CN108897140A - A kind of heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate - Google Patents
A kind of heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate.It includes laser (1), convex lens 1 (2), convex lens 2 (3), the polarizer (4), depolarization Amici prism (5), polarization splitting prism (6), spiral phase plate (7), quarter-wave plate (8), reflecting mirror 1 (9), CCD (10), reflecting mirror 2 (11).Firstly, laser generates Gaussian Beam colimated light system collimation, then it is polarized using polarizing film；After through depolarization Amici prism, polarization splitting prism, spiral phase plate is completed first time topological charge number and is doubled；Through quarter-wave plate, reflecting mirror, reversely second of topological charge number of incident spiral phase plate completion is doubled；After through polarization splitting prism, spiral phase plate complete third time topological charge number double；Most the 4th topological charge number is completed after quarter-wave plate, reflecting mirror reversely incident spiral phase plate afterwards to double.Present apparatus structure is simple, low in cost, high conversion efficiency, belongs to vortex light preparation field, can be applied to the vortex light preparation of big topological charge number.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate.Vortex light is a kind of
Special light field with spiral wave surface, spiral phase plate are a kind of transparent optical diffraction elements for being used to prepare vortex light.This
Apparatus structure is simple, low in cost, high conversion efficiency, belongs to vortex light preparation field, can be applied to the vortex of big topological charge number
Light preparation.
Technical background
Vortex light is a kind of with hollow dark core, carries the special light field of orbital angular momentum.Angle in vortex light expression formula
Phase factor exp (il θ) characterizes the helical phase distribution of vortex light, and wherein l is topological charge number, and θ is azimuth.From 1992
Since Allen et al. has found that vortex light carries orbital angular momentum, many scientists expand research around vortex light.Nowadays,
Vortex light has important application, such as the manipulation of Technique on Quantum Communication, optical particle, optical measurement, optical imagery in multiple fields.
Spiral phase plate (Spiral phase plate, SPP) is a kind of common diffractive-optical element for preparing vortex light.
1994, Berjersbergen et al. used SPP by a branch of TEM00Gaussian beam has become a branch of, and there is helical phase to be distributed
Vortex beams.1996, Turnbull et al. realized the Hermite--Gaussian mode of millimere-wave band to Laguerre-height using SPP
The transformation of this mode.In recent years, numerous scientists expand every research around SPP, and , Xin Jing cover in 2017 et al. combines Sa lattice
Nanogram interferometer and spiral phase plate are prepared for vector beam, and 2018, C.L.Zhang et al. utilized helical phase piece-wavestrip
Piece is prepared for Diode laser vortex beams.In addition, the production method and technique of SPP have also obtained significant progress, 2011, model was long
River et al. has made high-order spiral phase plate using laser writing technology, 2015, Photoelectric Technology Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences at
Function be prepared for topological charge number be 1,3,10,20 high continuous type spiral phase plate, 2016, Y.Chen et al. combine lens with
Spiral phase plate is prepared for the vortex beams of millimeter section wavelength.
Topological charge number is one of the important parameter of vortex light, and preparing big topological charge number vortex light has important reality meaning
Justice.In quantum communications, the coding degree of information is limited to the size of topological charge number, and vortex light topological charge number will directly determine light
Beam carries information content size；Field is manipulated in optical particle, hollow dark nuclear radius will be increased by improving vortex light topological charge number, favorably
In the limitation for breaking manipulation particle volume, area；In optical measurement and imaging field, improves topological charge number and help to improve detection
Accuracy and sensitivity.The present apparatus is controlled using polarization state of the spiral phase plate to vortex beams, and one piece of spiral is used only
Phase-plate is achieved that the 4 of vortex light topological charge number doubles again, greatly improves the utilization rate of spiral phase plate, while being also
It prepares big topological charge number vortex light and provides a kind of new thinking.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as：Preparation particular topology lotus number vortex light is only capable of for existing spiral phase plate
Deficiency proposes a kind of heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate, and present apparatus structure is simple, cost
Cheap, high conversion efficiency belongs to vortex light preparation field, can be applied to the vortex light preparation of big topological charge number.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows：The vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate that the present invention relates to a kind of
Weight doubler, it include laser (1), convex lens 1 (2), convex lens 2 (3), the polarizer (4), depolarization Amici prism (5),
Polarization splitting prism (6), spiral phase plate (7), quarter-wave plate (8), reflecting mirror 1 (9), CCD (10), reflecting mirror 2 (11).
