CN108880460A

CN108880460A - Buck-boost type electric pressure converter and voltage modulated method for photovoltaic module

Info

Publication number: CN108880460A
Application number: CN201710344713.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永
Original assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-05-16
Filing date: 2017-05-16
Publication date: 2018-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-16
Also published as: CN108880460B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the buck-boost type electric pressure converter and voltage modulated method for photovoltaic module, each photovoltaic module is each equipped with one and is used to execute the electric pressure converter of maximum power point tracking and exports the voltage after the photovoltaic module implements voltage conversion by electric pressure converter；Wherein：When difference between the output voltage and input voltage of electric pressure converter is more than preset value, electric pressure converter work is in the working condition for being depressured or boosting；When difference between the output voltage and input voltage of electric pressure converter is not higher than preset value, electric pressure converter works in the working condition of buck.In the application containing photovoltaic cell based on it is achievable decompression and boosting under the premise of for photovoltaic module buck-boost type electric pressure converter, can determine according to the actual situation in array photovoltaic module voltage carry out voltage modulated.

Description

Buck-boost type electric pressure converter and voltage modulated method for photovoltaic module

Technical field

Present invention relates generally to field of photovoltaic power generation, specifically, are related in the applied field containing photovoltaic cell In conjunction based on it is achievable decompression and boosting under the premise of for photovoltaic module buck-boost type electric pressure converter, being capable of basis Actual conditions determine to carry out voltage modulated to the photovoltaic module voltage in array.

Background technique

In field of photovoltaic power generation other than inverter one of most important link be exactly voltage conversion, main purpose be by The voltage of battery is converted into desired voltage value from the original value of easy fluctuation, and electric pressure converter is exactly to play DC to DC One of the core circuit of voltage conversion.This is related to that the voltage of battery is boosted or is depressured, according to actual demand Voltage is converted to be lifted or cut down the original light of battery, obtained direct current then it is expected into voltage inversion grid connection again.Photovoltaic hair Attention of the electrical domain increasingly by developed country and developing country, because almost each countries and regions all suffer from resource The problem of environment deteriorates increasingly, country especially underdeveloped are eager based on the purpose developed the economy, it is easier to Ignore industrialization and high wasting energy bring Negative environment problem.In current photovoltaic generating system, in order to make power generation be It unites safe and reliable operation, to find various potential threats in time：For example hot spot effect caused by shadow occlusion is exactly one The negative threat of kind, it may allow certain batteries to be converted into load from power supply and cause solar panel to generate heat on fire and burn, real When accurately monitor the running parameters such as voltage, electric current, power and temperature and the generated energy of photovoltaic cell be in photovoltaic generating system very An important link.The running parameter monitoring of photovoltaic cell is more to use power line carrier in actual application As means of communication, it is easy to the parameter of photovoltaic cell being transmitted to photovoltaic cell as communication data by power carrier and provides On the power line of photovoltaic voltage, then from power line carry out carrier signal decoding be fechtable photovoltaic cell real-time parameter, Carrier wave is one of the means that photovoltaic industry realizes that data transmit and receive, and standard wireless communication technology is also suitable.

The main target of the application is that：Due to being many batteries string in series in the application of photovoltaic cell Group, the virtual voltage of string group are supplied to inverter and carry out inversion grid connection, based on realizing that each photovoltaic cell is boosted or drops Under the premise of pressure or both has concurrently, the running parameter of photovoltaic cell is extracted and then analyzed, discovery exists latent in time In the photovoltaic cell of failure to provide foundation to execute corresponding decision.Furthermore it is to according to tandem voltage requirements, choosing It selects boost or depressurization or has the voltage modulated mode of the two concurrently to realize the reasonable choice of cell voltage, synchronize and go back executive module Maximum power point tracking is to maximize the generating efficiency of each photovoltaic cell.

Summary of the invention

In one embodiment, it the present invention discloses a kind of buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module, provides Each string group of tandem voltage is provided with the multiple photovoltaic modulies being serially connected, wherein：Each photovoltaic module configures There is the electric pressure converter for being used to execute maximum power point tracking and the photovoltaic module is exported by electric pressure converter and implements voltage Voltage after conversion；And：When difference between the output voltage and input voltage of electric pressure converter is more than preset value, voltage Converter work is in the working condition for being depressured or boosting；Difference between the output voltage and input voltage of electric pressure converter When not higher than preset value, electric pressure converter works in the working condition of buck.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module, buck-boost type electric pressure converter include：It is coupled to Photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes provide the first and second outputs of output voltage to capture the first and second input terminals of input voltage End；Wherein the first, second switch of decompression converting circuit is connected between the first and second input terminals；The of voltage up converting circuit Three, the 4th switch is connected between the first and second output ends；The first connected interconnecting nodes of both first and second switches with Inductance is provided between the second connected interconnecting nodes of both third and fourth switches.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：First for driving the first, second switch drives Dynamic device includes at least：The first and second output stage units of the first, second driving signal, the first and second driving letters are generated respectively Number it is respectively used to the first and second switch of driving；And for driving the second driver of third, the 4th switch to include at least：Point Not Chan Sheng third, fourth drive signal the third and fourth output stage unit, the third and fourth driving signal is respectively used to drive Third and fourth switch.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：A pair of of efferent duct of first output stage unit is connected Between the first bootstrapping node and the first interconnecting nodes, and first capacitor be connected to the first bootstrapping node and the first interconnecting nodes it Between；A pair of of efferent duct of 4th output stage unit is connected between the second bootstrapping node and the second interconnecting nodes, and the second capacitor It is connected between the second bootstrapping node and the second interconnecting nodes；First input end and/or the first output end pass through diode with list To mode to first and second bootstrapping nodes charging；And second and respective a pair of of the efferent duct series connection of third output stage unit Between first input end and ground reference or it is connected between the first output end and ground reference.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Being greater than output voltage in input voltage leads to them Between difference be more than preset value and when buck-boost type electric pressure converter being forced to work in decompression mode：Processor controls the first He Complementary signal switchs the first and second driving signals that second output stage unit generates each other alternately to connect first and second To drive decompression converting circuit effective；And letter is driven in the third of this stage processor control third output stage unit output Number persistently shutdown third switch；The upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the 4th output stage unit is controlled with processor to connect and down tube section Only, fourth drive signal is maintained to be continuously turned on the 4th switch by the charging voltage of the second capacitor.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Being less than output voltage in input voltage leads to them Between difference be more than preset value and when buck-boost type electric pressure converter being forced to work in boost mode：Processor control third and Complementary signal switchs the third and fourth driving signal that 4th output stage unit generates each other alternately to connect third and fourth To drive voltage up converting circuit effective；Upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct that this stage processor controls the first output stage unit It connects and down tube cut-off, maintains the first driving signal to be continuously turned on first switch by the charging voltage of first capacitor；And processor The second driving signal for controlling the output of the second output stage unit persistently turns off second switch.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Difference between input voltage and output voltage When forcing buck-boost type electric pressure converter to work in the mixed mode of buck not higher than preset value：Processor controls third and the Four output stage units generate the third and fourth driving signal each other complementary signal so as to alternately connect third and fourth switch from And drive voltage up converting circuit effective；First and second that the first and second output stage units generate are controlled in this stage processor Complementary signal switchs to drive decompression converting circuit effective driving signal each other alternately to connect first and second.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Each photovoltaic module is each equipped with for driving The processor of its matched electric pressure converter；And the processor synchronization of each photovoltaic module configuration also monitors the photovoltaic group Its running parameter is transferred to data collection terminal to realize this by the running parameter of part, the processor configured by each photovoltaic module Photovoltaic module is monitored.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Multiple concatenated modes of photovoltaic module are in string group The corresponding a series of voltage converter of each is serially connected：It is unique right with it wherein to be received by any one electric pressure converter Primary voltage that a photovoltaic module answering provides and by the output of any one electric pressure converter and its unique corresponding photovoltaic group Part implements the voltage after voltage conversion；Or it is original by being provided after one group of photovoltaic module parallel connection of same electric pressure converter reception Voltage and by the same electric pressure converter export one group of photovoltaic module it is in parallel after implement the voltage after voltage conversion.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Multiple concatenated modes of photovoltaic module are in string group A series of their corresponding power optimization circuits are serially connected：At least one set of photovoltaic module is received by the same power optimization circuit The power supply of offer, the power optimization circuit have and the consistent multiple electricity of photovoltaic module quantity at least one set of photovoltaic module Pressure converter；Wherein in multiple electric pressure converters corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module：Each electric pressure converter is equal For voltage conversion to be individually performed to a corresponding battery component at least one set of photovoltaic module；And with it is described extremely Few corresponding multiple electric pressure converters of one group of photovoltaic module are arranged to be connected in parallel, and the voltage for exporting each exports jointly In the output capacitance of a power optimization circuit corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：In power optimization circuit at least one set In the corresponding multiple electric pressure converters of photovoltaic module：First, second output end of each electric pressure converter be then respectively coupled to The first end and second end of the output capacitance of the corresponding power optimization circuit of at least one set photovoltaic module.

The above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module：Connected by the multistage power optimization circuit series connection It connects, the second end of the output capacitance of any previous stage power optimization circuit is coupled to the output of neighboring later stage power optimization circuit The first end of capacitor；To which output capacitance their own when the multistage power optimization circuit is connected in series mutually is gone here and there Connection, the total voltage that the multistage power optimization circuit provides are equal to the superposition value of the voltage in their own output capacitance.

In another embodiment disclosed in the present application, disclose a kind of based on the above-mentioned buck-boost type for photovoltaic module The voltage modulated method of electric pressure converter, which is characterized in that first, second of the decompression converting circuit among electric pressure converter opens Pass is connected between its first and second input terminal, the third of the voltage up converting circuit among electric pressure converter, the 4th switch series It is associated between its first and second output end, and connected the first interconnecting nodes and third and fourth of both first and second switches Inductance is provided between the second connected interconnecting nodes of both switches and each buck-boost type electric pressure converter is also configured with One control decompression converting circuit and voltage up converting circuit execute the processor of voltage modulated；

The voltage modulated method includes：The difference between them is caused to be more than default when input voltage is greater than output voltage Value, then processor control buck-boost type electric pressure converter works in decompression mode to execute maximum power point tracking；When input electricity Pressure, which is less than output voltage, causes the difference between them to be more than preset value, then the work of processor control buck-boost type electric pressure converter Maximum power point tracking is executed in boost mode；When the difference between input voltage and output voltage be not higher than preset value, then Processor control buck-boost type electric pressure converter works in the mixed mode of buck to execute maximum power point tracking；

Wherein：Processor is switched using the first, second of the first driver driving decompression converting circuit, and the first driver is included in The first and second output stage units of the first, second driving signal, the first and second drivings are generated under the triggering of processor respectively Signal is respectively used to the first and second switch of driving；And processor utilizes the of the second driver driving voltage up converting circuit Three, the 4th switch, the second driver include generating third, the third of fourth drive signal and the respectively under the triggering of processor Four output stage units, the third and fourth driving signal are respectively used to the third and fourth switch of driving.

