CN108914014A - 冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板及制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板及制备方法,该钢板化学成分按重量百分比为:C:0.12‑0.16%、Mn:0.60‑0.90%、Si≤0.05%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.01%、Als:0.02‑0.05%,其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。本发明的优点在于钢板采用低碳低锰成分设计,退火及热镀锌后钢板屈服强度达到500‑650MPa。
Description
技术领域
本申请属于冶金技术领域,特别涉及一种冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板及制备方法。
背景技术
冷轧热镀锌钢板具有耐腐蚀性强、表面质量好等优点。高强度的热镀锌钢板可以提高结构件的强度;另一方面也可在保证结构强度的前提下,降低钢板的厚度从而降低用户使用成本。因此建筑行业对高强度结构用镀锌钢板的需求逐步增加,用于轻钢结构、户外广告箱等制造。这些结构通常形状简单,对钢板的成型性能要求低。
提高钢板强度有多种方法。通常的做法是在钢中添加Nb、V、Ti等微合金元素,利用固溶强化、析出强化、细晶强化等机制提高强度,但是这种方法添加的合金元素显著增加生产成本。在汽车行业使用的高强度钢板通常采用相变强化技术,依靠退火后的快速冷却进行相变,获得铁素体+马氏体或铁素体+贝氏体等双相组织,该技术对产线设备有非常高的要求。
热轧后的钢板在冷轧轧制过程中,晶粒被压扁拉长成细条状的纤维组织,位错大量增殖,产生明显的加工硬化,普通低碳钢在冷轧轧制后强度可以达到700MPa以上。通过降低冷轧后钢板退火时的温度,控制显微组织的回复和再结晶程度,就可以充分利用加工硬化产生的强度提升,低成本生产高强度镀锌钢板。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板及制备方法,钢板采用低碳低锰成分设计,退火及热镀锌后钢板屈服强度达到500-650MPa。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本申请实施例公开了一种冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板,其化学成分按重量百分比为:C:0.12-0.16%、Mn:0.60-0.90%、Si≤0.05%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.01%、Als:0.02-0.05%,其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。
优选的,在上述冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板中,该钢板屈服强度为500-650MPa,抗拉强度为520-680MPa,延伸率为3-15%。
相应的,还公开了一种冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法,依次包括如下步骤:
1)热轧轧制工序,连铸板坯加热温度为1180-1250℃,终轧温度为820-880℃,卷取温度为600-660℃;
2)酸洗冷连轧工序,冷轧压下率55-75%;
3)退火及热镀锌工序;
4)平整工序,平整压下率0.8-2.0%。
优选的,在上述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法中,步骤3)退火及热镀锌工序中,采用美钢联法实施连续退火及热镀锌,产线配备立式退火炉,钢板进入退火炉前进行化学脱脂和电解脱脂,提高表面洁净度。
优选的,在上述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法中,步骤3)退火及热镀锌工序中,进入锌锅前的均热退火温度为560-600℃,均热时间为35-50s;进入锌锅时钢板温度为480-500℃;锌锅温度为450-470℃,锌液中Al含量为0.17-0.25%、Fe含量<0.03%。
优选的,在上述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法中,步骤3)退火及热镀锌工序中,获得的单面锌层重量为40-150g/m2。
优选的,在上述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法中,步骤4)平整工序中,采用直径400-500mm的小辊径平整辊。
与现有技术相比,本发明有益效果在于:
(1)采用低碳低锰成分设计,未添加Nb、V、Ti等昂贵合金元素;利用冷轧轧制时产生的加工硬化在退火前获得高强度,此后在较低的温度下退火,通过退火温度来调节钢板强度,该成分设计结合低温退火工艺,生产成本低;
(2)退火过程采用高带速,在560-600℃退火温度下,钢板在均热退火段的通过时间为35-50s,高带速有利于减少晶粒回复和再结晶的程度,同时增加生产效率;
(3)采用立式连续退火炉进行热处理,与卧式退火炉相比,生产效率高,表面质量好;
(4)采用小辊径平整辊有利于减少平整轧制力,通过平整压下量的控制,可以进一步调整带钢强度。
通过本发明成分和制备方法获得的高强度镀锌钢板,其典型金相组织为纤维状轧硬组织+少量再结晶铁素体+少量碳化物,屈服强度为500-650MPa,抗拉强度为520-680MPa,延伸率为3~15%,钢板生产成本低,表面质量优良,耐腐蚀性能好。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1所示为实施例1中冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板金相显微组织照片。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行详细的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
