CN108890222A - Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting - Google Patents
Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108890222A CN108890222A CN201810680746.XA CN201810680746A CN108890222A CN 108890222 A CN108890222 A CN 108890222A CN 201810680746 A CN201810680746 A CN 201810680746A CN 108890222 A CN108890222 A CN 108890222A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe fitting
- rear axle
- axle case
- feed mechanism
- axial feed
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/025—Stamping using rigid devices or tools for tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/50—Other automobile vehicle parts, i.e. manufactured in assembly lines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting, equipment to include:Mold is divided into upper die and lower die, is respectively provided with corresponding working surface in the upper mold and the lower die;Axial feed mechanism, between the working surface, the axial feed mechanism has along axial lumen therethrough;Cylinder pressure is connect with the axial feed mechanism, and the axial feed mechanism is driven to move along the working surface;Gas source is connected to the lumen therethrough, blows into the working surface.Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting of the invention can evade all disadvantages of punch welding technique, especially all disadvantages of the slow problem of productive temp and casting technique, the especially loose problem of cast structure using the swollen technique of hot gas.Hot gas is swollen to use Varying Thickness Plates pipe crimping for raw material, improves formability using local heating, by high pressure gas bulging in a mold, completes overall structure finally by cutting and polishing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fittings.
Background technique
Commercial chassis rear axle medium and heavy at present mainly uses two kinds of forming methods, is punch welding technique and casting respectively
Technique.
For rear axle case 1 ' (as shown in Figure 1), currently used two kinds of technique detailed process difference is as follows:
1. punch welding technique:
The first step:Required rear axle case digital-to-analogue is cut into symmetrical two halves, and is launched into required blank line, and
Stock layout is carried out according to maximum stock utilization, stock utilization control point is known according to stock layout result, thus further divides the part
Amount to 6 parts at 3 regions, wherein I part in region is identical with region II, and 4 parts are identical in the III of region,
As shown in Figure 2.
Second step:The hot rolled plate coiled strip uncoiling that steel mill is provided, smoothing, blanking, according to blank line carry out mold blanking or
Person's plasma blanking, obtains required blank;
Third step:The secondary finishing die of exploitation one, is used for shaped region I part, a secondary small finishing die is in addition developed, for shaping
Region III part;
4th step:With box type heater by blank heating to Ac1Temperatures above makes blank austenitizing, is then placed in mould
Punch forming in tool, is quickly cooled down with mold;
5th step:Rear axle case after molding is taken out, bead is carried out, removes the oxide skin on surface;High pressure is used simultaneously
Water rinses and cooling mold;
6th step:Rear axle case seam allowance is subjected to sanding and polishing processing, guarantees that two panels rear axle case overlap joint seam allowance tolerance exists
In claimed range;
7th step:Region III part and region I part are fixed using fixture, use CO2Gas shielded arc welding welds 8 welderings
Point is fixed, then region II part is put into fixture clamping, is then welded using electron-bombardment welding;
8th step:Rear axle case is taken out, stress relief annealing is carried out, shakes timeliness, quality inspection and mounting surface and installation
Hole machining.
2. casting technique:
The first step:It makes rear axle case and casts sandbox, plug;
Second step:Prepare pour steel, castable removes sandbox after forming to be cooled;
Third step:Rear axle case casting is taken out, after having handled casting flaw, carries out stress relief annealing process;
4th step:After rear axle case casting brush antirust paint, natrual ageing is carried out;
5th step:Carry out each mounting surface machining.