Above-mentioned method：A pair of of efferent duct of first output stage unit is connected on the first bootstrapping node and the first interconnecting nodes Between, and first capacitor is connected between the first bootstrapping node and the first interconnecting nodes；A pair of of output of 4th output stage unit Pipe is connected between the second bootstrapping node and the second interconnecting nodes, and the second capacitance connection is in the second bootstrapping node and the second interconnection Between node；Second and respective a pair of of the efferent duct of third output stage unit be connected between first input end and ground reference Either it is connected between the first output end and ground reference；Wherein, by diode in the way of unidirectionally charging from first Input terminal and/or the first output end charge to the first and second bootstrapping nodes.

Above-mentioned method：In the case where electric pressure converter works in decompression mode, the voltage modulated method further includes：Processing Device controls the first and second output stage units and exports the first and second driving signals of complementary signal each other in each decompression The first and second switches are alternately connected in switch periods；And the third of processor control third output stage unit output drives letter Number persistently shutdown third switch；Processor controls the upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the 4th output stage unit and connects and down tube section Only, the current potential of fourth drive signal is clamped down on into the charging voltage in the second capacitor and is thereby continuously turned on the 4th by fourth drive signal Switch.

Above-mentioned method：In the case where electric pressure converter works in boost mode, the voltage modulated method further includes：Processing Device controls the third and fourth output stage unit and exports the third and fourth driving signal of complementary signal each other in each boosting The third and fourth switch is alternately connected in switch periods；And processor controls the second driving letter of the second output stage unit output Number persistently turn off second switch；Processor controls the upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the first output stage unit and connects and down tube section Only, the current potential of the first driving signal is clamped down on into the charging voltage in first capacitor and is thereby continuously turned on first by the first driving signal Switch.

Above-mentioned method：The voltage modulated method further includes under the mode that electric pressure converter works in buck： Processor controls the third and fourth output stage unit and exports the third and fourth driving signal of complementary signal each other to each The third and fourth switch is alternately connected in the boosted switch period；And processor controls the output of the first and second output stage units The first and second driving signals of complementary signal are opened each other to alternately connect first and second within each step-down switching period It closes.

The application, which extracts the running parameter of photovoltaic cell, is then delivered to the data collection terminal for being integrated with decoder, energy There are the photovoltaic cells of incipient fault for enough timely and effectively discoveries to provide foundation to execute corresponding decision.Moreover, can According to the demand of expected tandem voltage, electric pressure converter is selected（It also is optimizer）It is boost or depressurization or the electricity for having the two concurrently Pressure modulation system realizes the reasonable conversion of cell voltage, the synchronous maximum power point tracking for also executing photovoltaic module so as to Realize the output power for maximizing each photovoltaic cell.The driver of each switch devises and has in driving voltage converter The output-stage circuit of stronger driving capability avoids maloperation caused by the weak driving capability of legacy drive.

Detailed description of the invention

Read it is described further below and referring to the following drawings after, feature and advantage of the invention will be evident：

Fig. 1 is the example schematic that multiple photovoltaic modulies are connected in series with each other in the same battery pack string.

Fig. 2 be by one group of photovoltaic cell parallel connection provide primary voltage to one group of voltage conversion circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is to provide the schematic diagram of voltage to an identical power optimization circuit by one group of photovoltaic cell parallel connection.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that their own output capacitance is serially connected when multiple power levels optimization circuit series connection connects.

Fig. 5 is the example schematic that the first driver and the second driver respectively drive the decompression and booster circuit.

Fig. 6 is the example schematic of the simple decompression converting circuit work in the voltage conversion circuit of buck-boost type.

Fig. 7 is the example schematic of the simple voltage up converting circuit work in the voltage conversion circuit of buck-boost type.

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram worked at the same time with decompression converting circuit that boosts in the voltage conversion circuit of buck.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with each embodiment, clear and complete elaboration is carried out to the solution of the present invention, described embodiment is only It is the present invention with the embodiment used in illustrating is described herein and not all embodiment, based on the embodiments such as this, the technology of this field Scheme obtained belongs to protection scope of the present invention to personnel without making creative work.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell PV are one of the core component to generate electricity, solar panel It is divided into single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc., large-scale collection in the direction of mainstream technology The substantial amounts for the battery component that Chinese style photovoltaic plant uses, the battery component that small-sized distributed residents small hydropower station uses Quantity it is relatively fewer.Since silion cell is generally up in the service life that this field requires more than 20 years service life, so right The chronicity and durability monitoring of solar panel are essential.Many inside and outside factors can all lead to the hair of photovoltaic module Electrical efficiency reduces, such as the manufacturing variation or installation difference or shadow occlusion or maximum power tracing adaptation between photovoltaic module itself Etc. factors can all cause inefficiency.By taking typical shadow occlusion as an example, such as fruit part photovoltaic module by cloud or building or After the similar situations such as the shadow of the trees or dirt are blocked, this members will be become to load and no longer produce electricl energy, photovoltaic group by power supply Part may be higher in the serious local local temperature of generation hot spot effect, and some is even more than 150 DEG C, leads to component regional area The permanent damages such as blackening, solder joint thawing, encapsulating material aging, glass rupture, corrosion are burnt or are formed, to the length of photovoltaic module Phase safety and reliability causes hidden danger greatly.Photovoltaic plant/system urgent problem to be solved is exactly：It can see in real time Examine the working condition of each piece of mounted photovoltaic battery panel, can excess temperature to battery, over-voltage, overcurrent and output end be shorted etc. Abnormal conditions carry out early warning, and it is ten that this, which takes similar to active safety shutdown or other emergency measures the battery being abnormal, Divide significant.Either centralized photovoltaic plant or distributed small hydropower station, based on the work for photovoltaic module acquisition There are the component of potential problems is very necessary for judging and identifying those for supplemental characteristic.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell need first to be connected into battery strings group, and battery strings group is again simultaneously Join to power equipment such as header box or inverter power supply, be related to the installation of component or battery, this needs absolute safety.Such as Excess temperature or the similar abnormal conditions such as over-voltage or overcurrent occur for fruit photovoltaic module, undoubtedly we need actively to go triggering shutdown these The movement of abnormal photovoltaic module, our needs when abnormal photovoltaic module exits abnormality and is restored to normal condition These photovoltaic modulies are accessed again, this also needs absolute safety.And some occasions need detection components generated energy or It is monitoring output power situation that person, which says, this is the foundation of determination component quality, for example, if the lower power production of component is apparent It is then likely to be also that power generation anomalous event has occurred, be blocked by birds droppings, dust, building, the shadow of the trees, cloud etc., this needs us It removes cleaning battery or changes the measures such as installation position.It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that single crystal silicon solar cell, the polysilicon sun Battery, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc. are all the materials for belonging to characteristic and being easy to happen decaying, and the attenuation degree of monitor component is must It wants, this is of crucial importance for the quality for judging battery.Problem is：We in huge assembly array it is not apparent how screen It is normal component that those components, which are abnormal component those components, and ensuing disclosure can solve the problems, such as this.Many times we are installing Stage will directly judge the bad battery or component of those quality, and never allow to there are problems that quality flaw battery simultaneously It assembles/is installed in photovoltaic battery array, otherwise enter photovoltaic battery array containing defective in quality battery and result in entirely Array generator inefficiency, worse is that the abnormal voltage value of a certain piece or a few pieces problem battery or current value may cause Entire battery strings group is all damaged together, causes biggish loss.

Referring to Fig. 1, in order to realize these scheduled targets, the subsequent power for being integrated with communication function being related to of the application is excellent Change circuit/device, all running parameters of photovoltaic cell all can be reflected that onto power line, it is photovoltaic plant with power carrier Fault alarm is executed to battery, fault fast positioning etc. provides suitable solution, suitable for the grid-connected of different scales or The photovoltaic generating system of off-network type.Especially it can find that many batteries are abnormal in the erection stage of battery, to avoid problem electric Pond is simultaneously installed in photovoltaic battery array, improves one of the measure that cell safety grade is the application in erection stage.Carrier wave Sending module CSG and processor 200 are used cooperatively, and processor 200 is using the acquisition module not illustrated in figure by photovoltaic cell The a series of assigned work parameter such as voltage, electric current, power, temperature and the generated energy of PV is acquired, and pays attention to acquiring these works The acquisition module for making parameter belongs to the prior art, and any existing scheme for acquiring battery these running parameters is suitable for this Shen Please, the application does not individually illustrate the acquisition modules such as existing current or voltage and temperature individually.In the embodiment in figure 1, The first input end of voltage order one conversion circuit BS1 is connected to the anode of photovoltaic cell PV1 with first order voltage conversion circuit BS1's Second input terminal is connected to the cathode of photovoltaic cell PV1, first node/first output end N1 of the voltage conversion circuit BS1 at oneself Burning voltage namely first order voltage conversion circuit BS1 are exported between second node/second output terminal N2 in first input end And second capture the photovoltaic voltage that photovoltaic cell PV1 is generated by photovoltaic effect between input terminal.In the optional of the application introduction Embodiment in, the branch of carrier wave sending module CSG is connected directly between first node N1 and second node N2, but is not being had Have in the embodiment illustrated, if other kinds of carrier wave sending module uses the carrier wave with coupling transformer to send electricity Road, then other kinds of carrier wave sending module is then not necessarily to be connected between first node N1 and second node N2, as long as at this time will The secondary windings for the coupling transformer that other kinds of carrier wave sending module has is connected to series connection wire LAN and voltage conversion electricity Between the first output end of road BS1, or be connected to series connection wire LAN and voltage conversion circuit BS1 second output terminal it Between, then carrier wave can be equally transported to from the armature winding incoming carrier pulse of coupling transformer by processor 200 At one node N1 or second node N2.Optional embodiment is exactly directly to connect carrier wave sending module CSG according to the scheme of Fig. 1 It connects between first node N1 and second node N2 to directly by carrier signal while be infused in first node N1 and the second section At point N2.It is based on station from the perspective of sending carrier signal, if examined from the angle for receiving carrier signal above Consider, then in Fig. 1 those be connected on the connecting line LAN of first node N1 and/or second node N2 can use it is current any The carrier wave decoder module for belonging to known technology can be realized as decoding/decoding to carrier signal.Match with photovoltaic cell PV1 The processor 200 of set is by the data of photovoltaic cell PV1（Such as the various running parameter data of battery）By various any type of After carrier wave sending module is transferred on connecting line LAN, other electronic equipments can be in connecting line using decoder DECODER LAN is upper to decode carrier wave.As the side for sensing and decoding carrier signal, usual decoder DECODER has sensor module With bandpass filter module and with the processing unit etc. for being similar to MCU/DSP etc., power line passes through sensor module（As used Roche air core coil sensor etc.）The carrier signal on transmission line LAN is detected, by sensor module thereby in order to accurately catch Obtain true carrier data and shielding noise, bandpass filter module again to the carrier signal that sensor module senses carry out into It filters to one step, filters out the clutter not in designated frequency range, on the contrary the only carrier wave those of in designated frequency range Signal Carrier Signal can just indicate expected true carrier signal, and processing unit receives true carrier signal and decoding Its carrier data.The effect of carrier wave sending module CSG is to propagate power carrier signal on connecting line LAN, and carrier signal can To be converted into the interaction that binary element carries out data information, decoder or data according to currently assigned various communication protocols The power carrier that collection terminal detects on connecting line LAN executes decoding again, can learn transmitted by carrier wave sending module CSG in electricity Data entrained by carrier signal in the line of force or the meaning of instruction.Notice that processor 200 is by data broadcasting/biography in this application Carrier format used by sending out is only one of example, the optinal plan of industry be also an option that wireless module WIFI or GPS or-infrared-bluetooth（Blue-tooth）Etc. wireless forms of communication be also able to achieve identical function.Acquire the number of battery data Decoder DECODER is integrated with according to collection terminal.

