CN109687086A - It is a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line and its optimization method for building up - Google Patents

It is a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line and its optimization method for building up Download PDF

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CN109687086A
CN109687086A CN201910073598.XA CN201910073598A CN109687086A CN 109687086 A CN109687086 A CN 109687086A CN 201910073598 A CN201910073598 A CN 201910073598A CN 109687086 A CN109687086 A CN 109687086A
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coupling line
chebyshev
groups
impedance
resistance
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CN109687086B (en
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王小龙
张楠
吴斌
王庆凤
卢革宇
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/30—Circuit design
    • G06F30/39—Circuit design at the physical level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line, including source termination impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units, it is characterized in that, further including between the source termination impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units by power distributing unit connection in parallel after two groups of multiple even number section coupling line series connection；One end of the power distributing unit is connect with the source termination impedance unit simultaneously respectively, and the other end is connect by least one equal number of transmission line with the load end impedance unit simultaneously respectively；The both ends for the coupling line connecting with the transmission line are connected by resistance.The invention also discloses a kind of optimization method for building up based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line.

Description

It is a kind of golden based on the cascade Weir with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Gloomy power divider and its optimization method for building up
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio circuit microstrip line device fabrication techniques fields, and in particular to one kind is based on multistage coupling line grade The Wilkinson power divider and its optimization method for building up with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of connection.
Background technique
With the development of society, people are also more and more to the requirement elements of information, either civilian communication system is also It is that demand in military radar system, to the stability in message transmitting procedure is also higher and higher.In communication system, radar In system and electronic warfare system, microwave power divider is a vital passive device.Its effect is defeated Enter the signal at end and equal part or be not divided into multichannel as desired to transmit information, achievees the purpose that power distribution.Needing Gao Gong When rate goes transmission information, output end is regarded as input terminal, input terminal is regarded as output end, multichannel power is summed it up at all the way Signal be power combiner go using.
As the mode of radio transmission information is more more and more universal, the requirement to its function is also with raising.Main body Present features several once: the 1, power magnitude of power distribution；2, reduce insertion loss；3, the isolation between two ports is exported Property；4, the phase equalization of input terminal and output end.
The method of mainstream power distributor has following two method at present: 1, being based on microstrip line construction power divider； 2, it is based on waveguide structure power divider.
Wherein the advantages of microstrip structure power divider, is that circuit structure is simple, compact, at low cost, and performance is stablized, frequency Rate range is big etc..Relative to the power divider that microstrip line is done, the advantages of power divider that waveguiding structure is done, is to be inserted into damage Consume low, power capacity height, degree of balance height etc..But its volume is excessively huge for microstrip structure.So for entire power The performance indicator of distributor is researching and designing amount of bandwidth, ground insertion loss, the high-amplitude degree of balance, two port isolation characteristics height With height phase equalization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of based on the cascade Weir gold with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Gloomy power divider, goal of the invention of the invention first is that traditional transmission line is substituted for coupling line, solve earth Line realizes the problem of ripples such as identical Chebyshev.
The isolation that transmission line carries out coupling line is arranged in source or load end second is that passing through in goal of the invention of the invention.
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of based on the cascade Weir gold with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line The optimization method for building up of gloomy power divider, and then obtain the Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic.
Technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
It is a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line, including Source termination impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units further include the source termination impedance unit and two groups of loads terminal impedance list Pass through power distributing unit connection in parallel after two groups of multiple even number section coupling line series connection between member；
One end of the power distributing unit is connect with the source termination impedance unit simultaneously respectively, and the other end leads to simultaneously respectively At least one equal number of transmission line is crossed to connect with the load end impedance unit；And
The both ends for the coupling line connecting with the transmission line are connected by resistance.
