CN108914022A - A kind of preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen Download PDFInfo
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- CN108914022A CN108914022A CN201810868125.4A CN201810868125A CN108914022A CN 108914022 A CN108914022 A CN 108914022A CN 201810868125 A CN201810868125 A CN 201810868125A CN 108914022 A CN108914022 A CN 108914022A
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- sintering
- alloy
- slider bed
- bed platen
- cast
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen, and surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent are to form metallurgical bonding using cast-sintering method；The slider bed platen fertile material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface sintering alloy is by weight：Cr 15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；It is an advantage of the invention that：1, the bond strength of surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent is higher；2, with excellent comprehensive performance：Parent toughness and welding performance are good, and sintered alloy has surface hardness height, wear resistant and rustproof, unlubricated antifriction and shock resistance good；3, there is good antifriction performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, specifically a kind of preparation method of slider bed platen.
Background technique
Slider bed platen is the important component for carrying railway switch tongue and heart rail, existing since track switch is in open-air atmosphere
Cast steel slider bed platen carries and serves the working surface of sliding, low, frictional force that there are hardness greatly, it is easy on become rusty and wear no resistance
The problem of, cause tongue and heart rail that Scant displacement occurs in track switch conversion, cannot realize that safety is closely connected with track switch stock rail, directly
Connecing influences track switch conversion and train operating safety.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the problems of existing cast steel slider bed platens, provide a kind of cast-sintering slider bed platform
Plate and its production method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that：
A kind of preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen, surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent are burnt using casting
Knot method forms metallurgical bonding；
The slider bed platen fertile material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface sintering alloy is by weight：
Cr 15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；
Preparation method includes the following steps：
A kind of preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen, it is characterised in that：Surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent
It is that metallurgical bonding is formed using cast-sintering method；
The slider bed platen fertile material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface sintering alloy is by weight：
Cr 15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；
Preparation method includes the following steps：
(1) surface sintering alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by the various alloying components of surface sintering alloy by above-mentioned
It after the mixing of ratio ingredient, is heated using electric furnace, heating temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, and alloy molten steel is poured into ladle heat insulation 25-
45 minutes, powder then is made using atomization powder injection process in the alloy for forming liquid phase again, forms completely pre-alloyed surface
Sintered alloy；Chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium also generates chromium carbide, hard with boron generation chromium boride with the carbon in alloy
Matter phase；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；
(2) green compact is made in completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy powder by；
(3) cast-sintering：
Slider bed platen parent casting mold is made, green compact is fixed on slider bed platen parent casting mold lower part when molding；In electric furnace
Slider bed platen fertile material is heated to 1580-1650 DEG C, is then poured, using the heat of pour steel, green compact sintering is existed
On slider bed platen parent surface, entire sintering process is completed at the same time when being with casting slider bed platen, surface sintering alloy and slider bed
Platen parent forms one, casts metallurgical bonding.
Cast-sintering uses stack-type running gate system.
Slider bed platen parent casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter： 1900-2000℃.
The production method of the green compact：Green compact is made using hydraulic press；
Compacting pressure：15-25MPa；
Green compact thickness：3.5-5.5mm；
Alloy powder granularity requirements：200-325 mesh.
Green compact is fixed on by slider bed platen parent casting mold lower surface using bonding agent；Form stack-type running gate system：One layer
Type chamber 2-4 part, 5-9 layers of stack-type.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The bond strength of surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent is higher；
With excellent comprehensive performance：Parent toughness and welding performance are good, and sintered alloy has surface hardness high, wear-resisting
Antirust, unlubricated antifriction and shock resistance are good；With good antifriction performance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) surface sintering alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by weight by the various alloying components of surface sintering alloy
Than for：Cr 17, Ni 8, Si 3, B 2.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；After the mixing of aforementioned proportion ingredient, heated using electric furnace,
Heating temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25 minutes, and chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium is also raw with the carbon in alloy
Chromium boride hard phase is generated at chromium carbide, with boron；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；Then liquid will be formed
Powder is made using atomization powder injection process in the alloy of phase, forms completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy；
(2) green compact is made in completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy powder by；
(3) cast-sintering：
Slider bed platen parent casting mold is made, green compact is fixed on slider bed platen parent casting mold lower part when molding；In electric furnace
Slider bed platen fertile material is heated to 1580-1650 DEG C, is then poured, using the heat of pour steel, green compact sintering is existed
On slider bed platen parent surface, entire sintering process is completed at the same time when being with casting slider bed platen, surface sintering alloy and slider bed
Platen parent forms integrally casting metallurgical bonding.