Referring to Fig. 1, in practical applications, the photovoltaic cell or photovoltaic module PV of many quantity are connected in series to form one A battery pack string, it is assumed that N grades of photovoltaic cell PV1, PV2 ... PVN series connection, the N usually take the natural number greater than 1 in total, electricity The tandem voltage of pond group string is equal to：The voltage V of first order photovoltaic cell PV1 output₁In addition second level photovoltaic cell PV2 output Voltage V₂Along with the voltage ... of third level photovoltaic cell PV3 output is until be added to the electricity of N grades of photovoltaic cell PVN output Press V_N, it is equal to V₁+ V₂+……V_N.The tandem voltage of battery pack string is just sent to the power equipments such as header box or inverter ESY. N grades of photovoltaic cell PV1, PV2 ... PVN series connection in total, generated energy tails off some of them photovoltaic module without reason or voltage is lower Or component own temperature fly up it is excessively high, etc., belong to battery caused by power generation anomalous event, especially shadow occlusion heat Spot effect is exactly a kind of negative threat, it may allow certain batteries from power supply be converted into loading and cause solar panel generate heat to It is on fire to burn.So we need according to the respective running parameter of these photovoltaic cells PV1, PV2 ... PVN in battery pack string （Preset data）External performance, to can at least judge whether each photovoltaic module generates electricity different in battery pack string Ordinary affair part.

Referring to Fig. 1, each battery strings group has concatenated photovoltaic cell PV1, PV2 ... PVN.In the optional of the application In embodiment, every piece of photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell PV are respectively each equipped with the voltage turn for executing boost or depressurization or buck Circuit BS is changed, the photovoltaic voltage as first photovoltaic module PV1 in a battery strings group is generated is electric by first voltage conversion Road BS1 carries out the conversion of DC/DC voltage to execute voltage up-down, and the photovoltaic voltage that second photovoltaic module PV2 is generated is by second Voltage conversion circuit BS2 carries out voltage conversion ... ... until the photovoltaic voltage of N grades of photovoltaic module PVN generation is by N grades of electricity Voltage conversion circuit BSN carries out voltage conversion to execute voltage up-down function.Voltage corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell PV turns in fact The voltage for changing circuit BS output can just characterize photovoltaic cell PV and provide the virtual voltage in photovoltaic cell string group.It is assumed that appointing The battery strings group that a string of meaning is serially connected with the photovoltaic group of first order photovoltaic module PV1, photovoltaic module PV2 ... to N grades of the second level Part PVN, first order voltage conversion circuit BS1 are used to the photovoltaic electric potential source of first order photovoltaic cell PV1 executing voltage up-down function Can and carry out voltage conversion and export V₁... to N step voltage conversion circuit BSN by the photovoltaic electric of N grades of photovoltaic cell PVN Pressure executes voltage up-down function and carries out voltage conversion and export V_N, can learn and provide total string in any a string of battery strings group Step voltage is equal to：The voltage V of first order voltage conversion circuit BS1 output₁In addition the electricity of second level voltage conversion circuit BS2 output Press V₂Again plus the third level voltage conversion circuit BS3 output voltage V₃... it is exported to the voltage conversion circuit BSN for being added to N grades Voltage V_N, the operation result of tandem voltage is equal to V₁+ V₂+……V_N.Voltage conversion circuit BS or electric pressure converter sheet It is the DC-DC converter of DC to DC in matter.Processor 200 described above is in addition to the data of acquisition component, also output PWM Signal is for driving DC/DC converter.Fig. 1 first order voltage conversion circuit BS1, second level voltage conversion circuit BS2 are until N Voltage conversion circuit BSN of grade etc. is connected in series by concatenation line LAN, by voltage conversion circuit on transmission concatenation line LAN The tandem voltage that the voltage that BS1-BSN is respectively exported is superimposed is fed to similar to electric power such as header box or inverters Equipment ESY carries out confluence another mistake change etc..

Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic module array is the basis that photovoltaic generating system is converted from luminous energy to electric energy, is shown in Fig. 1 Basic multiple battery pack string String are installed, and each battery pack string String is by multiple series connection in photovoltaic module array Photovoltaic module PV1, PV2 ... photovoltaic module PVN of connection, which is concatenated, to be constituted, in this application every piece of photovoltaic module or photovoltaic electric Pond PV is each equipped with the optimization circuit for executing maximum power tracing MPPT, the photovoltaic voltage that such as first photovoltaic module PV_1 is generated Voltage conversion is carried out to execute power optimization, the photovoltaic that second photovoltaic module PV2 is generated by first voltage conversion circuit BS1 Voltage carries out voltage conversion by second voltage conversion circuit BS2, and so on, the voltage that N grades of photovoltaic module PVN is generated It converts to carry out voltage by N grades of voltage conversion circuit BSN to execute power optimization.In fact with every piece PV pairs of photovoltaic cell The voltage for the voltage conversion circuit BS output answered can just characterize photovoltaic cell PV and provide photovoltaic cell group string String's Virtual voltage, it is assumed that any a string of photovoltaic cell group string String is serially connected with first order photovoltaic module PV1, second level photovoltaic group Part PV1 ... until N grade of photovoltaic module PVN, first order voltage conversion circuit BS1 for by first order photovoltaic cell PV1 Photovoltaic electric potential source execute maximum power tracing and carry out voltage conversion and export V₁, and so on, until N step voltage is converted Circuit BSN is used for the photovoltaic electric potential source of N grade of photovoltaic cell PVN execution maximum power tracing and carries out voltage conversion and defeated V out_N, total tandem voltage is on any one optical crosstalk volt battery pack string String：The electricity of first order voltage conversion circuit BS1 output Press V₁In addition the voltage V of second level voltage conversion circuit BS2 output₂Then along with third level voltage conversion circuit BS_3 is exported Voltage ... until be added to N grade voltage conversion circuit BSN export voltage V_N, tandem voltage is equal to V₁+ V₂+…… V_N.Voltage conversion circuit BS usually can be using the BUCK-BOOST electricity of booster type BOOST, the BUCK of voltage-dropping type or buck-boost type Road.It must be, it is emphasized that any scheme of maximum power tracing used in the prior art for the voltage up-down of photovoltaic cell Suitable for the voltage conversion circuit of the application, in the industry cycle, common maximum power tracing method has constant voltage process, conductance increment Method, perturbation observation method etc. belong to the prior art based on them, the application no longer individually to voltage conversion circuit/converter be as The scheme what executes maximum power tracing MPPT is repeated.

Referring to fig. 2, the principle for realizing MPPT is first illustrated by taking one group of photovoltaic module PV_M and PV_N as an example：Photovoltaic module PV_M and PV_N provides power supply to voltage conversion circuit or electric pressure converter BS_K and BS_K-1 respectively, which uses In to photovoltaic cell PV_M and PV_N execution maximum power tracing.The transfer efficiency of photovoltaic cell is mainly by both sides shadow It rings：First is the inside intrinsic propesties of photovoltaic cell；Second is the periphery use environment such as sunlight irradiation intensity, negative of photovoltaic cell Load situation and temperature condition etc..Under different external condition, photovoltaic cell may operate at different and unique maximum power point On.Therefore for the electricity generation system of photovoltaic cell, the real-time optimal work of photovoltaic cell under any illumination condition should be sought Make state to convert light energy into electric energy to the maximum extent.

Referring to fig. 2, photovoltaic module PV_M generates desired output voltage using voltage conversion circuit BS_K and is performed simultaneously most High-power point tracking, the first input end NI1 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K are connected to anode and the voltage conversion of photovoltaic module PV_M The second input terminal NI2 of circuit BS_K is connected to the cathode of photovoltaic module PV_M.It is also noted that the of voltage conversion circuit BS_K One output end NO1 is connected to the unique corresponding output capacitance C of voltage conversion circuit BS_K itself_OFirst end ND1, voltage The second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit BS_K is connected to the unique corresponding output capacitance C of voltage conversion circuit BS_K itself_OSecond Hold ND2.Voltage that photovoltaic module PV_M is provided is executed the voltage conversion of DC/DC and that is, synchronizes and hold by voltage conversion circuit BS_K Row maximum power tracing calculation, so that the DC output voltage that final voltage conversion circuit BS_K is exported is generated and converted in voltage Between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2 of circuit BS_K, output voltage is applied to the defeated of voltage conversion circuit BS_K Capacitor C out_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2 between, it is believed that output capacitance C_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2 difference It is connected to the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K, also that is, output capacitance C_OIt is connected to Between the first output end N1 and second output terminal N2 of the voltage conversion circuit BS of Fig. 1 itself.In voltage conversion circuit BS_K The first switch S1 and second switch S2 of decompression converting circuit Buck be connected on first input end NI1 and the second input terminal NI2 it Between and the third switch S3 and second switch S4 of voltage up converting circuit Boost in voltage conversion circuit BS_K be connected on Between one output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2.Both first switch S1 and second switch S2 in Buck circuit are connected in Both one interconnecting nodes NX1 and third switch S3 in Boost circuit and the 4th switch S4 are connected in the second interconnecting nodes NX2, then the first interconnecting nodes NX1 both first and second switch S1-S2 connected in Buck-Boost circuit and third and the It is provided with inductance L between the second both four switch S3-S4 connected interconnecting nodes NX2, and second output terminal NO2 and second is defeated Entering to hold NI2 may be coupled directly to, together and to set their current potential be a reference potential REF for example with reference to ground.Usually with The output capacitance C being arranged between one output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2_OIt is corresponding, it is set to first input end NI1 And the second input capacitance C between input terminal NI2_IN, it is mentioned above send carrier wave carrier wave sending module CSG be attached to electricity Between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K.The processor of voltage conversion circuit BS_K configuration 200 to directly drive ability generally weaker, the switch such as MOSFET or IGBT can not be directly driven, therefore we also further utilize Driving capability stronger first driver DR1 and the second driver DR2 are arrived, wherein the first driver DR1 is used to drive Buck First switch S1 in circuit and second switch S2, the second driver DR2 are used to drive the third switch S3 in Boost circuit With the 4th switch S4.Above K is the natural number greater than 1.

