CN108879999B - Reactance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system - Google Patents

Reactance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108879999B
CN108879999B CN201810888721.9A CN201810888721A CN108879999B CN 108879999 B CN108879999 B CN 108879999B CN 201810888721 A CN201810888721 A CN 201810888721A CN 108879999 B CN108879999 B CN 108879999B
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resistor
circuit
triode
relay
power supply
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CN108879999A (en
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汝玉星
吴宗霖
张飞
田小建
吕向南
高铭萱
高鹏彪
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an electric reactance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system, which belongs to the technical field of electronic technology and is structurally provided with an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit (1), a high-frequency inverter circuit (2), an inductance compensation circuit (3), a switch control circuit (4), a single chip microcomputer (5), an amplitude detection circuit (6) and an analog-digital conversion circuit (7). The invention has the advantages of wide load application range, high transmission efficiency, flexible use, high system stability and reliability and the like.

Description

Reactance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic technology. In particular to an impedance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system.
Background
After the electric power enters human life, the electric wire is almost ubiquitous as a medium for transmitting the electric energy, and brings great convenience for daily life of people. However, the wired energy transmission mode is limited by space occupation and potential safety hazards brought by contact of electric equipment. The wireless energy transmission system has no direct electrical connection, can realize energy supply without space limitation of wireless equipment, and has the advantages of no plug-in link, no exposed conductor, no electric leakage and no electric shock hazard and the like. Wireless power transmission is, of course, increasingly playing an important role in charging or powering electrical devices such as electric vehicles, mobile phones, tablet computers, biomedicine, and the like.
In the wireless charging technology, the magnetic coupling resonance mode has been widely focused on due to its advantages of high transmission efficiency, high power, convenient structure, and the like. The principle is that the 220V/50Hz commercial power is rectified into direct current stabilized voltage, then the direct current stabilized voltage is inverted into 50kHz high-frequency alternating current by a high-frequency inverter circuit, a transmitting coil (in an inductive state) is matched with a proper capacitor for frequency-selective resonance, electric energy is converted into magnetic energy, then the receiving coil receives the energy in a magnetic coupling resonance mode, and finally the energy received by the coil is converted into constant voltage or constant current by a subsequent rectifying and filtering circuit of the receiving coil to supply power for equipment at a receiving end or charge a storage battery. In order to ensure transmission efficiency and power, the above system requires that the primary loop in which the transmitting coil is located must be resonant and the secondary loop in which the receiving coil is located must be resonant. It is known that when a transmitting coil and a receiving coil are coupled, a secondary loop has an effect on a primary loop, and the effect can be equivalent to connecting a reflecting impedance in series in the primary loop, wherein the reflecting impedance includes a reflecting resistance and a reflecting reactance, and the reflecting reactance (inductive or capacitive) has a serious effect on the resonance degree of the primary loop, so that the parameter effect of the receiving system must be considered when designing the transmitting system.
The existing magnetic coupling resonance wireless transmission system is generally designed for a fixed receiving loop, once the parameters of the receiving loop change, the equivalent reflected impedance of the receiving loop also changes in a transmitting loop, the original resonance state of the transmitting loop is destroyed, and the phenomenon of detuning occurs, so that the important parameters of the transmitting loop, such as current, power, efficiency and the like, rapidly deteriorate. In fact, even in the same type of electric equipment, the receiving circuit has different parameters due to different product models and manufacturers, so that the compatibility of the existing wireless energy transmission system generally has the problem of poor compatibility, and one transmitting system can only provide energy transmission for the same fixed-model product.