Prior art has the following problems:
1. it is as follows that punch welding technique produces axle housing disadvantage:
Weld seam is more and long, and welding interior stress is big, needs to weld 6 parts, weld seam overall length 4800mm;
Because of 6 part welding, welding seam allowance requires height, needs that additionally seam allowance is processed and polished;
Welding deformation is big, influences product size precision, and weld seam needs to carry out stress relief annealing;
The vacuum electron beam welding time is long, is production bottleneck process, and yield is limited by welding sequence;
Weld seam is stress concentration region, and axle housing is easy to crack in axle housing region when by shock loading;
2. it is as follows that casting technique produces axle housing disadvantage:
The casting preparatory period is long, casts sandbox and plug occupied ground is big;
The defects of casting flaw is more, and casting bridge shell is easy to produce burning into sand, stomata, burr, it is long to reprocess process for high rejection rate;
Cast structure is loose, and crystal grain gap is big, it is therefore desirable to increase axle housing thickness to guarantee axle housing intensity and shock resistance energy
Power, and need to increase prolonged stress relief annealing process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fittings, can evade punch welding
All disadvantages of technique, especially all disadvantages of the slow problem of productive temp and casting technique, especially cast structure are loose
Problem.
Rear axle case molding equipment of the invention, including:Mold is divided into upper die and lower die, the upper mold and the lower die
On be respectively provided with corresponding working surface;Axial feed mechanism, between the working surface, the axial feed mechanism tool
Have along axial lumen therethrough;Cylinder pressure is connect with the axial feed mechanism, drives the axial feed mechanism in the work type
It is moved in face;Gas source is connected to the lumen therethrough, blows into the working surface.
Rear axle case molding equipment as described above, wherein the cylinder pressure is hydraulic cylinder;The cylinder pressure is connected to liquid source.
Rear axle case molding equipment as described above, wherein further include bi-core pipe, the bi-core pipe is respectively communicated with the liquid
Source and the gas source, and the liquid source is made to be connected to the cylinder pressure, so that the gas source is connected to the lumen therethrough.
Rear axle case molding equipment as described above, wherein be additionally provided with cooling water channel in the mold;And/or it is described
Gas source is the high pressure nitrogen of compression.
Rear axle case molding equipment as described above, wherein the work type in the upper mold and the lower die
Face is respectively provided with central part and edge, and the central part is in circular ring shape, and the edge is symmetrically formed the two of the central part
Side, and the edge is elongated;The axial feed mechanism is located at institute's edge, and the length of the edge is greater than the axial direction
The length of feed mechanism.
Pipe fitting for above-mentioned rear axle case molding equipment of the invention, the pipe fitting are the fixed Varying-thickness pipe in aperture,
The wall thickness at the middle part of the pipe fitting is greater than the thickness of the edge at the pipe fitting both ends.
Pipe fitting as described above, wherein the wall thickness at the middle part is 15mm-25mm;The wall thickness of the edge is 5mm-
11mm;The internal diameter of the pipe fitting is 90mm-95mm.
Rear axle case forming method of the invention, heats above-mentioned pipe fitting, and the heating temperature at the middle part is high
It is more than or equal to eutectoid line temperature in the heating temperature of the heating temperature of the edge, the edge;To the pipe fitting after heating
It is kept the temperature, makes its austenitizing;The pipe fitting of austenitizing is put into above-mentioned rear axle case molding equipment, the mould
Tool molding, the axial feed mechanism pushes against the pipe fitting both ends, and is blown into high pressure gas, and closing is protected when reaching predetermined pressure
Pressure;It to the pipe fitting water cooling, and takes out, is cut and polished.
Rear axle case forming method as described above, wherein to the heating temperature of the pipe fitting, from middle part to edge for by
Gradually reduce.
Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting of the invention can evade punch welding using the swollen technique of hot gas
All disadvantages of technique, especially all disadvantages of the slow problem of productive temp and casting technique, especially cast structure are loose
Problem.Hot gas is swollen to use Varying Thickness Plates pipe crimping for raw material, formability is improved using local heating, by high pressure gas in mold
Middle bulging completes overall structure finally by cutting and polishing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of rear axle case;
Fig. 2 is the structure broken away view of the rear axle case of punch welding technique preparation;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of rear axle case molding equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial schematic diagram of rear axle case molding equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of pipe fitting of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the axial sectional view of pipe fitting of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
Rear axle case 1 ', upper mold 1, lower die 2, axial feed mechanism 3, cylinder pressure 4, gas source 5, liquid source 6, bi-core pipe 7, lumen therethrough
31, middle part 81, edge 82.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
The present invention discloses a kind of rear axle case molding equipment, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, including:Mold, axial feed mechanism 3,
Cylinder pressure 4 and gas source 5.
