CN108879057A - A kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band - Google Patents
A kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band Download PDFInfo
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- CN108879057A CN108879057A CN201810626293.2A CN201810626293A CN108879057A CN 108879057 A CN108879057 A CN 108879057A CN 201810626293 A CN201810626293 A CN 201810626293A CN 108879057 A CN108879057 A CN 108879057A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high degree of balance distributors of minimized wide-band, belong to radio circuit technical field.The high degree of balance distributor of the minimized wide-band is designed using more piece quadrature bridge, and the weak coupling electric bridge and several section degrees of coupling including several section degrees of coupling less than -20dB are greater than the close coupling electric bridge of -20dB.It is characterized in that, more piece Coupling Design scheme significantly improves distributor amplitude balance characteristic；It is further characterized in that loose circuit uses the way of realization of lumped capacity and distribution parameter inductance, circuit volume is effectively reduced.Structure of the invention is compact, and replicability is good, has fabulous amplitude balance in broadband.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radio circuit technical fields, in particular to the improvement design of broadband high-balance-degree allocator.This
Invention can realize the power distribution of high balance in 300MHz~500MHz full frequency band, the exemplary amplitude degree of balance ± 0.12dB with
It is interior, it is compact-sized.On the one hand good amplitude balance can reduce synthesis loss, improve power amplification efficiency；On the other hand, also can
Guarantee that synthesized power amplifier has good precorrection effect, improves the linear index of power amplifier.Unique half lumped parameter of the present invention is set
Meter greatly reduces circuit size, to design the power amplifier unit of smaller volume, keeps entire circuit system small and exquisite, compact.
Background technique
Quadrature bridge is a kind of common power distribution, synthesizer in radio-frequency power amplifier.Typical quadrature bridge
As shown in Figure 1, include that two sizes are identical, the quarter-wave transmission line 11 and 12 and absorption resistance 13 being mutually coupled.
If one end 111 of transmission line 11 is used as input terminal, then the other end 112 is straight-through output end；121 ports of transmission line 12 are coupling
Output end, 122 ports are isolation ends, are connect with absorbing load 13.
There is good port reflection loss and isolation in very wide bandwidth using the distribution of quadrature bridge, synthesizer
Degree, structure realizes simple, power capacity height, but amplitude balance is undesirable.For the electric bridge shown in Fig. 1, degree of coupling 3dB
When (two-way distribution), the insertion loss of its coupling output and straight-through output is calculated in an octave, it, can be with as a result such as Fig. 2
Find out that the amplitude difference of two-way output reaches ± 0.3dB, as the cascade of N (N is positive integer) grade quadrature bridge constitutes 2NRoad distribution is closed
At network, then the degree of balance can deteriorate as ± 0.3N dB, for easily leading to combined coefficient decline when wideband power amplifer, simultaneously
Also negative influence can be generated to the linear index of power amplification system.
The method for improving quadrature bridge amplitude balance is that the electric bridge of the more piece difference degree of coupling is together in series, such as Fig. 3
(a).Still by taking two distributors as an example, if using three section quadrature bridge shown in Fig. 3 (b), the degree of coupling successively -19dB, -2dB and -
19dB, then theoretically amplitude balance can be improved within ± 0.05dB in an octave.
The shortcomings that more piece quadrature bridge distributor is that, since the length of every economize on electricity bridge is quarter-wave, frequency is not high
In the case where, the length of three economize on electricity bridges is often too long, and occupied space is big, makes troubles to using.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is it is tight to propose a kind of structure to overcome the problems, such as that more piece quadrature bridge dispenser size is excessive
The broadband high-balance-degree allocator gathered, it is characterised in that the weak coupling part in more piece electric bridge is realized with half lumped circuit,
Effectively shorten its physical size, occupy little space, the degree of balance is high, is easy to use in radio frequency system.
