layer, and the anti-boundary layer of releasing of low energy fluid in boundary layer is entered mainstream, completes the energy exchange of interior outer fluid, boundary layer is thinned, to reduce thermal resistance.

Description

A kind of novel oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator
Technical field
A kind of novel oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator, can be applied to petroleum, chemical industry, power, core The industrial aspects such as energy, metallurgy, refrigeration, aerospace, belong to technical field of heat exchange.
Background technique
In recent years, as energy demand rapid growth, land petroleum resources deep development and rapid exhausted, environmental pollution add Play etc. is contradictory to become increasingly conspicuous, and countries in the world are paid much attention to exploitation and using offshore natural gas resource.And natural gas liquid chemical industry Skill is one of link of most critical, and matched seawater-azeotrope heat exchanger is even more focus on research direction.
Seawater-azeotrope heat exchanger is mainly used for multistage cold as the key equipment in azeotrope liquefaction flow path But/condensation multi-stage compression medium (azeotrope), has the characteristics that load is big, energy consumption is big, due to reliability high efficient heat exchanging Element not yet realizes production domesticization, and due to being related to sensitive energy security problem, western developed country carries out skill to China always Art block, the technical research such as relevant design, manufacture, inspection work are urgently unfolded.
In seawater-azeotrope heat exchanger, the augmentation of heat transfer pipe based on heat transfer enhancement technology exploitation mainly has helicla flute Pipe, spiral groove pipe, bellows, interior finned tube etc., these methods are all to change the flowing spy of fluid by eddy flow and turbulent element Property, the mixability between heat transfer medium is improved, or destroy the boundary layer of turbulent convection heat exchange.Fluid in turbulent region, The velocity field of core space and temperature field are all relatively uniform, and thermal resistance at this time is mainly the thermal resistance close to the boundary layer of fluid wall surface, The boundary layer for destroying viscous sublayer can effectively improve heat transfer coefficient to reduce boundary layer thickness.
Research of the comprehensive analysis to existing augmentation of heat transfer pipe, discovery research mainly change the heat-transfer area of conventional heat transfer pipe Product, the less turbulence for increasing fluid and the boundary layer for destroying fluid etc., and vortex generator is introduced in augmentation of heat transfer pipe, shape It is rarely found at the research of vortex structure.
Summary of the invention
For problems described above, the present invention provides a kind of novel oval twisted tube heat exchange with vortex generator Device the advantage is that:When fluid flows in pipe, the helically twisted channel design of interior ellipse is managed, is easy to flow fluid Rotation and secondary vortex flow are generated during dynamic, to increase turbulent extent, improve the coefficient of heat transfer.Extratubal fluid does longitudinal flow, Along outer surface in the change of longitudinal generating period, generates rotary motion and periodically generation logistics separation and mix, destroy The boundary layer of near wall and dirt.In addition, the vortex generator in the setting of augmentation of heat transfer tube outer surface can produce vortex structure, The Involving velocity in whirlpool enters the volume inspiration of the high-energy fluid of mainstream in boundary layer, and releases boundary layer for low energy fluid in boundary layer is counter Into mainstream, the energy exchange of interior outer fluid is completed, especially can also reduce boundary layer by liquid while being thinned in condensation Film thickness, to reduce thermal resistance.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention realizes by following technical solution:A kind of novel sends out with vortex The oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe of raw device is mainly made of parts such as bobbin carriage 1, tube sheet 2,5, shell 3, heat exchanger tube 4, end sockets 6.It is described Heat exchanger tube 4 is made of entrance straight pipe 7, the external finned tube 9 with oval 12 structure of twisted tube and outlet straight pipe 8.It is described The number and arrangement mode of heat exchanger tube 4 can be determined according to actual condition.
The both ends of the external finned tube 9 respectively connected entrance straight pipe 7 and outlet straight pipe 8, the straight pipe of two sides and External finned tube 9 is used and is smoothly transitted.
The entrance straight pipe 7, the length of straight pipe for exporting straight pipe 8 can produce different length according to different operating conditions; The entrance straight pipe 7, the section for exporting straight pipe 8 can be round or ellipse.
The external finned tube 9 includes fin plate 10,13 and oval twisted tube 12 with vortex generator 11.
Distortion lead, distortion length and the twist angle of the ellipse twisted tube 12 can be determined according to actual condition.
The section of the ellipse twisted tube 12 is ellipse, and the long axis and short axle of caliber can be determines according to actual conditions.
It is described with vortex generator 11, can be bonded with oval twisted tube 12 10,13 points of fin plate be upper fin plate and Lower fin plate, the two connect by welding.
The shape of vortex generator 11 on the fin plate 10,13 mainly has triangle, twayblade shape etc..
The major parameter of the vortex generator 11 includes the side length a of bottom surface isosceles triangle, trailing edge spacing b, waist Long c and high h.
Arrangement of the vortex generator 11 on fin plate 10,13 is divided into two major classes, i.e. regularity and non-regularity point Cloth;Regularity distribution refers to the vortex generator 11 on same straight line along fin plate 10,13 central axis in certain mathematical function Relational expression arrangement;Non-regularity distribution refers to that the arrangement of the vortex generator 11 on same axis is unordered in a jumble, nothing Method is expressed with certain mathematical function relationship formula.
The arrangement mode of the vortex generator 11 is various, i.e., the vortex generator 11 on adjacent straight line can cloth arranged side by side It sets, can also can determine preferred plan according to specific operating condition with interlaced arrangement.
Tubing used in the heat exchanger tube 4 mainly include carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy, copper and Copper alloy and other specialty metals.
The manufacturing process with vortex generator 11, the fin plate 10,13 that can be bonded with oval twisted tube 12 can be with Using the molding method of mould punching, it regard the oval twisted tube 12 with 11 entity structure of vortex generator as punch-pin, it is smooth Oval twisted tube 12 be used as cavity plate, and determine with 11 entity structure of vortex generator on cavity plate in oval 12 upslide of twisted tube Contour line corresponding to shadow;It should be using cooperation processing, first machining benchmark for the ease of the manufacture of mold for thin material workpiece Then part punch-pin manufactures cavity plate according to the size of standard;When punching press, press tonnage is reasonably selected, punch-pin gradually declines And the material in contour line is made to be close to deforming downwards for 11 entity structure of vortex generator, until punch-pin and cavity plate are complete Full fitting, then promotes press machine, takes out cavity plate, is made into the outer fin plate 10,13 that upper and lower two panels is bonded with oval twisted tube, It is welded on oval twisted tube 12 by soldering processes, is finally completed the molding of external finned tube 9.
The heat exchanger tube 4, overall structure can also use 3D printing technique, first pass through CAD or animation Modeling software modeling, then by the threedimensional model built up " subregion " at layer-by-layer section, to instruct the layer-by-layer printing shaping of printer. The technology reduces difficulty to a certain extent, substantially reduces the lead time of product without machining or any mold, Production efficiency is improved while reducing cost.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the novel oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator is provided with whirlpool on the basis of oval twisted tube Flow-generator, can produce vortex structure, and the Involving velocity in whirlpool enters the high-energy fluid volume inspiration of mainstream in boundary layer, and by boundary The anti-boundary layer of releasing of low energy fluid enters mainstream in layer, completes the energy exchange of interior outer fluid, while boundary layer is thinned, reduces Thermal resistance.
2, in the outer still pipe of the special construction of oval twisted tube, either pipe, fluid can all be made to generate complicated rotation fortune It is dynamic, fluid boundary layer is destroyed, so that diabatic process is strengthened, while fouling can be inhibited, there is self-cleaning action.
3, the arrangement of vortex generator is versatile and flexible on external finned tube, can determine according to the actual working conditions.
4, compared with oval twisted tube, the setting of vortex generator can increase heat transfer area, improve heat transfer efficiency.
5, the characteristic parameter of vortex generator includes:Side length a, trailing edge spacing b, the long c of waist of bottom surface isosceles triangle And high h, suitable parameter is selected, while augmentation of heat transfer, the flow resistance in pipe can also be effectively reduced.
6, workable tubing range is wide, mainly includes carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy, copper and copper Alloy and other specialty metals.
7, the manufacturing process is condensed suitable for high pressure, with the conventional direct welding vortex generator phase on oval twisted tube Than this mode is relatively reliable, and structure is also more stable.In addition, the point contact at the long axis of inner tube of heat exchanger interfascicular adjacent tubes Baffle plate can be saved, play the role of self-supporting.
In short, the present invention on the basis of ellipse distorts heat exchange of heat pipe, by the way that vortex generator is arranged, can form whirlpool knot Boundary layer is thinned to increase fluid Secondary Flow in structure, increases turbulivity, further increases the oval torsion with vortex generator The heat-transfer character of curved tube heat exchanger.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe overall structure diagram of the present invention with vortex generator.
Fig. 2 is the heat exchanger tube schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention (vortex generator is triangle and twayblade shape).
Fig. 3 is the smooth oval twisted tube schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram (triangle and the twayblade after the upper fin plate of the embodiment of the present invention, lower fin plate soldering connection Shape).
Fig. 5 is planar development schematic diagram (triangle and the twayblade of vortex generator on the fin plate of the embodiment of the present invention Shape).
In figure:1-bobbin carriage;2-tube sheets;3-shells;4-heat exchanger tubes;5-tube sheets;6-end sockets;7-entrance straight pipes; 8-outlet straight pipes;9-have the external finned tube of oval twisted tube structure;10-upper fin plates;11-vortex generators; 12-oval twisted tubes;13-lower fin plates;A-isosceles triangle side length;B-trailing edge spacing;C-waist is long:h— It is high.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description.These attached drawings are simplified schematic diagram, only with schematically illustrate basic structure of the invention.
Oval twisted tube heat exchanger structure provided by the present invention with vortex generator is simple, various informative, is applicable in Range is wide, more particularly to condensation aspect, in addition, the point contact at the long axis of interbank adjacent tubes can save baffle plate, plays The effect of self-supporting.Augmentation of heat transfer pipe is passed by increasing heat transfer area and forming vortex structure, so that boundary layer be thinned and reach reinforcing The purpose of heat.When fluid flows in pipe, the helically twisted channel design of interior ellipse is managed, is easy to flow over fluid Rotation and secondary vortex flow are generated in journey, to increase turbulent extent, improve the coefficient of heat transfer.In oval distortion tube outer surface setting Vortex generator can produce vortex structure, and the Involving velocity in whirlpool enters the high-energy fluid volume inspiration of mainstream in boundary layer, and by side The anti-boundary layer of releasing of low energy fluid enters mainstream in interlayer, completes the energy exchange of interior outer fluid, while boundary layer is thinned, subtracts Small thermal resistance, and then improve the heat-transfer character of oval twisted tube.
As shown in Figure 1, the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator of the present embodiment, mainly by bobbin carriage 1, tube sheet 2, the parts such as tube sheet 5, shell 3, heat exchanger tube 4, end socket 6 form, other components are still the structure in common shell-and-tube heat exchanger Form.Wherein heat exchanger tube 4 includes entrance straight pipe 7, the external finned tube 9 with oval 12 structure of twisted tube and outlet straight pipe 8.As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the heat exchanger tube schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention (vortex generator is triangle and twayblade shape).It changes The helically twisted channel design of ellipse, is easy that fluid is made to generate rotation and secondary vortex flow in flow process in its pipe of heat pipe 4, To increase turbulent extent, the coefficient of heat transfer is improved.The both ends of external finned tube 9 respectively connected entrance straight pipe 7 and outlet straight tube Section 8, the straight pipe and external finned tube 9 of two sides, which use, to smoothly transit;Entrance straight pipe 7, the length of straight pipe for exporting straight pipe 8 can be according to Different length is produced according to different operating conditions;Entrance straight pipe 7, the section for exporting straight pipe 8 can be round or ellipse;Outside Finned tube 9 includes oval twisted tube 12 and the fin that can be fitted closely with oval twisted tube 12 with vortex generator 11 Plate;The fin plate is divided into fin plate 10 and lower fin plate 13, and two pieces of fin plates are soldered to oval distortion by soldering processes Guan Shang;11 structure of vortex generator on the fin plate can be the forms such as triangle, twayblade;The vortex generator 11 It can produce vortex structure, the Involving velocity in whirlpool enters the high-energy fluid volume inspiration of mainstream in boundary layer, and by low energy in boundary layer The anti-boundary layer of releasing of fluid enters mainstream, completes the energy exchange of interior outer fluid, boundary layer is thinned, to reduce thermal resistance;Institute State vortex generator micro-structure major parameter include the side length a of bottom surface isosceles triangle, trailing edge spacing b, the long c of waist and High h;The arrangement mode multiplicity of the vortex generator, can be arranged in juxtaposition, can also be with interlaced arrangement.
