CN108895717A - A kind of energy-saving control method and system of soil source heat pump system - Google Patents
A kind of energy-saving control method and system of soil source heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108895717A CN108895717A CN201810691747.4A CN201810691747A CN108895717A CN 108895717 A CN108895717 A CN 108895717A CN 201810691747 A CN201810691747 A CN 201810691747A CN 108895717 A CN108895717 A CN 108895717A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/002—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for geothermal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/029—Control issues
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Abstract
A kind of energy-saving control method and system of soil source heat pump system, method include the following steps:S1:Constitute building standard cooling and heating load prediction model;S2:According to building standard cooling and heating load prediction model, building fining subregion is carried out, and generates the cold and hot energy demand performance graph of each sub-district of building, and a performance graph is updated according to the predetermined time;S3:Indoor end, freezing/hot water water pump, valve unit, soil land source side water pump, auxiliary cooling tower and the heat pump main frame of soil source heat pump system; timely respond to the instruction that central host is sent out; according to can demand performance graph; consider equipment response time, start and stop feature and system water capacity; soil source heat pump system is divided into equipment startup stage, steady state operation phase and equipment downtime stage, carries out control by stages.The invention also includes a kind of energy-saving control systems of soil source heat pump system.The present invention has many advantages, such as efficient stable, pollution-free, and energy consumption is small, energy-saving effect is significant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air conditioner energy saving control fields, especially a kind of based on big data, three stages and fine zonal control
Soil source heat pump system energy-saving control method and system.
Background technique
Air-conditioning and heating equipment are the rich anies influential family in building energy consumption, account for building total energy consumption 40%~50%, western developed country
Even more account for 60%~70%.As it can be seen that building energy conservation has a high potential.
Building market in China Design of Central Air Conditioning Systems is very coarse at present, and there are serious energy waste phenomenons, specifically
It shows as:1. blindly using new energy technology, the not matching between energy resources supply system and energy consumption system causes entire sky
Adjusting system operational effect is poor, and energy waste and unnecessary investment is caused to be lost;2. central air conditioner system initial stage is general when designing
All over load estimate method is used, takes extreme value load as design basis data, generally can also add 10% allowance, lead to equipment
Capacity increases 20%~50%, the phenomenon that " low load with strong power " occurs;3. the time of central air conditioner system 90% is in 70% load
Fluctuation operation below, and existing central air conditioner system is substantially also in manual start-up and shut-down control state, no global optimization team control
System causes unit and water pump efficiency low, while full labor management mode, so that operation maintenance is chaotic, cost of labor
Expense increases.
It is basic data with cooling and heating load, carries out system design, be primarily present two problems at present:1. carry calculation is inaccurate
Really, cold and heat source system type selecting is excessive, causes the waste of cost and the energy;2. load is dynamic change, the water of temperature and freezing/but
It is close coupling relationship, fails the variable-frequency control technique of abundant digging utilization water cooler, water pump and blower, existing only a small number of offices
Portion's control system is also to be designed by electric specialty, is lacked professional, scientific.With the quick hair of big data and technology of Internet of things
It opens up, generally accept in industry is using load forecasting method, variable-frequency control technique and Advanced Control Strategies in conjunction with big data technology
The most important development trend in Air-conditioning field at present.
Traditional compression-type refrigeration+boiler Cooling and Heat Source mode, electric power energy consumption, pollution are larger, and energy-saving potential is limited.Soil
Source heat pump technology is a kind of integrated use of renewable energy technologies, but the utilization of the current soil source heat pump technology of China is main
It has the following problems:Be unable to adaptation to local conditions makes full use of low temperature soil heat source, and soil source heat pump installed capacity is small, needs into one
Step is promoted;Soil source heat pump system lacks global optimization control strategy, is substantially at artificial state on duty, and operation maintenance is chaotic.
Problem above causes heat pump system integral working to decline, and influences energy-saving efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In order to avoid or slow down the generally existing non-linear, time-varying of central air conditioner system and large time delay feature to Architectural Equipment
With the influence of energy and indoor thermal comfort environment of rural, renewable energy technologies are sufficiently excavated and utilize, it is an object of the invention to propose
A kind of energy-saving control method and system of the soil source heat pump system based on big data, three stages and fine zonal control, with drop
Low building air conditioning equipment energy consumption reduces environmental pollution, improves the statuses such as air-conditioning equipment operation management confusion.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of energy-saving control method of soil source heat pump system of the present invention, includes the following steps:
S1:The internal and external environment information for the building that soil source heat pump system is serviced is acquired;By the information of acquisition
It analyses and compares, according to Chinese five macroclimate area basis meteorological datas and the cold and hot standard energy consumption data of types of functionality building,
Constitute building standard cooling and heating load prediction model;
S2:According to building standard cooling and heating load prediction model, consider building function, with can time and power load distributing difference
It is different, building fining subregion is carried out, and generate the cold and hot energy demand performance graph of each sub-district of building, and update according to the predetermined time
Performance graph;
S3:The indoor end of soil source heat pump system, freezing/hot water water pump, valve unit, soil land source side water pump, auxiliary
Cooling tower and heat pump main frame timely respond to the instruction that central host is sent out, according to can demand performance graph, consider equipment response
Soil source heat pump system is divided into equipment startup stage, steady state operation phase and set by time, start and stop feature and system water capacity
Standby shutdown phase, carries out control by stages.
