CN108890110A - A kind of resistance spot welding process improving Q&P steel welded joint quality - Google Patents
A kind of resistance spot welding process improving Q&P steel welded joint quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN108890110A CN108890110A CN201811049088.0A CN201811049088A CN108890110A CN 108890110 A CN108890110 A CN 108890110A CN 201811049088 A CN201811049088 A CN 201811049088A CN 108890110 A CN108890110 A CN 108890110A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/34—Preliminary treatment
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Abstract
The invention belongs to welding fields, and in particular to a kind of resistance spot welding process for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality.Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of resistance spot welding process improving Q&P steel welded joint quality applies pulsatile once electric current I to Q&P steel using dipulse welding procedure1Once welded, thereafter to melted solder joint apply second pulse electric current I2, melt partially solidified nugget again.The resistance spot welding process provided by the invention for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality, solves Q&P steel welded joint poor mechanical property, the serious problem of shrinkage cavity defect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding fields, and in particular to a kind of resistance spot welding process for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality.
Background technique
The problems such as with economic and science and technology rapid development and global energy crisis, environmental pollution, increasingly dashes forward
Out, safety, energy-saving and environmental protection type automobile are increasingly becoming automaker and user's focus of attention.According to statistics, if automobile from
Body weight reduces by 10%, automobile fuel consumption can be made to reduce by 8%, discharge amount reduces by 4%.And tradition is replaced by using advanced high-strength steel
Automobile steel, can be reduced under the premise of guaranteeing vehicle safety vehicle body self weight, achieve energy-saving and emission reduction purposes.Generally recognize
For the development of advanced high-strength steel (Advanced High Strength Steel, AHSS) can be divided into three phases：The first generation
AHSS includes dual phase steel, martensite steel, phase-change induced plastotype steel etc.；Second generation AHSS includes twin crystal inducing plasticity steel, low-density
Steel；Third generation AHSS includes quenching partition steel (Q&P) and medium managese steel.Wherein third generation AHSS is intended to be contained with lower alloying element
Amount is to realize the excellent proportion of superhigh intensity and good plasticity, to produce the high-intensitive vapour that can satisfy car industry requirement
Sweep.Nowadays, Q&P steel gradually realizes industrialized production.
Resistance spot welding is a kind of interconnection technique for being widely used in body of a motor car assembly, and according to statistics, a car is averagely gathered around
There are 3000 solder joints.As more and more advanced high strength steel plates are applied in automobile manufacture, resistance spot welding will also become
One of its most important connection type.However, there is common problems for the weldability of advanced high-strength steel.On the one hand, higher
Alloying element content leads to the increase of carbon equivalent, its weldability is caused to be deteriorated.On the other hand, the thermal cycle in resistance spot welding process
The microstructure that advanced high-strength steel base material can be destroyed, causes the performance of nugget and base material inconsistent, and then stress is caused to be concentrated simultaneously
Promote the germinating and extension of crackle.In addition, advanced high-strength steel has bigger splashing, shrinkage cavity, interface compared to orthodox car steel
The tendency of fracture, welding parameter are also more narrow.Q&P steel is as the advanced high-strength steel of the third generation, poor weldability
An important factor for restricting its industrial application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of resistance spot welding process for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality, solves Q&P steel welded joint power
It is poor to learn performance, the serious problem of shrinkage cavity defect.
Technical scheme is as follows：
It is a kind of improve Q&P steel welded joint quality resistance spot welding process Q&P steel is applied using dipulse welding procedure
Add pulsatile once electric current I1Once welded, thereafter to melted solder joint apply second pulse electric current I2, make partially solidified melt
Core melts again.
Further, the resistance spot welding process of the raising Q&P steel welded joint quality, I1Value be：IF-1≤I1≤
IF, I2Value be：IF-2≤I2≤IF, unit kA；Wherein, IFTo carry out pulse alone trials welding to Q&P steel, its hair is determined
The raw current value to splash.