A kind of high degree of balance distributor of miniaturization proposed by the present invention, by the different quadrature bridge series connection group of the N section degree of coupling
At；It is characterized in that, the quadrature bridge of the degree of coupling weaker (being less than -20dB) is real using distributed inductance and lumped parameter capacitor
It is existing, to reduce its physical size；The quadrature bridge of the degree of coupling relatively strong (being greater than -20dB) then uses quarter-wave broadside
Coupled line structure；The composition and principle of each section weak coupling electric bridge be it is identical, be described as follows with a wherein section：
The distributed inductance includes two metal tape lines, and horizontal suspended is in the metal cavity of ground connection；It is characterized in that,
Two band lines are located in two horizontal planes, and the certain spacing in vertical direction interval guarantees mutually insulated；It is characterized in that,
The band line is in round-trip polyline shaped in the horizontal plane, which can be " crenel "Shape is also possible to " wave "
Shape can also be " sawtooth "Shape, meander line structure can effectively reduce bulk；Its is extra heavy to be further characterized in that, two
Structure size with line is identical, but it is contrary to turn back, i.e., if looked down right above with plane where line, is located at
Band line in a upper layer plane turns back direction if it is first up and then down, then the band line for being located at next plane is turned back, direction is then first
On after lower；Described two centreline spaces that pass through of turning back with line away from being less than the amplitude turned back, if from plane where line just
Top is looked down, two band lines be it is staggered, alternating share surrounds certain area；It is wanted according to used frequency and the degree of coupling
It asks, the number of cycles of broken line can be 1,2 ..., M.Generally, M is not more than 4.Two bands line has in wire chamber
There is common mode distribution parameter self-inductance；Described two areas surrounded that interlock with line generate distribution parameter mutual inductance；Described two bands
Differential mode capacitor is formd at line cross-point.
The starting point of distribution parameter inductance is defined as left side endpoint, and clearing end is defined as right side endpoint.The collection Headquarters of the General Staff
Number capacitor is located at starting point, clearing end and the upper and lower apex of inductance broken line, and one end of lumped parameter capacitor connects with line
It connects, another section of ground connection；It is characterized in that the lumped parameter capacitor is identical with the link position on line at two.Lumped parameter electricity
The introducing of appearance further reduces the bulk of weak coupling electric bridge.
The starting point of the starting point of the distribution parameter inductance in upper layer with line and clearing end and lower layer's distribution parameter inductance
And clearing end, four input ports of corresponding quadrature bridge.If using the starting point of upper layer distribution parameter inductance as positive alternating current
The input terminal of bridge, then its clearing end is straight-through output end；The starting point of lower layer's distribution parameter inductance is coupled output, clearing end
It is isolation end, connects absorbing load.
According to the requirement of used frequency and the degree of coupling, choosing suitable strip line structure parameter may be implemented weak coupling electric bridge
Function.
Distributor proposed by the invention further includes close coupling quadrature bridge.It is characterised in that it includes two parallel, broadsides
The metal tape line of face, is suspended in grounded metal cavity.The ruler of the structure size with line and surrounding air cavity
It is very little, determine technical indicator.Two starting points with line and clearing end constitute four input ports of close coupling quadrature bridge.
The connection type of the N section weak coupling quadrature bridge is sequentially connected between two adjacent sections, i.e., i-th (i=1,
2 ... N-1) section clearing end be connected with the starting point of i+1 section.Connection method one：The upper layer distribution parameter inductance of i-th section it
Clearing end is connect with the starting point of i+1 section upper layer distribution parameter inductance, the clearing end of the i-th section lower layer distribution parameter inductance and
I+1 saves the starting point connection of lower layer's distribution parameter inductance；Connection method two：The clearing end of the upper layer distribution parameter inductance of i-th section
It is connect with the starting point of i+1 section lower layer distribution parameter inductance, the clearing end and i+1 section of the i-th section lower layer distribution parameter inductance
The starting point of upper layer distribution parameter inductance connects.
The starting point of first segment electric bridge upper layer and lower layer distribution parameter inductance and N connect electric bridge upper layer and lower layer distribution parameter electricity
The clearing end of sense constitutes four ports of total electric bridge.
Feature and beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention saves the different cascade forms of degree of coupling quadrature bridge using N (N >=3) and realizes two distributors, in broadband
Interior amplitude balance is better than ± 0.12dB, and important technology is characterized in that weak coupling electric bridge uses the distribution ginseng that broken line is staggeredly placed
Number inductance and lumped parameter capacitor, greatly reduce circuit size.
