CN112670697A - Ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna - Google Patents
Ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112670697A CN112670697A CN202011631283.1A CN202011631283A CN112670697A CN 112670697 A CN112670697 A CN 112670697A CN 202011631283 A CN202011631283 A CN 202011631283A CN 112670697 A CN112670697 A CN 112670697A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna, which comprises: the substrate is configured into two insulating dielectric plates with included angles; the antenna patches symmetrically folded and arranged on the two insulating dielectric plates form an antenna arm, the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with two cutting arms, and the tail ends of the cutting arms are respectively provided with an output part; the shielding cover is provided with a V-shaped opening at the front end and a back cavity at the rear end; two insulating medium plates are arranged at the V-shaped opening. The beneficial effects are that: by adopting the cutting arms on the two sides of the traditional antenna, the size of the antenna is reduced, the lowest working frequency point of the antenna is reduced, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is widened, the antenna is folded, the radiation pattern on the front surface of the antenna occupies a dominant position, and the radiation gain of the antenna is improved; the shielding case is added to improve the directional gain and the anti-interference capability of the antenna, so that the antenna has good directionality; has the advantages of wide frequency band, good directivity and high resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of urbanization and the rapid increase of population, the urban ground space can not meet the requirements gradually. From underground traffic construction to underground mall development, the expansion from the ground to the underground space has become a necessary trend. However, blind development of underground space will lead to dangerous situations such as road surface collapse. Therefore, the method has great practical significance for recognizing underground space distribution by using the geophysical prospecting method for first detection.
The ground penetrating radar is widely applied to the field of geophysical as an efficient, high-resolution and nondestructive electromagnetic detection method. From the initial measurement of the thickness of the polar ice layer, the method has been widely applied to the fields of urban underground space exploration, underground pipeline identification, engineering geological exploration, archaeology, military affairs and the like. The ground penetrating radar transmits high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the underground through the transmitting antenna, the electromagnetic waves are reflected at an interface due to the difference of electrical parameters of the underground medium, the receiving antenna is used for receiving the electromagnetic waves reflected by the underground medium, and the distribution condition of the underground medium can be judged by analyzing the electromagnetic wave profile.
The ground penetrating radar system is generally composed of a transmitter, a receiver, an antenna and an upper computer. The antenna is used as transmitting and receiving equipment, is particularly important in the whole radar system, is a key technology which directly influences the performance of the whole ground penetrating radar system, and is an important link for designing the ultra-wideband antenna; both time domain and frequency domain ground penetrating radars require antennas with good radiation direction gain and ultra wide band characteristics.
The existing antenna generally has the defects of narrow frequency band, low efficiency and poor directivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna, which solves the defects of narrow frequency band, low efficiency and poor directivity of the existing antenna proposed in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna, comprising:
the substrate is configured into two insulating dielectric plates with included angles;
the antenna patches symmetrically folded and arranged on the two insulating dielectric plates form an antenna arm, the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with two cutting arms, and the tail ends of the cutting arms are respectively provided with an output part;
the shielding cover is provided with a V-shaped opening at the front end and a back cavity at the rear end; two insulating medium plates are arranged at the V-shaped opening.