In summary, in order to widen the application range of different electric products, improve the compatibility of the system, and ensure the transmission efficiency of the system, the existing wireless energy transmission system needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an impedance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system aiming at the defects in the prior art. The system can automatically adjust the parameters of the transmitting loop according to the difference of the receiving loop so as to achieve the purposes of automatically matching different loads and improving the transmission efficiency.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an adaptive-reactance wireless energy emission system is structurally provided with an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1, a high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and a single chip microcomputer 5, and is characterized in that the adaptive-reactance wireless energy emission system is structurally provided with an inductance compensation circuit 3, a switch control circuit 4, an amplitude detection circuit 6 and an analog-digital conversion circuit 7; the input end of the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1 is connected with a mains supply, the output end of the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1 is connected with the power supply input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, the sampling output end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is connected with the input end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, the output end of the amplitude detection circuit 6 is connected with the input end of the analog-digital conversion circuit 7, the output end of the analog-digital conversion circuit 7 is connected with the single chip microcomputer 5, the single chip microcomputer 5 is also connected with the control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and the input end of the switch control circuit 4 respectively, the output end of the switch control circuit 4 is connected with the input end of the inductance compensation circuit 3 and the enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit 6 respectively, and the output end of the inductance compensation circuit 3 is connected with the compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2;
the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is structurally characterized in that the anode of a diode D1 is connected with a +12V power supply, the cathode of a diode D1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, the emitter of a triode Q1 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with the base of a triode Q1 and the collector of a triode Q2, the base of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the emitter of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of a resistor R3 is used as a first control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as an MCU-in1 port and is connected with a single chip microcomputer 5, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the base of a triode Q3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of a resistor R4 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C1, the collector of a triode Q3, the collector of a zener diode D3, A drain electrode of a field effect transistor Q8, one end of an inductor L and a source electrode of a field effect transistor Q4 are connected, an emitter electrode of a triode Q3 is connected with a cathode of a diode D2, a cathode of a zener diode D3 and a grid electrode of a field effect transistor Q4, a drain electrode of a field effect transistor Q4 is connected with a drain electrode of a field effect transistor Q9 and serves as a power supply input end of a high-frequency inverter circuit 2, which is marked as a port Vs-in and is connected with a direct current voltage output end of an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1, a grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q8 is connected with one end of a resistor R8 and a collector electrode of a triode Q7, the other end of a resistor R8 is connected with a collector electrode of the triode Q5, an emitter electrode of the triode Q5 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and a +12V direct current power supply, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a base electrode of the triode Q5 and a collector electrode of the triode Q6, a base electrode of a resistor Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a +5V power supply, an emitter of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a resistor R9, the resistor R7 serves as a second control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port MCU-in2 and is connected with the singlechip 5, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a base of a triode Q7, an emitter of the triode Q7 is connected with a source of a field-effect tube Q8, a source of Q13 and an emitter of Q14 and serves as a sampling output end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as Rs-out and is connected with a port Rs-in of the amplitude detection circuit 6, the other end of the inductor L is connected with one end of a capacitor Cs1, the other end of the capacitor Cs1 is connected with one end of a capacitor Cs2, the other end of the capacitor Cs2 serves as a compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port Ladj-in1 and is connected with a port Ladj-1 of the inductor compensation circuit 3, a drain of the field-effect tube Q13, a drain of the field-effect tube Q9, An anode of a voltage-stabilizing diode D4, a collector of a transistor Q10, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a capacitor C2 are connected as another compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, which is denoted as a port Ladj-in2, the port is connected with a port Ladj-out2 of the inductance compensation circuit 3, a gate of a field effect transistor Q9 is connected with a cathode of a voltage-stabilizing diode D4, an emitter of a transistor Q10 and a cathode of a diode D5, a base of the transistor Q10 is connected with the other end of a resistor R10, an anode of a diode D5 and a collector of a transistor Q11, an emitter of the transistor Q11 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R11 and a cathode of the diode D6, an anode of the diode D6 is connected with a +12V DC power supply, a base of a transistor Q11 is connected with the other end of a resistor R11 and a collector of the transistor Q12, a base of the transistor Q12 is connected with one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, an emitter of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is used as a third control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, is marked as a port MCU-in3 and is connected with the singlechip 5; the grid of a field effect transistor Q13 is connected with one end of a resistor R14 and the collector of a triode Q14, the base of the triode Q14 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with one end of a resistor R17, the base of the triode Q14 is used as the fourth control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port MCU-in4 and connected with the single chip microcomputer 5, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with the collector of a triode Q15, the emitter of the triode Q15 is connected with one end of a resistor R16 and a +12V direct-current power supply, the base of the triode Q15 is connected with the other end of a resistor R16 and the collector of the triode Q16, the emitter of the triode Q16 is connected with the other end of a resistor R17, the base of the triode Q16 is connected with one end of a resistor R18, and the other end of a resistor R18 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply;
