CN108880594B - Radio frequency transceiver of no off-chip crystal oscillator - Google Patents
Radio frequency transceiver of no off-chip crystal oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108880594B CN108880594B CN201810557109.3A CN201810557109A CN108880594B CN 108880594 B CN108880594 B CN 108880594B CN 201810557109 A CN201810557109 A CN 201810557109A CN 108880594 B CN108880594 B CN 108880594B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/12—Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/403—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
- Transceivers (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a radio frequency transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator, which relates to the field of radio frequency transceivers and comprises an off-chip receiving antenna, an off-chip transmitting antenna, a receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit, a transmitting TX power amplifier circuit, a receiving filter, a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, a demodulator, a modulator, a digital baseband module, a power management module and an RC oscillation generator, wherein the RC oscillation generator generates a clock signal and provides a reference frequency signal. The invention discloses an on-chip crystal oscillator circuit with adjustable capacitance frequency compensation and resistance network temperature compensation, and a radio frequency transceiver structure without an off-chip crystal oscillator is formed. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, cost saving and avoidance of the use of I/O PIN PINs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radio frequency transceivers, in particular to a radio frequency transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator.
Background
In a conventional radio frequency transceiver structure, the transceiver mainly includes a radio frequency transceiver front end, a power management module, a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) module, an off-chip transceiver antenna, and an off-chip crystal oscillator. Among these modules, the off-chip frequency reference crystal oscillator is the most difficult to integrate in a chip, thereby hindering miniaturization and cost reduction of the rf transceiver chip.
The advantages of this structure are: 1. the frequency stability is high, and the temperature drift is small; 2. the phase noise is low;
its main disadvantages are: 1. the cost of circuit design is increased; 2. occupying the chip package pins.
Therefore, those skilled in the art have been devoted to developing an rf transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator, mainly to solve two problems:
1. a common frequency reference crystal oscillator generally employs a quartz crystal oscillator, which provides good stability and PVT characteristics. However, its volume is not reduced with the process or frequency, and is not compatible with the conventional process chip process and package.
2. The chip-on-chip crystal oscillator needs to occupy limited packaged PIN PINs, the number of other I/O PIN PINs is reduced, the cost is increased, the use of the chip-on-chip crystal oscillator needs to be avoided in order to solve the problem, the circuit cost can be reduced by the radio frequency transceiver of the chip-on-chip crystal oscillator, and the chip has more I/O PIN PINs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to avoid the problems of cost and package pin occupation caused by an off-chip crystal oscillator, and to avoid the problem of large temperature drift of an on-chip RC oscillator.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an off-chip crystal oscillator-free radio frequency transceiver, which includes an off-chip receiving antenna, an off-chip transmitting antenna, a receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit, a transmitting TX power amplifier circuit, a receiving filter, a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, a demodulator, a modulator, a digital baseband module, a power management module, and an RC oscillation generator, wherein a receiving signal of the off-chip receiving antenna is accessed to the receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit and then accessed to the demodulator through the receiving filter, a signal output by the demodulator is output to the modulator through the digital baseband module, a signal output by the modulator is accessed to the transmitting digital-to-analog converter and then is transmitted to the off-chip transmitting antenna through the transmitting TX power amplifier circuit, and the RC oscillation generator generates a clock signal and provides a reference frequency signal.
Further, the RC oscillation generator includes an RC network, a single-ended inverse hysteresis comparator and an output module, wherein an output terminal of the RC network is connected to an input terminal of the single-ended inverse hysteresis comparator, an output terminal of the single-ended inverse hysteresis comparator is connected to the output module, and an output terminal of the single-ended inverse hysteresis comparator is simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the RC network.
Further, the RC network includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C, one end of the resistor R1 is the input end of the RC network, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the capacitor C and the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C is connected to the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded.
Further, the capacitance C2 is adjustable.
Further, the temperature coefficients of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are different.
Further, the single-ended inverting hysteresis comparator includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, an inverter 1, an inverter 2, and an inverter 3, wherein one end of the resistor R3 is an input end of the single-ended hysteresis comparator, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the input end of the inverter 1, the output end of the inverter 1 is connected to the input end of the inverter 2, the output end of the inverter 2 is connected to the inverter 3, one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the inverter 2, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the input end of the inverter 1.