Preferably,
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of coupling line Z in parallel simultaneouslyev1, Zod1One end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3 One end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and transmission line ZTOne End；
Resistance R3One end simultaneously connect first group of transmission line ZTThe other end and first group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, The other end connects second group of transmission line Z simultaneouslyTThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
Preferably,
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of coupling line Z in parallel simultaneouslyev1, Zod1One end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev1, Zod1 The other end and coupling line Zev2, Zod2One end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2The other end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end；
Resistance R3Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；
Resistance R4Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and first transmission line ZT One end；
Resistance R5Both ends connect first transmission line Z simultaneously respectivelyTThe other end and second transmission line ZTOne end；
Resistance R6One end simultaneously connect first group of second transmission line ZTThe other end and first group of load terminal impedance RLOne End, the other end connect second group of second transmission line Z simultaneouslyTThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
It is a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line, including Source termination impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units further include power point in parallel after two groups of multiple odd number section coupling lines are connected With unit；
One end of the power distributing unit is hindered by least one equal number of transmission line and the source simultaneously respectively Anti- unit connection, the other end are connect with the load end impedance unit simultaneously respectively；And
The both ends for the coupling line connecting with the load end impedance unit are connected by resistance.
Preferably,
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of transmission line Z in parallel simultaneouslyTOne end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, the both ends of Zero-ohm resistor connect Z simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2One end and coupling Line Zev3, Zod3One end；
Resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and coupling line Zev5, Zod5One end；
Resistance R3One end simultaneously connect first group of coupling line Zev5, Zod5The other end and first group of load terminal impedance RL's One end, the other end connect second group of coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5The other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
Preferably,
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of first transmission line Z in parallel simultaneouslyTOne end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection first transmission line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyT's The other end and second transmission line ZTOne end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection second transmission line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyTThe other end and coupling line Zev1, Zod1 One end；
Resistance R3Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev1, Zod1The other end and coupling line Zev2, Zod2One end；
Resistance R4Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2The other end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end；
Resistance R5Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；
Resistance R6Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and coupling line Zev5, Zod5One end；
Resistance R7One end connect coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5The other end and zygonema Zev3, Zod3First group of load end Impedance RLOne end, the other end connects coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5The other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
It is a kind of based on the excellent of the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Change method for building up, includes the following steps:
Step 1: determining the source termination impedance value Z of circuit in the power dividerSWith load end impedance value ZL, and make ZS/ZL=2；
Step 2: calculating same order after the order of ripples such as Chebyshev of circuit in the determining power divider Chebyshev polynomials and the identical cascade matrix of number of segment coupling line；
Step 3: calculating the transfer function of the two according to the Chebyshev polynomials and the matrix respectively, make simultaneously The transfer function that the transfer function of the matrix and the Chebyshev calculate is equal；
Step 4: calculating the impedance value of every section of coupling line according to the constraint condition, and then obtain the Wilkinson function Original required circuit in rate distributor；
Step 5: source termination impedance value is constant in the holding original required circuit, load end impedance value is made to be expanded to original 2 Times, required circuit in the Wilkinson power divider is obtained, and then obtain the Wilkinson power divider.
Preferably, in the step 2, the Chebyshev polynomials include Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind and Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind:
The Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind is Tn=2xTn-1(x)-Tn-2(x)；
The Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind is Un+1(x)=2xUn(x)-Un-1(x)；And
In the step 3, the transfer function that the Chebyshev calculates is
In formula, cos (n φ+q ξ)=Tn(x)Tq(y)-Vn(x)Vq(y),N is Qie Bixue The order of husband's filter, q 1.