Wherein mold is divided into upper mold 1 and lower die 2, and is respectively provided with corresponding working surface, when upper mold 1 and lower die 2 mold,
Upper and lower working surface is opposite to be fastened.Above-mentioned working surface can be understood as the die cavity of mold
Working surface has central part and edge, and central part is in circular ring shape, and edge is symmetrically formed in the two sides of central part,
And edge is elongated;Axial feed mechanism 3 is located at institute's edge, and the length of edge is greater than the length of axial feed mechanism 3.On
Axial feed mechanism 3 is stated in rod shaped structure.
Between working surface, axial feed mechanism 3 has along axial lumen therethrough 31 for axial feed mechanism 3.It is closing
When mould, axial feed mechanism 3 is clamped between upper mold 1 and lower die 2, in general, axial feed mechanism 3 is usually in die sinking
On the working surface of lower die 2.
Cylinder pressure 4 is connect with axial feed mechanism 3, and driving axial feed mechanism 3 moves in working surface, and gas source 5 is connected to
Lumen therethrough 31, blows into working surface.Preferred cylinder pressure 4 is hydraulic cylinder;Cylinder pressure 4 is connected to liquid source 6.It is to be understood that in reality
In use, can be placed with raw material (pipe fitting that can hereafter mention) in working surface, the purpose of the air blowing is blown into pipe fitting on border,
To carry out moulding to pipe fitting.
Preferably, rear axle case molding equipment of the present invention further includes bi-core pipe 7, and bi-core pipe 7 is respectively communicated with liquid source 6 and gas source
5, and liquid source 6 is made to be connected to cylinder pressure 4, so that gas source 5 is connected to lumen therethrough 31.
It is a kind of preferred embodiment of the application using bi-core pipe 7, is not intended to limit this application, as long as can be real
It is existing, it respectively drives axial feed mechanism 3 and is moved in working surface, and can be used by lumen therethrough 31 blowing in mold
In the application.Above-mentioned gas source 5 is the high pressure nitrogen of compression.That is gas source 5 is high-pressure air source, or perhaps the Nitrogen source gases of high pressure.
It is furthermore preferred that be additionally provided with cooling water channel in mold, in the completed after the moulding process of axle shell, to being dropped in mold
Temperature takes out workpiece.
Illustrate a kind of pipe fitting below, referring to figs. 5 and 6, which is the raw material for above-mentioned rear axle case molding equipment,
Namely the pipe fitting may finally be shaped to finally obtained rear axle case 1 ' by above equipment.
Pipe fitting is the fixed Varying-thickness pipe in aperture, and the wall thickness at the middle part 81 of pipe fitting is greater than the thickness of the edge 82 at pipe fitting both ends
Degree.The wall thickness at middle part 81 is 15mm-25mm;The wall thickness of edge 82 is 5mm-11mm;The internal diameter of pipe fitting is 90mm-95mm.
Explanation prepares rear axle case forming method using above equipment and pipe fitting now, and this method is:
It is heated to above-mentioned pipe fitting is weighed, and the heating temperature at middle part 81 is higher than the heating temperature of edge 82, edge 82
Heating temperature is more than or equal to eutectoid line (Ac1Line) temperature;The pipe fitting after heating is kept the temperature, its austenitizing is made.It is right
The heating temperature of the pipe fitting is gradually decreased from middle part 81 to edge 82.
The pipe fitting of austenitizing is put into above-mentioned rear axle case molding equipment, the mold clamping, the axis
The pipe fitting both ends are pushed against to feed mechanism 3, and are blown into high pressure gas, close pressure maintaining when reaching predetermined pressure;
It to the pipe fitting water cooling, and takes out, is cut and polished.