Further, the output module comprises two inverters connected in series.
Further, the RC oscillation generator is on-chip.
Further, the RC oscillation generator has a power supply voltage detection circuit.
Further, the RC oscillation generator has a temperature compensation circuit.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, an on-chip crystal oscillator circuit with adjustable capacitance frequency compensation and resistance network temperature compensation is designed, and a radio frequency transceiver structure without an off-chip crystal oscillator is formed. The structure is simple, the cost is saved, and the use of I/O PIN is avoided.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relaxation oscillator structure using the on-chip RC network ensures the stability of the frequency of the oscillator in a certain temperature range through the RC network of the adjustable capacitor and the R1 and R2 networks with temperature compensation, and provides sufficient frequency accuracy to meet the frequency reference requirement of the rf transceiver.
The process variation effects of the different chips of the RC oscillator generator are the accuracy alignment done during the chip calibration phase. Temperature correction is achieved by means of a temperature compensation circuit. The influence of different supply voltages is realized by compensating the supply voltage detection circuit.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radio frequency transceiver system of a conventional off-chip crystal oscillator;
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of an RF transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an RC oscillator of an RF transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an RC network oscillator generator with hysteresis comparator structure for an rf transceiver without an off-chip oscillator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
As shown in fig. 1, it is a structure diagram of a radio frequency transceiver system of a conventional off-chip crystal oscillator, and mainly includes a radio frequency transceiver front end, a power management module, a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) module, an off-chip transceiver antenna, and an off-chip crystal oscillator. The working process of the structure is as follows: the chip-off integrated crystal oscillator is connected to an oscillation generator module in the chip, and the oscillation generator module generates an excitation signal to enable the chip-off crystal oscillator to generate frequency oscillation, so that a clock signal is generated for a voltage-controlled oscillator or a data processing module in the whole transceiving system, and a reference frequency signal is provided for a specific system. Among these modules, the off-chip frequency reference crystal oscillator is the most difficult to integrate in a chip, thereby hindering miniaturization and cost reduction of the rf transceiver chip.
As shown in fig. 2, the system diagram of a radio frequency transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator according to the present invention is mainly implemented by making an off-chip crystal oscillator into a chip through a relaxation oscillator of an RC network, so as to form a radio frequency transceiver structure without an off-chip crystal oscillator, which includes a receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit, a transmitting TX power amplifier circuit, a receiving filter, a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, a demodulator, a modulator, a digital baseband module, a power management module, and an RC oscillation generator. The receiving antenna RX _ ANT receives signals, accesses the receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit, then accesses the demodulator through the receiving filter, the signals output by the demodulator are output to the modulator after passing through the digital baseband module, and the signals output by the modulator are transmitted to the transmitting antenna TX _ ANT through the transmitting TX power amplifier circuit after accessing the transmitting digital-to-analog converter. Wherein the RC oscillation generator generates a clock signal and provides a reference frequency signal.
As shown in fig. 3, it is an internal structure diagram of a relaxation oscillator of RC network, and the main structure of the relaxation oscillator generator formed by the RC network with temperature compensation is as follows: the adjustable RC network and the adjustable capacitor can adjust the frequency of the oscillator by one-time process calibration, the stability of the frequency is ensured, and the adjustable capacitor with an appropriate value is adopted to avoid large load influence on the capacitor C.
As shown in fig. 4, is a schematic diagram of an RC network relaxation oscillator with hysteresis comparator structure, having a switching threshold voltage VHAnd VLThe inverting hysteresis comparator of (a) can define the charge and discharge levels of the RC network. The single-ended hysteresis comparator is formed by stacking two inverters, and a feedback resistance high-gain amplifier with a hysteresis level is formed in a resistance feedback structure of R3 and R4. While the stacked inverters can reduce leakage current in the sleep state.