In conjunction with the polarizer (4), polarization splitting prism (6), quarter-wave plate (8) and reflecting mirror 1 (9), by the line for controlling vortex light
Polarization direction can be such that vortex light is all reflected by polarization splitting prism (6) during 4 double again, will not be inclined because transmiting
Shake Amici prism (6) reduction transformation efficiency, and theoretically transformation efficiency reaches 100%.
The principle of the present invention is：
(1) vortex light topological charge number doubling principle
Assuming that in the exit plane (x of spiral phase plate0,y0) vortex light expression formula be：
Wherein, ω is vortex light radius, l1For the corresponding topological charge number of the SPP.It can according to fresnel diffraction integration theorem
To obtain the beam propagation distance as z1When, in film viewing screen (x1,y1) at expression formula：
Wherein,T(x1,y1,z1；x0,y0,z0It=0) is fresnel diffraction
Integral operator, expression formula are：
When vortex light is reflected through reflecting mirror, propagation distance z2Its expression formula becomes afterwards：
The light beam reversely transmits spiral phase plate, obtains spiral phase plate factor exp (- il1θ).When it propagates z3Distance
Afterwards, also with the available light beam of fresnel diffraction integration formula in film viewing screen (x2,y2) at expression formula be：
It can be obtained after abbreviation：
Wherein,Above is using spiral phase plate to vortex light topology
The principle that lotus number is doubled.By in comparison expression formula (1)In item and (6)It is found that plus
Vortex light rotation direction after times transmits the oppositely oriented of spiral phase plate with first time, but topological charge number doubles.
(2) vortex polarization state transforming principle
If setting polarizer polarization direction is overlapped with polarization splitting prism transmission direction, Gaussian beam transmits inclined for the first time
Areflexia occurs when vibration Amici prism, and polarization state is that the Gaussian beam of linear polarization all penetrates.
The light beam, which retrodeviates polarization state through quarter-wave plate through spiral phase plate, becomes circular polarization, after reflecting mirror reflects
Circular polarization state but polarization direction are kept on the contrary, then the light beam retrodeviates polarization state again by quarter-wave plate and becomes line from circular polarization
Polarization, but it is vertical with polarization direction when passing through quarter-wave plate for the first time.
So the light beam from whole transmissions before becomes whole reflections when the light beam is reverses through polarization splitting prism,
Do not change polarization direction after reflecting mirror, follows the vortex light that original optical path carries out third and fourth time after polarization splitting prism reflects
It doubles.
Compared with existing scheme, major advantage is the solution of the present invention：
(1) optical path is succinct, builds not excessively high required precision for optical path.
(2) low in cost, same spiral phase plate progress topological charge number, which can be reused, using this method doubles.
(3) high conversion efficiency, the device greatly improve the transformation efficiency for preparing vortex light to the control of polarization state.
(4) it effectively compensates for matrix spiral phase plate to be once made, the vortex light of particular topology lotus number can only be generated not
Foot, provides a kind of reliable method for the flexible use of spiral phase plate.
