CN108879078A - A kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna - Google Patents
A kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108879078A CN108879078A CN201810594626.8A CN201810594626A CN108879078A CN 108879078 A CN108879078 A CN 108879078A CN 201810594626 A CN201810594626 A CN 201810594626A CN 108879078 A CN108879078 A CN 108879078A
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- antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna provided by the invention, including feed section, TEM loudspeaker part and bow-tie antenna part, wherein, the front end of TEM loudspeaker part is arranged in feed section, bow-tie antenna part is welded in feed section, and the metal plate extending direction of TEM loudspeaker part and antenna axis are parallel to each other；The metal plate extending direction and antenna axis of bow-tie antenna part are orthogonal；The direction of end towards the bow-tie antenna part of TEM loudspeaker part is provided with bending part；The direction of the end of bow-tie antenna part towards TEM loudspeaker part is provided with bending part；Meanwhile gap is provided between the end bending part of TEM loudspeaker part and the end bending part of bow-tie antenna part；The design of the combined antenna enables the electromagnetic energy for discontinuously locating concussion in TEM loudspeaker end effectively to radiate, so that impulse radiating antennas be allow to work in lower frequency range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology fields, are related to a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna.
Background technique
TEM loudspeaker have broader bandwidth, directionality is good, and power capacity is big, colourless as common impulse radiating antennas
The advantages that dissipating phenomenon, and there is preferable time-domain signal fidelity, it is widely used in Ground Penetrating Radar field.But meanwhile TEM loudspeaker
The frequency of work is limited by its two arm lengths.Extend the length of TEM loudspeaker two-arm in lower frequency if worked
Degree, increases the size of antenna, this is TEM loudspeaker in the application of low frequency, and the miniaturization of TEM loudspeaker brings very big difficulty in other words
Topic.For impulse radiating antennas, people will use the lower detection system of frequency often to detect farther distance, and root
According to this TEM loudspeaker for needing to design, often figure Pang is necessarily large and bulky, and is unfavorable for installation and use on the move.
In addition TEM loudspeaker have that end reflection, end reflection can bring the hangover of time domain in practical applications, if
It trails too long, amplitude is excessive, just will affect the detection of the reflected signal of object in practical application, reduces detection system
Resolution ratio.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of assembled pulse radiating antennas, solve existing TEM loudspeaker and there is discomfort
For the defects of low frequency field.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna provided by the invention, including feed section, TEM loudspeaker part and bow-tie days
Line part, wherein the front end of TEM loudspeaker part is arranged in feed section, and bow-tie antenna part is welded in feed section,
And the metal plate extending direction and antenna axis of TEM loudspeaker part are parallel to each other；The metal plate extension side of bow-tie antenna part
To orthogonal with antenna axis；The direction of end towards the bow-tie antenna part of TEM loudspeaker part is provided with bending part
Point；The direction of the end of bow-tie antenna part towards TEM loudspeaker part is provided with bending part；Meanwhile TEM loudspeaker part
End bending part and bow-tie antenna part end bending part between be provided with gap.
Preferably, TEM loudspeaker part is consistent with the radiating phase center of bow-tie antenna part.
Preferably, along antenna axis direction, exponentially curve opens the metal plate of TEM loudspeaker part；Bow-tie antenna part
The metal board width divided changes linearly.
Preferably, the bending part of TEM loudspeaker part and bow-tie antenna part is parallel with antenna axis.
Preferably, the bending part of TEM loudspeaker part and the metal plate end of TEM loudspeaker part are orthogonal；bow-tie
The bending part of antenna part and the metal plate end of bow-tie antenna part are orthogonal；Meanwhile TEM loudspeaker part and
Pass through circular sliding slopes between the bending part and metal plate end of bow-tie antenna part.
Preferably, feed section includes coaxial fitting, dielectric-slab and feed mouth, wherein coaxial fitting is welded on dielectric-slab
One end, the other end of dielectric-slab be inserted in feed mouth at.
Preferably, copper is covered in the upper and lower end face of dielectric-slab.
Preferably, feed mouth includes the metal plate of two spring-like structures being placed in parallel, the spring-like structures metal
The bottom parallel-plate of plate is connect with TEM loudspeaker part, and is an integral structure；The top layer parallel-plate of spring-like structures metal plate with
Bow-tie antenna part is welded to connect.