On the one hand good amplitude balance can reduce synthesis loss, improve power amplification efficiency；On the other hand, can also guarantee
Synthesized power amplifier has good precorrection effect, improves the linear index of power amplifier.Compact structure is easy to use, effectively smaller function
Put the volume and weight of complete machine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is quadrature bridge schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is the insertion loss characteristic of single-unit 3dB quadrature bridge
Fig. 3 is more piece quadrature bridge schematic diagram
(a) .N saves quadrature bridge schematic diagram
(b) .3 saves 3dB quadrature bridge schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 5 is half lumped parameter inductance mutual inductance embodiment schematic diagram in weak coupling electric bridge
(a) cross-sectional view of circuit board installation
(b) mutual inductance strip line structure is felt for 2 economize on electricitys
Fig. 6 is half lumped parameter weak coupling electric bridge embodiment schematic diagram
(a) circuit structure is illustrated
(b) port definition of equivalent network
Fig. 7 is close coupling of embodiment of the present invention electric bridge schematic diagram
(a) the installation cross-sectional view of circuit board
(b) port definition
Fig. 8 is the port connection schematic diagram of three sections of electric bridges in the embodiment of the present invention
(a) the first connection type
(b) second of connection type
Fig. 9 is the characteristic curve that the present invention is implemented
Specific implementation method
Detailed description are as follows for the high degree of balance distributor combination accompanying drawings and embodiments of the minimized wide-band that the present invention designs：
A kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band that the present invention designs, principle is as shown in figure 4, include that three sections are successively gone here and there
Quadrature bridge even.Wherein 41 and 42 be the degree of coupling for using half lumped parameter to realize for the weak coupling electric bridge of -19dB, 43 be four
The close coupling electric bridge that the broadside coupled degree of coupling constituted with line of/mono- wavelength is -2dB.If regarding port 411 as input terminal,
Then port 431 is straight-through output end, and 412 be coupled output, and 432 be isolation end, and when use will connect matched load.Weak coupling section
43 is identical with 41 parameter and principle, only illustrates 41 principle and implementation method herein.
Weak coupling section 41 include four mutual inductances M11, M12, M21 and M22 and self-inductance L11 that they are formed over the ground,
L12, L21 and L22.Differential mode capacitor Cd1, Cd2 and Cd3 and mutual inductance act on, and form equivalent differential mode transmission line；Even mould capacitor C11~
C18 and inductance act on forming equivalent even mould transmission line.By adjusting above-mentioned parameter, make equivalent differential-mode impedance, differential mode propagation constant,
Even mode impedance and even mode propagation constant approach the characteristic of ideal coupling line, then the final degree of coupling, port reflection loss, isolation
Three indexs can reach requirement.
The mutual inductance of weak coupling section and inductance use microstrip line construction in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 5, wherein (a) is
The cross-sectional view of the mounting structure of microstrip line is (b) top view.Metal tape line 51 and 52 is distributed in the upper surface of medium substrate 50
And lower surface, mutual insulating；Micro belt board is installed in the metal cavity of surrounding ground connection.Band line 51 is in crenel type, reciprocal to roll over
Return a cycle；With the mirror image that line 52 is with line 51 about horizontal axis.Horizontal segment and vertical section with line 51 and 52 are overlooked
See it is nonoverlapping on figure；Tilting section with line 51 and with line 52 is overlapped in region 53,54 and 55, constitutes differential mode capacitor, corresponding
The area of Cd1, Cd2 and Cd3 in schematic diagram 4, overlapping determine the size of capacitor.
Entire microstrip line construction is divided into 4 regions 56,57,58 and 59 in the horizontal direction in Fig. 5 (b).In region 56,
Band line 51 and 52, which constitutes mutual inductance M11,51 and 52 and formed in metal cavity, divides self-inductance L11；The similarly structure pair in region 57
Answer mutual inductance M12 and self-induction L12, the corresponding mutual inductance M21 and self-induction L21 in region 58, the corresponding mutual inductance M22 and self-induction L22 in region 59.