Further, in S1, the Chinese five macroclimate area basis meteorological data is out door climatic parameter;The types of functionality
The cold and hot standard energy consumption data of building includes that building function, shape coefficient of building, building enclosure parameter, air conditioning area, personnel make
With situation and Building Indoor Environment initial design parameters;The Building Indoor Environment initial design parameters include body temperature-sensitive
Degree, humidity, wind speed, indoor radiation.
Further, the human body sendible temperature by fully consider people to the subjective feeling of environment, the inlay in computer
Feel temperature calculation models, according to the combined influence of certain moment air themperature, radiation intensity, humidity and wind speed, generates dynamic body-sensing
Temperature curve, instructs carry calculation, and model is obtained by following formula:
T=T1×K1×K2
In formula:T is human body sendible temperature;T1For air-conditioning indoor design temperature;K1For regional correction factor;K2It is repaired for season
Positive coefficient;Wherein southern area K1It is 0.8~0.92, northern area K1It is 0.85~0.95;Summer K2It is 0.85~0.95, the winter
Season K2It is 1.05~1.15, conditioning in Transition Season K2It is 1.0.
Further, in S2, the building fining subregion is using region cooling and heating load as partitioning standards, according in building
Room functions, with can number, Outdoor Air Parameters, when every square metre of cooling and heating load difference>When 30%, a new sky is just divided
Adjust region;New air conditioning area area is not less than 500 square metres, realizes temperature independent control in sub-district.
Further, in S3, the time range t of the equipment startup stage1It is 1/6~2/3 hour, hot and cold water flow control
It is 1.1~1.5 times of declared working condition;The time t of steady state operation phase2=t0-t1-t3, wherein t0Total time is run for system, it is cold
Hot water flow is executed according to Building Cooling energy demand performance graph;The time range t in equipment downtime stage3It is small for 1/3~1/2
When, cold and hot water flow is executed according to Building Cooling energy demand performance graph.Time t0、t1、t2And t3It is different because of system form,
It needs depending on the concrete conditions such as unit capacity, water route setting.
Further, in S3, the control mode of the equipment startup stage includes the following steps:
S301:Optimal boot time is determined according to environmental parameter;Optimal boot time is mainly by with can time, indoor outer ring
Border parameter and power system capacity are determined;
S302:If the available machine time arrives, system enters power on mode interface;
S303:When selecting cooling in summer mode, whether abnormal host is first monitored, if exception, to system alarm and is tied
Beam;If normal, then it whether abnormal monitors soil source side ring road, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, then it opens
Soil land source side water pump and valve;After unlatching, whether detection freezing water loops are abnormal, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminate;If
Normally, then chilled water pump and valve are opened;It is then turned on ground source heat pump host, to complete the starting of cooling in summer mode
Stage;
S304:When selecting winter heating's mode, then related valve commutates to winter heating's mode, specifically includes:First supervise
It whether abnormal surveys host, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, whether detection chilled water side ring road is abnormal, if different
Often, then to system alarm and terminate;If normal, then chilled water pump and valve are opened;After unlatching, whether detection soil source side ring road
It is abnormal, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminate;If normal, then soil land source side water pump and valve are opened;It is then turned on soil source heat
Pump assembly host, to complete the startup stage of winter heating's mode.
Further, the control mode of the steady state operation phase includes the following steps:
S311:After opening ground source heat pump, detection condenser imports and exports water temperature, judges to import and export whether water temperature is in
Set temperature, if so, being run by original state;If it is not, then dividing following situations;
If water temperature is greater than the set value, first adjusts soil side water pump frequency and valve opening is opened when reaching accommodation limit
Cooling tower auxiliary heat dissipation is opened, until water temperature is run within the set range;If water temperature is less than setting value, first whether cooling tower is judged
It opens, then adjusts corresponding water pump frequency and valve opening, until water temperature is run within the set range;
S312:Evaporator inlet-outlet water temperature is detected, judges whether the temperature difference of intake-outlet is equal to setting temperature difference, if waiting
In, then setting the temperature difference range in run;If being not equal to, controlled by the PID temperature difference, adjusts chilled water pump frequency and related valves
Door aperture runs it in setting the temperature difference range.
Further, the control mode in the equipment downtime stage includes the following steps:
S321:The best unused time is determined according to environmental parameter;
S322:If the unused time arrives, ground source heat pump host is closed;
S323:Ground source heat pump host signal is detected according to the predetermined time, whether confirmation host shuts down, if not closing
Machine is then alarmed to system host;If having shut down, confirm whether blower fan of cooling tower runs, if operation, is closed according to the predetermined time
Blower fan of cooling tower, then confirm that cooling tower divides whether blower closes, if being not turned off, alarm to system host;If closing, according to pre-
It fixes time and closes soil land source side water pump;If blower fan of cooling tower not running, soil land source side water pump is directly closed according to the predetermined time;
S324:Whether confirmation soil land source side water pump closes, if being not turned off, alarms to system host;If closing, according to pre-
It fixes time and closes chilled water pump;
S325:Whether confirmation chilled water pump closes, if being not turned off, alarms to system host;If closing, soil is closed
Side and chilled water side valve door, to complete the operation of shutdown phase.
