CN108909080A - 一种采暖建材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种采暖建材及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108909080A
CN108909080A CN201811097360.2A CN201811097360A CN108909080A CN 108909080 A CN108909080 A CN 108909080A CN 201811097360 A CN201811097360 A CN 201811097360A CN 108909080 A CN108909080 A CN 108909080A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
fever
building materials
finish coat
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811097360.2A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
杨敏
李永武
张伟
吕循岩
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangzhi Technology (tianjin) Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangzhi Technology (tianjin) Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangzhi Technology (tianjin) Co Ltd filed Critical Guangzhi Technology (tianjin) Co Ltd
Priority to CN201811097360.2A priority Critical patent/CN108909080A/zh
Publication of CN108909080A publication Critical patent/CN108909080A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/106675 priority patent/WO2020057599A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/002—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising natural stone or artificial stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica comprising asbestos
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/02—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
    • B32B2037/243—Coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/202—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/302—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • B32B2607/02—Wall papers, wall coverings

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种采暖建材及其制备方法，所述采暖建材是一种基于热辐射和热传导的新型产品，产品的膜层结构由下至上包括基材，隔热层，反射层，发热辐射层以及一种瓷釉饰面层；所述饰面层在红外波段(0.8‑15μm)平均透过率不小于30％。本发明制备取暖建材的方法，包括如下的步骤：1)在基材表面进行清洁处理，由下至上依次附着隔热层、反射层和发热辐射层；2)对发热辐射层上表面进行清洁处理；3)最后在发热辐射层之上涂覆一层瓷釉饰面层。本发明的采暖建材产品质地轻盈、美观大方，适合室内装潢，并且具有较高发热效率。