Referring to fig. 2, photovoltaic module PV_N generates desired output voltage using voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 and is performed simultaneously The first input end NI1 of maximum power point tracking, voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 is connected to the anode and voltage of photovoltaic module PV_N The second input terminal NI2 of conversion circuit BS_K-1 is connected to the cathode of photovoltaic module PV_N.Pay attention to voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 The first output end NO1 be connected to the unique corresponding output capacitance C of voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 itself_OFirst end It is unique corresponding that the second output terminal NO2 of ND1 and voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 is connected to voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 itself Output capacitance C_OSecond end ND2.The voltage that voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 provides photovoltaic module PV_N executes the electricity of DC/DC Pressure, which is converted simultaneously that is, synchronized, executes maximum power tracing calculation, so that the direct current that finally voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 is exported is defeated Voltage generates between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 namely output voltage out It is applied to the output capacitance C of voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2 between, we are believed that output Capacitor C_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2 be respectively coupled to voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 the first output end NO1 and second it is defeated Outlet NO2, also that is, output capacitance C_OIt is connected to the first output end N1 and of the voltage conversion circuit BS itself in Fig. 1 Between two output end N2.Thereby the first switch S1 of the decompression converting circuit Buck in voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 and second is opened It closes S2 and is connected on the boost conversion between first input end NI1 and the second input terminal NI2 and in voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 The third switch S3 and second switch S4 of circuit Boost is connected between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2.Buck First switch S1 and both second switch S2 be connected in the third switch S3 and in the first interconnecting nodes NX1 and Boost Both four switch S4 are connected in both first and second switch S1-S2 in the second interconnecting nodes NX2, Buck-Boost circuit and are connected The second interconnecting nodes NX2 for being connected of both the first interconnecting nodes NX1 and the third and fourth switch S3-S4 between be provided with inductance L, and second output terminal NO2 and the second input terminal NI2 may be coupled directly to the current potential for together and setting them as a ginseng Current potential REF is examined for example with reference to ground.Equally, it is usually exported with the first output end NO1 and second in voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 The output capacitance C being arranged between the NO2 of end_OFirst input end NI1 that is corresponding, being set in voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 And the second input capacitance C between input terminal NI2_IN, carrier wave sending module CSG mentioned above is attached to voltage conversion circuit Between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2 of BS_K-1.Voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 and voltage conversion circuit BS_K It is adjacent but series connection, such as the output capacitance C of previous stage voltage conversion circuit BS_K_OSecond end ND2 be connected to it is latter The output capacitance C of step voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1_OFirst end ND1.

Referring to fig. 2, by taking the processor 200 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K configuration as an example, processor 200 is in order to indirectly go to drive In the first switch S1 and second switch S2 and driving voltage conversion circuit BS_K of decompression converting circuit Buck in dynamic BS_K Voltage up converting circuit Boost third switch S3 and second switch S4, used driving first switch S1 and second switch S2 The first driver DR1, and used driving third switch S3 and second switch S4 the second driver DR2.First driver DR1 is included at least：The first output stage unit INV1 of the first driving signal SIG1 is generated, the output of processor 200 is to the first output The trigger signal of grade unit INV1 removes driving first switch S1 after enhancing driving capability by the first output stage unit INV1 again；And Also there is the second output stage unit INV2 for generating the second driving signal SIG2, and the output of processor 200 is to the second output stage The trigger signal of unit INV2 removes driving second switch S2, Ye Jili after enhancing driving capability by the second output stage unit INV2 again First switch S1 and second switch S2 are respectively driven with the first driving signal SIG1 and the second driving signal SIG2.At the same time, Second driver DR2 is also at least：Generate the third output stage unit INV3 of third driving signal SIG3, processor 200 It exports and goes to drive again after enhancing driving capability by third output stage unit INV3 to the trigger signal of third output stage unit INV3 Third switch S3；And also there is the 4th output stage unit INV4 for generating fourth drive signal SIG4, and processor 200 is defeated It goes to drive again after enhancing driving capability by the 4th output stage unit INV4 before this to the trigger signal of the 4th output stage unit INV4 out Dynamic 4th switch S2, namely third switch S3 and the are respectively driven using third driving signal SIG3 and fourth drive signal SIG4 Four switch S4.In conclusion above-mentioned for driving the first driver DR1 of the first and second switch S1-S2 to include at least：Respectively The first and second output stage unit INV1-INV2 of the first and second driving signal SIG1-SIG2 are generated, here first and second Driving signal SIG1-SIG2 is respectively used to the first and second switch S1-S2 of driving；For driving the third and fourth switch S3-S4 The second driver DR2 include at least：Generate the third and fourth output stage unit of the third and fourth driving signal SIG3-SIG4 INV3-INV4, the third and fourth driving signal SIG3-SIG4 is respectively used to the third and fourth switch S3-S4 of driving here.

Referring to fig. 2, in the first driver DR1：First output stage unit INV1 has upper tube Q1 and down tube Q2 and the The upper tube Q1 and down tube Q2 of one output stage unit INV1 is similar to totem pole configuration or inverter structure.It combines and is introduced below in advance Fig. 5 can know：The respective grid control terminal of upper tube Q1 and down tube Q2 is as the trigger signal for receiving the generation of processor 200（Example Such as PWM pulse-width signal）Signal input part, and applied between the first port of upper tube Q1 and the second port of down tube Q2 Be powered on potential difference, and at the first port interconnection of the second port of upper tube Q1 and down tube Q2 node as the first output stage unit The output end of INV1 simultaneously generates the first driving signal SIG1.The first bootstrapping section is connected to referring to the first port of the upper tube Q1 in Fig. 5 Point NBS1, and the second port of down tube Q2 corresponds to and is then connected to the first interconnection section of first switch S1 and second switch S2 between the two Point NX1.So a pair of of efferent duct Q1 and Q2 of the first output stage unit INV1 is connected on the first bootstrapping node NBS1 and first mutually Even between node NX1, it is furthermore provided with first capacitor C_B1Be connected to the first bootstrapping node NBS1 and the first interconnecting nodes NX1 it Between.The first input end NI1 that voltage conversion circuit BS_K is also shown in figure is connected to the first bootstrapping node by diode D1 The first output end NO1 of NBS1 and voltage conversion circuit BS_K is connected to the first bootstrapping node NBS1 by diode D2, here Charging is unidirectional namely the anode of diode D1 is coupled to first input end NI1, and the anode of diode D2 is coupled to first Output end NO1, the cathode of diode D1 and D2 are then coupled to the first bootstrapping node NBS1.It alternatively can also be Connect D1 and resistance R1 between first bootstrapping node NBS1 and first input end NI1, and/or in the first bootstrapping node NBS1 and the Connect D2 and resistance R2 between one output end NO1.So first input end NI1 and/or the first output end NO1 pass through diode D1-D2 with unidirectional mode to first bootstrapping node charge NBS1.It additionally can be mutual in the first bootstrapping node NBS1 and first Even connect a zener diode between node NX1, the anode of zener diode is coupled to the first interconnecting nodes NX1 and cathode coupling It closes to the first bootstrapping node NBS1.

Referring to fig. 2, in the first driver DR1：Second output stage unit INV2 has upper tube Q3 and down tube Q4 and the The upper tube Q3 and down tube Q4 of two output stage unit INV2 is similar to totem pole configuration or inverter structure.It combines and is introduced below in advance Fig. 5 can know：The respective grid control terminal of upper tube Q3 and down tube Q4, which is used as, receives the trigger signal that processor 200 generates（Example Such as PWM pulse-width signal）Signal input part, and applied between the first port of upper tube Q3 and the second port of down tube Q4 Be powered on potential difference, and at the first port interconnection of the second port of upper tube Q3 and down tube Q4 node as the second output stage unit The output end of INV2 simultaneously generates the second driving signal SIG2.Voltage conversion electricity is connected to referring to the first port of the upper tube Q3 in Fig. 5 The first input end NI1 of road BS_K, the input voltage VIN provided from first input end NI1 reception photovoltaic module PV_M, and and this The corresponding reference potential REF being then connected to the cathode equipotentiality of photovoltaic module PV_M of the second port of down tube Q4 simultaneously.So the A pair of of efferent duct Q3 and Q4 of two output stage unit INV2 is connected between first input end NI1 and reference potential REF.Pay attention to figure The first port of upper tube Q3 in 5 can also be connected to the first output end NO1 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K, namely export from first NO1 is held to receive the output voltage VO UT that photovoltaic module PV_M is provided, and the second port correspondence of down tube Q4 then connects at the same time To the reference potential REF of the cathode equipotentiality with photovoltaic module PV_M.So a pair of of efferent duct Q3 of the second output stage unit INV2 And Q4 can also be connected between the first output end NO1 and reference potential REF.

Referring to fig. 2, in the second driver DR2：Third output stage unit INV3 has upper tube Q5 and down tube Q6 and the The upper tube Q5 and down tube Q6 of three output stage unit INV3 is similar to totem pole configuration or inverter structure.It combines and is introduced below in advance Fig. 5 can know：The respective grid control terminal of upper tube Q5 and down tube Q6, which is used as, receives the trigger signal that processor 200 generates（Example Such as PWM pulse-width signal）Signal input part, and applied between the first port of upper tube Q5 and the second port of down tube Q6 Be powered on potential difference, and at the first port interconnection of the second port of upper tube Q5 and down tube Q6 node as third output stage unit The output end of INV3 simultaneously generates third driving signal SIG3.Voltage conversion electricity is connected to referring to the first port of the upper tube Q5 in Fig. 5 The first input end NI1 of road BS_K, the input voltage VIN provided from first input end NI1 reception photovoltaic module PV_M, and and this The corresponding reference potential REF being then connected to the cathode equipotentiality of photovoltaic module PV_M of the second port of down tube Q6 simultaneously.So the A pair of of efferent duct Q5 and Q6 of three output stage unit INV3 is connected between first input end NI1 and reference potential REF.Pay attention to figure The first port of upper tube Q5 in 5 can also be connected to the first output end NO1 of voltage conversion circuit BS_K, namely export from first NO1 is held to receive the output voltage VO UT that photovoltaic module PV_M is provided, and the second port correspondence of down tube Q6 then connects at the same time To the reference potential REF of the cathode equipotentiality with photovoltaic module PV_M.So a pair of of efferent duct Q5 of third output stage unit INV3 And Q6 can also be connected between the first output end NO1 and reference potential REF.

Referring to fig. 2, in the second driver DR2：4th output stage unit INV4 has upper tube Q7 and down tube Q8 and the The upper tube Q7 and down tube Q8 of four output stage unit INV4 is similar to totem pole configuration or inverter structure.It combines and is introduced below in advance Fig. 5 can know：The respective grid control terminal of upper tube Q7 and down tube Q8, which is used as, receives the trigger signal that processor 200 generates（Example Such as PWM pulse-width signal）Signal input part, and applied between the first port of upper tube Q7 and the second port of down tube Q8 Be powered on potential difference, and at the first port interconnection of the second port of upper tube Q7 and down tube Q8 node as the 4th output stage unit The output end of INV4 simultaneously generates fourth drive signal SIG4.The second bootstrapping section is connected to referring to the first port of the upper tube Q7 in Fig. 5 Point NBS2, and the second port of down tube Q8 corresponds to and is then connected to the second interconnection section of third switch S3 and the 4th switch S4 between the two Point NX2.So a pair of of efferent duct Q7 and Q8 of the 4th output stage unit INV4 is connected on the second bootstrapping node NBS2 and second mutually Even between node NX2, it is furthermore provided with the second capacitor C_B2Be connected to the second bootstrapping node NBS2 and the second interconnecting nodes NX2 it Between.The first input end NI1 that voltage conversion circuit BS_K is also shown in figure is connected to the second bootstrapping node by diode D4 The first output end NO1 of NBS2 and voltage conversion circuit BS_K is connected to the second bootstrapping node NBS2 by diode D3, here Charging is unidirectional namely the anode of diode D4 is coupled to first input end NI1, and the anode of diode D3 is coupled to first Output end NO1, the cathode of diode D3 and D4 are then coupled to the second bootstrapping node NBS2.It alternatively can also be Connect D4 and resistance R1 between second bootstrapping node NBS2 and first input end NI1, and/or in the second bootstrapping node NBS2 and the Connect D3 and resistance R2 between one output end NO1.So first input end NI1 and/or the first output end NO1 pass through diode D4-D3 with unidirectional mode to second bootstrapping node charge NBS2.It additionally can be mutual in the second bootstrapping node NBS2 and second Even connect a zener diode between node NX2, the anode of zener diode is coupled to the second interconnecting nodes NX2 and cathode coupling It closes to the second bootstrapping node NBS2.

In addition to this, different from the embodiment of Fig. 1, the embodiment of Fig. 1 is that each photovoltaic module PV is configured and is provided with A corresponding voltage conversion circuit BS carries out power optimization, and optional embodiment is not that each photovoltaic module PV is configured It is provided with a corresponding voltage conversion circuit BS and carries out power optimization, opposite substitution scheme is：In concatenated battery pack string Be in String several photovoltaic modulies PV cooperatively by the same voltage conversion circuit BS carry out power optimization：At least one Group photovoltaic module in parallel to the same voltage conversion circuit provide power supply, voltage conversion circuit be used for it is described at least One group of photovoltaic module is synchronous to execute maximum power tracing.Such as in some embodiments for replacing Fig. 1：At least one set of photovoltaic module PV1 and PV2 provides power supply to the same voltage conversion circuit BS1 in parallel, and voltage conversion circuit BS1 is used for one The first input end NI1 of group photovoltaic module PV1 execution maximum power tracing synchronous with PV2 namely voltage conversion circuit BS1 are simultaneously It is connected to the respective anode of PV1 and PV2, it is respective negative that the second input terminal NI2 of voltage conversion circuit BS1 is connected to PV1 and PV2 simultaneously Pole.In another example in the particular embodiment：At least one set of photovoltaic module PVM and PVN turns to the same voltage in parallel It changes circuit BSK and power supply is provided, K is greater than 1 natural number, and voltage conversion circuit BSK is used for at least one set of photovoltaic group The first input end NI1 of part PVM execution maximum power tracing synchronous with PVN, voltage conversion circuit BSK is connected to PVM and PVN simultaneously Second input terminal NI2 of respective anode, voltage conversion circuit BSK is connected to the respective cathode of PVM and PVN simultaneously.Here one group Photovoltaic module is utilized for two PV1 and PV2 and two PVM and PVN, and greater number of photovoltaic module is constituted extremely in fact Few one group of photovoltaic module, these greater number of photovoltaic modulies are similarly mentioned to the same voltage conversion circuit in parallel Power supply source, voltage conversion circuit, which is used to synchronize at least one set of photovoltaic module, executes maximum power tracing.

Referring to Fig. 1-2, by multilevel voltage conversion circuit BS1, BS2 ... BSN etc. is connected in series, any previous step voltage The second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit BS_K is coupled to neighboring later stage voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1's by transmission line LAN First output end NO1, or the output capacitance C of any previous stage voltage conversion circuit BS_K_OSecond end ND2 pass through transmission line The corresponding output capacitance C for being coupled to neighboring later stage voltage conversion circuit BS_K-1 of LAN_OFirst end ND1.The rest may be inferred, appoints The second output terminal NO2 of meaning previous stage voltage conversion circuit BS_K+1 is coupled to neighboring later stage voltage by transmission line LAN and turns Change the first output end NO1 etc. of circuit BS_K.Finally, multilevel voltage conversion circuit BS1 ... BSN etc. be connected in series when it Respective output capacitance C_OIt is connected in series with each other：Namely the output capacitance C of voltage conversion circuit BS1_OWith the output capacitance of BS2 C_OWith the output capacitance C of BS3_O... and the output capacitance C of BSK_OIt is connected in series Deng by transmission line LAN, so conversion circuit BS1 ... total tandem voltage of the offers such as BSN be equal to voltage conversion circuit BS1, BS2 ... the their own output of BSN Capacitor C_OOn voltage superposition value：Quite it is equal to the output capacitance C of BS1_OThe voltage at both ends adds the output capacitance C of BS2_OTwo The voltage at end adds the output capacitance C of BS3_OThe voltage ... at both ends is until add the output capacitance C of BSN_OThe voltage at both ends Etc..In other words：Connecting line LAN converts the voltage into circuit BS1 to BSN and is together in series, and connecting line LAN is in addition to providing direct current The superposition path of pressure also provides the propagation path of carrier wave.

Referring to Fig. 3, at least one set of photovoltaic module is configured to provide power supply, power optimization electricity to a power optimization circuit Road has and the consistent multiple voltage conversion circuits of photovoltaic module quantity at least one set of photovoltaic module；Wherein with it is described extremely In few corresponding multiple voltage conversion circuits of one group of photovoltaic module：Each voltage conversion circuit is used to at least one set Maximum power tracing is individually performed in a corresponding battery component in photovoltaic module；And at least one set of photovoltaic module Corresponding multiple voltage conversion circuits are arranged to be connected in parallel, make each export voltage export jointly with it is described at least In one output capacitance of the corresponding power optimization circuit of one group of photovoltaic module.Such as in the particular embodiment：It is at least one set of Photovoltaic module PV_1 and PV_2 are configured to provide power supply to power optimization circuit POC, the power optimization circuit POC have with Photovoltaic module quantity at least one set the photovoltaic module PV_1 and PV_2（Such as two）Consistent multiple voltage conversion circuits BS_1 and BS_2, quantity here is as just illustrating without limitation；Wherein at least one set of photovoltaic module PV_1 In multiple voltage conversion circuit BS_1 and BS_2 corresponding with PV_2：Each voltage conversion circuit is used to described at least one Maximum power tracing, i.e. first voltage conversion circuit BS_1 is individually performed in a corresponding battery component in group photovoltaic module For maximum power tracing being individually performed to a corresponding battery component PV_1 and second voltage conversion circuit BS_2 is used for Maximum power tracing is individually performed to a corresponding battery component PV_2；And at least one set photovoltaic module PV_1 and The corresponding multiple voltage conversion circuit BS_1 and BS_2 of PV_2 are arranged to be connected in parallel, so that BS_1 and BS_2 each exports Voltage exported in an output capacitance of power optimization circuit corresponding at least one set of photovoltaic module jointly, i.e. phase When in the voltage that voltage conversion circuit BS_1 and BS_2 are exported export jointly at least one set of photovoltaic module PV_1 An output capacitance C of power optimization circuit POC corresponding with PV_2_OOn.Voltage conversion circuit BS_1 and BS_2 use BUCK- BOOST。

Referring to Fig. 3, second photovoltaic module PV_2 generates desired voltage using second voltage conversion circuit BS_2 Output.The first input end NI1 of second voltage conversion circuit BS_2 in power optimization circuit POC is connected to photovoltaic module The anode of PV_2, the second input terminal NI2 of second voltage conversion circuit BS_2 are then connected to accordingly uniquely corresponding with BS_2 circuit A photovoltaic module PV_2 cathode.The first output end NO1 of second voltage conversion circuit BS_2 is connected to power optimization The unique corresponding output capacitance C of circuit POC_OFirst end ND1 and second voltage conversion circuit BS_2 second output terminal NO2 is connected to power optimization circuit POC uniquely corresponding output capacitance C_OSecond end ND2.Referring to Fig. 3, first photovoltaic group Part PV_1 generates desired voltage output using first voltage conversion circuit BS_1.First in power optimization circuit POC The first input end NI1 of a voltage conversion circuit BS_1 is connected to the anode and first voltage transformation electricity of photovoltaic module PV_1 The second input terminal NI2 of road BS_1 is then connected to negative with the unique corresponding photovoltaic module PV_1 of BS_1 circuit accordingly Pole.Wherein it is unique corresponding defeated to be connected to power optimization circuit POC by the first output end NO1 of first voltage conversion circuit BS_1 Capacitor C out_OFirst end ND1, the second output terminal NO2 of first voltage conversion circuit BS_1 be connected to power optimization circuit The unique corresponding output capacitance C of POC_OSecond end ND2.Actually first end ND1 and second end ND2 can be considered containing BS_1 and The first output end and second output terminal of the power optimization circuit POC of BS_2, for generating output voltage.Maximum power is executed to chase after Track in the industry cycle mainly drives the respective switching tube S1-S4 of BS_1 and BS_2 to realize by processor 200, common in the art Maximum power MPPT tracking have constant voltage process, conductance increment method and perturbation observation method etc..