Preferably, in the step 2, the matrix of n sections of coupling lines is
Wherein, i-th section of matrix is in n sections
In formula, q=cot θ, Si=(Zevi+Zodi)/Z0, Ti=(Zedi-Zodi)/Z0, ZeviAnd ZodiRespectively even modular character Impedance and odd modular character impedance；And
In the step 3, the transfer function of the n sections of coupling line circuit is
In formula,
Preferably, based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of 4 sections of coupling lines Optimization method for building up include the following steps:
In the step 2, the matrix of 4 sections of coupling lines is
Wherein,
The multinomial of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshev of the first kind is T4(x)=8x3-8x+1；
The multinomial of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshev of the second class is U4(x)=16x4-12x2+1；
In the step 3, the transfer function of 4 sections of coupling wire matrixs is
In formula,
Wherein, Xm=(am-k·dm), Yn=(bn-k·cn)；
The transfer function of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshevs is
Wherein,And
Meanwhile makingAnd
The present invention compared with prior art possessed by the utility model has the advantages that
1, traditional transmission line is substituted for coupling line, so there is no need to ground line in parallel can realize it is identical The ripples such as Chebyshev；
2, it in order to realize based on the completely isolated of multifrequency point, for three sections of coupling line cascades and five sections of coupling line cascades, needs Will source side be added two 100 Ω transmission line come increase the position for the resistance that can discharge realize isolation；For two sections of couplings Zygonema cascade and four sections of coupling line cascades, need that two transmission lines are added in load side to realize isolation；And for most In several microwave systems, do not need in the case that all frequency points all realize precisely isolation, it is only necessary to additional that a transmission is added Line can realize isolation, and can also remove a part of resistance on the basis of the model that each frequency point is isolated, this Method can greatly reduce insertion loss.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of traditional power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic.
Fig. 2 is the knot of the cascade power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of four sections of coupling lines proposed by the present invention Composition.
Fig. 3 is the cascade even mould analysis model figure of four sections of coupling lines of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the cascade odd mode analysis illustraton of model of four sections of coupling lines of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the ADS analogous diagram of the model of Fig. 4
Fig. 6 is the model of the cascade power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of simplified four sections of coupling lines Figure.
Fig. 7 is the ADS analogous diagram of the model of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the knot of the cascade power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of five sections of coupling lines proposed by the present invention Composition.
Fig. 9 is the ADS analogous diagram of the model of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the model of the cascade power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of five sections of coupling lines after abbreviation Figure.
Figure 11 is the ADS analogous diagram of the model of Figure 10.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in Figure 1, the ripples power distributor such as Chebyshev based on conventional method, in order to realize Chebyshev etc. Ripple, it is necessary to have n sections of transmission line series connection and n+1 sections of parallel connection ground lines.When designing Wilkinson power divider, in order to go Fall interfering with each other between two biography accesses, needs to connect a resistance between two transmission channels, match, reach with output end To the effect of isolation, allow the energy consumption of 2 ports to 3 ports on intermediate resistance, allowing between two ports does not have energy Transmit the characteristic being isolated.
The present invention provides a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson function with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Rate distributor, including source termination impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units, further include the source termination impedance unit and described two Pass through power distributing unit connection in parallel after two groups of multiple even number section coupling line series connection between group load end impedance unit；It is described One end of power distributing unit is connect with the source termination impedance unit simultaneously respectively, and the other end passes through at least one etc. simultaneously respectively The transmission line of quantity is connect with the load end impedance unit；The both ends for the coupling line connecting with the transmission line are connected by resistance It connects.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of coupling line Z in parallel simultaneouslyev1, Zod1One end, the other end ground connection；In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Two groups of connection simultaneously is in parallel respectively at both ends Coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection couplings in parallel simultaneously respectively Zygonema Zev4, Zod4The other end and transmission line ZTOne end；Resistance R3One end simultaneously connect first group of transmission line ZTThe other end With first group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, the other end simultaneously connect second group of transmission line ZTThe other end and second group of load end Impedance RLOne end；First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of coupling line Z in parallel simultaneouslyev1, Zod1One end, the other end ground connection；In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Two groups of connection simultaneously is in parallel respectively at both ends Coupling line Zev1, Zod1The other end and coupling line Zev2, Zod2One end；Resistance R2Two groups of connection simultaneously is in parallel respectively at both ends Coupling line Zev2, Zod2The other end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end；Resistance R3Two groups of connection simultaneously is in parallel respectively at both ends Coupling line Zev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；Resistance R4Two groups of connection is in parallel simultaneously respectively at both ends Coupling line Zev4, Zod4The other end and first transmission line ZTOne end；Resistance R5Both ends connect first transmission line simultaneously respectively ZTThe other end and second transmission line ZTOne end；Resistance R6One end simultaneously connect first group of second transmission line ZTThe other end With first group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, the other end simultaneously connect second group of second transmission line ZTThe other end and second group it is negative Carry terminal impedance RLOne end；First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end connect respectively Ground.