Overall bright this programme, i.e. bonding apparatus, pipe fitting and method illustrate together.
Above-mentioned pipe fitting is usually steel plate preparation, rolls variable-thickness steel plate (Variable-thickness Rolled
Blank), and using washing ball blast remove steel plate oxide layer, outer layer coats silicon substrate anti oxidation layer coating, be finally prepared into as
Shape shown in figure, certainly, that is, Varying-thickness pipe mentioned above.When preparation, usually according to required measure,
The preferably steel plate of 800mm × 288.8mm.Steel plate is rolled into internal diameter required for us, preferably can be 92mm, outer diameter
Different Varying-thickness pipe crimpings, that is, above-mentioned pipe fitting.
Pipe fitting deformed region (the namely region of thickness change) is heated to eutectoid line (Ac1Line) it is more than temperature, heat preservation,
Make the abundant austenitizing of axle housing, it is descending according to wall thickness among intermediate axle shell, heating temperature from high to low at gradient distribution, from
And make the yield strength of axle housing intermediate heat inflatable process plate into gradient distribution, guaranteeing that hot gas is swollen can uniformly become in the bulging stage
Shape.
The pipe fitting of austenitizing is put into mold, particularly in the working surface of mold, both ends axial direction feed mechanism 3
Part in working surface, the head with taper, the head of the taper head into the both ends of pipe fitting, guarantee sealing, upper and lower mould
Tool closure (sealing), high-pressure air source starts to be filled with high pressure gas inward, while the axial feed mechanism 3 at both ends is according to loading curve
Pipe fitting will be become to push away inward, after being pushed into designated position, after high-pressure air source increases to designated value, pressure maintaining.
It is all provided with cooling water pipeline in upper mold 1 and lower die 2, after the completion of pressure maintaining, is passed through cooling water, makes rear axle case 1 ' (following
Abbreviation part) with after the mold is cooled, take out part.
Part end and axle housing lap-joint plasma cut, are completed after polishing.
The problems such as this programme prepares pipe fitting using the plate of rolling, and pore-free is loose, steel mill's batch tubulation weldquality is good,
Precision is high, and weld seam completes homogenizing anneal, welding stress, intermediate deformation area in the swollen preceding austenitizing treatment process of hot gas
Domain is in three-dimensional stress state, and always in A in forming processC3(ferritic transformation is the end of a period temperature of austenite to temperature when heating
Degree) more than, recovery and recrystallization and crystal grain refinement are constantly completed, finally obtained grain structure is fine, and intensity and toughness are fine, and
After hot gas is swollen, by the regulation for being passed through speed and water temperature of mold cooling water, it can control the cooling velocity of axle housing, obtain
Required ideal crystalline form.
Hot gas swollen technique is used when preparation, closed heating furnace safety and environmental protection are easily guaranteed that.
It certainly, will in order to guarantee that the quality of pipe fitting provides pipe fitting generally according to the obtained size of CAE simulation and thickness
It is heated to AC1More than line, 10~30 minutes are kept the temperature with abundant austenitizing, is then placed in mold, utilizes both ends axial feed
The power and high-pressure gas pressure collective effect that mechanism provides accord with axle housing and the swollen die face of hot gas under three-dimensional stress state
Type, then by control cooling water inflow velocity and water temperature, it is uniform to obtain thickness, the satisfactory axle housing product of metallographic structure.
Structure, feature and effect of the invention, the above institute are described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings
Only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is stated, but the present invention does not limit the scope of implementation as shown in the drawings, it is all according to structure of the invention
Think made change or equivalent example modified to equivalent change, when not going beyond the spirit of the description and the drawings,
It should all be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rear axle case molding equipment, which is characterized in that including:
Mold is divided into upper mold (1) and lower die (2), is respectively provided with corresponding work type in the upper mold (1) and the lower die (2)
Face;
Axial feed mechanism (3), between the working surface, the axial feed mechanism (3) has along axial perforation
Chamber (31);
Cylinder pressure (4) is connect with the axial feed mechanism (3), drives the axial feed mechanism (3) in the working surface
It is mobile;
Gas source (5) is connected to the lumen therethrough (31), blows into the working surface.