Description

一种采暖建材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于建筑领域，具体涉及一种用于建筑领域的取暖建材及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前我国冬季供暖通常采用暖气片、空调等方式，空调会消耗大量电能，对用户产生一定经济负担；采用集中供暖的暖气片花费较少，然而化石能源燃烧会对环境产生严重污染。电热膜供暖系统区别于其他供暖方式，具有供暖效率高、低碳环保的特点，是一种日益收到关注的高科技产品。
电热膜的发热层通常采用石墨、特制导电油墨等材料，在通电发热同时能够产生对人体有益的远红外射线。作为电热膜保护的绝缘材料通常采用PET、PE等聚酯薄膜。这些材料色泽单一，为应用于建筑墙面、室内装潢，需要颜色丰富的饰面层。通常采用的饰面层多为木质材料、玻璃、瓷砖等进行压紧(专利CN201210168268中有提及)，上述材料存在一些问题：瓷砖、木材等材料的导热性能较差，在加热过程中局部受热不均会使得电热膜本体、导电层等发生损坏。另外，上述材料作为饰面层较为厚重，轻薄易于携带的产品在市场上更受欢迎。为解决上述问题，需要寻求一种新型采暖建材，与木质材料、瓷砖相比，其表面饰面层具有导热性能好、红外透过率高的特点，并且饰面层能够形成丰富图案，美观大方，适于室内装潢设计。
发明内容
针对现有技术中饰面层存在的缺陷问题，本发明提出一种新型饰面陶瓷釉层的采暖建材结构，饰面层具有导热性能良好、红外透过率高的特点，兼顾高发热效率同时，达到绿色美观的效果。
本发明涉及一种用于建筑领域的采暖建材，所述采暖建材是一种基于热辐射和热传导的新型产品，产品的膜层结构由下至上包括基材、隔热层，反射层，发热辐射层、以及一种瓷釉饰面层；
所述基材为普通建材承载材料，包括水泥基板材、瓷砖、大理石；
所述隔热层附着于基材之上；
所述发热辐射层附着于反射层之上；
所述饰面层覆盖于发热辐射层之上；
所述饰面层在红外波段(0.8-15μm)透过率不低于30％。
作为上述取暖建材一种更好的选择，所述隔热层材质为多孔材料，泡沫材料，纤维材料，包括石棉、玻璃纤维、气凝胶毡。
作为上述取暖建材一种更好的选择，所述反射层包括金、银、镍、铝薄膜以及带有金属薄膜层的聚酯、聚酰亚胺薄膜。
作为上述取暖建材一种更好的选择，所述的发热辐射层包括发热辐射材料与导电材料，以及绝缘材料。所述发热辐射层发热材料包括石墨、石墨烯、纳米碳、特质油墨、高分子导电薄膜，所述发热辐射层导电材料包括铜导线、铜箔或者纳米银浆，所述绝缘材料优选为PET聚酯薄膜、PCT、PE。
对于上述取暖建材而言，饰面层厚度为1μm～5mm，膜层均匀，对于高于500μm的饰面层而言，对外界环境也能够产生热辐射。
作为上述取暖建材一种更好的选择，所述采暖建材还可以包括缓冲层结构，其位于发热辐射层、瓷釉饰面层之间，所述缓冲层材料包括乙烯-辛烯共聚物或乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，对发热辐射层起到缓冲支撑、以及一定的绝缘作用。
所述的瓷釉饰面层的薄膜在红外波段保持较高的透过率，并300-1000nm上具有一定的透过率与吸收率，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对此进行进一步的改进，如通过在薄膜内添加或者掺杂特定的组分，从而使得其在特定的波长具有吸收率，使得饰面层具有丰富的颜色。
所述的取暖建材产品具有如下的性能：
1)采用瓷釉作为取暖建材的饰面层，轻便易携带。
2)采用瓷釉作为取暖建材的饰面层，可以改变釉层的颜色，可以制备美观的复杂图案，应用于室内建筑墙面、室内装潢。
3)瓷釉饰面层在红外波段透过性高，热辐射易于穿透材料，导热性能良好，不会降低发热体层的发热性能。
4)采用这种方式制备的瓷釉可以获得厚度均匀，美观的图案，这种薄膜的表面平整度良好，不会产生局部的过热引起发热体层结构损坏。
5)本发明采用的陶瓷釉层有良好的阻水性，在湿度高的地方不会引起产品受潮产生的性能衰减。
本发明还进一步提供了上述的取暖建材的制备方法，包括如下的步骤：
1)对基材进行清洁处理，由下至上依次附着隔热层、反射层和发热辐射层；
2)发热辐射层上表面进行清洁处理；
3)最后在发热辐射层之上涂覆一层瓷釉饰面层，经过常温固化后，形成轻薄、均匀性良好、导热性良好的饰面层材料。
本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1)无需真空系统，可直接在普通大气环境中制备而成，且不用添置专用设备；
2)易于规模批量化生产，且具有极大的成本优势。
附图说明
图1为新型采暖建材产品的剖面结构图，在该图中，1为基材；2为隔热层；3为反射层；4为发热辐射层；5为瓷釉饰面层；
图2为不同瓷釉饰面层在可见光-红外波段内的透过率；
具体实施方式
如下将结合附图对本发明进行进一步的解释和说明，其仅用作对本发明的解释而并非限制。
请参见图1，其示出了一种新型的取暖建材产品。
该取暖建材包括基材1，隔热层2，反射层3，发热辐射层4以及瓷釉饰面层5(釉质薄膜)。
所述的隔热层材料可以选择多孔材料，泡沫材料，纤维材料，包括石棉、玻璃纤维、气凝胶毡等。
所述反射层材料可以选择金、银、镍、铝箔以及镀金属的聚酯、聚酰亚胺薄膜。
所述的发热辐射层包括发热材料与导电材料，可能还包括绝缘材料。其中，所述发热辐射层发热材料为石墨、石墨烯、纳米碳、特质油墨、高分子导电薄膜，所述发热辐射层导电材料为铜导线、铜箔或者纳米银浆，所述发热辐射层绝缘材料为PET聚酯薄膜、PCT、PE。
所述的瓷釉饰面层的厚度为1μm～5mm，如果饰面层较薄，发热体层发热效率高，但比较难以形成颜色各异的丰富图案；如果饰面层较厚，颜色更加丰富，然而对于薄膜的均匀性与导热性能有更高的要求。
饰面层可以为釉质膜,可以为采暖建材产品设计光泽釉、半光泽釉、无光釉和碎纹釉，并且可以根据需要为釉质膜设计不同的颜色。按照本领域的通常做法，保护层应当尽量透明以使得太阳光可以最大的通过，而本发明中通过引入釉质层，并且可以对釉质层选择性的着色，从而使得采暖建材可以融入周围的环境，在室内装潢与建筑设计上提供更多的可能性。