Preferably, the bottom of spring-like structures metal plate be trapezoidal grading structure, the trapezium structure from TEM loudspeaker part
Bottom bending part of the junction to spring-like structures metal plate, tapered widths state.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
A kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna provided by the invention, the antenna is by parallel flat end with two kinds of different forms
It opens as basic structure, wherein the most basic model of TEM loudspeaker is formed at an angle by parallel flat waveguide end opening,
In order to which electric signal to be preferably radiated in air, sheet width will also be gradually increased with Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast area；When plate
The angle opened is gradually increased, and when rectangular with slab waveguide portion, is formed bow-tie antenna, also known as bow-tie neck
The bending structure of the end of knot antenna, bow-tie Bow―tie antenna and TEM loudspeaker extends current path, equivalent to increase day
The size of line, and then reduce by bending structure the working frequency of two strip antennas；Bow-tie Antenna Operation is in low frequency, and two days
The joint radiation of line compensates for the deficiency of TEM loudspeaker low frequency radiation, makes antenna in the radiation intensification of low frequency；With working frequency
It improves, the TEM loudspeaker of high directivity are increasingly becoming principal radiating section, and the poor bow-tie antenna of directionality is due to exceeding
Working frequency not re-radiation, so that the directionality of antenna entirety improves with frequency and enhanced；The design of the combined antenna so that
The electromagnetic energy that concussion is discontinuously located in TEM loudspeaker end can effectively be radiate, to make impulse radiating antennas can be with work
Make in lower frequency range.
Further, by circular sliding slopes between the bending part of antenna part and metal plate end, to reduce high frequency
When corner part structural mutation bring reflect.
Further, in the feed section of spring-like structures, the elastic force energy of the bending structure of parallel-plate above and below feed mouth
Enough guarantee the metal plate of antenna and well contacting for dielectric-slab, and certain capacitive is provided for mismachining tolerance.
It further, is vertical with antenna itself due to terminal extension part, and the electric current for reaching end is smaller, therefore
Prolongation substantially will not have an impact the forward radiation of combined antenna, and such extension not will cause the extra oscillation of time domain
And hangover.
Further, which has broken traditional TEM loudspeaker requirement axially and the electrical length of opening is at least at half
Limitation more than wavelength effectively reduces the size of antenna, reaches the requirement suitable for vehicle-mounted ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR detection system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is axonometric drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is right view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is feed mouth detail view；
Fig. 4 is feed section detail view；
Fig. 5 is the antenna S11 curve comparison of emulation with actual measurement；
Fig. 6 is the signal waveform gone out with 0~2GHz zeroth order Gaussian pulse active antenna, front probe induced；
Fig. 7 is the frequency spectrum that probe induced goes out signal；
Fig. 8 is the pulse peak peak change for the signal that the probe induced on antenna different directions goes out；
In figure, 1- feed section, 2-TEM loudspeaker radiation part, 3-bow-tie aerial radiation part, 101- coaxial fitting,
102- double-sided copper-clad dielectric-slab, 103- feed mouth.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna provided by the invention, including TEM loudspeaker part 2, bow-
Tie antenna part 3 and feed section 1, wherein the front end of TEM loudspeaker part 2 is arranged in feed section 1, and is integral type knot
Structure；Bow-tie antenna part 3 and feed section 1 are welded to connect, meanwhile, the metal plate and antenna axis of bow-tie antenna part 3
Line is orthogonal；The metal plate extending direction and antenna axis of TEM loudspeaker part 2 are parallel to each other, and gradually open along antenna axis
It opens.
Along antenna axis direction, exponentially curve opens the metal plate of TEM loudspeaker part 2, and its end is towards bow-tie
The direction of antenna part 3 is provided with bending part；The metal board width of bow-tie antenna part 3 changes linearly, and its end
The direction of TEM loudspeaker part 2 is provided with bending part；Meanwhile the end bending part and bow-tie of TEM loudspeaker part 2
Gap is provided between the end bending part of antenna part 3.