A kind of energy-saving control system of soil source heat pump system of the present invention, including energy saving light-current system and energy conservation it is strong
Electric control system;
It is described energy conservation light-current system include:
Sensor unit, for acquiring Discussion on architecture environmental information in real time;
Data collection system, the Discussion on architecture environmental information for collecting;
Data transmission system, for the Discussion on architecture environmental information in data collection system to be transmitted to central processing system
System;
Central host, for carrying out comprehensive analysis and processing to the data received, according to Discussion on architecture ring collected
Border information and Chinese five macroclimate area basis meteorological datas and the cold and hot standard energy consumption data of types of functionality building, constitute building
Standard cooling and heating load prediction model, and subregion is refined according to building, it generates and builds the cold and hot energy demand performance graph of each sub-district,
And a performance graph is updated at regular intervals;And complete assigning for instructions;
It is described energy conservation heavy-current control system include:
Frequency converter unit is controlled for controlling each hot and cold water pump, soil land source side water pump, the frequency of auxiliary cooling tower blower
Mode issues instruction according to central control cabinet and carries out independently or link to execute;
Electrically operated valve unit, the subregion branch pipe for fine subregion are managed;
Central control cabinet, for receiving and executing specifically executing instruction for light-current system sending.
Further, the Discussion on architecture environmental information, including air-conditioning equipment real-time monitoring parameter, air-conditioner water system are supervised in real time
Survey parameter, soil real-time monitoring parameter, indoor typical room real-time monitoring parameter, outdoor environment real-time monitoring parameter.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) the building standard cooling and heating load prediction model provided by the invention based on big data, has fully considered outdoor ring
Border meteorologic parameter, building function (i.e. consideration building type, building occupancy, using feature, with can temporal characteristics etc.), building it is basic
Parameter (Shape Coefficient, building enclosure, air conditioning area, with can number, Indoor Environmental Design parameter etc.), while with sensing abundant
Device is hardware support, and acquisition stores parameters when operation of air conditioner, generates building load dynamic by complicated calculating analysis
Change curve predicts next a certain moment load variations trend, adjusts cold and hot water flow in advance.The model is largely gram
The phenomenon that uncertain bring control and regulation for having taken building load variation are difficult, avoid " low load with strong power ", keeps system total
Efficiency can improve 5%-25% on original system efficiency basis again;Shorten 50%~75% by air-conditioning system hysteresis quality band
The regulating time come is poor, guarantees fluctuations in indoor temperature within the scope of 1 DEG C;The model has self-learning function simultaneously, to storage
Data carry out comprehensive analysis, find and use energy rule, constantly update, and with the passage of time, load prediction will be more and more accurate,
Since data-base recording builds annual energy consumption data, the data that provides the foundation is analyzed for later period building energy conservation.
(2) the Building Cooling standard energy consumption prediction model provided by the invention based on big data, by the sendible temperature of human body
As important standard of considering, the calculating of Building Cooling load is participated in.And current Air-conditioner design, using constant design temperature
(such as 26 DEG C of summer, 18 DEG C of winter), do not account for the combined influence that humidity, radiation and wind speed experience people, identical design
Temperature is different in different moments to people's bring subjective feeling;And sendible temperature is included in Air-conditioner design, not only ensure
The thermal environment of high-quality, it is also possible to have an energy-efficient potentiality.
(3) method of building fining subregion provided by the invention, avoids the drawbacks of coarse subregion of tradition is brought, sufficiently
Consider construction characteristic, building function, Building Cooling load, with can temporal characteristics etc., can be avoided due to indoor design, build
It is difficult to build control caused by the differences such as function, personnel's service condition, external environment influence, while reaching energy conservation to a certain extent
Purpose ensure that indoor thermal comfort environment of rural quality, reach mesh that is flexible, reducing energy consumption and guarantee high quality heat environment easy to control
's.
(4) three stage of equipment start-up and shut-down control strategy provided by the invention, startup stage by optimization boot program, reduce not
Necessary equipment starts energy consumption, achievees the purpose that quick start;Stable operation stage is with load forecasting model and accurate control hand
Section effectively overcomes the hysteresis quality of system, ensures high-quality indoor environment;Shutdown phase fully considers the cooling energy of system itself
Power is shut down in advance, reduces equipment energy consumption.
(5) soil source heat pump system that the present invention uses, belongs to the comprehensive development and utilization of renewable energy technologies.Soil source
Heat pump will not generate harmful substance in entire use process, pollute environment, and with tradition machinery refrigeration+boiler Cooling and Heat Source
Mode is compared, and average annual energy conservation is 40% or more.
(6) in steady state operation phase, by detection soil source inlet and outlet temperature variation, intelligent control cooling tower is carried out
Supplement heat rejecter heat dissipation, it is ensured that soil moisture amplitude of variation is in 1 DEG C, to realize soil source heat pump system efficiently, surely
Fixed operation.
By detection soil moisture variation, intelligent control cooling tower carries out supplement heat rejecter heat dissipation, it is ensured that the soil moisture
Amplitude of variation is in 1 DEG C, to realize the operation that soil source heat pump system is efficient, stable.
(7) it is combined by the way that building standard cooling and heating load prediction model, fine zonal control will be constructed with control by stages,
Big data technology, technology of Internet of things, variable-frequency control technique and new energy technology are taken full advantage of, central air conditioner system is realized
Optimization of Energy Saving control;Compared with traditional mechanical refrigeration+boiler Cooling and Heat Source mode, reduction Architectural Equipment energy consumption 40%~
60%, maintenance operation cost expense 60%~80% is reduced, while indoor temperature fluctuation is not higher than 1 DEG C in the air-conditioning time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is soil source heat pump system structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is soil source heat pump system start-up phase control logic figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is soil source heat pump system operation phase of embodiment of the present invention control logic figure;
Fig. 4 is soil source heat pump system shutdown phase control logic figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is building standard cooling and heating load prediction model working principle diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment.