本发明所选用的釉质膜最好是无机硅酸盐材料或无机有机复合材料，其组成包括O、Na、Ga、Mg、S、Si、Al、Ca、Co、K、Zr、Ba、P和B等元素中的多种，其形成可以是通过将含有这些元素的原料(如氧化物或者相应的盐，如硅酸钠、氢氧化镁、碳酸钾)在低温下反应形成釉料。
以釉料0.05MgSO4·0.05CaO·0.15ZrO·0.70Na2SiO3·0.05Al2(SO4)3的制备为例，按照上述釉料的原料成分配比准确称量各种原料，加入30-35wt％重量份的水，进行球磨，球磨时间36～40h，球磨至釉料细度250目筛余0.015％以内，即得合格釉料研磨料。
所述的原料还可以选择硅钛酸钠、石英砂、长石粉、碳酸钠、硝酸钠3.7～4.0份、冰晶石、二氧化锆、磷酸铝、硝酸钴、硝酸镍、氧化锌、碳酸钡等原料作为不同氧化物的来源。
所述的研磨料在高温下(如800-850摄氏度)烧结，并且经淬冷和粉碎得到搪瓷釉料，该釉料可以经球磨得到较细的颗粒，从而使得其可以适用于喷墨打印或者直接喷涂。
其他可以用的釉料的组分还可以为
0.06MgSO4·0.10CaO·0.12ZrO·0.64Na2SiO3·0.05Al2(SO4)3·0.03Co2O3,或0.06BaSO4·0.11CaO·0.13TiO2·0.65Na2SiO3·0.04Al2(SO4)3·0.01Co2O3,0.10BaSO4·0.10TiO2·0.75K2SiO3·0.04Al2(SO4)3·0.01Co2O。或0.06MgSO4·0.10TiO2·0.12ZrO·0.605K2SiO3·0.085Al2(SO4)3·0.03CoCl2，或0.08BaO·0.10Ga2O3·0.12ZrO·0.565K2SiO3·0.085Al2(SO4)3·0.03CoCl2·0.02B2O3等。
在如下的实施例中，所称的水性釉可以为上述材料的任一种。
所述的瓷釉饰面层的薄膜在红外波段保持较高的透过率，并300-1000nm上具有一定的透过率与吸收率，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对此进行进一步的改进，如通过在薄膜内添加或者掺杂特定的组分，从而使得其在特定的波长具有吸收率，使得饰面层具有丰富的颜色。
可以在上述的薄膜内添加各种搀杂物，从而使得其在特定波长范围具备透过率，如加入紫外光吸收剂为苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂，选自2-(2ˊ-羟基-5ˊ-甲基)-苯并三唑、2-(2ˊ-羟基-3ˊ-叔丁基-5ˊ-甲基)-5-氯-苯并三唑、2-(2ˊ-羟基-3ˊ5ˊ-二叔丁基)-5-氯-苯并三唑、2'-(2'-羟基-3'-叔丁基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(2ˊ-羟基-5ˊ-叔辛基)-苯并三唑中一种或多种可以实现对于紫外光的吸收；加入氧化铟锡、氧化锡锑、三氧化钨、三氧化钼、钨青铜或具有氧缺陷的硫化铜中的一种或几种实现对于近红外光的调控；加入富勒烯衍生物PC61BM或PC71BM(参见CN106025080A)或者其他具有着色的材料实现对于可见光吸收的调控。
实施例1.
釉料制备包括玻璃粉100份、水60份与化工原料60份。化工原料按照质量分数计，包括：Al(OH)3 10份、NaOH 10份、K2CO3 9份、MgSO4 3份、Ba(OH)2 2份、CaCO3 12份、K2SO4 1份、TiO2 0.5份、聚丙烯酰胺0.4份和水玻璃0.4份。混合粉末球磨10h。
如图所示采暖建材，采用大理石作为基材，在其上附着石棉作为隔热层，采用镀金的聚酰亚胺薄膜作为反射层，二者通过粘胶紧密连接。在反射层上覆盖发热辐射层，其中发热辐射层包括绝缘层、发热层以及导电层。上下两层绝缘膜层通过融合技术融为一体，绝缘层内夹有石墨发热层，顶部接有铜线导电层与外界电路连接，不同层膜间通过粘胶牢固结合在一起。绝缘膜采用PET聚酯薄膜，具有良好绝缘性，导电层采用铜导线，铜的导电性良好。
在发热辐射层上层通过3D打印设备沉积瓷釉饰面层，发热辐射层设置温度为40℃。3D打印设备包括：料筒、推进器、喷头，喷头直径0.5mm，控制3D打印设备，将釉料从喷头挤出，按照软件输出路径，累计5μm厚。所需花纹的釉料完成打印。制备得到的图案呈米色。制备得到的瓷釉饰面层透过率如图2中所示。
实施例2.
釉料制备包括玻璃粉80份、水50份与化工原料70份。化工原料按照质量分数计，包括：Al(OH)3 15份、NaOH 12份、K2CO3 14份、MgSO4 5份、Ba(OH)2 4份、CaCO3 18份、K2SO4 3份、TiO2 1份、聚丙烯酰胺0.5份和水玻璃0.4份。混合粉末球磨6h。
如图所示采暖建材，采用水泥板作为基材，在其上附着玻璃纤维作为隔热层，在隔热层上表面镀一层银箔作为反射层。在反射层上覆盖发热辐射层，其中发热辐射层包括绝缘层、发热层以及导电层。上下两层绝缘膜层通过融合技术融为一体，绝缘层内夹有石墨烯发热层，顶部通过纳米银浆印刷导电层与外界电路连接，绝缘膜与加热层通过粘胶牢固结合在一起。绝缘膜采用PET聚酯薄膜，具有良好绝缘性，导电层采用纳米银浆，导电性良好。
在发热辐射层上层通过超声雾化法陶瓷釉层，发热辐射层设置温度为80℃。采用投入式雾化器，超声波频率为1.7MHz，雾化量为4mL/min，采用氩气作为载气，喷雾口与基板距离为4mm，制备陶瓷釉层10μm厚。制备得到的图案呈紫色。制备得到的陶瓷釉层透过率如图2中所示。
实施例3.
釉料制备包括玻璃粉120份、水50份与化工原料50份。化工原料按照质量分数计，包括：Al(OH)3 18份、NaOH 14份、K2CO3 18份、MgSO4 8份、Ba(OH)2 6份、CaCO3 15份、K2SO4 5份、TiO2 2份、聚丙烯酰胺1份和水玻璃0.8份。混合粉末球磨8h。
如图所示采暖建材，采用大理石作为基材，在其上附着气凝胶毡作为隔热层，在隔热层上表面镀一层铝箔作为反射层。在反射层上覆盖发热辐射层，其中发热辐射层包括发热层以及导电层。高分子导电薄膜作为发热层，顶部通过铜导线与外界电路连接。绝缘膜采用PET聚酯薄膜，具有良好绝缘性，导电层采用铜导线，导电性良好。
在发热辐射层上层通过超声雾化法陶瓷釉层，发热辐射层设置温度为60℃。采用投入式雾化器，超声波频率为2.0MHz，雾化量为10mL/min，采用空气作为载气，喷雾口与基板距离为5mm，制备陶瓷釉层50μm厚。制备得到的图案呈蓝色。制备得到的陶瓷釉层透过率如图2中所示。