TEM loudspeaker part 2 and bow-tie antenna part 3 are opened in two forms respectively, their respective ends to they
Between gap do and extend, extension is parallel with antenna axis direction, and with TEM loudspeaker part 2 and bow-tie antenna part
The metal plate of 3 ends is vertical, meanwhile, corner's circular sliding slopes between extension and metal plate turn when reducing high frequency
The reflection of angle part structural mutation bring.
Two parts are in same level to the metal plate that centre extends, and reasonably adjust respective prolong according to working band
Elongation, and there are a gaps in centre.
The specific structure of feed section 1 is as shown in Fig. 4, and feed section 1 includes feed mouth 103, coaxial fitting 101 and is situated between
Scutum 102, wherein coaxial fitting 101 is welded on dielectric-slab 102, and dielectric-slab 102 is inserted at feed mouth 103.
Transition using the dielectric-slab of double-sided copper-clad as feed structure guarantees the stabilization of feed port structure.
The metal plate that mouth 103 includes two spring-like structures being placed in parallel is fed, the spring-like structures metal plate
Bottom parallel-plate is connect with TEM loudspeaker part 2, and is an integral structure；The top layer parallel-plate of spring-like structures metal plate with
Bow-tie antenna part 3 is welded to connect.
Specifically：Dielectric-slab 102 is inserted between the spring-like structures metal plate that two are placed in parallel.
In order to be matched with the coaxial fitting of 50 Ω, the parallel flat waveguide according to central filler medium of the width of dielectric-slab
Formula of impedance accurately calculate and can obtain, meanwhile, the elastic force of bending structure of feed mouth parallel-plate up and down can guarantee antenna
Metal plate is well contacted with dielectric-slab, and certain capacitive is provided for mismachining tolerance.
In order to realize the good transition from dielectric-slab to free space, by the bottom of the spring-like structures metal plate in the present invention
Layer is designed as trapezoidal grading structure as shown in Figure 4, and the trapezium structure is from the junction with TEM loudspeaker to spring-like structures metal
The bottom bending part of plate, tapered widths state.
Electric welding connection is used between bending structure on parallel-plate and bow-tie antenna port.
The design principle of combined antenna of the present invention：
The antenna is opened by parallel flat end with two kinds of different forms for basic structure, wherein TEM loudspeaker are most basic
Model is formed at an angle by parallel flat waveguide end opening, in order to which electric signal is preferably radiated in air,
Sheet width will also be gradually increased with Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast area.
When plate open angle be gradually increased, when rectangular with slab waveguide portion, be formed bowknot day
Line, also known as bow-tie Bow―tie antenna, it is planarized by biconical antenna.
When the end of parallel flat waveguide is opened respectively in both different modes, it is formed in the present invention and combines day
The foundation structure of line.
Impedance matching is the key that Antenna Design especially broadband antenna design, good mating structure can be reduced antenna to
The reflection of port makes energy as much as possible go out by antenna effective radiation.Design process in TEM loudspeaker radiation part
In, antenna can be regarded as to the impedance transformer from feed port to free space.
Specific method is：
Regard TEM loudspeaker as joint number tend to infinite number of more piece matched transform device, and regards each section as to have spy
The parallel flat transmission line of constant impedance.
It is generally believed that can ignore edge effect when the wide w of the plate of parallel flat waveguide is more much bigger than two plate spacing d, obtain
It is to its characteristic impedance calculation formula：
Wherein,It is the intrinsic impedance of medium between two plates, but when we regard TEM loudspeaker as infinite more piece put down
When row planar waveguide forms, these parallel-plates in most cases and are unsatisfactory for the wide condition much larger than spacing of plate, because
This will use more accurate characteristic impedance calculation formula in calculating
Emulation discovery has best matching effect when terminating impedance is 280 Ω or so.
The infinite number of more piece impedance transformer of joint number is approximated as one section of impedance transition mechanism transmission line, according to different impedances gradually
The reflection coefficient of deformation type is studied, when transition length shorter (insufficient half-wavelength), compared to triangle gradual change and
Klopfenstein gradual change, exponential fade reflection are minimum.
Therefore, the axial length of middle antenna limits the impedance transition mechanism form for selecting exponential type according to the present invention, between plate has been determined
After the change curve of distance, so that it may the width of metal plate needed for accurately calculating impedance damping type gradual change to be realized.