Cast-sintering uses stack-type running gate system.
Slider bed platen parent casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter： 1900-2000℃.
The production method of the green compact：Green compact is made using hydraulic press；
Compacting pressure：25MPa；
Green compact thickness：3.5mm；
Alloy powder granularity requirements：200 mesh.
Green compact is fixed on by slider bed platen parent casting mold lower surface using bonding agent；Form stack-type running gate system：One layer
2, type chamber, 5 layers of stack-type.
Embodiment 2
(1) surface sintering alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by weight by the various alloying components of surface sintering alloy
Than for：Cr 15, Ni 10, Si 3, B 1.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；After the mixing of aforementioned proportion ingredient, heated using electric furnace,
Heating temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, keeps the temperature 45 minutes, and chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium is also raw with the carbon in alloy
Chromium boride hard phase is generated at chromium carbide, with boron；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；Then liquid will be formed
Powder is made using atomization powder injection process in the alloy of phase, forms completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy；
(2) green compact is made in completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy powder by；
(3) cast-sintering：
Slider bed platen parent casting mold is made, green compact is fixed on slider bed platen parent casting mold lower part when molding；In electric furnace
Slider bed platen fertile material is heated to 1580-1650 DEG C, is then poured, using the heat of pour steel, green compact sintering is existed
On slider bed platen parent surface, entire sintering process is completed at the same time when being with casting slider bed platen, surface sintering alloy and slider bed
Platen parent forms integrally casting metallurgical bonding.
Cast-sintering uses stack-type running gate system.
Slider bed platen parent casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter： 1900-2000℃.
The production method of the green compact：Green compact is made using hydraulic press；
Compacting pressure：25MPa；
Green compact thickness：5.5mm；
Alloy powder granularity requirements：325 mesh.
Green compact is fixed on by slider bed platen parent casting mold lower surface using bonding agent；Form stack-type running gate system：One layer
4, type chamber, 9 layers of stack-type.
Embodiment 3
(1) surface sintering alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by weight by the various alloying components of surface sintering alloy
Than for：Cr20, Ni 7, Si 4, B3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；After the mixing of aforementioned proportion ingredient, is heated, added using electric furnace
Hot temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, keeps the temperature 35 minutes, and chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium is also generated with the carbon in alloy
Chromium carbide generates chromium boride hard phase with boron；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；Then liquid phase will be formed
Alloy powder is made using atomization powder injection process, form completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy；
(2) green compact is made in completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy powder by；
(3) cast-sintering：
Slider bed platen parent casting mold is made, green compact is fixed on slider bed platen parent casting mold lower part when molding；In electric furnace
Slider bed platen fertile material is heated to 1580-1650 DEG C, is then poured, using the heat of pour steel, green compact sintering is existed
On slider bed platen parent surface, entire sintering process is completed at the same time when being with casting slider bed platen, surface sintering alloy and slider bed
Platen parent forms integrally casting metallurgical bonding.
Cast-sintering uses stack-type running gate system.
Slider bed platen parent casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter： 1900-2000℃.
The production method of the green compact：Green compact is made using hydraulic press；
Compacting pressure：20MPa；
Green compact thickness：4mm；
Alloy powder granularity requirements：250 mesh.
Green compact is fixed on by slider bed platen parent casting mold lower surface using bonding agent；Form stack-type running gate system：One layer
3, type chamber, 7 layers of stack-type.