经LF精炼并浇铸获得的连铸坯成分如下(质量百分比):C,0.13%;Mn,0.79%;Si,0.01%;P,0.015%;S,0.0051%;Als,0.034%;余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。连铸坯在步进式加热炉里加热到1205℃,保温时间155min,终轧温度为850℃,采取前段冷却,卷取温度为632℃,获得2.0mm厚的热轧钢卷;热轧卷开卷后经过酸洗,通过5机架轧机连续轧制,获得0.5mm厚轧硬钢卷,冷轧压下率为75%。轧硬钢卷开卷后,钢板经表面清洗后进入连续退火炉,退火均热温度为575℃,均热保温时间40s,热镀锌后进行平整,平整延伸率0.9%。
实施例2
经LF精炼并浇铸获得的连铸坯成分如下(质量百分比):C,0.13%;Mn,0.79%;Si,0.01%;P,0.015%;S,0.0051%;Als,0.034%;余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。连铸坯在步进式加热炉里加热到1205℃,保温时间155min,终轧温度为850℃,采取前段冷却,卷取温度为632℃,获得2.0mm厚的热轧钢卷;热轧卷开卷后经过酸洗,通过5机架轧机连续轧制,获得0.8mm厚轧硬钢卷,冷轧压下率为60%。轧硬钢卷开卷后,钢板经表面清洗后进入连续退火炉,退火均热温度为570℃,均热保温时间45s,热镀锌后进行平整,平整延伸率1.2%。
实施例3
经LF精炼并浇铸获得的连铸坯成分如下(质量百分比):C,0.15%;Mn,0.85%;Si,0.03%;P,0.016%;S,0.0045%;Als,0.035%;余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。连铸坯在步进式加热炉里加热到1210℃,保温时间145min,终轧温度为850℃,采取前段冷却,卷取温度为630℃,获得2.0mm厚的热轧钢卷;热轧卷开卷后经过酸洗,通过5机架轧机连续轧制,获得0.5mm厚轧硬钢卷,冷轧压下率为75%。轧硬钢卷开卷后,钢板经表面清洗后进入连续退火炉,退火均热温度为560℃,均热保温时间38s,热镀锌后进行平整,平整延伸率0.8%。
实施例4
经LF精炼并浇铸获得的连铸坯成分如下(质量百分比):C,0.15%;Mn,0.85%;Si,0.03%;P,0.016%;S,0.0045%;Als,0.035%;余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。连铸坯在步进式加热炉里加热到1210℃,保温时间145min,终轧温度为850℃,采取前段冷却,卷取温度为645℃,获得2.0mm厚的热轧钢卷;热轧卷开卷后经过酸洗,通过5机架轧机连续轧制,获得0.8mm厚轧硬钢卷,冷轧压下率为60%。轧硬钢卷开卷后,钢板经表面清洗后进入连续退火炉,退火均热温度为560℃,均热保温时间43s,热镀锌后进行平整,平整延伸率1.2%。
实施例1-4中,采用美钢联法实施连续退火及热镀锌,产线配备立式退火炉,钢板进入退火炉前进行化学脱脂和电解脱脂,提高表面洁净度。进入锌锅时钢板温度为480-500℃;锌锅温度为450-470℃,锌液中Al含量为0.17-0.25%、Fe含量<0.03%。获得的单面锌层重量为40-150g/m2。平整工序中,采用直径400-500mm的小辊径平整辊。
实施例1-4获得的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的力学性能如下:
实施例 | 屈服强度/MPa | 抗拉强度/MPa | 延伸率/% |
实施例1 | 553 | 581 | 6 |
实施例2 | 531 | 545 | 10 |
实施例3 | 605 | 617 | 6 |
实施例4 | 615 | 629 | 8 |
上述实施例仅为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板,其特征在于,其化学成分按重量百分比为:C:0.12-0.16%、Mn:0.60-0.90%、Si≤0.05%、P≤0.02%、S≤0.01%、Als:0.02-0.05%,其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板,其特征在于,该钢板屈服强度为500-650MPa,抗拉强度为520-680MPa,延伸率为3-15%。
3.如权利要求1所述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法,其特征在于,依次包括如下步骤:
1)热轧轧制工序,连铸板坯加热温度为1180-1250℃,终轧温度为820-880℃,卷取温度为600-660℃;
2)酸洗冷连轧工序,冷轧压下率55-75%;
3)退火及热镀锌工序;
4)平整工序,平整压下率0.8-2.0%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)退火及热镀锌工序中,采用美钢联法实施连续退火及热镀锌,产线配备立式退火炉,钢板进入退火炉前进行化学脱脂和电解脱脂,提高表面洁净度。
5.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)退火及热镀锌工序中,进入锌锅前的均热退火温度为560-600℃,均热时间为35-50s;进入锌锅时钢板温度为480-500℃;锌锅温度为450-470℃,锌液中Al含量为0.17-0.25%、Fe含量<0.03%。
6.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)退火及热镀锌工序中,获得的单面锌层重量为40-150g/m2。
7.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧高强度热镀锌钢板的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)平整工序中,采用直径400-500mm的小辊径平整辊。
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