By adjusting the 51 and 52 horizontal and vertical section of length with line, equally change the face in the section the two Suo Wei circle
Product achievees the purpose that adjust mutual induction amount；Change the height and width of metal cavity, adjustable self-inductance.
Left side endpoint 511 with line 51 is used as port 1, and right side endpoint 512 is used as a port 3；Left-hand end with line 52
Point 521 is used as port 2, and right side endpoint 522 is used as port 4.
Realization such as Fig. 6 (a) of half lumped parameter weak coupling electric bridge in the embodiment of the present invention.Even one end mould capacitor C13 and C16
It is connected with the midpoint of the horizontal segment 611 and 612 with line 61, the other end is connect with copper foil 631,631；If copper foil 631,631 passes through
Dry metallization VIA (60) ground connection.One end of even mould capacitor C11 is connect with the starting point with line 61, the other end and ground connection copper foil
633 connections.One end of even mould capacitor C17 is connect with the clearing end with line 61, and the other end is connect with ground connection copper foil 636.Even mould electricity
Hold C14 and C15, one end is connect by metallization VIA with the midpoint of the horizontal segment 622 and 623 with line 62, the other end and ground connection
Copper foil 632 and 631 connects.Even one end mould capacitor C12 is connect by metallization VIA with the starting point with line 62, the other end with connect
Ground copper foil 634 connects.Even one end mould capacitor C18 is connect by metallization VIA with the clearing end with line 62, the other end and ground connection
Copper foil 636 connects.
In the present embodiment, port 2 and 4, and idol mould capacitor C12, C14, C15 and C18 are respectively positioned on the upper of micro belt board
Face is connect by metallization VIA with the band line 62 for being located at back of circuit board.The port 2 and 4 can also be located at route backboard
Face is connect with facilitating with other circuit parts.The idol mould capacitor can also be located at back of circuit board, directly connect with band line 62
It connects, does not influence implementation result.
Starting point 611 with line 61 is used as port 1, and clearing end 614 is used as port 3, and the starting point 621 with line 62 is used as end
Mouth 2, clearing end 624 are used as port 4.Port description such as Fig. 6 (b).
In the present embodiment, close coupling electric bridge uses broadside coupled suspended stripline, cross-sectional structure such as Fig. 7 (a).Metal tape line
71 and 72 are located at the two sides up and down of dielectric substrate 73, complete face.It is located at line and substrate and is filled with the wire chamber of same medium
In body 74.Metal strip length is the quarter-wave of working band centre frequency, such as Fig. 7 (b).Cavity ground connection.According to institute
It is required that width of the degree of coupling design with line, spacing and metal cavity height and width.Define the starting of epipelagic zone line 71
End is port 1, and clearing end is port 4；The back side is port 2 with the starting point that line starting point is 72, and clearing end is port 4.
The realization of close coupling section electric bridge can also be using other forms such as line transformer, microstrip coupled lines, as long as full
Sufficient degree of coupling requirement, does not influence implementation of the invention.
Connection relationship such as Fig. 8 in the high degree of balance distributor embodiment of minimized wide-band of the present invention between each section of electric bridge port
(a).The port 813 of weak coupling section 81 is connect with the port 821 of close coupling section 82, the port 814 of weak coupling section 81 and close coupling
The port 822 of section 82 connects.The port 833 of weak coupling section 83 is connect with the port 824 of close coupling section 82, the end of weak coupling section 83
Mouth 834 is connect with the port 823 of close coupling section 82.
The present invention minimizes another connection relationship such as Fig. 8 (b) of high degree of balance distributor embodiment.Weak coupling section 81
Port 813 is connect with the port 822 of close coupling section 82, and the port 814 of weak coupling section 81 and the port 821 of close coupling section 82 connect
It connects.The port 833 of weak coupling section 83 is connect with the port 823 of close coupling section 82, the port 834 of weak coupling section 83 and close coupling section
82 port 824 connects.
The external port identity of two kinds of connection types is identical：If being input terminal with port 811, port 831 is straight-through
Output end, port 812 are coupled output, and port 832 is isolation end (needing to connect absorbing load).