A kind of Energy Saving Control of soil source heat pump system includes the building standard cooling and heating load based on big data analysis processing
Prediction model, building fining zonal control and three stage of air-conditioning equipment start-up and shut-down control three parts.
In the present invention, building standard cooling and heating load prediction model, i.e. building standard cold and hot energy consumption data library mainly includes
Five macroclimate area basis meteorological data of state, (such as building function, shape coefficient of building go along with sb. to guard him knot to design phase building initial data
Structure parameter, air conditioning area, personnel's service condition and Building Indoor Environment initial design parameters etc.), the system operation phase counts in real time
According to acquisition and four storage unit, aggregation of data processing unit parts.
Wherein, Chinese five macroclimate area basis meteorological datas refer to the local various data relevant to weather of building, such as temperature
Degree, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, rainfall etc. can carry out detection or by weather forecast as ginseng by corresponding sensor
It examines.The building function includes building type (such as residential building, market, school, factory), building occupancy (such as inhabitation, quotient
Industry, education, workshop etc.), with can temporal characteristics (such as with energy frequency, time).The shape coefficient of building refers to building
The ratio of the external surface area and architectural volume that contact with outdoor air, the ratio can be calculated by related software.Described
Building enclosure parameter refers to the enclosing object in each face of building and room, such as door, window, wall, can effectively resist adverse environment
Relevant design parameter, such as heat transfer coefficient, shading coefficient, air-tightness.Personnel's service condition refers in building or different
Layer, using in same district can number.The Building Indoor Environment initial design parameters include human body sendible temperature, humidity, wind
The relevant parameters such as speed.The above-mentioned design phase common built-up cooling and heating load demand data accuracy of building initial data reaches
To whole year by when benchmark, wherein building function, building basic parameter (including shape coefficient of architecture, building enclosure parameter, conditioned surface
Product, personnel's service condition), interior architecture environment design parameter it is initial in energy conserving system operation, need set again according to the actual situation
Determine parameter.
Human body sendible temperature above-mentioned, refers to the subjective feeling by fully considering people to environment, the inlay in computer
Feel temperature calculation models, according to certain moment air themperature, radiation intensity (comprehensively consider solar radiation, wall radiation and it is indoor its
His object radiation etc.), the combined influence of humidity and wind speed, generate dynamic body sense temperature curve, instruct carry calculation.It simplifies mould
Type, which can be regarded as, corrects air-conditioning indoor design temperature (code requirement temperature), considers area and seasonal bring shadow
It rings, reduced mechanical model is as follows:
T=T1×K1×K2
In formula:T is human body sendible temperature (DEG C);T1For air-conditioning indoor design temperature (DEG C);K1For regional correction factor (south
Side area 0.8~0.92, northern area 0.85~0.95);K2For season-correcting coefficient (summer 0.85~0.95, winter 1.05
~1.15, conditioning in Transition Season 1.0).
The data that above-mentioned design phase building initial data and system operation phase acquire in real time are stored in storage unit
In.According to the data that design phase building initial data and system operation phase acquire in real time, aggregation of data processing unit is automatic
Complete to calculate generate it is cold and hot with can demand performance graph, and data renewal time can be independently set according to user demand, generally with
15~30min is advisable.
Building standard cooling and heating load prediction model of the invention can be good at slowing down the large time delay of air-conditioning system, overcome
The uncertainty of load variations, while the model has self-learning function, carries out comprehensive analysis to the data of storage, finds and use
Can be regular, with the passage of time, load prediction will be more and more accurate, since data-base recording builds annual energy consumption number
According to providing the foundation data for the analysis of later period building energy conservation.
In the present invention, building fining zonal control is using region cooling and heating load as partitioning standards, according to room in building
Between function, with can number, Outdoor Air Parameters, when every square metre of cooling and heating load difference>When 30%, a new air-conditioning is just divided
Region, and new air conditioning area area is not preferably less than 500 square metres, realizes temperature independent control in sub-district.Refine subregion
Purpose is to avoid the control due to caused by the differences such as indoor design, building function, personnel's service condition, external environment influence
System is difficult, while reaching energy saving purpose to a certain extent, ensure that indoor thermal comfort environment of rural quality.
Three stage start-up and shut-down control include equipment startup stage, steady state operation phase and equipment downtime stage, the control strategy
It is different from traditional sequential control.Startup stage of the invention will fully consider the starting time of equipment, boot sequence (soil source
Heat pump unit, freezing/cooling water pump etc.), the physical length from cooling capacity and pipeline of cooling water, when providing accurately start and stop
Between control amount.Simultaneously because the hysteresis quality of system and quickly taking away indoor waste heat (carry out indoor preheating), increased in startup stage
Cold and hot water flow (for 1.1~1.5 times of metered flow), achievees the purpose that quick start, to quickly carry out indoor original cold
Thermic load discharge.Equipment, which starts to the time range of steady state operation phase, to be controlled within 0.5 hour;Second stage is stable state fortune
Row order section, time are limited to the time for the energy consumption system working time subtracting first stage and phase III, cold and hot water flow according to
It is executed according to standard hot-cool demand curve.Steady state operation phase strictly using load forecasting model output data as foundation, passes through frequency conversion
Speed adjusting technique controls cold and hot water flow, reaches energy saving purpose.The equipment downtime stage should fully consider cooling water from cooling capacity
Refrigerating capacity with chilled water is stored in system pipeline, accurately calculates the time quantum shut down in advance, reaches energy saving purpose.