Claims (7)

1.本发明涉及一种用于建筑领域的采暖建材，所述采暖建材是一种基于热辐射和热传导的新型产品，产品的膜层结构由下至上包括基材、隔热层，反射层，发热辐射层、以及一种瓷釉饰面层；
所述基材为普通建材承载材料，包括水泥基板材、瓷砖、大理石；
所述隔热层附着于基材之上；
所述发热辐射层附着于反射层之上；
所述饰面层覆盖于发热辐射层之上；
所述饰面层在红外波段(0.8-15μm)透过率不低于30％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的采暖建材，其特征在于：所述隔热层材质为多孔材料，泡沫材料，纤维材料，包括石棉、玻璃纤维、气凝胶毡。
3.根据权利要求1所述的采暖建材，其特征在于：所述反射层包括金、银、镍、铝薄膜以及带有金属薄膜层的聚酯、聚酰亚胺薄膜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的采暖建材，其特征在于：所述的发热辐射层包括发热辐射材料与导电材料，以及绝缘材料。所述发热辐射层发热材料包括石墨、石墨烯、纳米碳、特质油墨、高分子导电薄膜，所述发热辐射层导电材料包括铜导线、铜箔或者纳米银浆，所述绝缘材料优选为PET聚酯薄膜、PCT、PE。
5.根据权利要求1所述的采暖建材，其特征在于：所述的瓷釉饰面层厚度为1μm～5mm。
6.制备1-5任一所述的采暖建材的方法，包括如下的步骤：
1)对基材进行清洁处理，由下至上依次附着隔热层、反射层和发热辐射层；
2)发热辐射层上表面进行清洁处理；
3)最后在发热辐射层之上涂覆一层瓷釉饰面层，经过常温固化后，形成轻薄、均匀性良好、导热性良好的饰面层材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤3)中所述制备陶瓷釉层的方法包括3D打印法、喷雾法、喷涂法、流浆法、丝网印刷法。
CN201811097360.2A 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 一种采暖建材及其制备方法 Pending CN108909080A (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811097360.2A CN108909080A (zh) 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 一种采暖建材及其制备方法
PCT/CN2019/106675 WO2020057599A1 (zh) 2018-09-19 2019-09-19 采暖建材及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811097360.2A CN108909080A (zh) 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 一种采暖建材及其制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108909080A true CN108909080A (zh) 2018-11-30