As a further scheme of the invention: a gap is reserved between the two antenna patches, feed ports connected with the two antenna patches are installed on the gap, the output part comprises a resistor and metal strips respectively connected with the resistor, and a circular groove is formed at the tail end of the cutoff arm; the two sides of the antenna arm are provided with elliptical arms to increase the antenna opening angle.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the length of the antenna arm is L, and the field angle is theta0The following formula is satisfied:
wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the low-frequency cut-off frequency antenna, ZcIs the antenna characteristic impedance.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the length L of the antenna arm is 510-530 mm, and the width W of the antenna arm is 460-480 mm.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the ratio e of the axes of the elliptical arms on the two sides of the antenna is 0.2-0.4.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the circular groove radius R is 50 to 60 mm.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the length cut1 of the two side cutting arms of the antenna is 160-180 mm.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the lowest height of the back cavity is h1The maximum height of the back cavity is h, wherein h1From 30 to 40mm and h from 160 to 175 mm.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the antenna patch, the metal strip and the back cavity are made of copper, gold, aluminum or tin.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the substrate is made of an epoxy resin glass fiber cloth laminated board; the substrate has a width of 220 to 235mm, a length of 540 to 560mm, and a thickness of 1.3 to 2.0 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the cutting arms on the two sides of the traditional antenna, the size of the antenna is reduced, the lowest working frequency point of the antenna is reduced, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is widened; the elliptic arms are arranged on two sides of the antenna after the arm is cut, which is equivalent to increasing the opening angle of the antenna, and effectively expanding the bandwidth of the antenna; the method of tail end resistance loading is adopted to absorb the tail end reflected current of the antenna arm, so that the waveform trailing generated by the oscillation of the tail end of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the waveform fidelity of the antenna is improved; the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with a slot, so that the current distribution condition on the surface of the antenna is improved, the gathering effect of the current towards the position of the loading resistor is increased, and the tail end reflected current is better absorbed; the antenna is folded, so that the radiation pattern on the front side of the antenna occupies a dominant position, and the radiation gain of the antenna is improved; finally, a metal shielding cavity is added on the back of the antenna to improve the directional gain and the anti-interference capability of the antenna, so that the antenna has good directionality; compared with the existing antenna, the antenna of the invention has the advantages of wide frequency band, good directivity and high resolution.
On the basis of a traditional bow-tie antenna, a truncated arm and an elliptic arm structure are adopted for loading, the tail end is loaded in a resistance mode, a slot is adopted, the antenna is folded, and a metal shield is added behind the antenna. The requirement of miniaturization is met by combining structure loading, tail end loading and shielding structure loading, so that the bandwidth of the antenna under-10 dB is improved to 359MHz, and the standard of an ultra-wideband antenna is met.
The working frequency range of the folded antenna is 60-419 Mhz, S11< -10dB, the center frequency is 268Mhz, the working frequency band bandwidth is 359Mhz, the relative bandwidth is as high as 134%, and the working range of the ultra-wideband antenna can be met. Through a series of operations such as folding and shielding case, the return loss of the antenna near the central frequency can reach-29 dB, and the detection resolution of the antenna is improved; is superior to the traditional bow-tie antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a comparison graph of the effect of the ultra-wideband folded antenna of the ground penetrating radar in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a radiation gain diagram of a ground penetrating radar constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 11-a first butterfly antenna patch; 12-a second butterfly antenna patch; 21-a first insulating dielectric sheet; 22-a second insulating dielectric sheet; 3-an elliptical arm; 4-carbon film resistance; 51-a first elliptical trough; 52-a second elliptical trough; 61-a first metal strip; 62-a second metal strip; 7-an input port; 8-folding; 9-metallic shielding cavity.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna includes: the substrate is configured into two insulating dielectric plates with included angles; the antenna patches symmetrically folded and arranged on the two insulating dielectric plates form an antenna arm, the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with two cutting arms, and the tail ends of the cutting arms are respectively provided with an output part; the shielding cover is provided with a V-shaped opening at the front end and a back cavity at the rear end; the back cavity is used as a metal shielding cavity 9 for shielding electromagnetic waves emitted to the back cavity direction by the antenna, so that the directionality of the antenna is improved. The two insulating dielectric plates are respectively a first insulating dielectric plate 21 and a second insulating dielectric plate 22, and are installed at the V-shaped opening.
Specifically, the two antenna patches are a first butterfly antenna patch 11 and a second butterfly antenna patch 12 respectively, a gap is reserved between the first butterfly antenna patch 11 and the second butterfly antenna patch 12, a feed port connected with the two antenna patches is installed on the gap and serves as an input port 7, the output part comprises a resistor and metal strips connected to the resistor respectively, and a circular groove is formed at the tail end of the cutoff arm; the carbon film resistor 4 is selected as the resistor, so that the reflected current at the tail end of the antenna arm can be absorbed, the waveform trailing generated by the oscillation at the tail end of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the waveform fidelity of the antenna is improved. Elliptical arms 3 are arranged on both sides of the antenna arm to increase the antenna opening angle. The length of the antenna arm is L, and the field angle is theta0The following formula is satisfied:
wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the low-frequency cut-off frequency antenna, ZcIs the antenna characteristic impedance.
