CN100574004C - The annular coupler of compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit and formation thereof - Google Patents
The annular coupler of compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit and formation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100574004C CN100574004C CNB2005101103294A CN200510110329A CN100574004C CN 100574004 C CN100574004 C CN 100574004C CN B2005101103294 A CNB2005101103294 A CN B2005101103294A CN 200510110329 A CN200510110329 A CN 200510110329A CN 100574004 C CN100574004 C CN 100574004C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the belt coupler of a kind of compensated compact microstrip resonant cell and formation thereof, it is characterized in that described compensated compact microstrip resonant cell is made up of four spiral shaped microstrip open-circuit lines, little band open-circuit line collocation structure that a long annulus shape and becate band shape are respectively arranged at the center of hurricane band resonant element, described belt coupler is to substitute traditional quarter-wave microstrip line by six compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance units, the banded little band open-circuit line of long annulus shape and becate lays respectively at the inside of annular coupler, its characteristic impedance is 70.7 Ω, this resonant element is a transmission line at the fundamental frequency place, at second order and three order harmonics places very strong inhibitory action is arranged, the belt coupler that is constituted has harmonic wave to be suppressed, reduce circuit area, insert advantages such as loss is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave annular coupler, particularly the annular coupler of compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit and formation thereof belongs to microwave annular coupler field.
Background technology
The power output distribution ratio of annular coupler two output ports is can be arbitrarily theoretically.But owing to the restriction of technology, the annular coupler that power division differs greatly is because of the too high and very difficult realization of impedance of part actually, and the most frequently used annular coupler is that power output equates-3 decibels (dB) in the practice.Fig. 1 has shown the structure chart of traditional annular coupler, as we can see from the figure, is that 70.7 Ω microstrip lines are formed by six characteristic impedances altogether in coupler inside, and the length of every microstrip line all is the quarter-wave of operating frequency.With the operating frequency is that 2.4GHz is an example, and this annular coupler uses common microwave backing material, and relative dielectric constant is 2.65, and thickness is 1.5mm, and the size of full annular coupler is 53.1mm * 23.4mm.The input and output impedance of four ports is 50 Ω, and width is 3.9mm.Wherein six characteristic impedances are 70.7 Ω microstrip lines width is 2.25mm.When signal during from the input of the port one of annular coupler, signal distributes anti-phase output from port 2,4 constant powers, and port 3 be an isolation end, has only a spot of leakage power to export.Fig. 2 is the frequency response chart of the traditional endless coupler of this 2.4GHz.Among the figure, S21, S41 are the transmission characteristics that the port one branch is clipped to port 2,4,2.4GHz all approaching-3dB; S11 is the reflection loss curve of coupler, and its standing wave is very desirable; S31 is the isolation of port one and port 3, in its working frequency range, has very desirable isolation.This traditional annular coupler has very perfect performance in working band, and current having obtained in microwave circuit used widely.If will find that with 3 order harmonic signal this toroid coupler has similar frequency response in the harmonic wave frequency range of operating frequency but observe its 2 rank.In today that communication spectrum crowds day by day, electromagnetic interference becomes a serious problem, becomes an essential problem of considering so suppress harmonic wave.Common microwave telecommunication system all is to reach the purpose that suppresses harmonic wave at internal system adding low pass filter or band pass filter, this way has not only increased the volume of system, increased cost, and, reduced systematic function because of there is differential loss in passive filter.And when the internal system device is interconnected, might produce mismatch, worsen systematic function.Especially in the low frequency frequency range, this toroid coupler shape is too huge, can not very effectively utilize substrate space, so this kind structure is not very good.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point of prior art, compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit has been proposed and with the toroid coupler of its formation, this compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit adopts the helical structure in little band, add that each two open circuits of length microstrip line compensates little band frequency response and phase place, make it very strong inhibitory action be arranged for harmonic wave, simultaneously overall dimensions reduces, and only is about 45% of traditional endless coupler, and both to insert loss suitable.