The present invention also provides a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Power divider, including source termination impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units further include two groups of multiple odd number section coupling line strings Power distributing unit in parallel after connection；One end of the power distributing unit passes through at least one equal number of transmission simultaneously respectively Line is connect with the source termination impedance unit, and the other end is connect with the load end impedance unit simultaneously respectively；With the load end The both ends of the coupling line of impedance unit connection are connected by resistance.
In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of transmission line Z in parallel simultaneouslyT's One end, other end ground connection；In the power distributing unit, the both ends of Zero-ohm resistor connect Z simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2One End and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end；Resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3It is another End and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4It is another End and coupling line Zev5, Zod5One end；Resistance R3One end simultaneously connect first group of coupling line Zev5, Zod5The other end and first Group load terminal impedance RLOne end, the other end simultaneously connect second group of coupling line Zev5, Zod5The other end and second group of load end Impedance RLOne end；First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
In another embodiment, as shown in figure 8, source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of first transmission lines in parallel simultaneously ZTOne end, the other end ground connection；In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends respectively two groups of connection simultaneously it is in parallel the One transmission line ZTThe other end and second transmission line ZTOne end；Resistance R2Both ends respectively two groups of connection simultaneously it is in parallel second Transmission line ZTThe other end and coupling line Zev1, Zod1One end；Resistance R3Both ends two groups of connection couplings in parallel simultaneously respectively Line Zev1, Zod1The other end and coupling line Zev2, Zod2One end；Resistance R4Both ends two groups of connection couplings in parallel simultaneously respectively Line Zev2, Zod2The other end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end；Resistance R5Both ends two groups of connection couplings in parallel simultaneously respectively Line Zev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；Resistance R6Both ends two groups of connection couplings in parallel simultaneously respectively Line Zev4, Zod4The other end and coupling line Zev5, Zod5One end；Resistance R7One end connect coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5It is another One end and zygonema Zev3, Zod3First group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, the other end connects coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5It is another One end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RL The other end be grounded respectively.
The present invention provides a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson function with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line The optimization method for building up of rate distributor, includes the following steps:
Step 1: determining the source termination impedance value Z of this circuitSAnd load end impedance value ZL, it is desirable that ZS/ZL=2；
Step 2: determining the order of the ripples such as the Chebyshev of this circuit, i.e., the number of coupling line and transmission line in circuit Sum；
Step 3: calculating the Chebyshev polynomials of same order according to the order of the ripples such as Chebyshev in step 2 Expression formula；
Wherein, Chebyshev polynomials use Tn(x) n times Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind, first few items Qie Bixue are indicated Husband's first kind multinomial are as follows:
High-order Chebyshev's first kind multinomial can be indicated with recurrence formula:
Tn=2xTn-1(x)-Tn-2(x)；
Chebyshev's the second class multinomial uses Un(x) n times Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind, first few items Qie Bixue are indicated Two class multinomial of husband are as follows:
The second class of high-order Chebyshev multinomial can be indicated with recurrence formula:
Un+1(x)=2xUn(x)-Un-1(x)；
Since Chebyshev polynomials have following characteristic, so the ripples such as can generate:
(1) for -1≤x≤1, | Tn(x)|≤1；X in -1 to 1 section, shake between ± 1 by Chebyshev polynomials It swings；
(2) for | x | > 1, Chebyshev are not shaken between ± 1, | Tn(x) | rapidly increase with the increase of x and n Add.If x=cos θ, | Tn(x) | it is shaken between ± 1, to generate the ripples such as Chebyshev；
For Chebyshev inequality:
X=cos φ=α cos θ, y=cos ξ is enabled, and is had
Wherein, α is the parameter for being used to measure bandpass filter bandwidth, is defined asIn this formula, θcFor Electrical length when lower one in two cutoff frequencies of filter；