The ends of the cut-off arms on both sides of the antenna may be respectively provided with a first elliptical groove 51 and a second elliptical groove 52, and correspondingly, the metal strips are respectively a first metal strip 61 and a second metal strip 62.
In summary, by adopting the cutting arms on the two sides of the traditional antenna, the size of the antenna is reduced, the lowest working frequency point of the antenna is reduced, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is widened; the elliptic arms 3 are arranged on two sides of the antenna after the arm is cut, which is equivalent to increase of the antenna field angle, and the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded; the method of tail end resistance loading is adopted to absorb the tail end reflected current of the antenna arm, so that the waveform trailing generated by the oscillation of the tail end of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the waveform fidelity of the antenna is improved; the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with a slot, so that the current distribution condition on the surface of the antenna is improved, the gathering effect of the current towards the position of the loading resistor is increased, and the tail end reflected current is better absorbed; the antenna is folded, so that the radiation pattern on the front side of the antenna occupies a dominant position, and the radiation gain of the antenna is improved; finally, a metal shielding cavity is added on the back of the antenna to improve the directional gain and the anti-interference capability of the antenna, so that the antenna has good directionality; compared with the existing antenna, the antenna of the invention has the advantages of wide frequency band, good directivity and high resolution.
Referring to fig. 1, in another embodiment of the present invention, the antenna arm length L is 510 to 530mm, and the arm width W is 460 to 480 mm. The ratio e of the axes of the elliptical arms on the two sides of the antenna is 0.2-0.4. The circular groove radius R is 50 to 60 mm. The length cut1 of the two side cutting arms of the antenna is 160-180 mm. The folding angle alpha of the folding 8 of the antenna is 0-30 degrees; the minimum height of the back cavity is h1, the maximum height of the back cavity is h, wherein h1 is 30-40 mm, and h is 160-175 mm.
Referring to fig. 1, in another embodiment of the present invention, the material of the antenna patch, the metal strip and the back cavity is copper, gold, aluminum or tin. The antenna patch and the metal strip are copper foils printed on the insulating dielectric plate through a printed circuit board process, and the back cavity is made of a white copper material with the thickness of 0.5 mm. The substrate is made of an epoxy resin glass fiber cloth laminated board; the substrate has a width of 220 to 235mm, a length of 540 to 560mm, and a thickness of 1.3 to 2.0 mm.
According to the center frequency and the actual requirement of the expected designed antenna, in a preferred embodiment, the antenna variable parameters and values are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 antenna variable parameters
The invention designs an ultra-wideband folded antenna, and a return loss curve of an antenna port and an existing antenna pair ratio are obtained by simulating the ultra-wideband folded antenna, as shown in fig. 2: in fig. 2, it can be seen that the working frequency range of the folded antenna designed by the embodiment of the invention is 60-419 Mhz, S11< -10dB, the bandwidth within the working frequency band under-10 dB is increased to 359Mhz, the relative bandwidth reaches 134%, and the working range of the ultra-wideband antenna can be satisfied. The return loss near the central frequency is as low as-29 dB after the antenna is folded and the metal shielding cavity is formed, and the directivity of the antenna is greatly improved. By comparison, the antenna is proved to be superior to the traditional bow-tie antenna.
Fig. 3 is a radiation gain diagram of a ground penetrating radar constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna are mainly concentrated on the bottom surface of the antenna, and the ground penetrating radar only needs to emit the electromagnetic waves to the ground when operating, so that the metal back cavity 9 is added on the back surface of the antenna to improve the directivity of the antenna, prevent the interference of the electromagnetic waves in the back environment, and obtain a better detection effect.
