CN101839664A - Shell-and-tube heat exchanger and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101839664A CN101839664A CN 201010182212 CN201010182212A CN101839664A CN 101839664 A CN101839664 A CN 101839664A CN 201010182212 CN201010182212 CN 201010182212 CN 201010182212 A CN201010182212 A CN 201010182212A CN 101839664 A CN101839664 A CN 101839664A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a shell and a plurality of heat exchange tubes in the shell, wherein the shell is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet; the plurality of heat exchange tubes are provided with another fluid inlet and fluid outlet; and porous structure materials formed by sintered metal powder are filled among the shell and the heat exchange tubes and in the heat exchange tubes. The metal powder for filling is one of copper powder, aluminum powder and stainless steel powder; the filling relative density is 0.5-0.7; the metal powder filled among the tubes and in the tubes can be same or can be different; when the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is manufactured, the heat exchange tubes are firstly filled with the metal powder and then are sintered, and then the sintered heat exchange tubes are placed into the shell, and finally the metal powder is filled among the heat exchange tubes and the heat exchange tubes are sintered. The porous structure material sintered by the shell-and-tube heat exchanger effectively increases the heat exchange area, thus increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the whole device; and the heat exchanger is simple in the manufacturing method and convenient in maintenance and is beneficial for large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat exchanger, especially a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Design of heat exchanger is to make every effort to obtain high heat transfer efficiency, improves heat exchange area, reduces heat exchanger volume, quality and kinetic equation loss.Restriction down to the working environment that makes heat exchanger is minimum.
In order to improve the coefficient of heat transfer of heat exchanger, scientific workers from surface texture strengthen, the filler disturbance is strengthened, research has been carried out in aspect such as vibrating enhanced.At present, intensify heat transfer pipe has: spiral fluted tube, band pipe, screwed pipe, convergent-divergent pipe, cyclone pipe, spiral flat tube, internally finned tube and external finned tube etc.The pipe inner stuffing mainly is: helix, flight, tie, the tie that staggers, static mixer, intersection saw tooth belt, spheroid plug-in part and silk screen plug-in part.Wherein, internally finned tube and external finned tube are most widely used general, and industrial external finned tube commonly used mainly contains two kinds of forms: the one, and the wound form finned tube.It is to form fin in the copper pipe outside around copper strips, and soldering is integral again.The inboard of twining fin forms the corrugated fold.Fin is high more, and fold rises and falls big more.The existence of fold not only makes the fin pitch be difficult to reduce, and produces very big flow resistance when plunderring finned tube when air-flow is horizontal.Add the difficulty and the complicated manufacture craft of soldering, the application of wound form finned tube is very limited.The 2nd, stacked finned tube, its fin normally with copper sheet or aluminium flake through the mould drawing.Can reach tens of even hundreds of punchings on the fin, aperture flange, the height of flange have determined the pitch of fin on the finned tube.Punching is inserted in copper pipe and after expand tube is handled, and can form interference between copper pipe and fin and be connected, thereby thermal contact resistance is less.The advantage of stacked finned tube is that heat exchange area is big, tube bank unit neat appearance, good rigidly, and the air current flow resistance is little, but a kind of fin of specification can only adapt to the heat exchange operating mode of certain limit.If can adapt to different heat transfer boundary conditions preferably, just must change the specification (caliber, tube pitch, hole count and fin pitch etc.) of fin, make the punch die of fin again, but the cost of manufacture height of fin punch die, the cycle is long.This is for the heat exchanger manufacturing enterprise that is engaged in many kinds, small lot or single-piece production, and economic benefit is relatively poor.The fin unit of multitube structure best embodies the characteristics of stacked finned tube, but the cellular construction of multitube when also causing design condition to change tube bank arrange the inconvenience of adjusting, often cause heat exchanger volume excessive, heat exchange efficiency is low.Therefore, stacked finned tube exchanger relatively is fit to the approved product at product design fin, batch process.In addition, under the effect of long-term interference stress, the irregular edge of fin punching breach may occur and enlarge gradually, finally makes fin loosening, and heat exchange was lost efficacy; The inside pipe wall of handling through expand tube is too smooth, makes tube fluid be difficult for forming turbulent flow, and heat exchanging is unfavorable.And finned tube can only make inner fin or outer fin, the inside and outside fin that all processes simultaneously, and this has also limited the further raising of finned tube overall thermal efficient.Therefore, traditional heat exchangers is difficult to guarantee that its manufacturing is easy to maintenance when improving heat exchange efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of simple and reasonable, heat exchange efficiency is high, a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger and manufacture method thereof easy to maintenance are evenly made in heat exchange simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object, main technical schemes of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprise that some heat exchanger tubes are formed in housing and the housing, described housing is provided with a kind of import and outlet of fluid, described some heat exchanger tubes are provided with the import and the outlet of common one other fluid, it is characterized in that: between housing and the heat exchanger tube, the metal powder sintered porous structure material that forms is housed in the heat exchanger tube.