Bandwidth
Therefore, the transfer function of a Chebyshev are as follows:
In formula, n and q are constant, and n is the order of Chebyshev filter, the i.e. number of segment of coupling line, q 1, cos (n φ+ Q ξ)=Tn(x)Tq(y)-Vn(x)Vq(y)；
Wherein, TnFor Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind,UnIt (x) is Chebyshev second Class multinomial；
Step 4: deriving that identical number of segment coupling line is cascade according to the order of the ripples such as Chebyshev in step 2 The expression formula of abcd matrix；
Wherein, the abcd matrix of one section of coupling line are as follows:
In formula, q=cot θ, Si=(Zevi+Zodi)/Z0, Ti=(Zedi-Zodi)/Z0, ZeviAnd ZodiRespectively even modular character Impedance and odd modular character impedance；
The abcd matrix of n sections of coupling lines are as follows:
At this point, the transfer function of matrix is
Both Step 5: according to abcd matrix calculated in step 3 and step 4 and Chebyshev polynomials, calculate Constraint condition, so that the circuit in the present invention is met the structure of Chebyshev polynomials；
Wherein, constraint condition is to enable the transfer function S calculated by the ABCD of coupling line21With calculated by Chebyshev Transfer function S21It is equal, and A is met for the abcd matrix of coupling lineTOT=kDTOT；
Step 6: calculating the Z of every section of coupling line according to the constraint condition calculated in step 5evAnd Zod；
Step 7: an available multistage coupling line is cascade to have Chebyshev's filter according to the calculating in step 6 The power divider of wave property；
Step 8: by the obtained impedance transformer design with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic at upper and lower two branches, this When left side source termination impedance value be ZSConstant, the load of two, right side branch is expanded to original 2 times, at this time ZS=ZL；
Step 9: with the method according to isolation proposed by the present invention, to addition resistance and biography in designed power divider Defeated line, the port for loading two realize isolation, obtain Wilkinson power divider of the invention.
Embodiment
The design parameter of corresponding model is found out first
It is established as shown in figure 3, the model established to four sections of coupling line cascades carries out even mould analysis, in the present embodiment, prestige The even mould of Er Jinsen power divider is equivalent to the impedance transformer of 100 Ω of source and 50 Ω of load end, using ABCD square The method dual module of battle array is analyzed, the ABCD matrix of one section of coupling line are as follows:
Whole abcd matrix are as follows:
Wherein,
The transfer function S of model21It is expressed from the next:
Wherein, k=Zl/Zs, it can be exported by above formula:
Wherein, Xm=(am-k·dm), Yn=(bn-k·cn)；
Wherein the transfer function of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshevs ideally can be write as:
Wherein:
As long as so allowingCan be obtained by the ripples such as Chebyshev, thus it is available it is following about Beam relationship: Xm=0,
As shown in figure 4, the model for establishing four sections of coupling line cascades carries out odd mode analysis foundation, it is based on owning to realize Frequency point it is completely isolated, for the odd mould of four sections of coupling lines, need load side be added two 50 Ω transmission line, It is conjugate impedance match as viewed from port since the load of impedance transformer is 50 Ω, therefore two sections of transmission lines is added not in port It will affect the characteristic of model script, be isolated to realize it is necessary to guarantee that the port in odd mode analysis is all matched in five frequency points, therefore There is following relationship:
In order to realize in the characteristic that each frequency point is all isolated, there must be ZTOT=50 Ω (@f1, f2, f3, f4, f5), meet this The structure chart and analogous diagram of the circuit of part are as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5: circuit parameters are as follows at this time:
Zev1=350.9924 Ω, Zod1=123.5723 Ω, Zev2=304.6944 Ω, Zod2=92 Ω, Zev3= 268.1235Ω
Zod3=92 Ω, Zev4=185.2213 Ω, Zod4=52.06098 Ω, ZT=50 Ω, R1=627.0866 Ω,
R2=6.2633 Ω, R3=64.1534 Ω, R4=81.0649 Ω, R5=185.862 Ω, R6=660.7896 Ω
In engineering problem, so high isolation characteristic is not needed generally, it is only necessary to guarantee to guarantee in the range of passband S23And S22Below -20dB, still can remove some resistance and some transmission lines on the basis of the model of figure, Simplified circuit model figure and ADS analogous diagram are as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the parameter constant of specific coupling line and transmission line, abbreviation Resistance parameter afterwards are as follows:
R1=63 Ω, R2=83.5 Ω, R3=234 Ω；
From the figure we can see that in Chebyshev's passband, S23And S22In -20dB hereinafter, can achieve isolation Effect, and the overall dimensions of circuit and complexity all have dropped a part.