The high degree of balance distributor embodiment of minimized wide-band of the present invention is used in uhf band (300MHz~500MHz), circuit
The dielectric permittivity of plate is 3.5, thick 0.8mm.Weak coupling section metal cavity height is 3mm, width 12mm, distribution parameter electricity
The band line width 1mm of sense, vertical section height 2.6mm, horizontal section length 2.6mm.Even mould capacitor C11, C12, C13 and C14 are
1.2pF, C15 and C16 are that 1pF, C17 and C18 are 1.8pF.Close coupling section metal cavity height is 22mm, wide 14mm, medium Jie
Electric constant is 3.5, and strap line width is 3.7mm, length 59mm.It is connected between electric bridge using microstrip line.Total distributor is long
Degree is 105mm.
The technical indicator of the embodiment of the present invention such as Fig. 9.The degree of balance by being input to two delivery outlet insertion loss is better than ±
0.15dB, port reflection loss are less than -23dB, and isolation is greater than 23dB.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band.The high degree of balance distributor of the minimized wide-band uses more piece quadrature bridge
Design, weak coupling electric bridge and several section degrees of coupling including several section degrees of coupling less than -20dB are greater than the close coupling electric bridge of -20dB
It cascades.It is characterized in that weak coupling electric bridge uses the way of realization of lumped capacity and distribution parameter inductance.
2. the high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that point of the weak coupling electric bridge
Cloth parameter inductance includes two metal tape lines, and horizontal suspended is in the metal cavity of ground connection；It is characterized in that, two band lines are distinguished
In two horizontal planes, the certain spacing in vertical direction interval guarantees mutually insulated；It is characterized in that, the band line is in water
It is in round-trip polyline shaped in plane, which can be " crenel "Shape is also possible to " wave "Shape can also be " saw
Tooth "Shape, meander line structure can effectively reduce bulk；Its is extra heavy to be further characterized in that, two structure sizes with line
It is identical, but it is contrary to turn back, i.e., if looked down right above with plane where line, in a upper layer plane
Band line turns back direction if it is first up and then down, then the band line for being located at next plane is turned back, direction then gets on, get off；Described two
Root turns back the centreline space passed through with line away from the amplitude turned back is less than, if looked down right above with plane where line, two
Root band line be it is staggered, alternating share surrounds certain area；According to used frequency and degree of coupling requirement, the period of broken line
Number can be 1,2 ..., M.Generally, M is not more than 4.Two bands line has distribution parameter from electricity in wire chamber
Sense；Described two areas surrounded that interlock with line generate distribution parameter mutual inductance；Difference is formd at described two band line cross-points
Mould capacitor.
3. the high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the collection of the weak coupling electric bridge
Total parameter capacitor is located at starting point, clearing end and the upper and lower apex of inductance broken line, one end of lumped parameter capacitor and with line
Connection, another section of ground connection；It is characterized in that the lumped parameter capacitor is identical with the link position on line at two.
4. the high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that weak coupling electric bridge grade described in N
Connection.Connection method one：I-th (i=1,2 ... N-1) section upper layer distribution parameter inductance clearing end and i+1 section upper layer be distributed
The starting point of parameter inductance connects, the clearing end and i+1 section lower layer distribution parameter inductance of the i-th section lower layer distribution parameter inductance it
Starting point connection；Connection method two：Clearing end and i+1 section lower layer the distribution parameter electricity of the upper layer distribution parameter inductance of i-th section
The starting point of sense connects, the clearing end of the i-th section lower layer distribution parameter inductance and i+1 section upper layer distribution parameter inductance value starting point
Connection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810626293.2A CN108879057A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810626293.2A CN108879057A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108879057A true CN108879057A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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ID=64339271
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810626293.2A Pending CN108879057A (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | A kind of high degree of balance distributor of minimized wide-band |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109687086A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 吉林大学 | It is a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line and its optimization method for building up |
| CN112350041A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | 90-degree electric bridge and electronic equipment |
-
2018
- 2018-06-14 CN CN201810626293.2A patent/CN108879057A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109687086A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 吉林大学 | It is a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line and its optimization method for building up |
| CN109687086B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-07 | 吉林大学 | Coupling line cascaded Chebyshev filtering type Wilkinson power divider |
| CN112350041A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | 90-degree electric bridge and electronic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20181123 |