A kind of manufacture method of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, it is characterized in that: describedly be filled between housing and the heat exchanger tube, the porous structure material in the heat exchanger tube is to form by sintering after filling similar and different metal dust respectively, be earlier with sintering behind the filling metal dust in the heat exchanger tube, the housing of again heat exchanger tube that has loose structure behind the sintering being packed into, sintering again after filling metal dust between housing and the heat exchanger tube at last.
Described filling metal dust is any one in copper powder, aluminium powder, the powder of stainless steel.
Described filling is 0.5～0.7 with the relative density of metal dust.
Described filling metal dust is a copper powder, and its optimum process condition is: be heated to 750～850 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 90～150 minutes.
Described filling metal dust is an aluminium powder, and its optimum process condition is: be heated to 480～580 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 90～150 minutes.
Described filling metal dust is a powder of stainless steel, and its optimum process condition is: be heated to 1050～1150 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 120～180 minutes.
For principle of the present invention is described, the connection feature of sintered powder material hole is described by the geometrical model of setting up following two kinds of metal powder sintered material holes.Suppose powder ball particle size homogeneous, and all be the spheroid of standard, the geometric model simplification of piling up is become Fig. 1 and two kinds of situations of Fig. 2.First kind of model supposed powder ball particle square solid matter, removes spherical entity with mapping software, the hole between the spheroid represented with entity then the geometrical model of hole as shown in Figure 1.Second kind of model supposed the arrangement of powder ball particle square body-centered, removes spherical entity with mapping software, the hole between the spheroid represented with entity then the geometrical model of hole as shown in Figure 2.Can find out from these two kinds of geometrical models, ball particle is piled up a large amount of hole of its inner formation of back, this hole has formed the complex geometry body of hollow out, and this geometric space is continuous, this has just illustrated that it is a connected component that ball particle is piled up its hole of back, and fluid can be walked in this communication passage smoothly.The ball particle arrangement is simple more, loose more, particle size is big more, and hole is just big more; Otherwise the ball particle arrangement is complicated more, tight more, particle size is more little, and hole is just more little.Though, actual powder particle size heterogeneity, out-of-shape, the principle that particle packing forms hole is identical.After the sintering, the position that contacts between the particle realizes that metallurgical melting connects, thereby forms the porous structure material with certain intensity, and most of hole of its inside keeps being interconnected.Because the small and dense collection of porous material pore-size have very big internal surface area, so heat exchange is very abundant, the heat exchange efficiency height.
The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage:
1, between heat exchanger shell of the present invention and the heat exchanger tube, be filled with the material of loose structure in the heat exchanger tube, effectively increase heat exchange area, thereby improved the heat exchange efficiency of whole device.
2, heat exchanger manufacture method of the present invention is simple, easy to maintenance, helps producing in enormous quantities and using.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the geometrical model of metal dust ball particle hole when being square and arranging;
Fig. 2 is the geometrical model of metal dust ball particle hole when being the square body-centered and arranging;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the direction schematic diagram that the fluid of shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention flows is the partial cross sectional views of Fig. 3.