The input impedance of bow-tie antenna is establishing model equally by the plate of feed port is wide and spacing determines
Afterwards, preferable matching can be realized by optimizing the metal board width of its feed end.
How to eliminate the discontinuous caused reflection of TEM loudspeaker end is the main problem that TEM horn designs need to solve,
In design before, designer reduces end reflection electric current, but these sides using the method for terminal extension or resistor loaded
Method haves the defects that certain, such as resistor loaded can reduce the efficiency of antenna, and terminal extension will increase unnecessary irradiation unit
Divide that time domain waveform is made to generate concussion.In addition, we can generally select TEM loudspeaker in order to reduce the working frequency of antenna
Two-arm extends, but finds through emulation, and the length for increasing TEM two-arm simply is not the effective ways for reducing working frequency,
Emulation discovery, if extending the two-arm of TEM loudspeaker, the working frequency points of TEM loudspeaker really can be mobile to low frequency, but works at the same time frequency
Band can also narrow, and therefore, if to obtain the TEM loudspeaker time domain impulse antenna in a broadband, it is not low for only carrying out terminal extension
The good method of frequencyization.
The present invention is certain to carrying out between them by the end of the bow-tie antenna opened in different ways and TEM loudspeaker
Extension, neither will increase the outer dimension of antenna, and reduce the working frequency of two antennas to a certain extent.
Bow-tie Antenna Operation 240MHz low frequency, when the phase center of it and TEM loudspeaker radiation is almost the same
It waits, the joint radiation of two antennas compensates for the deficiency of TEM loudspeaker low frequency radiation, makes antenna in the radiation intensification of low frequency.
With the raising of working frequency, the TEM loudspeaker of high directivity are increasingly becoming principal radiating section, and directionality is poor
Bow-tie antenna due to beyond working frequency not re-radiation so that the directionality of antenna entirety improves and enhancing with frequency.
Since terminal extension part is vertical with antenna itself, and the electric current for reaching end is smaller, therefore prolongation
Substantially the forward radiation of combined antenna will not be had an impact, such extension not will cause time domain extra oscillation and hangover.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By structure innovation and optimization, designed antenna has been broken traditional TEM loudspeaker and has been wanted
Limitation of axial and opening the electrical length at least more than half wavelength is asked, the size of antenna is effectively reduced.It can with antenna
The low-limit frequency of work calculates, and axial length is only 1/8th wavelength, and it is about quarter-wave that bore, which opens size,.
Antenna is as shown in table 1 below in part frequency point gain, and as frequency increases, directionality can be remarkably reinforced：
Table 1
The simulation result and measured result of antenna S11 curve compare following Fig. 5, as can be seen from Figure 5 Antenna Operation frequency
Band is very wide, is greater than 10 octaves, and good in the performance of working band standing internal wave.The phase characteristic for observing its S21 can find, antenna
The non-dispersive phenomenon in working band, therefore waveform fidelity is preferable.
Designed antenna time domain waveform is good, and hangover oscillation is less and amplitude is small, and pulse peak-to-peak value is larger.Emulation discovery,
When using the zeroth order Gaussian pulse source forcing of 0~2GHz, direction is penetrated in the master away from antenna feed 1000mm and places probe, induction
The pulse peak-to-peak value of signal is up to 11.58V/m out.The time domain plethysmographic signal and its frequency spectrum induced on probe such as Fig. 6, Fig. 7 institute
Show；
Using center of antenna as the center of circle, probe is being placed on the circumference of radius 1000mm, the pulse peak peak induced on probe
Value is with angle change curve such as Fig. 8, wherein penetrating direction based on 0 °.