Further, the resistance spot welding process of the raising Q&P steel welded joint quality, specifically comprises the following steps：
1) industrial frequency AC resistance mash welder or medium frequency inverted resistance welding machine are used, pulse welding examination is carried out to Q&P steel
It tests, determines current value I when its splashingF；
2) precompressed, squeeze time t are carried out to Q&P steel1For 400ms；
3) Q&P steel weld for the first time without splashing, current value I1, weld interval t2For 200ms~300ms；
4) interval time t3For 40ms；
5) to nugget electrified regulation again, electric current IF, weld interval t4For 100ms~500ms；
6) pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to Q&P steel after powering off5For 200ms.
Further, the resistance spot welding process of the raising Q&P steel welded joint quality, electrode pressure is in welding process
It is always steady state value, between 2500N~5000N.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, the present invention is by applying welding current I1Q&P steel can be carried out welding for the first time without splashing, avoid welding and fly
Splash the influence of butt joint mechanical property, related pulsatile once electric current I1Specific view splashing electric current IFIt is adjusted, then passes through
Apply secondary welding electric current I2Remelting is carried out to partially solidified nugget, the shape of nugget center shrinkage cavity defect can be effectively suppressed
At；In addition, related second pulse electric current I2It is adjusted depending on the mechanical property to be promoted, it can by adjusting secondary current value
The size for directly controlling secondary nugget forms different nugget forms, that is, apply lower second pulse electric current formed it is lesser
Secondary nugget (compared to a nugget), and then drawing effect is played, the hardness Ageing and ratio of elongation of connector are promoted, and are applied
Higher second pulse electric current can form biggish secondary nugget (compared to a nugget), can promote the comprehensive strength of nugget,
Especially tensile-sbear strength.
2, the present invention can effectively connect Q&P steel under low current, small electrode pressure condition, to the electrode tip service life
Influence it is small, be suitable for industrial application.Apply second pulse electric current I2When, partially solidified nugget acts as plastic area
Effect, that is, inhibit the splashing in second pulse welding process to be inclined to, extend the welding window of second pulse electric current, Jin Erwei
It extends secondary nugget and possible, nugget extension and strength enhancing significant effect under the conditions of low current is provided.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is welding process flow schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the welding of Q&P steel pulse and dipulse weld lower nugget；Wherein, (a) is pulse welding,
(b) it is welded for dipulse；
Fig. 3 is the metallograph in Q&P steel nugget area；Wherein, (a) is comparative example 2, (b) is embodiment 3, (c) is embodiment
5；
Fig. 4 is the metallograph after the failure of Q&P steel；Wherein, (a) is that comparative example 1 draws cutting mouth, (b) is just drawn for comparative example 1
Fracture (c) draws for embodiment 2 and cuts mouth, is (d) 2 traction fracture mouth of embodiment, (e) draws for embodiment 3 and cut mouth, is (f) implementation
3 traction fracture mouth of example (g) draws for embodiment 5 and cuts mouth, (h) is 5 traction fracture mouth of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep technological parameter and advantage of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing, comparative example and embodiment, to this
Invention is described in more detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Test steel is 980MPa grades of Q&P steel, with a thickness of 1.8mm.
Comparative example 1
Electrode pressure 2625N, splashing electric current 8kA；
Precompressed, squeeze time t are carried out to Q&P steel1：400ms；
Welding current I is applied to Q&P steel1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA), selects 7kA here, when welding
Between t2For 240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is traditional single pulse welding procedure, and low current, small electrode pressure condition, being formed by nugget size is about
6.16mm, tensile-sbear strength are 26.79kN (interfacial fracture mode), and hardness Ageing is 4.9kN (button fracture mode), and ratio of elongation is
0.18。
Comparative example 2
Electrode pressure 4700N, splashing electric current 10kA；
Precompressed, squeeze time t are carried out to Q&P steel1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 9.5kA, weld interval t here2
For 240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is traditional single pulse welding procedure, and high current, large electrode pressure condition, being formed by nugget size is about
7.51mm, tensile-sbear strength are 31.28kN (interfacial fracture mode), and hardness Ageing is 5.54kN (button fracture mode), ratio of elongation
It is 0.18.