Porous structure material between porous structure material, 7-heat exchanger tube, 8-pipe in 1-shell side import among the figure, the outlet of 2-shell side, the import of 3-tube side, the outlet of 4-tube side, 5-housing, the 6-pipe.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described by following embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
Embodiment one
The structure of heat exchanger of the present invention prepares heat exchanger and at first makes heat exchanger Stainless Steel Shell 5 and stainless steel heat exchanger tube 7 respectively by the metal forming method of routine as shown in Figure 3; Press relative density 0.5 then in heat exchanger tube 7, the filling average grain diameter is 50 microns a copper powder, is heated to 800 degree Celsius after filling up in nitrogen protection atmosphere, and sintering 90 minutes forms porous structure material 6 in heat exchanger tube 7; More heat exchanger tube 7 even distributions with porous structure material 6 also are installed in the housing 5 according to a conventional method; gap between pipe is by relative density 0.7; the filling average grain diameter is 100 microns a copper powder; in nitrogen protection atmosphere, be heated to 800 degree Celsius after filling up; sintering 90 minutes; gap between pipe forms porous structure material 8, and porosity is 20%, and the size of hole is between 10 microns to 30 microns.The direction schematic diagram that fluid flows when Fig. 4 fluid A process porous structure material 6 and fluid B process porous structure material 8, promptly manage a kind of fluid A that is of interior porous structure material 6 through tube side, fluid A is advanced by some heat exchanger tube 7 common tube side imports 3, goes out from common tube side outlet 4; Through other the fluid B that is of the porous structure material 8 of shell side between promptly managing, fluid B is advanced by shell side import 1, goes out from shell side outlet 2.
Embodiment two
It is aluminium powder that present embodiment is filled with metal dust, and its process conditions are: be heated to 530 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 90 minutes.Other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three
It is powder of stainless steel that present embodiment is filled with metal dust, and its process conditions are: be heated to 1150 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 150 minutes.Other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four
The structure of heat exchanger of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, manufacturing, the installation of heat exchanger shell 5 and heat exchanger tube 7 are identical with embodiment one.Different is: the porous structure material that present embodiment is filled between housing and the heat exchanger tube, in the heat exchanger tube is to fill different metal dusts respectively, in stainless steel heat exchanger tube 7, press relative density 0.6, the filling average grain diameter is 75 microns a copper powder, in nitrogen protection atmosphere, be heated to 800 degree Celsius after filling up, sintering 90 minutes forms porous structure material 6 in heat exchanger tube 7; Gap relative density 0.6 between pipe, the filling average grain diameter is 75 microns a aluminium powder, is heated to 500 degree Celsius after filling up in nitrogen protection atmosphere, sintering 90 minutes, the gap between pipe forms porous structure material 8.
Embodiment five
The structure of heat exchanger of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, manufacturing, the installation of heat exchanger shell 5 and heat exchanger tube 7 are identical with embodiment one.Different is: the porous structure material that present embodiment is filled between housing and the heat exchanger tube, in the heat exchanger tube is to fill different metal dusts respectively, in heat exchanger tube 7, press relative density 0.6, the filling average grain diameter is 75 microns a stainless steel powder, in nitrogen protection atmosphere, be heated to 1100 degree Celsius after filling up, sintering 150 minutes forms porous structure material 6 in heat exchanger tube 7; Gap relative density 0.7 between pipe, the filling average grain diameter is 100 microns a aluminium powder, is heated to 500 degree Celsius after filling up in nitrogen protection atmosphere, sintering 90 minutes, the gap between pipe forms porous structure material 8.
Embodiment six
The structure of heat exchanger of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, manufacturing, the installation of heat exchanger shell 5 and heat exchanger tube 7 are identical with embodiment one.Different is: the porous structure material that present embodiment is filled between housing and the heat exchanger tube, in the heat exchanger tube is to fill different metal dusts respectively, in heat exchanger tube 7, press relative density 0.7, the filling average grain diameter is 100 microns a stainless steel powder, in nitrogen protection atmosphere, be heated to 1100 degree Celsius after filling up, sintering 150 minutes forms porous structure material 6 in heat exchanger tube 7; Gap relative density 0.7 between pipe, the filling average grain diameter is 100 microns a copper powder, is heated to 810 degree Celsius after filling up in nitrogen protection atmosphere, sintering 90 minutes, the gap between pipe forms porous structure material 8.