Referring to fig. 4, such as in the particular embodiment：At least one set of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁It is configured to a power Optimize circuit POC and power supply is provided, power optimization circuit POC has and at least one set of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁Middle photovoltaic module number Amount（Such as two）Consistent multiple voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂, quantity here is as just illustrating without limitation；Its In, at least one set of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁Corresponding multiple voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂In：Each voltage Conversion circuit, which is used to maximum power is individually performed to a corresponding battery component at least one set of photovoltaic module, to be chased after Track namely first voltage conversion circuit BS₁For to a corresponding battery component PV₁Maximum power tracing is individually performed, and Second voltage conversion circuit BS₂For to a corresponding battery component PV₂Maximum power tracing is individually performed；And with institute State at least one set of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁Corresponding multiple voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂It is arranged to be connected in parallel, so that it The voltage that respectively exports export an output in power optimization circuit corresponding at least one set of photovoltaic module jointly On capacitor, i.e. voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂The voltage of output export jointly at least one set of photovoltaic module PV₂With PV₁Unique corresponding power optimization circuit POC an output capacitance C_OOn.Industry is to component PV₂And PV₁It executes most High-power tracking in the industry cycle mainly drives BS by processor 200₁And BS₂Switching tube IGBT or MOSFET realize.Such as In the particular embodiment：At least one set of photovoltaic module PV_NAnd PV_MIt is configured to provide power supply to a power optimization circuit POC, Power optimization circuit POC has and at least one set of photovoltaic module PV_NAnd PV_MMiddle photovoltaic module quantity（Such as two）It is consistent multiple Voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂, quantity here is as just illustrating without limitation；Wherein at least one set of photovoltaic Component PV_NAnd PV_M1Corresponding multiple voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂In：Each voltage conversion circuit be used to it is described extremely Maximum power tracing namely first voltage conversion electricity is individually performed in a corresponding battery component in few one group of photovoltaic module Road BS₁For to a corresponding battery component PV_MMaximum power tracing and second voltage conversion circuit BS is individually performed₂With In to a corresponding battery component PV_NMaximum power tracing is individually performed；And at least one set of photovoltaic module PV_M And PV_NCorresponding multiple voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂It is arranged to be connected in parallel, so that the voltage of each output is jointly defeated Out in an output capacitance of power optimization circuit corresponding at least one set of photovoltaic module, i.e. voltage conversion circuit BS₁And BS₂The voltage of output export jointly at least one set of photovoltaic module PV_NAnd PV_MUnique corresponding power is excellent Change an output capacitance C of circuit POC_OOn.

Referring to fig. 4, with one group of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁Corresponding voltage conversion circuit BS₂And BS₁In：Each voltage turns The first, second output end for changing circuit is then respectively coupled to a power optimization electricity corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module The first end and second end of the output capacitance on road, namely make first voltage conversion circuit BS₁The first and second output ends NO1 and NO2 is respectively coupled to and at least one set of photovoltaic module PV described in this₂And PV₁Corresponding power optimization circuit POC Output capacitance C_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2；And make second voltage conversion circuit BS₂It is first and second defeated Outlet NO1 and NO2 are respectively coupled to and at least one set of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁Corresponding power optimization circuit POC has Output capacitance C_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2.In another embodiment, with one group of photovoltaic module PV_NAnd PV_MIt is corresponding Voltage conversion circuit BS₂And BS₁In：First, second output end of each voltage conversion circuit be then respectively coupled to it is described extremely The first end and second end of the output capacitance of few corresponding power optimization circuit of one group of photovoltaic module, namely make first Voltage conversion circuit BS₁The first and second output end NO1 and NO2 be respectively coupled to and at least one set of photovoltaic module described in this PV₂And PV₁The output capacitance C of corresponding power optimization circuit POC_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2；And make Two voltage conversion circuit BS₂The first and second output end NO1 and NO2 be respectively coupled to and one group of photovoltaic module PV₂And PV₁ The output capacitance C that corresponding power optimization circuit POC has_OFirst end ND1 and second end ND2.Finally by multistage institute State power optimization circuit POC series connection, the output capacitance C of any previous stage power optimization circuit POC_OSecond end ND2 coupling Close the output capacitance C of neighboring later stage power optimization circuit POC_OFirst end ND1, thus by concatenation line LAN will be multistage The respective whole output capacitance C of the power optimization circuit POC_OAll it is connected in series.In the multistage power optimization Circuit POC their own output capacitance C when being connected in series_OIt is connected in series with each other, the multistage power optimization circuit POC is provided Total voltage be equal to the multistage respective output capacitance C of power optimization circuit POC_OOn voltage superposition value.Finally, more Grade power optimization circuit POC their own output capacitance C when being connected in series_OIt is connected in series with each other：Namely first order POC's is defeated Capacitor C out_OWith the output capacitance C of second level POC_OWith the output capacitance C of third level POC_O... and the output capacitance of K grades of POC C_OIt is connected in series Deng by transmission line LAN, the total voltage that multilevel optimization circuit POC is provided is equal to first order POC, the second level POC ... until the their own output capacitance C of K grades of POC_OOn voltage superposition value：Quite equal to first order POC's Output capacitance C_OThe voltage at both ends adds the output capacitance C of second level POC_OOutput electricity of the voltage at both ends along with third level POC Hold C_OThe voltage ... at both ends extremely adds the output capacitance C of the K grades of POC_OThe voltage at both ends etc..In other words：Connecting line POC of the LAN by the first order to K grades is together in series, and notices that connecting line LAN is also provided in addition to providing the superposition path of DC voltage The propagation path of carrier wave.The data collection terminal of acquisition and analysis photovoltaic cell parameter（Such as header box or inverter）It is generally configured with Decoder, decoder are then with sensor module and bandpass filter module and processing unit etc., the data of data collection terminal It can also be sent to cloud server computer either mobile terminal, it for example can be very on the dedicated APP of mobile phone Convenient analysis photovoltaic cell parameter.

Present application discloses synchronous realization photovoltaic cell voltage modulateds and prison based on above-mentioned buck-boost type electric pressure converter The method of survey, this method further include other than voltage modulated：The first of non-maximum power point tracking is in each photovoltaic cell Working condition, or enter the second working condition of tracking maximum power point in each photovoltaic cell, matched by each photovoltaic cell Its running parameter is transferred to the foundation that collection terminal is considered as the diagnosis photovoltaic cell by the processor set, and thereby realizes the photovoltaic cell It is monitored under first or second working condition.The application discloses diagnosis electricity on the basis of based on the battery data monitored The mode in pond, wherein acquiring a battery pack string at least in a preset period of time t under the conditions of the first working condition In each photovoltaic module PV1 ... PVN one or more different types of running parameters, by each photovoltaic module PV1's ... PVN Set { F of the running parameter of specified type in preset period of time t₁、F₂、F₃…F_NWith battery pack string in each photovoltaic The running parameter of specified type of the component individual in the preset period of time is compared, and is at least judged based on comparative result Whether each photovoltaic module occurs the anomalous event that generates electricity in battery pack string.According to set { F₁、F₂、F₃…F_NCalculate finger Determine a high-order diagnostic threshold D of the running parameter of type_UPPERWith a low level diagnostic threshold D_LOWER, and judge battery pack Whether the running parameter for the specified type that each photovoltaic module monitors in the preset period of time in string exceeds a high position With the range of low level diagnostic threshold, not in range D_LOWER-D_UPPERIt is inside then warned, informs that the diagnostic result of battery is abnormal. In other examples also for example：The specified type of foundation each photovoltaic module in battery pack string in preset period of time t Running parameter set { F₁、F₂、F₃…F_NCalculated mathematical mean M and mathematics mean square deviation S thereby determine it is high-order and low Position diagnostic threshold.High-order diagnostic threshold D_UPPERWith low level diagnostic threshold D_LOWERIt is about above-mentioned mathematical mean M and mathematics mean square deviation The function of value S.If high-order diagnostic threshold D_UPPERThe low level diagnostic threshold D equal to M+K*S_LOWEREqual to M-K*S, K is just here Number is just able to satisfy condition.

。

In one alternate embodiment：In the first operative state, one at least in a preset period of time t is acquired One or more different types of running parameters of each photovoltaic module PV1 ... PVN, different types of work in a battery pack string Parameter typically for example has voltage, electric current, temperature, power or the supplemental characteristic said generated energy etc. and need to monitor.Preset time Period t can be some intraday continuous period and be also possible to several periods different in one day.Such as photovoltaic group Certain running parameter of part PV1 in a preset period of time t-1 in morning some day is denoted as F₁, component PV2 is on some day Certain running parameter of one preset period of time t-1 at noon is denoted as F₂, and so on ... ... until photovoltaic module PVN is at certain Certain running parameter of a preset period of time t-1 one morning is denoted as F_N, this running parameter is, for example, voltage, must Desired numerical value set is arrived, i.e., the work ginseng of each respective specified type of photovoltaic module PV1 ... PVN in battery pack string Set { F of the number in preset period of time t₁、F₂、F₃…F_N, running parameter is, for example, voltage value, assumes photovoltaic module in advance Voltage power supply parameter of the PV1 in this preset period of time t-1 one morning is denoted as F₁, photovoltaic module PV2 is in this day The voltage power supply parameter of one preset period of time t-1 in the morning is denoted as F₂, and so on ... ... photovoltaic module PVN assumes The voltage power supply parameter of this preset period of time t-1 one morning is denoted as F_N, then we are in analysis preset time week Set { F in phase t-1₁、F₂、F₃…F_NWhen find, the voltage of some component is more abnormal, and photovoltaic module PV3 therein exists The voltage power supply parameter of this preset period of time t-1 one morning is denoted as F₃Suddenly than the electricity of other all photovoltaic modulies Press { F₁、F₂、F₄…F_NWill show it is too much or too small, then it is assumed that photovoltaic module PV3 is in this one morning default Between the voltage power supply parameter of period t-1 be denoted as F₃Be due to certain factor cause exception, possible photovoltaic module PV3 be blocked and Voltage becomes smaller or photovoltaic module PV3 is since quality problem causes the photoelectric conversion benefit of itself lower.Photovoltaic cell is " each Photovoltaic cell be connected in series with each other into battery strings group but do not enter into tracking maximum power point working condition " first work State（For example each photovoltaic cell is in erection stage）Under, in erection stage, those fail batteries can find and sieve in advance Choosing, problem battery can be prevented, which to be directly entered array and generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, leads to disaster consequence.