the structure of the amplitude detection circuit 6 is that one end of a resistor Rs is connected with a movable contact of a relay Ks and a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, is used as one input end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, is marked as a port Rs-in, and is connected with a port Rs-out of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2; the other end of the resistor Rs is grounded with a static contact of the relay Ks, one end of the relay coil is grounded, and the other end of the relay coil is used as an enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, is recorded as a port Rins and is connected with an output port Rout of a ninth relay drive circuit in the switch control circuit 4; the positive power input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R20, one end of a resistor R22 and one end of a resistor R23, the other end of a resistor R20 is connected with one end of a resistor R21, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U2 and one end of a resistor R19, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the other end of a resistor R22 and the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the resistor R19 is grounded, the positive power input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, and the non-phase input end of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded; the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R23 and one end of the resistor R24; the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3, the positive power supply input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power supply input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with one end of the resistor R25, one end of the resistor R26 is connected with the anode of the diode D7, the other end of the resistor R25 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R27 and the cathode of the diode D8, and the output end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, which is marked as a port Amp-out, is connected with the analog signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 7; the other end of the capacitor C3 and the other end of the resistor R27 are grounded, and the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7 and the output end of the operational amplifier U3;
the inductance compensation circuit 3 has a structure that one end of each coil of the relays K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 and K8 is grounded, the other end of each coil is used as eight input ends of the inductance compensation circuit 3, which are sequentially marked as ports Rin1, Rin2, Rin3, Rin4, Rin5, Rin6, Rin7 and Rin8, and are respectively connected with eight output ends of first to eighth relay driving circuits in the switch control circuit 4, one ends of the inductors L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 are connected with one end of the inductor L6 and the movable contact of the relay K5, the other ends of the inductors L2, L2 and L2 are sequentially connected with the movable contacts of the relays K2, K2 and K2, the other ends of the inductors L2, the relays K2 and the other ends of the inductors L2, the high frequency compensation circuit and the corresponding ports Ladj 2, Ladj 2 are connected with one high frequency compensation ports Ladj-Ladj 2, Ladj 3, the other end of the inductor L6 is connected with one end of an inductor L7, a fixed contact of a relay K5 and a movable contact of a relay K6, the other end of the inductor L7 is connected with one end of an inductor L8, a fixed contact of a relay K6 and a movable contact of a relay K7, the other end of the inductor L8 is connected with one end of an inductor L9, a fixed contact of a relay K7 and a movable contact of a relay K8, the other end of the inductor L9 is connected with a fixed contact of a relay K8, and the other end of the inductor L9 serves as the other output end of the inductor compensation circuit 3, is recorded as a port Ladj-out2 and is connected with a port Rs-out1 of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2;
the switch control circuit 4 is composed of 9 relay drive circuits from the first relay drive circuit to the ninth relay drive circuit, wherein the output ends of the first relay drive circuit to the eighth relay drive circuit are respectively connected with eight input ends of the inductance compensation circuit 3, the output end of the ninth relay drive circuit is connected with the enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, and the input ends of the first relay drive circuit to the ninth relay drive circuit are respectively connected with nine different I/O ports of the singlechip 5;
the first relay driving circuit to the ninth relay driving circuit are identical in structure, and the specific structure is that one end of a resistor R28 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the other end of the resistor R28 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode in an optocoupler U4, the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler U4 is used as the input end of the relay driving circuit, is recorded as a port MCU-in and is connected with the singlechip 5; the emitter of a phototriode in the optocoupler U4 is grounded, the collector of the phototriode is connected with one end of a resistor R29 and one end of a resistor R30, the other end of the resistor R29 is connected with a +12V power supply, the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with the base of a triode Q17, the emitter of a triode Q17 is connected with the +12V power supply, the collector of the phototriode is connected with the cathode of a diode D9 and serves as the output end of a relay drive circuit and is recorded as a port Rout, and the anode of the diode D9 is grounded.
In the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, the inductance L preferably takes 285uH and the withstand voltage 400V, and the capacitance Cs1 and the capacitance Cs2 preferably take 51nF and 110nF, and the withstand voltage 400V, respectively;
in the amplitude detection circuit 6, the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rs is preferably 1 ohm.
In the inductance compensation circuit 3, the value of each inductance is preferably set as follows, inductance L1: 1uH, inductance L2: 250nH, inductance L3: 670nH, inductance L4: 1.5uH, inductance L5: 4uH, inductance L6 and inductance L7: 1uH, inductance L8: 2uH, inductance L9: 5 uH;
the ac-dc conversion circuit 1 is a circuit capable of converting 220V commercial power into dc voltage and outputting the dc voltage, and preferably outputs the dc voltage of 200V.
The analog-to-digital conversion circuit 7 is a circuit that can convert an analog signal into a digital signal, which is a conventional technique.
The reactance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention judges the resonance degree of the system to the load through amplitude detection, and further automatically adjusts the compensating reactance, so that the system can keep real-time resonance when transmitting energy to different receiving circuits, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of the system and the application range of the system to the load.
2. The invention adopts special driving design for the power tube in the high-frequency inverter circuit, reduces energy loss in the conversion process and can improve the power and efficiency of the whole system.
3. In the inductance compensation circuit, the inductance compensation network is skillfully designed, and a small number of components are used for realizing the selection of various inductance values.
4. In the relay driving circuit, the optical coupling is adopted to isolate the singlechip from the main loop, so that the signal electricity and the power electricity of the system are not influenced mutually, and the stability and the reliability of the system are improved.
5. The invention carries out high impedance difference processing on the input end of the amplitude detection circuit, and reduces the influence of the amplitude detection circuit on the main bridge.