The present invention proposes a kind of compensated compact microstrip resonant cell, it is characterized in that being made up of four helix microstrip open-circuit lines, and little band open-circuit line structure of long annulus shape and becate band shape is connected to the public part of two spiral shaped microstrip open-circuit lines in the hurricane band resonant element; The forbidden band Frequency Design of helix microstrip resonant unit is 3 order harmonicses of operating frequency, and effect is to suppress 3 order harmonicses, and utilizes its slow wave effect, reduces circuit area; The electrical length of the little band open-circuit line of described long annulus shape is the quarter-wave twice of annular coupler operating frequency, and effect is the 2 order harmonicses generation inhibitory action to operating frequency; The phase place that the electrical length of the banded little band open-circuit line of described becate optionally compensates and decide, effect is the quarter-wave that the phase compensation of whole compensated compact microstrip resonant cell is arrived operating frequency.
The little band open-circuit line of the compensation of described long annulus shape and becate band shape is all in the same side of spiral resonant element.
A kind of annular coupler that constitutes based on compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit that the present invention proposes simultaneously, it is characterized in that, substitute six sections quarter-wave microstrip lines in traditional annular coupler that constitutes by six sections quarter-wave microstrip lines respectively by six compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance units; The characteristic impedance of six compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance units is 70.7 Ω.Little band open-circuit line collocation structure of long annulus shape and becate band shape lays respectively at the inside of annular coupler, can make full use of backing material like this, saves the space.
The annular coupler based on described compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit formation of the present invention's design, have good port standing wave, isolation equally with traditional quarter-wave annular coupler, have the power five equilibrium at port 2,4, phase difference is the fundamental characteristics of 180 degree.Have the harmonic restraining function that the traditional endless coupler is not had simultaneously, and circuit area reduces greatly.The present invention can make of the backing material of any suitable microwave circuit.
The operating frequency of the annular coupler based on compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit of the present invention can design as required, and the length that compensates little band open-circuit line and the little band open-circuit line of the banded compensation of becate based on length, the long annulus shape of this helix microstrip all needs to look concrete operating frequency and determines.The present invention only with the 2.4GHz operating frequency be example explanation, as long as adopt the annular coupler of compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit all to belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit of the present invention is made up of helix microstrip and open circuit compensating wire, and this resonant element is a transmission line at the fundamental frequency place, at second order and three these resonant elements of order harmonics place very strong inhibitory action is arranged.Advantages such as the annular coupler that utilizes compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit to constitute has harmonic wave to be suppressed, and reduces circuit area, and the insertion loss is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing traditional endless coupler structure schematic layout pattern.
Fig. 2 is traditional 2.4GHz annular coupler frequency response chart.
Fig. 3 is 50 Ω helix microstrip resonant units for existing characteristic impedance.
Fig. 4 is the frequency response curve of 50 Ω helix microstrip resonant units for existing characteristic impedance, and wherein solid line is a simulation curve, and dotted line is a test curve.
Fig. 5 is 50 Ω compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance units for characteristic impedance of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the frequency response curve of 50 Ω compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance units for characteristic impedance of the present invention, and wherein solid line is a simulation curve, and dotted line is a test curve.
Fig. 7 is the 2.4GHz annular coupler topology layout schematic diagram based on compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the 2.4GHz annular coupler frequency response curve based on compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment with further set forth substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and obvious improvement in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 has shown the helix microstrip resonant unit that Xue Quan delivered in 2000, this resonant element is made of in 50 Ω microstrip transmission lines four helix microstrip open-circuit lines, produce the forbidden band by resonance, thereby play the effect of filtering, increase the distributed capacitance and the inductance of transmission line in addition simultaneously, had the effect of slow wave.Fig. 4 is the frequency response curve of the helix microstrip resonant unit of 50 Ω for characteristic impedance, and wherein solid line is a simulation curve, and dotted line is a test curve.Can see that from the frequency response curve of Fig. 4 in helix microstrip resonant unit, in order to reach slow wave and the forbidden band performance that needs, the inductance of distribution and capacitance all increase by designing artificially.Yet as the structure of Fig. 3 design, the inductance of increase and capacitance are not linear.Thereby cause that the impedance in the low frequency pass band does not match, reflection coefficient is excessive, influences the Insertion Loss in the passband.