It, need to be in five sections of continuous coupling lines in order to reach optimal isolation effect for five sections of coupling line cascades Close load side be added two section of 100 Ω transmission line, circuit model figure is as shown in figure 8, its design parameter are as follows:
ZT=100 Ω, Zev1=278.8928 Ω, Zod1=50.34084 Ω, Zev2=258.3995 Ω, Zod2=35 Ω,
Zev3=243.3995 Ω, Zod3=41 Ω, Zev4=211.9244 Ω, Zod3=37 Ω, Zev5=148.1626 Ω,
Zod5=16.45425 Ω, R1=188.924 Ω, R2=259.831 Ω, R3=367.81 Ω, R4=364.086 Ω,
R5=489.783 Ω, R6=583.047 Ω, R7=685.26 Ω
Its ADS simulation result is as shown in Figure 9:
Similarly, we can carry out abbreviation to this model, and when not needing very high isolation, we can be in model On the basis of remove transmission line and 4 resistance close to source, and will be connected between second segment coupling line, illustraton of model and ADS analogous diagram is as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11:
Its circuit model design parameter are as follows: R1=105.6123 Ω, R2=220.78 Ω, R3=209.84 Ω
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited In specific details and legend shown and described herein.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line, including source Terminal impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units, which is characterized in that further include that the source termination impedance unit and described two groups are born It carries between terminal impedance unit through power distributing unit connection in parallel after two groups of multiple even number section coupling line series connection；
One end of the power distributing unit is connect with the source termination impedance unit simultaneously respectively, and the other end is respectively simultaneously by extremely Few equal number of transmission lines are connect with the load end impedance unit；And
The both ends for the coupling line connecting with the transmission line are connected by resistance.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the cascade Wilkinson power with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Distributor, which is characterized in that
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of coupling line Z in parallel simultaneouslyev1, Zod1One end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3One end With coupling line Zev4, Zod4One end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and transmission line ZTOne end；
Resistance R3One end simultaneously connect first group of transmission line ZTThe other end and first group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, it is another The second group of transmission line Z in end while connectionTThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the cascade Wilkinson power with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Distributor, which is characterized in that
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of coupling line Z in parallel simultaneouslyev1, Zod1One end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev1, Zod1It is another End and coupling line Zev2, Zod2One end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2The other end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One End；
Resistance R3Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One End；
Resistance R4Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and first transmission line ZTOne End；
Resistance R5Both ends connect first transmission line Z simultaneously respectivelyTThe other end and second transmission line ZTOne end；
Resistance R6One end simultaneously connect first group of second transmission line ZTThe other end and first group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, The other end connects second group of second transmission line Z simultaneouslyTThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
4. a kind of based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line, including source Terminal impedance unit and two groups of load end impedance units, which is characterized in that further include after two groups of multiple odd number section coupling lines series connection simultaneously The power distributing unit of connection；
One end of the power distributing unit passes through at least one equal number of transmission line and the source termination impedance list simultaneously respectively Member connection, the other end are connect with the load end impedance unit simultaneously respectively；And
The both ends for the coupling line connecting with the load end impedance unit are connected by resistance.