2. rear axle case molding equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cylinder pressure (4) is hydraulic cylinder;
The cylinder pressure (4) is connected to liquid source (6).
3. rear axle case molding equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
It further include bi-core pipe (7), the bi-core pipe (7) is respectively communicated with the liquid source (6) and the gas source (5), and makes the liquid
Source (6) is connected to the cylinder pressure (4), and the gas source (5) is made to be connected to the lumen therethrough (31).
4. rear axle case molding equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Cooling water channel is additionally provided in the mold;And/or
The gas source (5) is the high pressure nitrogen of compression.
5. rear axle case molding equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The working surface in the upper mold (1) and the lower die (2), is respectively provided with central part and edge, it is described in
Center portion is in circular ring shape, and the edge is symmetrically formed in the two sides of the central part, and the edge is elongated;
The axial feed mechanism (3) is located at institute's edge, and the length of the edge is greater than the length of the axial feed mechanism (3)
Degree.
6. a kind of pipe fitting for any one of the claim 1-5 rear axle case molding equipment, which is characterized in that
The pipe fitting is the fixed Varying-thickness pipe in aperture, and the wall thickness at the middle part (81) of the pipe fitting is greater than the side at the pipe fitting both ends
The thickness in portion (82).
7. pipe fitting according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The wall thickness of the middle part (81) is 15mm-25mm;
The wall thickness of the edge (82) is 5mm-11mm;
The internal diameter of the pipe fitting is 90mm-95mm.
8. a kind of rear axle case forming method, which is characterized in that
The described in any item pipe fittings of claim 6-7 are heated, and the heating temperature of the middle part (81) is higher than the side
The heating temperature of the heating temperature in portion (82), the edge (82) is more than or equal to eutectoid line temperature;
The pipe fitting after heating is kept the temperature, its austenitizing is made;
The pipe fitting of austenitizing is put into the described in any item rear axle case molding equipments of claim 1-5, the mould
Tool molding, the axial feed mechanism (3) pushes against the pipe fitting both ends, and is blown into high pressure gas, closing when reaching predetermined pressure
Pressure maintaining;
It to the pipe fitting water cooling, and takes out, is cut and polished.
9. rear axle case forming method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
To the heating temperature of the pipe fitting, from the middle part (81) to the edge (82) are to gradually decrease.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201810680746.XA CN108890222A (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting |
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CN201810680746.XA CN108890222A (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting |
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CN201810680746.XA Pending CN108890222A (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Rear axle case molding equipment, method and pipe fitting |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110142332A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-20 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of forming of NiAl alloy epitaxy thin-wall pipe and control property integral method |
CN114669650A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-06-28 | 倍力汽车轻量化科技(潍坊)有限公司 | Expansion forming process for driving axle housing |
CN114713724A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 北京科技大学 | Heating equipment and stamping process of high-strength steel medium-thickness plate blank for automobile axle housing |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110142332A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-20 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of forming of NiAl alloy epitaxy thin-wall pipe and control property integral method |
CN110142332B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-07-07 | 大连理工大学 | Forming and property control integrated method for NiAl alloy thin-wall pipe fitting |
CN114669650A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-06-28 | 倍力汽车轻量化科技(潍坊)有限公司 | Expansion forming process for driving axle housing |
CN114713724A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-08 | 北京科技大学 | Heating equipment and stamping process of high-strength steel medium-thickness plate blank for automobile axle housing |
CN114713724B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-30 | 北京科技大学 | Heating equipment and stamping process of high-strength steel medium-thickness plate blank for automobile axle housing |
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