The structure of a kind of compensated compact microstrip resonant cell of the present invention's design as shown in Figure 5.Four sections helix microstrip lines constitute helix microstrip resonant unit 51, and 3 order harmonicses in operating frequency are designed in the forbidden band of helix microstrip resonant unit, thereby reach the purpose that suppresses 3 order harmonicses.Little band open-circuit line 52 of short compensation and the little band open-circuit line 53 of long compensation have compensated the impedance unbalance in the low frequency pass band, and 53 electrical length is the quarter-wave twice of operating frequency, thereby have suppressed 2 order harmonicses.Fig. 6 is the frequency response chart of the compensatory helix microstrip resonant unit of 50 Ω for the two ends port Impedance, and wherein solid line is a simulation curve, and dotted line is a test curve.Beating leg-of-mutton curve among the figure is reflection loss, and at operating frequency 2.4GHz, the port Impedance strictness matches 50 Ω, has very desirable stationary wave characteristic; The curve of beating square is the loss curve, and is suitable with traditional microstrip line in operating frequency 2.4GHz loss, and as we can see from the figure at 2 rank and 3 order harmonics places, has the isolation more than the 30dB.
As embodiment, the operating frequency that the present invention designs according to compensated compact microstrip resonant cell shown in Figure 5 is the annular coupler of 2.4GHz, as shown in Figure 7.Black part is divided into the microstrip line of coupler, and the substrate dielectric constant is 2.65, and thickness is 1.5mm, is of a size of 36.6mm * 15.15mm, and area is 45% of a traditional endless coupler.Six compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance units, its width is 2.25mm, and the characteristic impedance of working frequency points is 70.7 Ω, and these six unit replace the quarter-wave microstrip line of traditional annular coupler respectively, the open circuit compensated microstrip line is placed on coupler inside, saves Substrate Area.Input/ output port 1,2,3,4, corresponding to 50 Ω input and output impedances, its width is 3.9mm.The present invention can go out the annular coupler of each operating frequency with this structural design, and the present invention can also use the substrate of other materials such as aluminium oxide ceramics.
Fig. 8 is the response curve of this annular coupler example, and the curve of beating asterisk among the figure is the reflection coefficient of coupler port one.At operating frequency 2.4GHz, reflection coefficient suppresses all greater than 25dB on 2 rank and 3 order harmonics place harmonic waves all less than-20dB.Beat the isolation that leg-of-mutton curve is port one and port 3 among the figure, at operating frequency 2.4GHz, isolation is all greater than 20dB.Other two curves be respectively port one to port 2 and port one to the transmission coefficient of port 4, can see that power enters from port one, respectively at port 2 and port 4 five equilibriums, and phase difference is 180 degree.
Annular coupler centre frequency according to the design of Fig. 5 exemplary construction is 2.4GHz, and size only is 45% of a traditional endless coupler.The frequency response curve of this annular coupler as shown in Figure 8, operating frequency 2.4GHz performance is identical with traditional annular coupler, but go out to have very strong inhibitory action on 2 rank and 3 order harmonicses.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of compensated compact microstrip resonant cell, it is characterized in that described compensated compact microstrip resonant cell is made up of four spiral shaped microstrip open-circuit lines, little band open-circuit line collocation structure of long annulus shape and becate band shape is connected to the public part of two spiral shaped microstrip open-circuit lines in the compensated compact microstrip resonant cell;
The electrical length of the little band open-circuit line of described long annulus shape is the quarter-wave twice of compensated compact microstrip resonant cell operating frequency;
The electrical length of the banded little band open-circuit line of described becate is decided on the phase place that needs compensation, makes phase compensation arrive the quarter-wave of operating frequency.