It is above-mentioned to be controlled stage by stage, it can guarantee that fluctuations in indoor temperature is not higher than 1 DEG C in the air-conditioning time, intelligent control is cold
But tower carries out supplement heat rejecter heat dissipation, it is ensured that soil moisture amplitude of variation is in 1 DEG C, to realize soil source heat pump system
Efficiently, stable operation.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the central air-conditioning control that the present invention also provides a kind of based on soil source heat pump system
System, issue and the integrated treatment server three parts of upload, control data including monitoring data, wherein monitoring data is upper
It passes and needs various sensor real-time data collections, content includes that air-conditioning equipment real-time monitoring parameter, air-conditioner water system are supervised in real time
Survey parameter, soil real-time monitoring parameter, indoor typical room real-time monitoring parameter, outdoor environment real-time monitoring parameter;Control number
According to issue and refer to integrated treatment server according to the monitoring data of upload, processing issues control data and carries out air-conditioning by analysis
The optimum management of system, content include the start-up and shut-down control of ground source heat pump, host frequency control, all kinds of water pump start and stop and become
Frequency control, the start and stop of auxiliary cooling tower blower and frequency control, the control of all kinds of frequency converters and each electric control valve start-stop and flow
Adjust control etc.;Integrated treatment server is the core of entire control system, is generated including the processing analysis to data cold and hot negative
Lotus prediction model, control the issuing of data, early warning system of alarming, information data are shown and human-computer interaction.
The following are a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
Present case is practical engineering project:The design of Changsha villa soil source heat pump central air-conditioning system.
The project is located at Changsha Yuelu District, is a Dan Dongsan layers of villa Air Conditioning Scheme design.Building area
130m2, wherein air conditioning area 294m2, mainly comprising function rooms such as parlor, dining room, bedroom, studies.By examining on the spot and work
Journey technical economic analysis, determination use soil source heat pump system to provide refrigeration and heating, summer cold water supply and return water temperature for user
7/12 DEG C, 40/45 DEG C of winter hot water supply and return water temperature.Corresponding design parameter is shown in Table 1, table 2:
1. Indoor and outdoor environmental designs parameter of table
Note:Changsha belongs to hot-summer and cold-winter area.
2. Indoor Environmental Design parameter of table
By calculating, summer air-conditioning total refrigeration duty is 30.87kw;Winter air-conditioning thermic load is that (including fresh air is negative by 24.11kw
Lotus).Air conditioning system is:Mixing hot and cold source (ground source heat pump+auxiliary cooling tower)+fan coil+dedicated fresh air system
System, system form are shown in attached drawing 1.Auxiliary cooling tower 1 is connected by the cooling water intake-outlet of cooling water pump 2 and ground source heat pump
It connects;The chilled water water outlet connection fan coil of ground source heat pump and new blower, wherein the present embodiment uses 7 fan units
Pipe and 3 new blowers.Fan coil and the chilled water pump 3 of new blower connect the chilled water water inlet of ground source heat pump.On
Stating connection has been the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
Consider that coefficient of utilization while room 0.8, ground source heat pump are Norway Nuo Bao company (NOBO) production
S1310-20 type ground source heat pump, specific device parameter are shown in Table 3:
3. heat pump unit device parameter of table
By geological conditions field exploring, as the result is shown:Instrument connection is 17.6 in 10m or less soil average temperature measurement
DEG C, the comprehensive thermal coefficient of soil is 2.28W/ (mK), and the heat exchange under instrument connection heating condition is 49W/m.Through comparative analysis, bury
Heat exchange of heat pipe 4 uses perpendicularly buried pipe mode, is managed using the high density polyethylene (HDPE) PE100 of DN25, using single U-shaped reversed return type list in parallel
Arrange arranging system.Being computed 4 total length of buried tube heat exchanger is 265.3m, and each well depth is 70m, diameter 110mm, amounts to 4 mouthfuls
Well, 5 meters of well spacing.Considered according to the soil moisture, heat transfer medium uses mass concentration water-soluble for 20% ethylene glycol in underground pipe
Liquid prevents from freezing in pipe.
In conclusion other capital equipment models such as table 4, table 5 in system:
4. pump selection design parameter table of table
According to building inner room using function, using the difference on time and power load distributing, subregion is refined using building
The thought of control.Wherein one layer of parlor and dining room are a conditioned area;Two, three layers are mainly bedroom, more unified with the energy time,
Load accounting is uniform, is a conditioned area.
In order to achieve the purpose that energy conservation and accurately control, there are also the monitoring and control systems of complete set for the system:It is building
It builds and distinguishes pre-buried 1 Temperature Humidity Sensor on four side exterior walls, 1 solar irradiation instrument is set on the exterior wall of southern side, in Typical Representative
1 Temperature Humidity Sensor and 1 CO is respectively arranged in room (such as bedroom, parlor, study)2Concentration detection sensor;All water pumps
Using variable frequency pump, valve uses motor-operated control valve, and entire water circuit system flow can be realized electrodeless between 30%~100%
It adjusts;Flow sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor is respectively set on chilled water disengaging water conduit tube, by for return water
Equilibrated valve is set on siphunculus;Flow sensor, temperature sensor, pressure is respectively set on soil side disengaging water conduit tube to pass
Sensor;Electric two-way valve is respectively set on Fresh air handling units and fan coil;Soil moisture variation detection is carried out, intelligent starting is auxiliary
Cooling tower is helped, ensures that heat pump system is efficient, stablize and be safely operated.