The RC network forming transfer function is:
compared with the traditional relaxation oscillator, due to the addition of R2, a zero point (-1/R) is added2C) R1 and R2 use resistors with different temperature coefficients to provide a temperature compensation. As a kind of rail-to-rail hysteresis comparator trigger output, the output signal of the RC network triggers the step response of the hysteresis comparator, and this step response is divided into two stages: a transient step phase and an exponential decay phase, which are different from the single RC step response that occurs in conventional relaxation oscillators. The initial step phase of the output response is: when the step signal reaches the capacitor C at T ═ 0, the voltage across the capacitor C cannot change instantaneously, so the voltages of the upper and lower plates rise together, then the initial value theorem of laplace transform is applied to the transfer function, and if the input step signal has normalized unit amplitude, the initial step amplitude can be further calculated as: r2/(R1+R2) Since the temperature coefficients of the two resistors R1 and R2 are different, the amplitude of the initial step increases with the temperature. However, the time constant of the exponential section also increases with temperature, counteracts the effect of the initial step and produces a constant time T, triggering the switching threshold VHTherefore, the whole period is kept unchanged, and the stability of the frequency is ensured. The resistors with the same temperature coefficient but different sizes are selected from different temperature coefficients to form an RC network, so that the step response step end and the exponential decay mutually counteract and reduce the influence of the temperature on the frequency of the relaxation oscillator.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A radio frequency transceiver without an off-chip crystal oscillator is characterized by comprising an off-chip receiving antenna, an off-chip transmitting antenna, a receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit, a transmitting TX power amplifier circuit, a receiving filter, a transmitting digital-to-analog converter, a demodulator, a modulator and a digital baseband moduleThe receiving signal of the off-chip receiving antenna is accessed to the receiving RX low-noise amplifier circuit and then is accessed to the demodulator through the receiving filter, the signal output by the demodulator is output to the modulator after passing through the digital baseband module, and the signal output by the modulator is accessed to the transmitting digital-to-analog converter and then is transmitted to the off-chip transmitting antenna through the transmitting TX power amplifier circuit; the RC oscillation generator is in a chip and comprises an RC network, a single-ended inverse-phase hysteresis comparator and an output module, wherein the output end of the RC network is connected with the input end of the single-ended inverse-phase hysteresis comparator, the output end of the single-ended inverse-phase hysteresis comparator is connected to the output module, and the output end of the single-ended inverse-phase hysteresis comparator is simultaneously connected to the input end of the RC network; the RC network comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C, one end of the resistor R1 is an input end of the RC network, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the capacitor C and the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded, and the RC network forms a transmission function as follows:
s in the formula represents an s domain, s ═ j ω ═ j × 2 pi f, and f represents frequency; wherein the capacitance C2 is adjustable; the temperature coefficients of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are different; the RC oscillation generator is provided with a temperature compensation circuit; the single-ended inverting hysteresis comparator comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4, an inverter 1, an inverter 2 and an inverter 3, wherein one end of the resistor R3 is an input end of the single-ended inverting hysteresis comparator, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the input end of the inverter 1, the output end of the inverter 1 is connected to the input end of the inverter 2, the output end of the inverter 2 is connected to the inverter 3, one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the inverter 2, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the input end of the inverter 1; the output module comprises two inverters connected in series.
2. The off-chip crystal-less radio frequency transceiver of claim 1, the RC oscillator generator having a supply voltage detection circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810557109.3A CN108880594B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Radio frequency transceiver of no off-chip crystal oscillator |
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| CN201810557109.3A CN108880594B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | Radio frequency transceiver of no off-chip crystal oscillator |
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| CN108880594B true CN108880594B (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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| CN109714024A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-03 | 湘潭芯力特电子科技有限公司 | A kind of CMOS relaxation oscillator circuit of temperature-compensating |
| CN110289812A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Method, apparatus, electronic equipment and the storage medium of crystal oscillator frequency compensation |
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| TW589805B (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-06-01 | Elan Microelectronics Corp | RF transmitter system of single quartz crystal oscillator |
| US7378853B2 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2008-05-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for detecting cable faults for high-speed transmission link |
| US8040813B2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2011-10-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus and method for reduced loading of signal transmission elements |
| CN101183898B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2011-05-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | System, method and device for implementing synchronization of micromicro honeycomb base station |
| CN102361439B (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-02-27 | 中颖电子股份有限公司 | Chip built-in resistance-capacitance (RC) oscillator |
| CN103873048B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2017-02-01 | 无锡中科微电子工业技术研究院有限责任公司 | On-chip RC oscillator with frequency self correction function and frequency self correction method |
| CN107222186B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2019-09-24 | 西北工业大学 | RC relaxor without comparator |
| CN107040210B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2023-07-25 | 广东工业大学 | RC oscillator and DC-DC power chip |
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