Family

ID=64408635

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811097360.2A Pending CN108909080A (zh) 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 一种采暖建材及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108909080A (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109970360A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-05 东方美涂(哈尔滨)科技有限公司 一种石墨烯发热玻璃装饰板材及其制备方法
CN110952740A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-03 光之科技(北京)有限公司 一种发热建材及其制备方法
CN111809816A (zh) * 2019-04-10 2020-10-23 光之科技(北京)有限公司 定向传热一体板及其制备方法
WO2023202698A1 (zh) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-26 中科润资(重庆)气凝胶技术研究院有限公司 一种防火电热建材及其制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2419303Y (zh) * 2000-02-23 2001-02-14 金石铁 智能天棚电热膜辐射采暖装饰板
US20050276951A1 (en) * 2004-06-15 2005-12-15 Minoru Iwase Foamed tile and its manufacturing method
CN103470002A (zh) * 2013-09-16 2013-12-25 江西斯洛特石业有限公司 一种远红外地暖石砖
CN103772782A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-05-07 上海神沃电子有限公司 自限温柔性ptc发热材料及由其制备的ptc芯材与制备方法
CN106552758A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-05 日吉华株式会社 建材的制造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2419303Y (zh) * 2000-02-23 2001-02-14 金石铁 智能天棚电热膜辐射采暖装饰板
US20050276951A1 (en) * 2004-06-15 2005-12-15 Minoru Iwase Foamed tile and its manufacturing method
CN103470002A (zh) * 2013-09-16 2013-12-25 江西斯洛特石业有限公司 一种远红外地暖石砖
CN103772782A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-05-07 上海神沃电子有限公司 自限温柔性ptc发热材料及由其制备的ptc芯材与制备方法
CN106552758A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-05 日吉华株式会社 建材的制造方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111809816A (zh) * 2019-04-10 2020-10-23 光之科技(北京)有限公司 定向传热一体板及其制备方法
CN109970360A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-05 东方美涂(哈尔滨)科技有限公司 一种石墨烯发热玻璃装饰板材及其制备方法
CN109970360B (zh) * 2019-04-17 2022-07-05 东方美涂(哈尔滨)科技有限公司 一种石墨烯发热玻璃装饰板材及其制备方法
CN110952740A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-03 光之科技(北京)有限公司 一种发热建材及其制备方法
WO2023202698A1 (zh) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-26 中科润资(重庆)气凝胶技术研究院有限公司 一种防火电热建材及其制备方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108909080A (zh) 一种采暖建材及其制备方法
CN105694629B (zh) 纳米透明隔热涂料及其制备方法
CN103666147B (zh) 一种反射辐射阻隔型外墙隔热涂料
CN109384476A (zh) 一种防滑耐磨负离子陶瓷砖及其制备方法
CN106189388B (zh) 具有3d图案效果的高光泽的烤瓷板及其双层涂制法
CN105368060B (zh) 有机硅发热层材料、红外辐射加热体及其制备方法
CN108587320A (zh) 一种应用于喷墨打印的功能胶水、装饰陶瓷砖及其制备方法
CN102838933A (zh) 自洁隔热涂料及其制备方法
CN109665811A (zh) 一种高强度高韧性的陶瓷大板及其制备方法
CN103242731A (zh) 断热涂料
CN103755389A (zh) 一种具有保温隔热功能的釉料及其制备方法
CN101851453B (zh) 一种热反射—发射型薄层仿砖隔热涂料及其制备方法
CN104862687B (zh) 一种金属防热结构表面涂层的制备方法
CN103102715A (zh) 一种红外反射涂层
CN115838540A (zh) 一种可调色长效反射辐射隔热无机建筑涂料及其制备方法
CN109928645B (zh) 一种耐高温发热玻璃装饰板材及其制备方法
CN109970360A (zh) 一种石墨烯发热玻璃装饰板材及其制备方法
CN101391859B (zh) 一种真空玻璃的生产工艺
WO2020057599A1 (zh) 采暖建材及其制备方法
CN108530021A (zh) 一种高导热的电热瓷砖及制作方法
CN104529324B (zh) 一种建筑外墙专用的水泥基节能外墙涂料及制备方法
CN109180141B (zh) 氧化铝气凝胶绝热软毡及其成型工艺
CN109896755B (zh) 一种多功能玻璃装饰板材及其制备方法
CN109458603B (zh) 一种高透光性的陶瓷壳体结构的制备方法
CN106367708B (zh) 一种烧蚀材料表面低吸收低发射热控涂层的热喷涂制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20181130

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication