CN108902186A - 一种促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加的方法,其操作步骤是:(1)制备喜树种子的甲醇提取液,提取液浓缩至干得到固形物;(2)将固形物制备成水悬液;(3)用水悬液浇灌南方红豆杉苗木。本发明提供的方法可以提高南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量,提高南方红豆杉的经济价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物生理生态学和植物化学研究领域,具体涉及一种促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加的方法。
背景技术
南方红豆杉(Taxus chinensis var.mairei),又名美丽红豆杉,属于红豆杉科红豆杉属植物,为国家I级重点保护植物,产于中国长江流域以南,星散分布。南方红豆杉除了提供木材之处,它的最重要的价值体现在其植物体各部位均含有紫杉烷类化合物,紫杉烷类成分具有广谱抗癌作用(Gupta et al.,2017;Cheong et al.,2017;Boissenot et al.,2017),特别是紫杉醇被认为是当今有前途的抗癌新药。全球对紫杉醇类抗肿瘤药品的需求逐年增加,目前市场份额占抗癌药物的1/3。与常用的其它纺锤体药物如阻止微管聚集的长春花碱、长春花新碱、秋水仙碱、鬼臼毒素等作用机制不同,紫杉醇在低浓度下就催化微管蛋白的迅速合成,并结合到微管上起稳定和防止微管解聚作用,自从南方红豆杉成为抗癌药的原料植物以来,其野生资源分布呈明显递减趋势。
为了缓解南方红豆杉资源危机,亟需开展南方红豆杉人工林培育(王纪坤,2006;李良松,2011;于少帅等,2012;欧建德和吴志庄,2016)。在培育南方红豆杉苗木时,当可用于提取紫杉醇等紫杉烷类成分的南方红豆杉药用部位—枝叶生物量相同的情况下,通过简便可行的方法提高其紫杉烷类成分含量可以极大地增加南方红豆杉的经济价值。
喜树,别名:旱莲、水栗、水桐树、千丈树,拉丁学名:Camptotheca acuminata,是蓝果树科喜树属一种暖地速生树种,为国家II级重点保护野生植物。发明人研究发现,喜树种子甲醇提取物可以促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉醇等紫杉烷类成分含量增加。所以本发明提供了一种以喜树种子甲醇提取物浇灌来促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加的方法,进而提高南方经豆杉的经济价值。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加的方法,其特征在于,按如下步骤操作:
(1)将喜树种子干燥、粉碎得到粉末I,甲醇与粉末I按质量比5:1~10:1混合、回流提取1~3小时,过滤提取液,滤液浓缩至干,得到固形物Ⅱ;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的固形物Ⅱ与水按质量比1:100~1:1000混合,超声处理5~10分钟,得到固形物Ⅱ悬浊液;
(3)用步骤(2)得到的固形物Ⅱ悬浊液浇灌南方红豆杉,可促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加。
用本发明提供的方法处理南方红豆杉30~60天,其枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量明显增加。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行进一步描述。
实施例1
(1)将喜树种子干燥、粉碎得到粉末I,甲醇与粉末I按质量比5:1混合、回流提取1小时,过滤提取液,滤液浓缩至干,得到固形物Ⅱ;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的固形物Ⅱ与水按质量比1:1000混合,超声处理8分钟,得到固形物Ⅱ悬浊液;
(3)选择立地条件相近、苗龄相同、长势一致的南方红豆杉,设置两块样地(样方大小为20m×20m),分别为对照组和处理组。所述的处理组指实施本发明专利技术内容的组别;对照组为说明本发明专利创造性和实用性而设立的组别。其中,处理组每株红豆杉每隔3天浇灌固形物Ⅱ悬浊液10L;对照组浇灌10L蒸馏水;各组除了浇灌固形物Ⅱ悬浊液或蒸馏水外,视土壤水分情况,自然补水。
处理60天后,测定2组南方红豆杉枝叶中主要紫杉烷类成分—紫杉醇、10-去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ、7-表-10-脱乙酰基紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量。结果表明:与比对照组相比,使用本发明提供的方法处理的南方红豆杉,其枝叶中上述4种紫杉烷类成分含量总和提高了14.3%。
实施例2
(1)将喜树种子干燥、粉碎得到粉末I,甲醇与粉末I按质量比10:1混合、回流提取2小时,过滤提取液,滤液浓缩至干,得到固形物Ⅱ;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的固形物Ⅱ与水按质量比1:100混合,超声处理10分钟,得到固形物Ⅱ悬浊液;
(3)选择立地条件相近、苗龄相同、长势一致的南方红豆杉,设置两块样地(样方大小为20m×20m),分别为对照组和处理组。所述的处理组指实施本发明专利技术内容的组别;对照组为说明本发明专利创造性和实用性而设立的组别。其中,处理组每株红豆杉每隔2天浇灌固形物Ⅱ悬浊液7L;对照组浇灌7L蒸馏水;各组除了浇灌固形物Ⅱ悬浊液或蒸馏水外,视土壤水分情况,自然补水。
处理45天后,测定2组南方红豆杉枝叶中主要紫杉烷类成分—紫杉醇、10-去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ、7-表-10-脱乙酰基紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量。结果表明:与比对照组相比,使用本发明提供的方法处理的南方红豆杉,其枝叶中上述4种紫杉烷类成分含量总和提高了16.8%。
实施例3
(1)将喜树种子干燥、粉碎得到粉末I,甲醇与粉末I按质量比8:1混合、回流提取3小时,过滤提取液,滤液浓缩至干,得到固形物Ⅱ;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的固形物Ⅱ与水按质量比1:600混合,超声处理5分钟,得到固形物Ⅱ悬浊液;
(3)选择立地条件相近、苗龄相同、长势一致的南方红豆杉,设置两块样地(样方大小为20m×20m),分别为对照组和处理组。所述的处理组指实施本发明专利技术内容的组别;对照组为说明本发明专利创造性和实用性而设立的组别。其中,处理组每株红豆杉每隔5天浇灌固形物Ⅱ悬浊液15L;对照组浇灌15L蒸馏水;各组除了浇灌固形物Ⅱ悬浊液或蒸馏水外,视土壤水分情况,自然补水。
处理30天后,测定2组南方红豆杉枝叶中主要紫杉烷类成分—紫杉醇、10-去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ、7-表-10-脱乙酰基紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量。结果表明:与比对照组相比,使用本发明提供的方法处理的南方红豆杉,其枝叶中上述4种紫杉烷类成分含量总和提高了12.6%。
Claims (1)
1.本发明涉及一种促进南方红豆枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加的方法,其特征在于,按如下步骤操作:
(1)将喜树种子干燥、粉碎得到粉末I,甲醇与粉末I按质量比5:1~10:1混合、回流提取1~3小时,过滤提取液,滤液浓缩至干,得到固形物Ⅱ;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的固形物Ⅱ与水按质量比1:100~1:1000混合,超声处理5~10分钟,得到固形物Ⅱ悬浊液;
(3)用步骤(2)得到的固形物Ⅱ悬浊液浇灌南方红豆杉30~60天,可促进南方红豆杉枝叶中紫杉烷类成分含量增加。
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