In the present invention, its chemical component of the surface sintering alloy is by weight：Cr 15-20,Ni 7-10,Si
2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe, surface sintering alloy powder are to add chromium nickel using ferro element as main component
The chemical elements such as silicon boron carbon form siderochrome nisiloy boron alloy, add chromium in the alloy, the effect of nickel element is that chromium and nickel are in alloy
Middle formation solid solution, enhances the intensity and antirust corrosion resisting property of alloy, chromium also in alloy carbon and boron generate chromium carbide and boron
Change chromium hard phase；Nickel improves the hardness and wear-resisting property of alloy with the nickle silicide that silicon, boron generate together with nickel borides, in the alloy
The effect of addition silicon and boron element is that siliceous, boron element alloy powder fusing point is lower and has good deoxidation and slag making
Can, influence of the content of boron to pre-alloyed powder fusing point is shown in Table 1, and due to the increase of boron, silicon content, alloy rigidity is therewith
Increase, the hardness of alloy can be also adjusted according to the increase and decrease of boron in alloy, silicon content, boron and silicon are to pre-alloyed powder hardness
Influence, be shown in Table 2 and table 3,
Influence (Cr20, Ni 7, Si 4, B1.5-3.5, C 0.12, surplus Fe) of 1 boron of table to pre-alloyed powder fusing point
Influence (Cr20, Ni 7, Si 2.0, B1.5-3.5, C 0.12, surplus Fe) of 2 boron of table to prealloy powder hardness
Influence (Cr20, Ni 7, Si 2.0-4.0, B1.5, C 0.12, surplus Fe) of 3 silicon of table to prealloy powder hardness
The preparation method of surface sintering alloy powder is matched according to designed alloying component, in advance by various alloys
Ingredient is smelted into alloy smelting process：It is heated using electric furnace, heating temperature is 1480-1580 degrees Celsius, which can guarantee conjunction
Golden ingredient forms liquid phase, and (in fact, fusion temperature is 980-1130 degrees Celsius, but temperature is low cannot form complete liquid phase, can not
Form the metal component analyzed of front, if chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, chromium also in alloy carbon generation chromium carbide,
Chromium boride hard phase is generated with boron；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides), it then will contain various alloy members
Completely pre-alloyed powder is made using atomization powder injection process in the alloy of element, since each alloy powder particle includes composition
The various elements of alloy and it is heated when the phases such as the chromium carbide that is formed and chromium boride, therefore the alloying component of surface sintering alloy powder
Uniformity is fine, and eutectic point is more much lower than single element fusing point in alloy, in casting process, as long as liquid steel temperature reaches surface
When more than the liquidus curve of sintered alloy powder, that is, cause entire pre-alloyed powder sintering and densification process；Surface sintering alloy powder
End is as the effect of slider bed platen surface sintered alloy：Integrally casting metallurgical bonding, sintering temperature are formed with slider bed platen parent
Spend low, sintering character is good, surfacing and thickness are easily-controllable, and surface hardness is higher, friction is small, antirust is wear-resisting and good impact
Performance；
Atomization powder injection process refers to one kind of gas atomization, ultrasonic atomizatio method, common centrifugal atomization, the target of atomization
It is the more partial sizes of output in 20~45 μm of powder.Atomized powder material has following characteristics：
Material granule is thin, homogeneous materials easy to form；
The production process of dusty material：Atomization is a rapid solidification, and powder has the characteristic of subcooled material；
Forming core, crystal growth of the liquid material in atomization process are completed at moment (Millisecond), because external is strong cold
But and other surfaces and Interface Factors influence (being exactly forming core core as the oxidation film that surface is formed in atomization process), are atomized
The general forming core of drop can be since surface with crystal growth.But it when drop internal has powerful nucleation mass point, can generate
Internal forming core generates homogeneous materials.
The powder particle of surface or internal homogeneous nucleation has very beautiful powder morphology, and ingredient is uniform；And surface is different
The growth of matter forming core will form a large amount of dendrite and component segregation inside powder particle, influence the performance of functional powders material.
Liquid material purification can be reduced atomized drop inhomogeneity core, improve dusty material performance.
In the case where the external motivating force of same cooling velocity pushes, big droplet is practical to have different cooling velocity and solidification
Process, droplet is practical after bigger cooling velocity, so the tissue of small particle powder particle thinner even quasi-crystalline substance, amorphous
Deng big grain crystalline substance particle is generally polycrystalline tissue.
So possessed by size powder particle mutually and institutional framework is also different, because phase structure it is different caused by material
Performance difference is also very big.
The metal powder powder by atomization system of Huzhou Hui Jin material Science and Technology Ltd. can be used in equipment of the invention.