6. The invention designs the enabling control function for the sampling resistor and the amplitude detection circuit, and can separate the sampling resistor and the amplitude detection circuit from the main loop after the initialization is completed, thereby reducing the influence of the sampling resistor on the main loop in the charging process and further improving the efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the switch control circuit 4.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the amplitude detection circuit 6.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the inductance compensation circuit 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a relay.
Detailed Description
The working principle of the present invention is further explained by the following specific embodiments, and the parameters selected by the elements in the following embodiments are as follows:
EXAMPLE 1 Overall Structure of the invention
The overall structure of the invention is shown in figure 1, and comprises an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1, a high-frequency inverter circuit 2, an inductance compensation circuit 3, a switch control circuit 4, a singlechip 5, an amplitude detection circuit 6 and an analog-digital conversion circuit 7; the input end of the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1 is connected with a mains supply, the output end of the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1 is connected with the power input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, the sampling output end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is connected with the input end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, the output end of the amplitude detection circuit 6 is connected with the input end of the analog-digital conversion circuit 7, the output end of the analog-digital conversion circuit 7 is connected with the single chip microcomputer 5, the single chip microcomputer 5 is further connected with the control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and the input end of the switch control circuit 4 respectively, the output end of the switch control circuit 4 is connected with the input end of the inductance compensation circuit 3 and the enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit 6 respectively, and the output end of the inductance compensation circuit 3 is connected with the compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2.
Embodiment 2 high frequency inverter circuit of the present invention
The structure of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 adopted in the invention is shown in fig. 3, the structure of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 is that the anode of a diode D1 is connected with a +12V power supply, the cathode of a diode D1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, the emitter of a triode Q1 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with the base of a triode Q1 and the collector of a triode Q2, the base of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the emitter of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of a resistor R3 is used as a first control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port MCU-in1 and is connected with a singlechip 5, the collector of a triode Q1 is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the base of a resistor Q3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of a resistor R4 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C1, The collector of a triode Q3, the anode of a zener diode D3, the drain of a field effect transistor Q8, one end of an inductor L and the source of a field effect transistor Q4 are connected, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, the cathode of a zener diode D3 and the gate of a field effect transistor Q4, the drain of the field effect transistor Q4 is connected with the drain of a field effect transistor Q9 and serves as the power input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, which is marked as a port Vs-in, and is connected with the DC voltage output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit 1, the gate of the field effect transistor Q8 is connected with one end of a resistor R8 and the collector of the triode Q7, the other end of a resistor R8 is connected with the collector of the triode Q5, the emitter of the triode Q5 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and a +12V DC power supply, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the base of a triode Q5 and the collector of a triode Q6, the base of a resistor Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with a +5V power supply, the emitter of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a resistor R9, the resistor R7 is used as a second control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port MCU-in2 and connected with the singlechip 5, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the base of the triode Q7, the emitter of the triode Q7 is connected with the source of a field-effect tube Q8, the source of the Q13 and the emitter of the Q14, the emitter is used as a sampling output end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as Rs-out and connected with a port Rs-in of the amplitude detection circuit 6, the other end of an inductor L is connected with one end of a capacitor Cs1, the other end of a capacitor Cs1 is connected with one end of a capacitor Cs2, the other end of the capacitor Cs2 is used as a compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port Ladj-in1 and is connected with a port Ladj-out1 of the inductor compensation circuit 3, the drain of the field effect transistor Q13 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q9, the anode of the zener diode D4, the collector of the transistor Q10, one end of the resistor R10 and one end of the capacitor C2, as another compensation input end of the high frequency inverter circuit 2, which is denoted as port Ladj-in2, which is connected to the port Ladj-out2 of the inductance compensation circuit 3, the gate of the field effect transistor Q9 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode D4, the emitter of the transistor Q10 and the cathode of the diode D5, the base of the transistor Q10 is connected to the other end of the resistor R10, the anode of the diode D5 and the collector of the transistor Q11, the emitter of the transistor Q11 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R11 and the cathode of the diode D6, the anode of the diode D6 is connected to a +12V dc power supply, the base of the transistor Q11 is connected to the other end of the resistor R11 and the collector of the transistor Q12, the base electrode of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the emitter electrode of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 serves as a third control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2, is marked as a port MCU-in3 and is connected with the single chip microcomputer 5; the grid of the field effect transistor Q13 is connected with one end of a resistor R14 and the collector of a triode Q14, the base of the triode Q14 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with one end of a resistor R17, the base of the triode Q14 is used as the fourth control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 and is marked as a port MCU-in4 and connected with the single chip microcomputer 5, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with the collector of a triode Q15, the emitter of the triode Q15 is connected with one end of a resistor R16 and a +12V direct-current power supply, the base of the triode Q15 is connected with the other end of a resistor R16 and the collector of the triode Q16, the emitter of the triode Q16 is connected with the other end of a resistor R17, the base of the triode Q16 is connected with one end of a resistor R18, and the other end of a resistor R18 is connected with the +5V direct-current power supply.