Comparative example 3
Electrode pressure 4500N, splashing electric current 10kA；
Precompressed, squeeze time t are carried out to Q&P steel1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 9kA, weld interval t here2For
240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is traditional single pulse welding procedure, and high current, large electrode pressure condition, being formed by nugget size is about
7.05mm, tensile-sbear strength are 30.09kN (interfacial fracture mode), and hardness Ageing is 6.15kN (button fracture mode), ratio of elongation
It is 0.20.
Embodiment 1
Electrode pressure 2625N, splashing electric current 8kA；
Precompressed, squeeze time t are carried out to Q&P steel1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 7kA, weld interval t here2For
240ms；
Apply welding current I2, electric current IF：IF-2≤I2<IF(unit kA) selects 6kA, weld interval t here2For
240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is low current, small electrode pressure condition, is formed by less than one time nugget of secondary nugget, plays tempering and makees
With.The dipulse welding point nugget size is about 6.28mm, and tensile-sbear strength is 26.69kN (interfacial fracture mode), positive to draw by force
Degree is 6.44kN (button fracture mode), ratio of elongation 0.24.(comparative example 1), nugget compared with traditional single pulse welding point
Diameter and tensile-sbear strength are suitable, and hardness Ageing promotes about 31%, and ratio of elongation promotes 0.6.
Embodiment 2
Electrode pressure 2625N, splashing electric current 8kA；
Squeeze time t1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 7kA, weld interval t here2For
240ms；
Apply welding current I2, current value IF：IF-2≤I2<IF(unit kA) selects 7.5kA, weld interval t here4
For 240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is low current, small electrode pressure condition, is formed by secondary nugget greater than a nugget.Dipulse welding
Connector nugget size is about 7.22mm, and tensile-sbear strength is 31.59kN (button fracture mode), and hardness Ageing is 5.92kN (button
Fracture mode), ratio of elongation 0.19.Compared with traditional single pulse welding point (comparative example 1), nugget size increase about 17%,
Tensile-sbear strength promotes about 18%, and hardness Ageing promotes about 21%, and ratio of elongation promotes 0.1.
Embodiment 3
Electrode pressure 4700N, splashing electric current 10kA；
Squeeze time t1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 9.5kA, weld interval t here2
For 240ms；
Apply welding current I2, current value IF：IF-2≤I2<IF(unit kA) selects 8.5kA, weld interval t here4
For 100ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is high current, large electrode pressure condition, is formed by less than one time nugget of secondary nugget, plays tempering and makees
With.The dipulse welding point nugget size is about 7.52mm, and tensile-sbear strength is 32.55kN (interfacial fracture mode), positive to draw by force
Degree is 6.67kN (button fracture mode), ratio of elongation 0.20.(comparative example 2), nugget compared with traditional single pulse welding point
Diameter is suitable, and tensile-sbear strength slightly promotes (about 4%) hardness Ageing and promotes about 20%, and ratio of elongation promotes 0.2.
Embodiment 4
Electrode pressure 4700N, splashing electric current 10kA；
Squeeze time t1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 9.5kA, weld interval t here2
For 240ms；
Apply welding current I2, current value IF：IF-2≤I2<IF(unit kA) selects 8kA, weld interval t here4For
500ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is high current, large electrode pressure condition, is formed by less than one time nugget of secondary nugget, plays tempering and makees
With.The dipulse welding point nugget size is about 7.52mm, and tensile-sbear strength is 32.59kN (button fracture mode), positive to draw by force
Degree is 6.57kN (button fracture mode), ratio of elongation 0.20.(comparative example 2), nugget compared with traditional single pulse welding point
Diameter is suitable, and tensile-sbear strength slightly promotes (about 4%) hardness Ageing and promotes about 20%, and ratio of elongation promotes 0.2.
Embodiment 5
Electrode pressure 4700N, splashing electric current 10kA；
Squeeze time t1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 9.5kA, weld interval t here2
For 240ms；
Apply welding current I2, current value IF：IF-2≤I2<IF(unit kA) selects 10kA, weld interval t here4For
240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is high current, large electrode pressure condition, is formed by secondary nugget greater than a nugget.Dipulse welding
Connector nugget size is about 8.51mm, and tensile-sbear strength is 35.52kN (button fracture mode), and hardness Ageing is 6.76kN (button
Fracture mode), ratio of elongation 0.19.Compared with traditional single pulse welding point (comparative example 2), nugget size increase about 13%,
Tensile-sbear strength promotes about 13%, and hardness Ageing promotes about 22%, and ratio of elongation promotes 0.1.