Claims (7)
1. shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprise that some heat exchanger tubes are formed in housing and the housing, described housing is provided with a kind of import and outlet of fluid, described some heat exchanger tubes are provided with the import and the outlet of common one other fluid, it is characterized in that: between housing and the heat exchanger tube, the metal powder sintered porous structure material that forms is housed in the heat exchanger tube.
2. the manufacture method of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, it is characterized in that: describedly be filled between housing and the heat exchanger tube, the porous structure material in the heat exchanger tube is to form by sintering after filling similar and different metal dust respectively, be earlier with sintering behind the filling metal dust in the heat exchanger tube, the housing of again heat exchanger tube that has loose structure behind the sintering being packed into, sintering again after filling metal dust between housing and the heat exchanger tube at last.
3. the manufacture method of a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described filling metal dust is any one in copper powder, aluminium powder, the powder of stainless steel.
4. according to the manufacture method of claim 2 or 3 described a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, it is characterized in that: described filling is 0.5～0.7 with the relative density of metal dust.
5. the manufacture method of a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described filling metal dust is a copper powder, is heated to 750～850 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 90～150 minutes.
6. the manufacture method of a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described filling metal dust is an aluminium powder, is heated to 480～580 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 90～150 minutes.
7. the manufacture method of a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described filling metal dust is a powder of stainless steel, is heated to 1050～1150 degree Celsius in protective atmosphere, sintering 120～180 minutes.
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| CN 201010182212 CN101839664A (en) | 2010-05-25 | 2010-05-25 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101975522A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-02-16 | 上海化工研究院 | High-efficient heat exchanger |
| CN102601372A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-25 | 华南理工大学 | Strengthened condensation heat transfer tube and preparation method of Strengthened condensation heat transfer tube |
| CN103742300A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-23 | 广西科技大学 | Production method of internal combustion engine exhaust gas recirculation cooler |
| CN103759567A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 宋荣凯 | Copper pipe for evaporator and manufacturing method of copper pipe |
| WO2016150303A1 (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-29 | 邱于正 | Porous heat exchanger |
| CN108548438A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of mixing chamber-shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN112595148A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-02 | 大连理工大学 | S-shaped tube bundle cross-flow type tube-shell heat exchanger based on foam metal |
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| CN1948885A (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2007-04-18 | 西安交通大学 | Double-pipe metal foam heat exchanger |
| CN101118130A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2008-02-06 | 东南大学 | Canula heat exchanger |
| CN101619942A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-06 | 河北科技大学 | Multilayer foam metal pipe shell type heat exchanger |
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2010
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| CN1948885A (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2007-04-18 | 西安交通大学 | Double-pipe metal foam heat exchanger |
| CN101118130A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2008-02-06 | 东南大学 | Canula heat exchanger |
| CN101619942A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-06 | 河北科技大学 | Multilayer foam metal pipe shell type heat exchanger |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101975522A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-02-16 | 上海化工研究院 | High-efficient heat exchanger |
| CN102601372A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-25 | 华南理工大学 | Strengthened condensation heat transfer tube and preparation method of Strengthened condensation heat transfer tube |
| CN103742300A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-23 | 广西科技大学 | Production method of internal combustion engine exhaust gas recirculation cooler |
| CN103759567A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-04-30 | 宋荣凯 | Copper pipe for evaporator and manufacturing method of copper pipe |
| WO2016150303A1 (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-29 | 邱于正 | Porous heat exchanger |
| CN108548438A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of mixing chamber-shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN112595148A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-02 | 大连理工大学 | S-shaped tube bundle cross-flow type tube-shell heat exchanger based on foam metal |
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Open date: 20100922 |