In the structure, 4 field effect transistors Q4, Q8, Q9 and Q13 form an inverter bridge for inverting a direct current signal output by the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 1 into a high-frequency alternating current signal and providing energy for a transmitting coil (namely an inductor L in the figure), and a grid electrode of each field effect transistor also adopts a specially designed driving circuit, so that energy attenuation in the conversion process can be reduced, and the system can be ensured to achieve high output power and efficiency.
Embodiment 3 amplitude detection circuit of the present invention
The principle circuit of the amplitude detection circuit 6 of the invention is shown in fig. 4, one end of a resistor Rs is connected with a movable contact of a relay Ks and a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, and is used as one input end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, marked as a port Rs-in and connected with a port Rs-out of a high-frequency inverter circuit 2; the other end of the resistor Rs is grounded with a static contact of the relay Ks, one end of the relay coil is grounded, and the other end of the relay coil is used as an enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, is recorded as a port Rins and is connected with an output port Rout of a ninth relay drive circuit in the switch control circuit 4; the positive power input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R20, one end of a resistor R22 and one end of a resistor R23, the other end of a resistor R20 is connected with one end of a resistor R21, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U2 and one end of a resistor R19, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the other end of a resistor R22 and the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the resistor R19 is grounded, the positive power input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, and the non-phase input end of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded; the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R23 and one end of the resistor R24; the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3, the positive power supply input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power supply input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with one end of the resistor R25, one end of the resistor R26 is connected with the anode of the diode D7, the other end of the resistor R25 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R27 and the cathode of the diode D8, and the output end of the amplitude detection circuit 6, which is marked as a port Amp-out, is connected with the analog signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 7; the other end of the capacitor C3 and the other end of the resistor R27 are grounded, and the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7 and the output end of the operational amplifier U3;
the detection circuit is used for detecting the amplitude of alternating voltage at two ends of the sampling resistor Rs, and the detection result is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 7 at the later stage and then sent to the singlechip 5 for storage. The sampling resistor Rs is a high-power and small-resistance precision resistor, and can ensure that excessive energy is not consumed in the sampling process. In order to reduce the influence of the amplitude detection circuit 6 on the main bridge in the high-frequency inverter circuit 2 to the maximum extent, the invention adopts high-impedance differential processing at the input end of the amplitude detection circuit 6. The amplitude detection circuit adopts a double-diode active peak detection structure, so that the output direct current voltage is closer to the peak value of the input alternating current voltage, and the detection precision is effectively improved. Meanwhile, in order to make the use of the invention more flexible, the amplitude detection circuit 6 also utilizes the relay Ks to realize the enabling control function, in the system initialization stage, in order to detect the resonance condition of the transmitting loop, the switch of the relay Ks can be disconnected, the sampling resistor Rs is effective, the amplitude detection circuit 6 carries out detection, after the initialization is completed, the system starts to normally work after selecting proper compensation inductance according to the detection result, because the detection is not needed, the switch of the relay Ks is closed, the sampling resistor Rs and the subsequent amplitude detection circuit 6 are short-circuited together, so that the sampling resistor continuously consumes energy in the working process is avoided, and the transmission efficiency of the system is further improved.
Embodiment 4 inductance compensation circuit of the invention
Wherein, the structure of the inductance compensation circuit 3 is shown in fig. 5, one end of the coils of the relays K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 and K8 are all grounded, the other end is used as eight input ends of the inductance compensation circuit 3, which are sequentially marked as ports Rin1, Rin2, Rin3, Rin4, Rin5, Rin6, Rin7 and Rin8, and are respectively connected with eight output ends of the first to eighth relay driving circuits in the switch control circuit 4, one ends of the inductors L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 are connected with one end of the inductor L6 and the movable contact of the relay K5, the other ends of the inductors L2, L2 and L2 are sequentially connected with the movable contacts of the relays K2 and K2, the other ends of the inductors L2 and the inductors L2 are connected with the fixed contacts of the high frequency compensation circuits lak 2, lak 36d 2, and lak 36d 2 are connected with the output ends of the high frequency compensation circuits, the other end of the inductor L6 is connected with one end of an inductor L7, a fixed contact of a relay K5 and a movable contact of a relay K6, the other end of the inductor L7 is connected with one end of an inductor L8, a fixed contact of a relay K6 and a movable contact of a relay K7, the other end of the inductor L8 is connected with one end of an inductor L9, a fixed contact of a relay K7 and a movable contact of a relay K8, the other end of the inductor L9 is connected with a fixed contact of a relay K8, and the other end of the inductor L9 serves as the other output end of the inductor compensation circuit 3, is recorded as a port Ladj-out2 and is connected with a port Rs-out1 of the high-frequency inverter circuit 2; the circuit realizes that the total inductance value takes 0.2uH as an interval and changes from 0.2uH to 10uH by selectively connecting different inductors, and a small number of elements provide 50 optional compensation inductors for the high-frequency inverter circuit 2. The load adaptation range of the invention is greatly widened.
Embodiment 5 switch control circuit of the invention
As shown in fig. 2, the switch control circuit 4 of the present invention is composed of 9 relay driving circuits, namely, a first relay driving circuit to a ninth relay driving circuit, wherein output terminals of the first relay driving circuit to the eighth relay driving circuit are respectively connected to eight input terminals of the inductance compensation circuit 3, an output terminal of the ninth relay driving circuit is connected to an enable control terminal of the amplitude detection circuit 6, and input terminals of the first relay driving circuit to the ninth relay driving circuit are respectively connected to nine different I/O ports of the single chip microcomputer 5;
the switch control circuit 4 is used for controlling the driving of the switches of the relays in the amplitude detection circuit 6 and the inductance compensation circuit 3 under the control of the single chip microcomputer so as to select or shield different inductances and control whether the amplitude detection circuit 6 works or not. All the relay driving circuits have the same structure, as shown in fig. 6, one end of a resistor R28 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the other end of the resistor R28 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode in an optocoupler U4, and the cathode of the light emitting diode in the optocoupler U4 is used as the input end of the relay driving circuit, is marked as a port MCU-in, and is connected with the single chip microcomputer 5; the emitter of a phototriode in the optocoupler U4 is grounded, the collector of the phototriode is connected with one end of a resistor R29 and one end of a resistor R30, the other end of the resistor R29 is connected with a +12V power supply, the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with the base of a triode Q17, the emitter of a triode Q17 is connected with the +12V power supply, the collector of the phototriode is connected with the cathode of a diode D9 and serves as the output end of a relay drive circuit and is recorded as a port Rout, and the anode of the diode D9 is grounded. The drive circuit adopts the optical coupler to isolate between the single chip microcomputer 5 and the relay, and effectively prevents the influence of large current in a relay coil or a high-frequency inverter circuit 2 on the single chip microcomputer 5.
Example 5 working principle of the invention
The working principle and the working process of the invention are further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-6 as follows: before the system of the invention utilizes a transmitting coil (namely an inductance L in a high-frequency inverter circuit 2) to transmit energy to a receiving coil (positioned in a receiving circuit needing to receive energy, not shown in the figure), an initialization process is firstly carried out, a singlechip 5 controls an inductance compensation circuit 3 through a switch control circuit 4, a compensation inductance is selected to be connected into a main circuit, the compensation inductance is superposed with the inductance L of the transmitting coil to form a total inductance, the circuit is tried to be resonant, an amplitude detection circuit 6 detects the alternating voltage amplitude at two ends of a sampling resistor Rs and is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 7 to be sent into the singlechip 5 for storage, then the singlechip 5 controls the inductance compensation circuit 3 to change the value of the compensation inductance, the process is repeated, and after all compensation inductances with different values are tried, the singlechip 5 compares all amplitude detection results, to determine the optimal compensation scheme (which may be different when the receiving loops at the receiving end are different). After the initialization process is completed, the singlechip 5 selects the optimal compensation inductor and connects the optimal compensation inductor to the main loop, and controls the relay Ks in the amplitude detection circuit 6 to close the switch, so that the sampling resistor Rs and the amplitude detection circuit 6 are separated from the resonant loop, and then energy is transmitted to the receiving end. The initialization process enables the transmitting loop to be in a resonance state when the system transmits energy to different receiving loops, and can effectively ensure that high transmission power and efficiency can be achieved under different loads.

Claims (4)

1. An adaptive-reactance wireless energy emission system is structurally provided with an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit (1), a high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and a single chip microcomputer (5), and is characterized by further comprising an inductance compensation circuit (3), a switch control circuit (4), an amplitude detection circuit (6) and an analog-digital conversion circuit (7); the input end of the AC-DC conversion circuit (1) is connected with a commercial power, the output end of the AC-DC conversion circuit (1) is connected with the power input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2), the sampling output end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) is connected with the input end of the amplitude detection circuit (6), the output end of the amplitude detection circuit (6) is connected with the input end of the analog-digital conversion circuit (7), the output end of the analog-digital conversion circuit (7) is connected with the singlechip (5), the singlechip (5) is also respectively connected with the control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and the input end of the switch control circuit (4), the output end of the switch control circuit (4) is respectively connected with the input end of the inductance compensation circuit (3), the enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit (6) is connected, and the output end of the inductance compensation circuit (3) is connected with the compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2);
the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) is structurally characterized in that the anode of a diode D1 is connected with a +12V power supply, the cathode of a diode D1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, the emitter of a triode Q1 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with the base of a triode Q1 and the collector of a triode Q2, the base of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the emitter of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of a resistor R3 is used as a first control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and is recorded as a port MCU-in1 and connected with a single chip microcomputer (5), the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the base of a transistor Q3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of a resistor R4 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C1, the collector of a triode Q3, the anode of a zener diode D3, The drain electrode of a field effect transistor Q8, one end of an inductor L and the source electrode of a field effect transistor Q4 are connected, the emitter electrode of a triode Q3 is connected with the cathode of a diode D2, the cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode D3 and the grid electrode of a field effect transistor Q4, the drain electrode of a field effect transistor Q4 is connected with the drain electrode of a field effect transistor Q9 and is used as the power supply input end of a high-frequency inverter circuit (2) which is marked as a port Vs-in and is connected with the direct current voltage output end of an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit (1), the grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q8 is connected with one end of a resistor R8 and the collector electrode of a triode Q7, the other end of a resistor R8 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q5, the emitter electrode of a triode Q5 is connected with one end of the resistor R5 and a +12V direct current power supply, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q5 and the collector electrode of a triode Q6, the base electrode of a triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R6, the other end of a resistor R6 is connected with a +5V power supply, an emitter of a triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of a resistor R7 is connected with one end of a resistor R9, the resistor R7 is used as a second control input end of a high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and is marked as a port MCU-in2 to be connected with a single chip microcomputer (5), the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a base of a triode Q7, an emitter of a triode Q7 is connected with a source of a field-effect tube Q8, a source of a Q13 and an emitter of a Q14 to be used as a sampling output end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and is marked as Rs-out to be connected with a port Rs-in of an amplitude detection circuit (6), the other end of an inductor L is connected with one end of a capacitor Cs1, the other end of the capacitor Cs1 is connected with one end of a capacitor Cs2, the other end of the capacitor Cs2 is used as a compensation input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) and is marked as a port Ladj-in1 to be connected with a port Ladj-1 of an inductor compensation circuit (3), the drain of the field effect transistor Q13 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor Q9, the anode of the zener diode D4, the collector of the transistor Q10, one end of the resistor R10 and one end of the capacitor C2, as another compensation input end of the high frequency inverter circuit (2), which is denoted as a port Ladj-in2, which is connected to the port Ladj-out2 of the inductance compensation circuit (3), the gate of the field effect transistor Q9 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode D4, the emitter of the transistor Q10 and the cathode of the diode D5, the base of the transistor Q10 is connected to the other end of the resistor R10, the anode of the diode D5 and the collector of the transistor Q11, the emitter of the transistor Q11 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, one end of the resistor R11 and the cathode of the diode D6, the anode of the diode D6 is connected to a +12V dc power supply, the base of the transistor Q11 is connected to the other end of the resistor R11 and the collector of the transistor Q12, the base electrode of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the emitting electrode of the triode Q12 is connected with one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 serves as a third control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2), is recorded as a port MCU-in3 and is connected with the single chip microcomputer (5); the grid of a field effect transistor Q13 is connected with one end of a resistor R14 and the collector of a triode Q14, the base of the triode Q14 is connected with one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with one end of a resistor R17, the fourth control input end of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2) is recorded as a port MCU-in4 and is connected with a single chip microcomputer (5), the other end of a resistor R14 is connected with the collector of a triode Q15, the emitter of a triode Q15 is connected with one end of a resistor R16 and a +12V direct-current power supply, the base of a triode Q15 is connected with the other end of a resistor R16 and the collector of a triode Q16, the emitter of a triode Q16 is connected with the other end of a resistor R17, the base of a triode Q16 is connected with one end of a resistor R18, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply;