The embodiment of the invention is improved based on the traditional bow-tie type antenna, and adopts a method of loading a truncated arm structure and an elliptical arm structure, loading a terminal resistor and adopting a slot. And a metal shielding cavity is added behind the antenna. The miniaturization requirement is realized by combining structure loading, tail end loading and shielding structure loading, the bandwidth under-10 dB is improved to 359MHz, and the standard of the ultra-wideband antenna is met. The return loss near the central frequency is as low as-29 dB, the directional gain of the antenna is obviously improved, and the detection resolution of the antenna is improved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: by adopting the cutting arms on the two sides of the traditional antenna, the size of the antenna is reduced, the lowest working frequency point of the antenna is reduced, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is widened; the elliptic arms are arranged on two sides of the antenna after the arm is cut, which is equivalent to increasing the opening angle of the antenna, and effectively expanding the bandwidth of the antenna; the method of tail end resistance loading is adopted to absorb the tail end reflected current of the antenna arm, so that the waveform trailing generated by the oscillation of the tail end of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the waveform fidelity of the antenna is improved; the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with a slot, so that the current distribution condition on the surface of the antenna is improved, the gathering effect of the current towards the position of the loading resistor is increased, and the tail end reflected current is better absorbed; the antenna is folded, so that the radiation pattern on the front side of the antenna occupies a dominant position, and the radiation gain of the antenna is improved; finally, the metal shielding cavity is added on the back of the antenna to improve the directional gain and the anti-interference capability of the antenna, so that the antenna has good directionality.
It should be noted that the resistor, the feeding port and the metal strip adopted in the present invention are all applications in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can implement the intended functions according to the related description, or implement the technical features required to be accomplished by the similar techniques, and will not be described in detail herein.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna, comprising:
the substrate is configured into two insulating dielectric plates with included angles;
the antenna patches symmetrically folded and arranged on the two insulating dielectric plates form an antenna arm, the tail end of the antenna arm is provided with two cutting arms, and the tail ends of the cutting arms are respectively provided with an output part;
the shielding cover is provided with a V-shaped opening at the front end and a back cavity at the rear end; two insulating medium plates are arranged at the V-shaped opening.
2. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 1, wherein a gap is left between two antenna patches, a feed port connected with the two antenna patches is installed on the gap, the output part comprises a resistor and a metal strip connected with the resistor respectively, and a circular groove is formed at the tail end of the cutoff arm; the two sides of the antenna arm are provided with elliptical arms to increase the antenna opening angle.
3. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna arm has a length L and an opening angle θ0The following formula is satisfied:
wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the low-frequency cut-off frequency antenna, ZcIs the antenna characteristic impedance.
4. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 1-3, wherein the antenna has an arm length L of 510-530 mm and an arm width W of 460-480 mm.
5. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 2, wherein the ratio e of the axes of the elliptical arms on both sides of the antenna is 0.2-0.4.
6. The ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna of claim 2, wherein the circular slot radius R is 50 to 60 mm.
7. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 1, wherein the cut-off arm length cut1 on both sides of the antenna is 160-180 mm.
8. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 1Characterized in that the minimum height of the back cavity is h1The maximum height of the back cavity is h, wherein h1From 30 to 40mm and h from 160 to 175 mm.
9. The ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna of claim 1, wherein the material of the antenna patch, the metal strip, and the back cavity is copper, gold, aluminum, or tin.
10. The ultra-wideband folded antenna of claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of epoxy resin glass fiber cloth laminate; the substrate has a width of 220 to 235mm, a length of 540 to 560mm, and a thickness of 1.3 to 2.0 mm.
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| CN202011631283.1A CN112670697A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna |
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| CN202011631283.1A CN112670697A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Ground penetrating radar ultra wide band folded antenna |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114152923A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 吉林大学 | Window position calibration method and system for radiation surface of air coupling antenna shell |
| CN115291209A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-04 | 吉林大学 | Ultra-wideband array focusing radar system |
| CN116169468A (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-05-26 | 吉林大学 | Ultra-wideband directional radiation antenna of ground penetrating radar |
| CN116995434A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-11-03 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna of ground penetrating radar |
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Cited By (4)
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