Embodiment 6
Electrode pressure 4500N, splashing electric current 10kA；
Squeeze time t1：400ms；
Apply welding current I1, current value I1：IF-1≤I1<IF(unit kA) selects 9kA, weld interval t here2For
240ms；
Apply welding current I2, electric current IF：IF-2≤I2<IF(unit kA) selects 9kA, weld interval t here2For
240ms；
Pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to steel plate after power-off5For 200ms；
This example is high current, large electrode pressure condition, is formed by secondary nugget greater than a nugget.Dipulse welding
Connector nugget size is about 7.62mm, and tensile-sbear strength is 31.21kN (button fracture mode), and hardness Ageing is 7.96kN (button
Fracture mode), ratio of elongation 0.25.Compared with traditional single pulse welding point (comparative example 3), nugget size increase about 8% is drawn
Strength enhancing about 4% is cut, hardness Ageing promotes about 29%, and ratio of elongation promotes 0.5.
The mechanical property result of embodiment and comparative example statistics, is shown in Table one.
One experimental result summary sheet of table
Welding procedure of the present invention has effectively been contained molten by applying nugget of second pulse electric current remelting
The formation of core center shrinkage cavity defect, the stress alleviated in nugget load bearing process are concentrated.As can be seen from Table I, pass through application
Biggish secondary welding electric current can form larger-sized nugget, increase the loaded area of nugget, and then be obviously improved molten
The comprehensive mechanical property of core, especially tensile-sbear strength, such as comparative example 1 and embodiment 2, comparative example 2 and embodiment 5, comparative example 3 with
The failure mode of embodiment 6, tensile shear testing is also improved, and illustrated embodiment is changed into button by interfacial fracture and is broken.
And lesser secondary welding electric current can play the role of tempering to nugget interior tissue, although nugget size does not increase further
Add, but can effectively promote hardness Ageing, positive draw absorbs energy and ratio of elongation, such as comparative example 1 and embodiment 1, comparative example 2 and embodiment
3 and 4.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of resistance spot welding process for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality, which is characterized in that dipulse welding procedure is used,
Pulsatile once electric current I is applied to Q&P steel1Once welded, thereafter to melted solder joint apply second pulse electric current I2, make portion
Solid nugget is segregated to melt again.
2. the resistance spot welding process according to claim 1 for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality, which is characterized in that I1Value
For：IF-1≤I1≤IF, I2Value be：IF-2≤I2≤IF, unit kA；Wherein, IFTo carry out pulse alone trials to Q&P steel
Welding, determines its current value to splash.
3. the resistance spot welding process according to claim 2 for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality, which is characterized in that specific
Include the following steps：
1) industrial frequency AC resistance mash welder or medium frequency inverted resistance welding machine are used, pulse soldering test is carried out to Q&P steel, really
Current value I when its fixed splashingF；
2) precompressed, squeeze time t are carried out to Q&P steel1For 400ms；
3) Q&P steel weld for the first time without splashing, current value I1, weld interval t2For 200ms~300ms；
4) interval time t3For 40ms；
5) to nugget electrified regulation again, electric current IF, weld interval t4For 100ms~500ms；
6) pressure maintaining, dwell time t are carried out to Q&P steel after powering off5For 200ms.
4. the resistance spot welding process according to claim 3 for improving Q&P steel welded joint quality, which is characterized in that electrode
Pressure is always steady state value in welding process, between 2500N~5000N.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113441826A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-28 | 上海交通大学 | Spot welding process for inhibiting liquid metal brittle cracks of galvanized high-strength steel resistance spot welding joint |
| CN114555272A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2022-05-27 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Resistance spot welding method for aluminum material, resistance spot welding control device for aluminum material, and resistance spot welding machine |
| CN115106633A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-27 | 河钢股份有限公司 | Resistance spot welding method for hot-dip galvanized hot-formed steel |
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