5. as claimed in claim 4 based on the cascade Wilkinson power with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Distributor, which is characterized in that
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of transmission line Z in parallel simultaneouslyTOne end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, the both ends of Zero-ohm resistor connect Z simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2One end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One end；
Resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One End；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and coupling line Zev5, Zod5One End；
Resistance R3One end simultaneously connect first group of coupling line Zev5, Zod5The other end and first group of load terminal impedance RLOne end, The other end connects second group of coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5The other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
6. as claimed in claim 4 based on the cascade Wilkinson power with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Distributor, which is characterized in that
Source termination impedance RSOne end connects two groups of first transmission line Z in parallel simultaneouslyTOne end, the other end ground connection；And
In the power distributing unit, resistance R1Both ends two groups of connection first transmission line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyTIt is another End and second transmission line ZTOne end；
Resistance R2Both ends two groups of connection second transmission line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyTThe other end and coupling line Zev1, Zod1One End；
Resistance R3Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev1, Zod1The other end and coupling line Zev2, Zod2One End；
Resistance R4Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev2, Zod2The other end and coupling line Zev3, Zod3One End；
Resistance R5Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev3, Zod3The other end and coupling line Zev4, Zod4One End；
Resistance R6Both ends two groups of connection coupling line Z in parallel simultaneously respectivelyev4, Zod4The other end and coupling line Zev5, Zod5One End；
Resistance R7One end connect coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5The other end and zygonema Zev3, Zod3First group of load terminal impedance RL One end, the other end connects coupling line Z simultaneouslyev5, Zod5The other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLOne end；
First group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end and second group of load terminal impedance RLThe other end be grounded respectively.
7. a kind of optimization based on the cascade Wilkinson power divider with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line Method for building up, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: determining the source termination impedance value Z of circuit in the power dividerSWith load end impedance value ZL, and make ZS/ZL= 2；
Step 2: determining that calculate same order cuts ratio in the power divider after the order of ripples such as Chebyshev of circuit Avenge husband's multinomial and the identical cascade matrix of number of segment coupling line；
Step 3: calculating the transfer function of the two according to the Chebyshev polynomials and the matrix respectively, while making described The transfer function that the transfer function of matrix and the Chebyshev calculate is equal；
Step 4: calculating the impedance value of every section of coupling line according to the constraint condition, and then obtain the Wilkinson power point Original required circuit in orchestration；
Step 5: source termination impedance value is constant in the holding original required circuit, load end impedance value is made to be expanded to original 2 times, Required circuit in the Wilkinson power divider is obtained, and then obtains the Wilkinson power divider.
8. as claimed in claim 7 based on the cascade Wilkinson power with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line The optimization method for building up of distributor, which is characterized in that in the step 2, the Chebyshev polynomials include that the first kind is cut Than snow husband's multinomial and Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind:
The Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind is Tn=2xTn-1(x)-Tn-2(x)；
The Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind is Un+1(x)=2xUn(x)-Un-1(x)；And
In the step 3, the transfer function that the Chebyshev calculates is
In formula, cos (n φ+q ξ)=Tn(x)Tq(y)-Vn(x)Vq(y),N is Chebyshev's filter The order of wave device, q 1.
9. as claimed in claim 7 based on the cascade Wilkinson power with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line The optimization method for building up of distributor, which is characterized in that in the step 2, the matrix of n sections of coupling lines is
Wherein, i-th section of matrix is in n sections
In formula, q=cot θ, Si=(Zevi+Zodi)/Z0, Ti=(Zedi-Zodi)/Z0, ZeviAnd ZodiRespectively even modular character impedance and Odd modular character impedance；And
In the step 3, the transfer function of the n sections of coupling line circuit is
In formula,
10. as claimed in claim 7 based on the cascade Wilkinson function with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of multistage coupling line The optimization method for building up of rate distributor, which is characterized in that based on the cascade prestige with Chebyshev's filtering characteristic of 4 sections of coupling lines The optimization method for building up of Er Jinsen power divider includes the following steps:
In the step 2, the matrix of 4 sections of coupling lines is
Wherein,
The multinomial of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshev of the first kind is T4(x)=8x3-8x+1；
The multinomial of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshev of the second class is U4(x)=16x4-12x2+1；
In the step 3, the transfer function of 4 sections of coupling wire matrixs is
In formula,
Wherein, Xm=(am-k·dm), Yn=(bn-k·cn)；
The transfer function of the ripples such as 4 rank Chebyshevs is
Wherein,And
Meanwhile makingAnd
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