Fig. 1 is the heavy doubler schematic diagram of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate；
Fig. 2 is the 4 vortex light emulation surfaces of intensity distribution for doubling that rear topological charge number is 4,8,12,16 again；
Fig. 3 be topological charge number be respectively 1,2,3,4 vortex light doubled again 4 in relative intensity simulated with propagation distance
Curve graph；
Fig. 4 be topological charge number be respectively 1,2,3,4 vortex light doubled again 4 in beam radius simulated with propagation distance
Curve graph；
Fig. 5 is the 4 vortex light intensity distributions figures for doubling that rear topological charge number is 4,8,12,16 again；
Fig. 6 is the 4 vortex light and plane wave interference figure for doubling that rear topological charge number is 4,8,12,16 again；
Fig. 7 is the vortex interference of light schematic diagram that topological charge number is -8 and -16；
Specific embodiment
Objective for implementation of the invention is spiral phase plate, and schematic device is as shown in Figure 1, specific implementation step is as follows：
Firstly, the Gaussian beam for being 632.8nm by He-Ne laser (1) generation wavelength, passes through two-lens system, that is, convex lens
Mirror 1 (2), convex lens 2 (3) collimate light beam, while spot radius being amplified, it is made to the greatest extent may be used when passing through spiral phase plate
Phase information can be obtained.
Then, it is polarized using the polarizer (4), since polarization splitting prism transmits P- polarised light, reflects S- polarised light, institute
Make to be divided by the wholly transmissive polarised light of light beam of the polarizer (4), depolarization Amici prism (5) to need to adjust polarizing film angle
Prism (6).
Gaussian beam transmission spiral phase plate (7) of linear polarization obtains helical phase factor exp (il θ) afterwards, topological at this time
Lotus number is l.It is set to 45 ° of quarter-wave plate (8) and polarization state is changed to circular polarization state by linear polarization, light beam is through reflecting mirror
Behind 1 (9), change circular polarization, reversely transmiting quarter-wave plate (8) in light beam in this way and retrodeviate polarization state becomes linear polarization, and
It is orthogonal to linear polarization when incidence, while the vortex light topological charge number becomes-l.
Later, which reversely transmits spiral phase plate (7) and obtains helical phase factor exp (- il θ) afterwards, topological at this time
Lotus number is -2l.Due to orthogonal when polarization direction is with incidence at this time, so vortex light when polarised light Amici prism (6) through that will be all-trans
It injects reflecting mirror 2 (11).
Reflecting mirror 2 (11) does not change vortex light polarization direction, according to original optical path third time transmission spiral phase plate after reflection
(7), topological charge number increases to 3l, restores initial polarization direction after quarter-wave plate (8) and reflecting mirror 1 (9), last anti-
Become -4l to topological charge number when transmiting spiral phase plate (7), depolarization point is reversely transmitted into through polarised light Amici prism (6)
Light prism (5) is observed to CCD.
By establishing simulation model to the device, the spiral phase plate 4 for being 1~4 to topological charge number doubles to be imitated again
Very, transmission range is set as 2m, and Fig. 2 (a)-(d) doubles for 4 again after, the vortex luminous intensity of topological charge number 4,8,12,16 is emulated
Distribution.Therefrom it can be concluded that its bigger intensity distribution of vortex light topological charge number of preparation is more dispersed, phase under same propagation distance
Lower to intensity, hollow dark nuclear radius is bigger.
Assuming that being the beam intensity value, vortex light intensity in the maximum value of the section inside vortex luminous intensity in communication process
Annulus where spending maximum value is vortex light radius at this time.0.1~2m of transmission range is set, vortex light initial topology lotus is doubled
Number be respectively 1,2,3,4, we simulate this four beams vortex light during 4 double again relative intensity with propagation distance variation
Curve, as shown in Figure 3.Simulation result shows that initial topological charge number is smaller, and the rate of relative intensity decline is slower.In addition,
4 beam vortex light its relative intensity rate of change during doubling does not mutate because transmiting spiral phase plate, maintains
More smooth trend.Beam radius is as shown in Figure 4 with the change curve of propagation distance.Simulation result shows initial topology
Lotus number is bigger, and the divergence speed of beam radius is bigger.Likewise, 4 beam vortex light its beam radius during doubling becomes
Change rate not mutate because transmiting spiral phase plate, maintains more smooth trend.
Using the heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4, added on the spiral phase plate that topological charge number is 1~4
It tests again, shown in vortex light intensity distributions such as Fig. 5 (a)-(d) of preparation, with the increase of topological charge number, vortex light is relatively strong
Degree, radius decline therewith, test almost the same with simulation architecture.Accordingly with plane wave interference pattern such as Fig. 6 (a)-(d) institute
Show, according to fork-shaped interference pattern it is found that the vortex light topological charge number of preparation is respectively 4,8,12,16.