In the present embodiment, monitoring parameters mainly include air-conditioning equipment real-time monitoring parameter, air-conditioner water system real-time monitoring ginseng
Number, soil real-time monitoring parameter, indoor typical room real-time monitoring parameter, outdoor real-time monitoring parameter.Wherein air-conditioning equipment is real
When monitoring parameters include that all kinds of pump rotary speeds and parameters of electric power, the detection of all kinds of valve openings, air-conditioner host parameters of electric power, auxiliary are cold
But tower blower parameters of electric power.Air-conditioner water system real-time monitoring parameter includes pressure, temperature, liquid level, pressure flow velocity, pressure and temp etc.
Parameter.Soil real-time monitoring parameter includes the parameters such as temperature.Indoor typical room real-time monitoring parameter includes humidity, temperature, CO2
The parameters such as concentration.Outdoor real-time monitoring parameter includes the parameters such as irradiation intensity, humidity, wind speed, temperature.By above-mentioned each parameter on
Data collector is reached, data collector can be multiple.Data collector is carried out by concentrator and server and client side
Communication, server are communicated with client, and the connection between them can be wired and or wireless communications mode.Data are adopted
The detection data uploaded in storage can be transmitted to server by concentrator and be stored, analyzed and be calculated.Client is equipped with upper
Position machine interface, operator can assign instruction and be sent to central control cabinet through server and concentrator, be controlled by central control cabinet each
System acting, it is start-up and shut-down control, host frequency control, all kinds of water pump start and stop and frequency control including ground source heat pump, auxiliary
It helps blower fan of cooling tower start and stop and frequency control, the control of all kinds of frequency converters and each electric control valve start-stop and flow to adjust to control
Deng so as to realize the mode of remote group and start & shutdown through one key.
In the present embodiment, three stage controls are the core control strategies of the soil source heat pump system, and algorithm is in server
Interior progress.It mainly include startup stage, steady state operation phase and shutdown phase.
As shown in Figure 2:The control mode of startup stage includes the following steps:
S201:According to environmental parameter determine optimal boot time (by set room parameter, the outdoor parameter of monitoring, master
Machine capacity and pipeline set-up mode codetermine, and by the description of parameter, control system computer embedded is accurately calculated from booting
To time T required for the temperature for reaching indoor requirement1, up time (such as morning 8 is used by what is set:00) it subtracts and opens in advance
Machine time T1To get arrive optimal boot time);
S202:If the available machine time arrives, system enters power on mode interface;
S203:Power on mode interface includes cooling in summer and winter heating, or a mode, such as summer system is only arranged
Cold, the downside of cooling in summer is equipped with "Yes" key and "No" key, selects "Yes", then enters cooling in summer mode, selects "No",
Then enter winter heating's mode.
S204:When selecting cooling in summer mode, "Yes" key is such as selected, first whether monitoring host is abnormal, if abnormal,
To system alarm and terminate;If normal, then it whether abnormal monitors soil source side ring road, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;
If normal, then soil land source side water pump (including cooling water pump and soil side water circulating pump) and valve are opened after 30s;After unlatching, inspection
Whether abnormal chilled water side ring road (user side) is surveyed, if exception, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, then it is opened after 30s cold
Freeze water pump and valve;Ground source heat pump host is opened after 3min, to complete the startup stage of cooling in summer mode.
S205:If selecting "No" key, is commutated by four-way reversing valve, go to winter heating's mode, specifically include:First
It whether abnormal monitors host, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, detecting chilled water side ring road (user side) is
If no exception to system alarm and terminates abnormal;If normal, then chilled water pump and valve are opened;After unlatching, soil is detected
Whether source loop is abnormal, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, then soil land source side water pump and valve are opened;Again
Ground source heat pump host is opened, to complete the startup stage of winter heating's mode.
As shown in Figure 3:The control mode of steady state operation phase includes the following steps:
S301:After opening ground source heat pump, detection condenser imports and exports water temperature, judges to import and export water temperature, judges temperature
Whether degree is in set temperature, if so, running by original state;If it is not, being then discussed below respectively;
If water temperature is greater than the set value, first adjusts soil side water pump frequency and valve opening is opened when reaching accommodation limit
It opens blower fan of cooling tower and carries out auxiliary heat dissipation, and open cooling water water pump and valve, detect condenser again and import and export water temperature, if water
Temperature is still greater than setting value, then adjusts cooling water pump, blower frequency and valve opening again, until water temperature is transported within the set range
Row;If water temperature is less than setting value, first judge whether cooling tower is opened, then adjust corresponding water pump, blower frequency and valve opening;
Detection condenser imports and exports water temperature again, if water temperature closes cooling tower still less than setting value, adjusts soil side water pump frequency again
Rate and valve opening, until water temperature is run within the set range;
S302:It detects chilled water (i.e. evaporator) and imports and exports water temperature, judge whether the temperature difference of intake-outlet is equal to setting temperature
Difference detects the freezing water entrance temperature difference if being equal to;If being not equal to, controlled by the PID temperature difference, adjusts chilled water pumping frequency
Rate and related valve aperture run it in setting the temperature difference range.
Thus the operation of steady state operation phase is completed.
It is auxiliary to control starting by detecting the inlet and outlet water temperature of evaporator and condenser, i.e. soil source inlet and outlet temperature
Help the start and stop of cooling tower;When water temperature continuously increases certain temperature (increasing 1 DEG C as continuous), illustrate that soil cooling capacity has at this time
Limit, the work of linkage control cooling tower carry out auxiliary heat dissipation, on the one hand guarantee the stabilization of the soil moisture, on the other hand realize the summer in soil winter
Ji Lengre balance.