Referring to Fig. 6-8, the voltage modulated mode of electric pressure converter BS_K is in Fig. 5：The synchronous also monitoring input of processor 200 The value of voltage VIN and output voltage VO, the first mode：When the first and second received input voltage VINs of input terminal NI1-NI2 Difference of the VIN and VO between them is caused to be more than default greater than the first and second output end NO1-NO2 output voltage VO generated Value V-threshold, then processor 200 controls buck-boost type electric pressure converter BS_K and works in decompression mode buck-mode Execute maximum power point tracking；Second of mode：Cause VIN and VO between them when input voltage VIN is less than output voltage VO Difference be more than preset value V-threshold, then processor 200 can control buck-boost type electric pressure converter BS_K and work in boosting Mode boost-mode executes maximum power point tracking；The third mode：When between input voltage VIN and output voltage VO Difference is not higher than preset value V-threshold, and processor 200 then controls buck-boost type electric pressure converter and works in buck The mixed mode mixed mode of buck-boost mode executes maximum power point tracking.Under Three models, first capacitor C_B1 With the second capacitor C_B2Respective charging voltage is clamped down on one of larger in both input voltage VIN and output voltage VO to follow Change and changes, i.e. first capacitor C_B1With the second capacitor C_B2The voltage of two capacitors be charged to closer to input voltage VIN and It is one of larger in output voltage VO the two.Has no doubt it is understood that input voltage VIN and output voltage VO under Three models Between difference be entirely different：Allow the second capacitor C under buck mode_B2Charging voltage it is bigger than output voltage VO, and VIN Difference between VO is greater than preset value V-threshold, and the 4th switch S4 is continuously turned under buck mode, and this two at this time The second capacitor of condition guarantee C_B2The driving capability of potential connect S4 enough；At the same time, first capacitor is allowed under boost mode C_B1Charging voltage it is bigger than input voltage VIN, and the difference between VIN and VO is greater than preset value V-threshold again because of boost First switch S1 is continuously turned under mode, then two conditions clamp down on first capacitor C at this time_B1Potential driving capability foot Enough connect S1.Under buck-boost mode, the difference between input voltage VIN and output voltage VO is not higher than preset value V- Threshold, first capacitor C_B1With the second capacitor C_B2Respective charging voltage clamps down on to follow both input VIN and output VO In one of larger variation and change, they are dynamically charged to closer in both input voltage VIN and output voltage VO It is one of larger：At this time due to four switch S1-S4 cannot continue shutdown but S1 and S2 are alternately connected and S3 and S4 It alternately connects and the difference between VIN and VO is not higher than preset value V-threshold, the voltage journey of two capacitor dynamic chargings The opposite VIN and VO of degree is little, i.e. the voltage of dynamic charging of two capacitors under buck-boost mode is relative to buck mould Formula or boost mode are different, and the dynamic charging voltage of two capacitors is relative to both input voltage VIN and output voltage VO In the difference of lesser one be less than preset value V-threshold's：Specifically, first capacitor C_B1Dynamic charging voltage With one lesser in both VIN and VO（Such as VIN or VO）Difference be lower than preset value V-threshold, the second capacitor C_B2's Dynamic charging voltage and lesser one in both VIN and VO（Such as VIN or VO）Difference be lower than preset value V-threshold, So the first capacitor C when switch S1 is alternately connected with S2_B1Dynamic charging voltage not will cause switch S1 time-out connect generate So-called hesitation, and switch S3 replace the second capacitor C when connecting with S4_B2Dynamic charging voltage not will cause switch S4 Time-out, which is connected, generates so-called hesitation, avoids S1 from alternately connecting with S2 and dead zone mistake that when S3 is alternately connected with S4 defines Effect.Furthermore electric pressure converter BS_K is actually in buck mode and boost mode and buck- during voltage modulated Switch between boost mode, then first capacitor C_B1With the second capacitor C_B2Respective charging voltage clamps down on mode also with voltage The modulating mode of converter BS_K and the switching that transient state occurs.The first capacitor C under buck mode_B1Charging voltage also than output Voltage VO is big, and energy of position efficiently drives S1, the second capacitor C under boost mode_B2Charging voltage also compare input voltage VIN is big, and energy of position efficiently drives S4.

Referring to Fig. 6, the first mode：The voltage tune under decompression mode step down is worked in electric pressure converter BS_K Method processed includes：The first output stage unit INV1 that processor 200 controls the first driver DR1 exports the first driving signal SIG1 It is coupled to the control terminal of first switch S1, processor 200 controls the second output stage unit INV2 output the of the first driver DR1 Two driving signal SIG2 is coupled to the control terminal of second switch S2.First and second output stage units output complementary signal each other First and second driving signal SIG1-SIG2 within each step-down switching period so that alternately connect the first and second switch S1- S2, the time S1-OFF for time S1-ON and first switch the S1 shutdown that first switch S1 is connected in each step-down switching period, often The time S2-OFF for time S2-ON and second switch the S2 shutdown that second switch S2 is connected in a step-down switching period, period the The dead time D-Time being turned off, which is equipped with, between the connection of one switch S1 and the S2 connection of second switch avoids two switch S1- S2 is directly also turned on, this is the part Buck.And processor 200 controls the third output stage unit of the second driver DR2 The third driving signal SIG3 of INV3 output persistently turns off third switch S3, such as processor 200 is transferred to third output stage list The trigger signal of first INV3 directly turns off upper tube Q5 and connects down tube Q6, then its control gate is low when third switch S3 uses NMOS Level and turn off.But processor 200 controls in a pair of of efferent duct of the 4th output stage unit INV4 of the second driver DR2 Upper tube Q7 is connected and down tube Q8 ends, if the 4th switch S4 uses NMOS, then upper tube Q7 is connected fourth drive signal SIG4 Current potential clamp down in the second capacitor C_B2Charging voltage（C_B1-C_B2Charging voltage is no better than input voltage VIN）Namely second Capacitor C_B2Charging voltage be loaded directly between the grid control terminal and source terminal of the 4th switch S4 by upper tube Q7, thereby by The current potential of fourth drive signal SIG4 is enough to be continuously turned on the 4th switch S4, this stage forces Boost to lose boost function.Fig. 6 The curent change situation of middle inductance L is as shown in curve IL, and output is to the output electric current loaded then such as more stable curve IOUT institute Show.It is worth noting the first output stage unit INV1 and the second output stage unit INV2 and the second driving of the first driver DR1 The third output stage unit INV3 of device DR2 and the 4th their own top tube and down tube of output stage unit INV4 do not allow to connect simultaneously Logical, the upper tube of any output stage unit connects the synchronous triggering down tube shutdown of then processor in context, if instead upper tube turns off Then down tube should be connected.

Referring to Fig. 7, second of mode：The voltage modulated under boost mode step up is worked in electric pressure converter BS_K Method includes：The third output stage unit INV3 that processor 200 controls the second driver DR2 at this time exports third driving signal SIG3 is coupled to the control terminal of third switch S3, and the 4th output stage unit INV4 that processor 200 controls the second driver DR2 is defeated Fourth drive signal SIG4 is coupled to the control terminal of the 4th switch S4 out.Processor controls the output of the third and fourth output stage unit The third and fourth driving signal SIG3-SIG4 of complementary signal within each boosted switch period each other so that alternately connect third With the 4th switch S3-S4, the time S3-ON and third switch S3 that third switch S3 is connected in each boosted switch period in Fig. 7 The time S3-OFF of shutdown, the time S4-ON and the 4th switch S4 shutdown that the 4th switch S4 is connected in each boosted switch period Time S4-OFF, the S4 of the during which connection of third switch S3 and the 4th switch connect between be equipped with the dead time D- that is turned off Time avoids two switch S3-S4 from being directly also turned on, this is the part Boost.And processor 200 controls the first driver Second driving signal SIG2 of the second output stage unit INV2 output of DR2 persistently turns off second switch S2, such as processor 200 The trigger signal for being transferred to the second output stage unit INV2 directly turns off upper tube Q3 and connects down tube Q4, then second switch S2 is used Its control gate turns off when NMOS for low level.But processor 200 controls the first output stage unit of the first driver DR2 Upper tube Q1 in a pair of of efferent duct of INV1 is connected and down tube Q2 ends, if first switch S1 uses NMOS, then upper tube Q1 connects It is logical to clamp down on the current potential of the first driving signal SIG1 in first capacitor C_B1Charging voltage（C_B1-C_B2Charging voltage is no better than defeated Voltage VO out）, i.e. first capacitor C_B1Charging voltage by upper tube Q1 be loaded directly into first switch S1 grid control terminal and Between source terminal, it is enough to be continuously turned on first switch S1 by the current potential of the first driving signal SIG1, then in this stage, we are forced Buck loses the function of decompression.It is the curent change situation in the inductance L under boost mode in Fig. 7 as shown in curve IL, and it is defeated Give the output electric current loaded then as shown in more stable curve IOUT out.

Referring to Fig. 7, the third mode：It is described under the mode that electric pressure converter BS_K works in buck buck-boost Voltage modulated method further include：The first output stage unit INV1 output first that processor 200 controls the first driver DR1 is driven Dynamic signal SIG1 is coupled to the control terminal of first switch S1, and processor 200 controls the second output stage unit of the first driver DR1 INV2 exports the control terminal that the second driving signal SIG2 is coupled to second switch S2.First and second output stage units export each other First and second driving signal SIG1-SIG2 of complementary signal within each step-down switching period so that alternately connect first and the Time S1-ON and first switch the S1 shutdown that first switch S1 is connected in each step-down switching period in two switch S1-S2, Fig. 8 Time S1-OFF turn off with second switch S2 in each step-down switching period the time S2-ON connected and second switch S2 Time S2-OFF, during which the S2 of the connection of first switch S1 and second switch connect between be equipped with the dead time that is turned off and avoid Two switch S1-S2 are directly also turned on, the operating mode of this namely the so-called part Buck.And processor 200 can also at this time The third output stage unit INV3 output third driving signal SIG3 for controlling the second driver DR2 is coupled to the control of third switch S3 End processed and processor 200 control the 4th output stage unit INV4 output fourth drive signal SIG4 coupling of the second driver DR2 To the control terminal of the 4th switch S4.Processor 200 controls the of the complementary signal each other of the third and fourth output stage unit output Three connect the third and fourth switch S3-S4 with fourth drive signal SIG3-SIG4 to replace within each boosted switch period, The time S3-OFF for time S3-ON and third switch the S3 shutdown that each boosted switch period third switch S3 is connected in Fig. 8, often The time S4-OFF that the time S4-ON and the 4th switch S4 that a the 4th switch S4 of boosted switch period is connected are turned off, during which third The dead time being turned off there are two switch, which is set, between the connection of the S4 of the connection of switch S3 and the 4th switch avoids two switches S3-S4 is directly also turned on, this is the operating mode of the part Boost.Shown in succinct, with the one of Fig. 8 under the third mode For kind optional way：First stage Phase1 is boost mode, and second stage Phase2 and phase III Phase3 are decompression The electric current of mode, first stage Phase1 inductance L increases and almost keeps stable in second stage Phase2, but in the phase III The electric current of Phase3 inductance L is reduced, and abscissa T is the time.