Compared with single TEM electromagnetic horn, the design of combined antenna is so that discontinuously locate concussion in TEM loudspeaker end
Electromagnetic energy can effectively be radiate, so that impulse radiating antennas be allow to work in lower frequency range.Pass through combination
Structure and low frequency load, so that the size of antenna is reduced significantly, reach the requirement suitable for vehicle-mounted ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR detection system.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna, which is characterized in that including feed section (1), TEM loudspeaker part (2) and bow-tie
Antenna part (3), wherein feed section (1) setting is in the front end of TEM loudspeaker part (2), bow-tie antenna part (3) welding
On feed section (1), and the metal plate extending direction of TEM loudspeaker part (2) and antenna axis are parallel to each other；Bow-tie days
The metal plate extending direction and antenna axis of line part (3) are orthogonal；
The direction of the end of TEM loudspeaker part (2) towards bow-tie antenna part (3) is provided with bending part；Bow-tie days
The direction of the end of line part (3) towards TEM loudspeaker part (2) is provided with bending part；Meanwhile the end of TEM loudspeaker part (2)
Gap is provided between end bending part and the end bending part of bow-tie antenna part (3).
2. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that TEM loudspeaker part (2) and bow-
The radiating phase center of tie antenna part (3) is consistent.
3. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal of TEM loudspeaker part (2)
Along antenna axis direction, exponentially curve opens plate；The metal board width of bow-tie antenna part (3) changes linearly.
4. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that TEM loudspeaker part (2) and bow-
The bending part of tie antenna part (3) is parallel with antenna axis.
5. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bending of TEM loudspeaker part (2)
Part is orthogonal with the metal plate end of TEM loudspeaker part (2)；The bending part and bow- of bow-tie antenna part (3)
The metal plate end of tie antenna part (3) is orthogonal；Meanwhile TEM loudspeaker part (2) and bow-tie antenna part (3)
Pass through circular sliding slopes between bending part and metal plate end.
6. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that feed section (1) includes coaxial
Connector (101), dielectric-slab (102) and feed mouth (103), wherein coaxial fitting (101) is welded on one end of dielectric-slab (102),
The other end of dielectric-slab (102) is inserted at feed mouth (103).
7. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upper and lower side of dielectric-slab (102)
Cover copper in face.
8. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 6, which is characterized in that feed mouth (103) includes two
The metal plate for the spring-like structures being placed in parallel, the bottom parallel-plate of the spring-like structures metal plate and TEM loudspeaker part (2)
Connection, and be an integral structure；The top layer parallel-plate of spring-like structures metal plate and bow-tie antenna part (3) are welded to connect.
9. according to a kind of described in any item assembled pulse radiating antennas of claim 6-8, which is characterized in that spring-like structures gold
The bottom for belonging to plate is trapezoidal grading structure, and the trapezium structure is from the junction with TEM loudspeaker part (2) to spring-like structures metal
The bottom bending part of plate, tapered widths state.
10. a kind of assembled pulse radiating antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the axis of the modular antenna
It is 1/8th wavelength to length, the size that bore opens is quarter-wave.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810594626.8A CN108879078B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Combined pulse radiation antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810594626.8A CN108879078B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Combined pulse radiation antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108879078A true CN108879078A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN108879078B CN108879078B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810594626.8A Active CN108879078B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Combined pulse radiation antenna |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109980337A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-05 | 徐炯� | A kind of low-frequency small-sized M shape ultra-wideband antenna |
| CN110767991A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-07 | 西北核技术研究院 | Lens type ultra-wide spectrum electromagnetic pulse radiation antenna and antenna array |
Citations (2)
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| CN101807743A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2010-08-18 | 西安交通大学 | Air coupling double-frequency-band pulse ground penetrating radar antenna |
| US9257748B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-09 | FIRST RF Corp. | Broadband, low-profile antenna structure |
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2018
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101807743A (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2010-08-18 | 西安交通大学 | Air coupling double-frequency-band pulse ground penetrating radar antenna |
| US9257748B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-09 | FIRST RF Corp. | Broadband, low-profile antenna structure |
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| HYEONGSOON PARK等: "Modified low-frequency compensated TEM (LFCTEM) horn antenna to improve the radiation performance", 《2013 ASIA-PACIFIC MICROWAVE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS (APMC)》 * |
| MOHAMED A. ELMANSOURI等: "Miniaturization of TEM Horn Using Spherical Modes Engineering", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109980337A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-05 | 徐炯� | A kind of low-frequency small-sized M shape ultra-wideband antenna |
| CN110767991A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-07 | 西北核技术研究院 | Lens type ultra-wide spectrum electromagnetic pulse radiation antenna and antenna array |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108879078B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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