As shown in Figure 4:The control mode of shutdown phase includes the following steps:
S401:According to environmental parameter determine best unused time (by set room parameter, the outdoor parameter of monitoring, pipe
Road water cooling capacity codetermines, and by the description of parameter, control system computer embedded is accurately calculated when preceding pipeline water
Maintain the time T of setting indoor environment2, by setting with can dwell time (such as afternoon 6:00) unused time T in advance is subtracted2, i.e.,
Obtain the best unused time);
S402:If the unused time arrives, ground source heat pump host is closed;
S403:Ground source heat pump host signal is detected after 3min, whether confirmation host shuts down, if not shutting down, to
System host alarm;If having shut down, confirm whether blower fan of cooling tower runs, if operation, closes blower fan of cooling tower after 15s,
Confirm that cooling tower divides whether blower closes again, if being not turned off, alarms to system host.If cooling water is closed in closing after 15s
Pump and soil side water circulating pump;If blower fan of cooling tower not running, cooling water pump and soil side recirculated water are directly closed after 15s
Pump;
S404:Whether confirmation cooling water pump and soil side water circulating pump close, if being not turned off, alarm to system host;
If closing, chilled water pump is closed after 15min;
S405:Whether confirmation chilled water pump closes, if being not turned off, alarms to system host;If closing, soil is closed
Side and chilled water side valve door, to complete the operation of shutdown phase.
As shown in figure 5, the principle of the present embodiment building standard cooling and heating load prediction model is:By initial designs firsthand information
In indoor and outdoor Real-time Monitoring Data typing server, building standard cooling and heating load prediction model is formed, it is cold then to generate building
Heat load prediction performance graph stores this practical building energy consumption to building standard further according to the cooling and heating load of actual demand
In load forecasting model, new Building Cooling load prediction performance graph is generated again, is so updated.In such manner, it is possible to well
The large time delay for slowing down air-conditioning system, overcomes the uncertainty of load variations, while the model has self-learning function, to depositing
The data of storage carry out comprehensive analysis, find and use energy rule, and with the passage of time, load prediction will be more and more accurate, due to
Data-base recording builds annual energy consumption data, provides the foundation data for the analysis of later period building energy conservation.
In conclusion soil source heat pump system of the present embodiment based on this big data, three stages and fine zonal control
Energy-saving control method, the soil source heat pump system stable operation are more than 1 year.During operation, equipment and control system without
Any failure, energy-saving effect is obvious, and indoor thermal environment quality is high, is in particular in:Compared with conventional control, equipment from booting to
The room temperature stable time shortens 12 minutes, by itself cooling capacity of system, can shift to an earlier date 20 minutes and shut down, without shadow
Indoor temperature change generated in case is rung, under the support of load forecasting model, system variable-flow operation overcomes the hysteresis quality of system, time
It adjusts difference and shortens 76%;Indoor environment can be always maintained at high thermal comfort in the air-conditioning time, and range of temperature is no more than 0.8
DEG C, fresh air volume is sufficient, CO2Concentration meets hygienic requirements;Compared with mechanical refrigeration+boiler Cooling and Heat Source mode, synthesis energy saving
58%.
Above-described specific implementation case has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not limited to this hair the foregoing is merely specific implementation case of the invention
Bright, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of energy-saving control method of soil source heat pump system, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1:The internal and external environment information for the building that soil source heat pump system is serviced is acquired;The information of acquisition is carried out
It analyses and compares, according to Chinese five macroclimate area basis meteorological datas and the cold and hot standard energy consumption data of types of functionality building, constitutes
Building standard cooling and heating load prediction model;
S2:According to building standard cooling and heating load prediction model, consider building function, with can time and power load distributing difference, into
Building of going refines subregion, and generates the cold and hot energy demand performance graph of each sub-district of building, and update once according to the predetermined time
Performance graph;
S3:Indoor end, freezing/hot water water pump, the valve unit, soil land source side water pump, supplement heat rejecter of soil source heat pump system
Tower and heat pump main frame timely respond to the instruction that central host is sent out, according to can demand performance graph, consider equipment response when
Between, start and stop feature and system water capacity, soil source heat pump system is divided into equipment startup stage, steady state operation phase and equipment
Shutdown phase carries out control by stages.
2. the energy-saving control method of soil source heat pump system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, the China
Five macroclimate area basis meteorological datas are out door climatic parameter;The cold and hot standard energy consumption data of types of functionality building includes building
Build function, shape coefficient of building, building enclosure parameter, air conditioning area, personnel's service condition and Building Indoor Environment initial designs
Parameter;The Building Indoor Environment initial design parameters include human body sendible temperature, humidity, wind speed, indoor radiation.
3. the energy-saving control method of soil source heat pump system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the body temperature-sensitive
Degree is by fully considering that people to the subjective feeling of environment, embeds sendible temperature computation model in computer, according to certain moment air
The combined influence of temperature, radiation intensity, humidity and wind speed generates dynamic body sense temperature curve, instructs carry calculation, and model is logical
Cross following formula acquisition:
T=T1×K1×K2
In formula:T is human body sendible temperature;T1For air-conditioning indoor design temperature;K1For regional correction factor;K2It is corrected for season and is
Number;Wherein southern area K1It is 0.8~0.92, northern area K1It is 0.85~0.95;Summer K2It is 0.85~0.95, winter K2
It is 1.05~1.15, conditioning in Transition Season K2It is 1.0.