2, by the described compensated compact microstrip resonant cell of claim 1, it is characterized in that little band open-circuit line of described long annulus shape and becate band shape the same side at compensated compact microstrip resonant cell.
3, the annular coupler that is made of the described compensated compact microstrip resonant cell of claim 1 is characterized in that it is to substitute six sections quarter-wave microstrip lines in traditional annular coupler that is made of six sections quarter-wave microstrip lines respectively by six compensated compact microstrip resonant cells; The banded little band open-circuit line of long annulus shape and becate all is positioned at the inside of annular coupler, and the characteristic impedance of six compensated compact microstrip resonant cells is 70.7 Ω.
4,, it is characterized in that the forbidden band of described compensated compact microstrip resonant cell is designed to 3 order harmonicses of operating frequency by the described annular coupler that constitutes by compensated compact microstrip resonant cell of claim 3.
5, by the described annular coupler that constitutes by compensated compact microstrip resonant cell of claim 3, it is characterized in that the compensated compact microstrip resonant cell operating frequency is 2.4GHz, six compensated compact microstrip resonant cell width are 2.25mm, the input and output port microstrip line construction, the width of this microstrip line is 3.9mm, corresponding to 50 Ω input and output impedances; The substrate dielectric constant is 2.65, and thickness is 1.5mm, and area is 45% of a traditional endless coupler.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005101103294A CN100574004C (en) | 2005-11-11 | 2005-11-11 | The annular coupler of compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit and formation thereof |
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| CNB2005101103294A CN100574004C (en) | 2005-11-11 | 2005-11-11 | The annular coupler of compensation-type spiral micro-band resonance unit and formation thereof |
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| CN1815804A CN1815804A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
| CN100574004C true CN100574004C (en) | 2009-12-23 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104218939A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-17 | 王少夫 | Adjustable hybrid coupler circuit |
| CN104202005A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-10 | 王少夫 | Adjustable annular coupler |
| CN108390135B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-02-18 | 上海中航欣盛航空技术有限公司 | Microstrip duplexer |
| JP7253722B2 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2023-04-07 | 学校法人上智学院 | Four-phase power divider and electronics |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002009503A (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-11 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Filter, duplexer and communication unit |
| CN1508903A (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2004-06-30 | ������������ʽ���� | Duplexer and communication apparatus |
| US6828882B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2004-12-07 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Multi-spiral element, resonator, filter, duplexer, and high-frequency circuit device |
| CN1622389A (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-06-01 | 海泰超导通讯科技（天津）有限公司 | Resonator with symmetric double helix structure and filter thereof |
| US6943644B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2005-09-13 | Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. | Resonator, filter, duplexer, and communication apparatus |
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2005
- 2005-11-11 CN CNB2005101103294A patent/CN100574004C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002009503A (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-11 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Filter, duplexer and communication unit |
| US6828882B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2004-12-07 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Multi-spiral element, resonator, filter, duplexer, and high-frequency circuit device |
| US6943644B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2005-09-13 | Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. | Resonator, filter, duplexer, and communication apparatus |
| CN1508903A (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2004-06-30 | ������������ʽ���� | Duplexer and communication apparatus |
| CN1622389A (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-06-01 | 海泰超导通讯科技（天津）有限公司 | Resonator with symmetric double helix structure and filter thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| Novel 1-D microstrip PBG cells. Xue q,Shum K M,Chan C H.IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett,Vol.10. 2000 * |
| Novel subharmonically pumped micer incorporating dual-bandstub and in-line SCMRC. Yum T Y,Xue Q,Chan C H.IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech,Vol.51. 2003 * |
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