Obtained by Fig. 5 (a)-(d), low order SPP to double beam quality preferable, but it is clearly visible in addition to ginseng from Fig. 6 (d)
It examines outside the vortex light that light and topological charge number are 16, there are also other compositions to take part in interference, so that on the basis of fork-shaped interference fringe
Above while there is the cyclic annular interference fringe that number of interference fringes is 8, affects and double quality.
Wherein it is primarily present three aspect factor.First, PBS cannot be tight when reaching PBS due to passing back through SPP for the first time
Accomplish in lattice meaning it is fully reflective, so the vortex light transmission PBS that some topological charge number is -8, with topological charge number be -
16 vortex light forms the annular interference pattern that number of interference fringes is 8.As shown in Figure 7.
The height secondly, reference light selected not is proper plane wave herein, but Gaussian beam, at non-waist
This light beam due to corrugated there are curvature but also with topological charge number be -8 the vortex interference of light when produce orbicular interference stripe.
Finally, continue topological charge number be -16 during doubling of vortex light, not only topological charge number be multiplied so that its
Intensity distribution is more dispersed, and due to certain loss in transmission process, so that the vortex light ingredient that topological charge number is -8 is not
It can ignore, cause the vortex light that topological charge number is -8 and the annular interference pattern interfered with reference to Gauss light is more obvious.
The content being not described in detail in present specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of heavy doubler of vortex light topological charge number 4 based on spiral phase plate, it includes laser (1), convex lens 1
(2), convex lens 2 (3), the polarizer (4), depolarization Amici prism (5), polarization splitting prism (6), spiral phase plate (7), four points
One of wave plate (8), reflecting mirror 1 (9), CCD (10), reflecting mirror 2 (11).
2. the vortex light topological charge number 4 heavy doubler according to claim 1 based on spiral phase plate, feature exist
In：In conjunction with the polarizer (4), polarization splitting prism (6), quarter-wave plate (8) and reflecting mirror 1 (9), pass through control vortex light
Linear polarization can be such that vortex light is all reflected by polarization splitting prism (6) during 4 double again, will not be because of transmission
Polarization splitting prism (6) reduces transformation efficiency, and theoretically transformation efficiency reaches 100%.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109358434A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江理工大学 | Orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light annular spread spacing-controllable system based on vector vortex beams |
| CN110068699A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-30 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Object composite motion probing device based on the transformation of vortex optical sccond-harmonic generation |
| CN111336930A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-26 | 河海大学常州校区 | Secondary goos-Hanchen displacement generation device based on vortex light and metal-coated waveguide |
| CN111965833A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学技术大学 | Generation method of spiral focusing light field |
| CN114111641A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-01 | 山东大学 | Spherical wave curvature radius measuring device and method based on vortex light interference Fermat spiral fitting |
| CN114184285A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-15 | 西安石油大学 | Vortex optical topological charge number detection device based on nonlinear medium |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN109358434A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江理工大学 | Orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light annular spread spacing-controllable system based on vector vortex beams |
| CN109358434B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-04-30 | 浙江理工大学 | Orthogonal linearly polarized light annular distribution interval controllable system based on vector vortex light beam |
| CN110068699A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-30 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Object composite motion probing device based on the transformation of vortex optical sccond-harmonic generation |
| CN111336930A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-06-26 | 河海大学常州校区 | Secondary goos-Hanchen displacement generation device based on vortex light and metal-coated waveguide |
| CN114111641A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-01 | 山东大学 | Spherical wave curvature radius measuring device and method based on vortex light interference Fermat spiral fitting |
| CN111965833A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学技术大学 | Generation method of spiral focusing light field |
| CN111965833B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-01-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Generation method of spiral focusing light field |
| CN114184285A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-15 | 西安石油大学 | Vortex optical topological charge number detection device based on nonlinear medium |
| CN114184285B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-18 | 西安石油大学 | Vortex optical topological charge number detection device based on nonlinear medium |
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