4. the energy-saving control method of any one soil source heat pump system according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that in S2,
Building fining subregion is using region cooling and heating load as partitioning standards, according to building inner room function, with can number, room
External environment parameter, when every square metre of cooling and heating load difference>When 30%, a new air conditioning area is just divided;New air conditioning area face
Product is not less than 500 square metres, realizes temperature independent control in sub-district.
5. the energy-saving control method of any one soil source heat pump system according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that in S3,
The time range t of the equipment startup stage1It is 1/6~2/3 hour, hot and cold water flow control is the 1.1~1.5 of declared working condition
Times;The time t of steady state operation phase2=t0-t1-t3, wherein t0Total time is run for system, cold and hot water flow is according to Building Cooling
It is executed with energy demand performance graph;The time range t in equipment downtime stage3It is 1/3~1/2 hour, cold and hot water flow foundation is built
Build cold and hot energy demand performance graph execution.
6. the energy-saving control method of any one soil source heat pump system according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that in S3,
The control mode of the equipment startup stage includes the following steps:
S301:Optimal boot time is determined according to environmental parameter;
S302:If the available machine time arrives, system enters power on mode interface;
S303:When selecting cooling in summer mode, whether abnormal host is first monitored, if exception, to system alarm and terminates;If
Normally, then it whether abnormal monitors soil source side ring road, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, then soil source is opened
Side water pump and valve;After unlatching, whether detection freezing water loops are abnormal, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminate;If normal,
Then open chilled water pump and valve;It is then turned on ground source heat pump host, to complete the startup stage of cooling in summer mode;
S304:When selecting winter heating's mode, then related valve commutates to winter heating's mode, specifically includes:First monitoring master
Whether machine is abnormal, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminates;If normal, whether detection chilled water side ring road is abnormal, if abnormal,
Then to system alarm and terminate;If normal, then chilled water pump and valve are opened;After unlatching, whether detection soil source side ring road is different
Often, if abnormal, to system alarm and terminate;If normal, then soil land source side water pump and valve are opened;It is then turned on soil source heat pump
Unit host, to complete the startup stage of winter heating's mode.
7. the energy-saving control method of any one soil source heat pump system according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described
The control mode of steady state operation phase includes the following steps:
S311:After opening ground source heat pump, detection condenser imports and exports water temperature, judges to import and export whether water temperature is in setting
Temperature, if so, being run by original state;If it is not, then dividing following situations;
If water temperature is greater than the set value, soil side water pump frequency and valve opening are first adjusted, when reaching accommodation limit, is opened cold
But tower auxiliary heat dissipation, until water temperature is run within the set range;If water temperature is less than setting value, first judge whether cooling tower is opened
It opens, then adjusts corresponding water pump frequency and valve opening, until water temperature is run within the set range;
S312:Evaporator inlet-outlet water temperature is detected, judges whether the temperature difference of intake-outlet is equal to setting temperature difference, if being equal to,
It is run in setting the temperature difference range;If being not equal to, controlled by the PID temperature difference, adjusts chilled water pump frequency and related valve is opened
Degree runs it in setting the temperature difference range.
8. the energy-saving control method of any one soil source heat pump system according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described
The control mode in equipment downtime stage includes the following steps:
S321:The best unused time is determined according to environmental parameter;
S322:If the unused time arrives, ground source heat pump host is closed;
S323:Ground source heat pump host signal is detected according to the predetermined time, whether confirmation host shuts down, if not shutting down,
It alarms to system host;If having shut down, confirm whether blower fan of cooling tower runs, if operation, is closed and cooled down according to the predetermined time
Tower blower, then confirm that cooling tower divides whether blower closes, if being not turned off, alarm to system host;If closing, according to pre- timing
Between close soil land source side water pump;If blower fan of cooling tower not running, soil land source side water pump is directly closed according to the predetermined time;
S324:Whether confirmation soil land source side water pump closes, if being not turned off, alarms to system host;If closing, according to pre- timing
Between close chilled water pump;
S325:Whether confirmation chilled water pump closes, if being not turned off, alarms to system host;If close, close soil side and
Chilled water side valve door, to complete the operation of shutdown phase.
9. a kind of energy-saving control system of soil source heat pump system, which is characterized in that including energy saving light-current system and energy conservation
Heavy-current control system;
It is described energy conservation light-current system include:
Sensor unit, for acquiring Discussion on architecture environmental information in real time;
Data collection system, the Discussion on architecture environmental information for collecting;
Data transmission system, for the Discussion on architecture environmental information in data collection system to be transmitted to central processing system;
Central host is believed for carrying out comprehensive analysis and processing to the data received according to Discussion on architecture environment collected
Breath and Chinese five macroclimate area basis meteorological datas and the cold and hot standard energy consumption data of types of functionality building, constitute building standard
Cooling and heating load prediction model, and subregion is refined according to building, it generates and builds the cold and hot energy demand performance graph of each sub-district, and is every
A performance graph is updated every certain time;And complete assigning for instructions;
It is described energy conservation heavy-current control system include:
Frequency converter unit, for controlling each hot and cold water pump, soil land source side water pump, the frequency of auxiliary cooling tower blower, control mode
Instruction is issued according to central control cabinet to carry out independently or link to execute;
Electrically operated valve unit, the subregion branch pipe for fine subregion are managed;
Central control cabinet, for receiving and executing specifically executing instruction for light-current system sending.
10. the energy-saving control system of soil source heat pump system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the Discussion on architecture
Environmental information, including air-conditioning equipment real-time monitoring parameter, air-conditioner water system real-time monitoring parameter, soil real-time monitoring parameter, room
Interior typical room real-time monitoring parameter, outdoor environment real-time monitoring parameter.
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