Above by the content of description and accompanying drawings, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment are given, on It states invention and proposes existing preferred embodiment, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, After reading above description, various changes and modifications undoubtedly be will be evident.Therefore, appended claims should be regarded as and cover Whole variations and modifications of true intention and range of the invention.The range of any and all equivalences in Claims scope With content, all it is considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of buck-boost type electric pressure converter for photovoltaic module, each the string group for providing tandem voltage is provided with phase Mutual concatenated multiple photovoltaic modulies, it is characterised in that：

Each photovoltaic module is each equipped with one and is used to execute the electric pressure converter of maximum power point tracking and is converted by voltage Device exports the photovoltaic module and implements the voltage after voltage conversion；

Wherein：

When difference between the output voltage and input voltage of electric pressure converter is more than preset value, electric pressure converter work is being dropped Pressure or the working condition of boosting；

When difference between the output voltage and input voltage of electric pressure converter is not higher than preset value, electric pressure converter work exists The working condition of buck.

2. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, which is characterized in that buck-boost type Electric pressure converter includes：It is coupled to photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes to capture the first and second input terminals of input voltage, and provides defeated First and second output ends of voltage out；

Wherein：

First, second switch of decompression converting circuit is connected between the first and second input terminals；

The third of voltage up converting circuit, the 4th switch are connected between the first and second output ends；

The second interconnection that the first connected interconnecting nodes of both first and second switches are connected with third and fourth switch the two saves Inductance is provided between point.

3. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 2 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

For driving the first driver of the first, second switch to include at least：The first of the first, second driving signal is generated respectively With the second output stage unit, the first and second driving signals are respectively used to the first and second switch of driving；

And

For driving the second driver of third, the 4th switch to include at least：Third, the third of fourth drive signal are generated respectively With the 4th output stage unit, the third and fourth driving signal is respectively used to the third and fourth switch of driving.

4. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 3 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

A pair of of efferent duct of first output stage unit is connected between the first bootstrapping node and the first interconnecting nodes, and first capacitor It is connected between the first bootstrapping node and the first interconnecting nodes；

A pair of of efferent duct of 4th output stage unit is connected between the second bootstrapping node and the second interconnecting nodes, and the second capacitor It is connected between the second bootstrapping node and the second interconnecting nodes；

First input end and/or the first output end are charged in unidirectional mode to the first and second bootstrapping nodes by diode；

And

Second and respective a pair of of the efferent duct of third output stage unit be connected between first input end and reference potential or go here and there It is associated between the first output end and reference potential.

5. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 4 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

Being greater than output voltage in input voltage causes the difference between them to force buck-boost type voltage to be converted more than preset value When device works in decompression mode：

Processor control the first and second driving signals that the first and second output stage units generate each other complementary signal to hand over It switchs to drive decompression converting circuit effective for connection first and second；

And in this stage

The third driving signal of processor control third output stage unit output persistently turns off third switch；With

Processor controls the upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the 4th output stage unit and connects and down tube cut-off, by filling for the second capacitor Piezoelectric voltage maintains fourth drive signal to be continuously turned on the 4th switch.

6. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 4 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

Being less than output voltage in input voltage causes the difference between them to force buck-boost type voltage to be converted more than preset value When device works in boost mode：

Processor control the third and fourth driving signal that the third and fourth output stage unit generates each other complementary signal to hand over It switchs to drive voltage up converting circuit effective for connection third and fourth；

And in this stage

Processor controls the upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the first output stage unit and connects and down tube cut-off, by filling for first capacitor Piezoelectric voltage maintains the first driving signal to be continuously turned on first switch；With

The second driving signal that processor controls the output of the second output stage unit persistently turns off second switch.

7. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 4 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

Difference between input voltage and output voltage forces buck-boost type electric pressure converter to work in liter not higher than preset value When the mixed mode of decompression：

And in this stage

Processor control the first and second driving signals that the first and second output stage units generate each other complementary signal to hand over It switchs to drive decompression converting circuit effective for connection first and second.

8. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 2 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

Each photovoltaic module is each equipped with the processor for driving its matched electric pressure converter；And

The synchronous running parameter for also monitoring the photovoltaic module of the processor of each photovoltaic module configuration, by each photovoltaic module Its running parameter is transferred to data collection terminal to realize that the photovoltaic module is monitored by the processor of configuration.

9. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, which is characterized in that more in string group A concatenated mode of photovoltaic module is that the corresponding a series of voltage converter of each is serially connected：

Wherein

The primary voltage provided with its unique corresponding photovoltaic module is received by any one electric pressure converter and by any One electric pressure converter output implements the voltage after voltage conversion with its unique corresponding photovoltaic module；Or

The primary voltage provided after one group of photovoltaic module parallel connection is received by the same electric pressure converter and is converted by the same voltage Device implements the voltage after voltage conversion after exporting one group of photovoltaic module parallel connection.

10. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 1 for photovoltaic module, which is characterized in that in string group Multiple concatenated modes of photovoltaic module are that a series of their corresponding power optimization circuits are serially connected：

The power supply that at least one set of photovoltaic module provides is received by the same power optimization circuit, which has and institute State the consistent multiple electric pressure converters of photovoltaic module quantity at least one set of photovoltaic module；

Wherein

In multiple electric pressure converters corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module：Each electric pressure converter is used to described Voltage conversion is individually performed in a corresponding battery component at least one set of photovoltaic module；And

Multiple electric pressure converters corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module are arranged to be connected in parallel, and export each Voltage is exported jointly in the output capacitance of a power optimization circuit corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module.

11. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 10 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

In multiple electric pressure converters corresponding at least one set photovoltaic module in power optimization circuit：

First, second output end of each electric pressure converter is then respectively coupled to and at least one set of photovoltaic module corresponding one The first end and second end of the output capacitance of a power optimization circuit.

12. the buck-boost type electric pressure converter according to claim 11 for photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that：

It is connected in series by the multistage power optimization circuit, the second end coupling of the output capacitance of any previous stage power optimization circuit Close the first end of the output capacitance of neighboring later stage power optimization circuit；

To which output capacitance their own when the multistage power optimization circuit is connected in series is serially connected, described in multistage The total voltage that power optimization circuit provides is equal to the superposition value of the voltage in their own output capacitance.

13. a kind of voltage modulated method based on the buck-boost type electric pressure converter described in claim 1 for photovoltaic module, It is characterized in that, the first, second switch of the decompression converting circuit among electric pressure converter is connected on its first and second input Between end, the third of the voltage up converting circuit among electric pressure converter, the 4th switch be connected on its first and second output end it Between, and the second interconnection that the first connected interconnecting nodes of both first and second switches are connected with third and fourth switch the two saves Inductance is provided between point and each buck-boost type electric pressure converter is also configured with a control decompression converting circuit and liter The processor of voltage conversion circuit execution voltage modulated；

The voltage modulated method includes：

The difference between them is caused to be more than preset value when input voltage is greater than output voltage, then processor control buck-boost type electricity Pressure converter works in decompression mode to execute maximum power point tracking；

The difference between them is caused to be more than preset value when input voltage is less than output voltage, then processor control buck-boost type electricity Pressure converter works in boost mode to execute maximum power point tracking；

When the difference between input voltage and output voltage is not higher than preset value, then processor controls buck-boost type electric pressure converter The mixed mode of buck is worked in execute maximum power point tracking；

Wherein：

Processor is switched using the first, second of the first driver driving decompression converting circuit, and the first driver is included in processing The first and second output stage units of the first, second driving signal, the first and second driving signals are generated under the triggering of device respectively It is respectively used to the first and second switch of driving；And

Processor drives the third of voltage up converting circuit, the 4th switch using the second driver, and the second driver is included in processing The third and fourth output stage unit of third, fourth drive signal, the third and fourth driving signal are generated under the triggering of device respectively It is respectively used to the third and fourth switch of driving.

14. according to the method for claim 13, it is characterised in that：

Second and respective a pair of of the efferent duct of third output stage unit be connected between first input end and reference potential either It is connected between the first output end and reference potential；

Wherein, by diode in the way of unidirectionally charging from first input end and/or the first output end to first and second from Lift node charging.

15. according to the method for claim 14, which is characterized in that described in the case where electric pressure converter works in decompression mode Voltage modulated method further includes：

Processor control the first and second output stage units output each other complementary signal the first and second driving signals to The first and second switches are alternately connected in each step-down switching period；And

The third driving signal of processor control third output stage unit output persistently turns off third switch；

Processor controls the upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the 4th output stage unit and connects and down tube cut-off, by fourth drive signal Current potential clamp down on the second capacitor charging voltage thereby by fourth drive signal be continuously turned on the 4th switch.

16. according to the method for claim 14, which is characterized in that described in the case where electric pressure converter works in boost mode Voltage modulated method further includes：

Processor control the third and fourth output stage unit output each other complementary signal the third and fourth driving signal to The third and fourth switch is alternately connected in each boosted switch period；And

The second driving signal that processor controls the output of the second output stage unit persistently turns off second switch；

Processor controls the upper tube in a pair of of efferent duct of the first output stage unit and connects and down tube cut-off, by the first driving signal Current potential clamp down on the charging voltage in first capacitor first switch be thereby continuously turned on by the first driving signal.

17. according to the method for claim 14, which is characterized in that the institute under the mode that electric pressure converter works in buck The voltage modulated method stated further includes：

Processor control the first and second output stage units output each other complementary signal the first and second driving signals to The first and second switches are alternately connected in each step-down switching period.