The number and arrangement mode of heat exchanger tube 4 can be determined according to actual condition;Tubing range used in heat exchanger tube 4 is wide It is wealthy, it mainly include carbon steel, stainless steel, steel and steel alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy, copper and copper alloy and other specialty metals;Heat exchange 4 overall structure of pipe can use 3D printing technique, first pass through CAD or the modeling of animation modeling software, then will build up Threedimensional model " subregion " at layer-by-layer section, to instruct the layer-by-layer printing shaping of printer.The technology without machining or Any mold, reduces difficulty to a certain extent, substantially reduces the lead time of product, improves while reducing cost Production efficiency
As shown in Figure 3,4, oval twisted tube 12 by thin-wall tube flattening distort, distortion lead, distortion length and Twist angle can be determined according to actual condition;The section of oval twisted tube 12 is ellipse, and the long axis and short axle of caliber can bases Actual conditions determine;The manufacturing process of fin plate 10,13 with vortex generator 11 can also be molding using mould punching Method regard the oval twisted tube 12 with 11 entity structure of vortex generator as punch-pin, smooth 12 conduct of oval twisted tube Cavity plate, and determined on cavity plate and project corresponding contour line on oval twisted tube 12 with 11 entity structure of vortex generator; It should be using cooperation processing, first machining benchmark part punch-pin, then according to base for the ease of the manufacture of mold for thin material workpiece The size of quasi- part manufactures cavity plate;When punching press, press tonnage is reasonably selected, punch-pin gradually declines and makes the material in contour line It is close to deforming downwards for 11 entity structure of vortex generator, until punch-pin is bonded completely with cavity plate, then by pressure Machine is promoted, and takes out cavity plate, completes the molding of fin plate 10,13;Fin plate 10,13 and oval distortion with vortex generator 11 Pipe 12 fits closely, and the two is connected by the way of soldering.
As shown in figure 5, the shape of the vortex generator 11 on heat exchanger tube 4 mainly has triangle, twayblade shape etc.;Vortex hair The major parameter of raw device 11 includes the side length a of bottom surface isosceles triangle, trailing edge spacing b, waist long c and high h;Vortex occurs Arrangement of the device 11 on fin plate 10,13 is divided into two major classes, i.e. regularity and non-regularity distribution;Regularity distribution refers to same Vortex generator 11 on straight line is arranged along fin plate 10,13 central axis in certain mathematical function relationship expression formula;Non- rule Property distribution refer to that the arrangement of vortex generator 11 on same axis is unordered in a jumble, certain mathematical function relationship formula can not be used Expression;The arrangement mode multiplicity of vortex generator 11, i.e., the vortex generator 11 on adjacent straight line can be arranged in juxtaposition, can also be with Interlaced arrangement can determine preferred plan according to specific operating condition.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, belong to right of the present invention In the protection scope of claim.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of novel oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe with vortex generator, it is characterised in that:It is by bobbin carriage (1), tube sheet (2,5), shell (3), heat exchanger tube (4), end socket (6) part composition, wherein the heat exchanger tube (4) by entrance straight pipe (7), have The external finned tube (9) of oval twisted tube (12) structure, outlet straight pipe (8) are constituted.
2. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to claim 1 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that:The outer wing The both ends of piece pipe (9) respectively connected entrance straight pipe (7) and outlet straight pipe (8), the straight pipe and external finned tube (9) of two sides Using smoothly transitting;The entrance straight pipe (7), the section for exporting straight pipe (8) are round or ellipses;The external finned tube (9) it is made of the fin plate (10,13) and oval twisted tube (12) that have vortex generator (11).
3. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to claim 2 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that:The entrance Straight pipe (7), the length of straight pipe for exporting straight pipe (8) can produce different length according to different operating conditions;The oval distortion The distortion lead, distortion length and twist angle for managing (12) are determined according to actual condition;The section of the ellipse twisted tube (12) is Ellipse, the long axis and short axle of caliber are determines according to actual conditions.
4. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to claim 2 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that:It is described to have Vortex generator (11), the fin plate (10,13) that can be bonded with oval twisted tube (12) are divided into upper fin plate and lower fin plate, and two Person is welded on oval twisted tube (12) by way of soldering.
5. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to claim 2 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that:The fin The shape of vortex generator (11) on plate (10,13) is triangle or twayblade shape.
6. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to one of claim 2 to 5 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that: The parameter of the vortex generator (11) includes the side length a of bottom surface isosceles triangle, trailing edge spacing b, waist long c and high h.
7. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to one of claim 2 to 5 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that: Arrangement of the vortex generator (11) on fin plate (10,13) is divided into two major classes, i.e. regularity and non-regularity distribution;Rule The distribution of rule property refers to that the vortex generator (11) on same straight line is closed along fin plate (10,13) central axis in certain mathematical function It is expression formula arrangement;Non-regularity distribution refers to that the arrangement of the vortex generator (11) on same axis is unordered in a jumble, nothing Method is expressed with certain mathematical function relationship formula.
8. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to one of claim 2 to 5 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that: The arrangement mode of the vortex generator (11) is various, i.e., the vortex generator (11) on adjacent straight line can be arranged in juxtaposition, Preferred plan can be determined according to specific operating condition with interlaced arrangement.
9. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to one of claim 2 to 5 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that: The fin plate (10,13) that has vortex generator (11), can be bonded with oval twisted tube (12), manufacturing process use mould Have stamping forming method, regard the oval twisted tube (12) with vortex generator (11) entity structure as punch-pin, it is smooth Oval twisted tube (12) is used as cavity plate, and determines with vortex generator (11) entity structure on cavity plate in oval twisted tube (12) Contour line corresponding to upper projection;Thin material workpiece should first be processed for the ease of the manufacture of mold using cooperation processing Then standard punch-pin manufactures cavity plate according to the size of standard;When punching press, press tonnage is reasonably selected, punch-pin is gradually Decline and the material in contour line made to be close to deforming downwards for vortex generator (11) entity structure, until punch-pin with Cavity plate is bonded completely, then promotes press machine, takes out cavity plate, completes the molding of fin plate (10,13).
10. the oval distortion heat exchange of heat pipe according to one of claim 2 to 5 with vortex generator, it is characterised in that: The fin plate (10,13) with vortex generator (11) is fitted closely by the way of soldering with oval twisted tube (12); The overall structure of the heat exchanger tube (4) uses 3D printing technique, first passes through CAD or the modeling of animation modeling software, Again by the threedimensional model built up " subregion " at layer-by-layer section, to instruct the layer-by-layer printing shaping of printer.
CN201810986550.3A 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 Novel oval twisted tube heat exchanger with vortex generator Active CN108917436B (en)

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CN110542334A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-12-06 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Pure countercurrent shell and tube type fresh water cooler
CN114413675A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-04-29 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 Pipeline with Laval structure on inner surface and additive manufacturing method thereof
CN115062439A (en) * 2022-07-27 2022-09-16 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Simplified model construction method, device, equipment and readable storage medium

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