the amplitude detection circuit (6) is structurally characterized in that one end of a resistor Rs is connected with a movable contact of a relay Ks and a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1, serves as one input end of the amplitude detection circuit (6), is marked as a port Rs-in, and is connected with a port Rs-out of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2); the other end of the resistor Rs is grounded with a static contact of the relay Ks, one end of the relay coil is grounded, and the other end of the relay coil is used as an enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit (6), is recorded as a port Rins and is connected with an output port Rout of a ninth relay drive circuit in the switch control circuit (4); the positive power input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R20, one end of a resistor R22 and one end of a resistor R23, the other end of a resistor R20 is connected with one end of a resistor R21, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier U2 and one end of a resistor R19, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the other end of a resistor R22 and the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the other end of the resistor R19 is grounded, the positive power input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, and the non-phase input end of the operational amplifier U2 is grounded; the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with the other end of the resistor R23 and one end of the resistor R24; the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3, the positive power supply input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the negative power supply input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with a-5V direct-current power supply, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with one end of the resistor R25, one end of the resistor R26 is connected with the anode of the diode D7, the other end of the resistor R25 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R26 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R27 and the cathode of the diode D8, and the output end of the amplitude detection circuit (6), which is marked as a port Amp-out, is connected with the analog signal input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit (7); the other end of the capacitor C3 and the other end of the resistor R27 are grounded, and the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7 and the output end of the operational amplifier U3;
the inductance compensation circuit (3) is structured in such a way that one end of each of coils of relays K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 and K8 is grounded, the other end is used as eight input ends of the inductance compensation circuit (3), which are sequentially marked as ports Rin1, Rin2, Rin3, Rin4, Rin5, Rin6, Rin7 and Rin8, and are respectively connected with eight output ends of first to eighth relay driving circuits in a switch control circuit (4), one ends of inductors L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 are connected with one end of an inductor L6 and a movable contact of a relay K5, the other ends of inductors L2, L2 and L2, the other ends of the inductors L2 and L2 are sequentially connected with movable contacts of relays K2 and Ladj 2, the other ends of the inductors are connected with high-frequency compensation circuit (Ladj, and Ladj) are respectively connected with an output end of the inverter circuit 2 and are respectively marked as a high frequency compensation circuit 2 and a high frequency switch compensation circuit (2, Ladj) and a high frequency switch circuit 2, Ladj) and a high frequency switch circuit (2, Ladj) and a high frequency switch circuit 2, the other end of the inductor L6 is connected with one end of an inductor L7, a fixed contact of a relay K5 and a movable contact of a relay K6, the other end of the inductor L7 is connected with one end of an inductor L8, a fixed contact of a relay K6 and a movable contact of a relay K7, the other end of the inductor L8 is connected with one end of an inductor L9, a fixed contact of a relay K7 and a movable contact of a relay K8, the other end of the inductor L9 is connected with a fixed contact of a relay K8, and the other output end of the inductor compensation circuit (3) is recorded as a port Ladj-out2 and is connected with a port Rs-out1 of the high-frequency inverter circuit (2);
the switch control circuit (4) is composed of 9 relay drive circuits from the first relay drive circuit to the ninth relay drive circuit, wherein the output ends of the first relay drive circuit to the eighth relay drive circuit are respectively connected with eight input ends of the inductance compensation circuit (3), the output end of the ninth relay drive circuit is connected with the enabling control end of the amplitude detection circuit (6), and the input ends of the first relay drive circuit to the ninth relay drive circuit are respectively connected with nine different I/O ports of the singlechip (5);
the first relay driving circuit to the ninth relay driving circuit are identical in structure, and the specific structure is that one end of a resistor R28 is connected with a +5V direct-current power supply, the other end of the resistor R28 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode in an optocoupler U4, the cathode of the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler U4 is used as the input end of the relay driving circuit, is recorded as a port MCU-in and is connected with a singlechip (5); the emitter of a phototriode in the optocoupler U4 is grounded, the collector of the phototriode is connected with one end of a resistor R29 and one end of a resistor R30, the other end of the resistor R29 is connected with a +12V power supply, the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with the base of a triode Q17, the emitter of a triode Q17 is connected with the +12V power supply, the collector of the phototriode is connected with the cathode of a diode D9 and serves as the output end of a relay drive circuit and is recorded as a port Rout, and the anode of the diode D9 is grounded.
2. The reactance adaptive wireless energy transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the high frequency inverter circuit (2), the inductance L has a value of 285uH and a withstand voltage of 400V, and the capacitance Cs1 and the capacitance Cs2 have values of 51nF and 110nF, respectively, and a withstand voltage of 400V.
3. A reactance adaptive wireless energy transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the amplitude detection circuit (6), the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rs is 0.1 ohm.
4. The reactance adaptive wireless energy transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the inductance compensation circuit (3), each inductance has a value of inductance L1: 1uH, inductance L2: 250nH, inductance L3: 670nH, inductance L4: 1.5uH, inductance L5: 4uH, inductance L6 and inductance L7: 1uH, inductance L8: 2uH, inductance L9: 5 uH.
CN201810888721.9A 2018-08-07 2018-08-07 Reactance self-adaptive wireless energy transmitting system Expired - Fee Related CN108879999B (en)

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