The slider bed platen cast-sintering method is that green compact is made in surface sintering alloy powder, makes slider bed platen
Green compact is fixed in casting mold and forms stack-type running gate system by parent casting mold, when molding, adds metal cast steel material in electric furnace
Then heat is poured to 1550-1650 degrees Celsius, when casting slider bed platen parent, overheat (referring to more than fusing point) steel using casting
The heat of water, by green compact sintering on slider bed platen parent surface, entire sintering process is complete simultaneously when being with casting slider bed platen
Integrally casting metallurgical bonding and densification are formed at, surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent, and device therefor is simple, process
It is few, it is at low cost, it can be used for producing various railway switch cast-sintering tongue and heart rail slider bed platen, be cast steel slider bed platen surface
Strengthen and a new approach is provided.
Cast-sintering slider bed platen production method of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1, slider bed platen parent casting mold is made.
2, surface sintering alloy powder compact is made.
3, it molds fixed green compact and forms stack-type running gate system.
4, cast steel melting and casting slider bed platen and sintered alloy.
5, surface sintering alloy service check.
6, cast-sintering slider bed platen machines.
Cast steel melting and casting slider bed platen and sintered alloy
Cast steel method of smelting：Using electro-smelting cast steel ZG230-450：
Cast slider bed platen：1580-1650 DEG C of molten steel cast temperature；
Cast-sintering alloy：Cause entire green compact sintering and densification process using molten steel overtemperature, to molten steel solidification
Afterwards, surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen parent form integrally casting metallurgical bonding.
Further, in step 5), surface sintering alloy service check
Appearance test：Surfacing and flawless, thickness 2.5-3.5mm, sand holes diameter < 5mm, depth < 0.5m；
Service check：Bond strength >=230Mpa, surface hardness HB：320-420, corrosion resistance：Neutral salt spray test 48-
120h is stainless, surface unlubricated friction coefficient < 0.15.
Further, step:6) in, the machining of cast-sintering slider bed platen
It burns slider bed platen to casting using numerical control mill, equipment for grinding to be machined out, alloy surface grinding direction should be kept
It is consistent with tongue and heart rail glide direction.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the application, rather than the restriction to the present patent application, as long as in the present patent application reality
The range of claims of the present invention is fallen within the scope of matter technology and methods to the variation of embodiment described above, increase and decrease
It is interior.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen, it is characterised in that：Surface sintering alloy is with slider bed platen parent
Metallurgical bonding is formed using cast-sintering method；
The slider bed platen fertile material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface sintering alloy is by weight：Cr
15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；
Preparation method includes the following steps：
(1) surface sintering alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance according to the above ratio by the various alloying components of surface sintering alloy
It after ingredient mixing, is heated using electric furnace, heating temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, and alloy molten steel is poured into ladle heat insulation 25-45 points
Then powder is made using atomization powder injection process again in the alloy for forming liquid phase by clock, form completely pre-alloyed surface sintering
Alloy；Chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium also generates chromium carbide with the carbon in alloy, generates chromium boride hard with boron
Phase；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；
(2) green compact is made in completely pre-alloyed surface sintering alloy powder by；
(3) cast-sintering：
Slider bed platen parent casting mold is made, green compact is fixed on slider bed platen parent casting mold lower part when molding；It will be slided in electric furnace
Table plate fertile material is heated to 1580-1650 DEG C, is then poured, and using the heat of pour steel, green compact is sintered in slider bed
On platen parent surface, entire sintering process is completed at the same time with casting slider bed platen, and surface sintering alloy and slider bed platen are female
The bodily form is integral, forms metallurgical bonding using cast-sintering method.
2. the preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cast-sintering is using folded
Type running gate system.
3. the preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is made of core shooter
Slider bed platen parent casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness：1900-2000℃.
4. the preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The production of the green compact
Method：Green compact is made using hydraulic press；
Compacting pressure：15-25MPa；
Green compact thickness：3.5-5.5mm；
Alloy powder granularity requirements：200-325 mesh.
5. the preparation method of cast-sintering slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It will be pressed using bonding agent
Base is fixed on slider bed platen parent casting mold lower surface；Form stack-type running gate system：One stratotype chamber 2-4 part, 5-9 layers of stack-type.
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