CN108873328A - Head-mounted display apparatus - Google Patents

Head-mounted display apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108873328A
CN108873328A CN201710343926.4A CN201710343926A CN108873328A CN 108873328 A CN108873328 A CN 108873328A CN 201710343926 A CN201710343926 A CN 201710343926A CN 108873328 A CN108873328 A CN 108873328A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
image strip
beam splitter
head
light
image
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Pending
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CN201710343926.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
施智维
洪毅
郑权得
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Coretronic Corp
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Coretronic Corp
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Application filed by Coretronic Corp filed Critical Coretronic Corp
Priority to CN201710343926.4A priority Critical patent/CN108873328A/en
Publication of CN108873328A publication Critical patent/CN108873328A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0112—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
    • G02B2027/0114—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display comprising dichroic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view

Abstract

A kind of head-mounted display apparatus, including display, first wave guide element and second waveguide element.First wave guide element includes the first incidence surface, the first light-emitting surface and multiple first beam splitters.Image strip from display is via the first incidence surface incidence first wave guide element.Image strip leaves first wave guide element via the first light-emitting surface.Second waveguide element includes the second incidence surface, the second light-emitting surface and multiple second beam splitters.Image strip from first wave guide element is via the second incidence surface incidence second waveguide element.Image strip leaves via the second light-emitting surface and is projected to projection target.The reflectivity of the second beam splitter of n-th in second beam splitter is less than or equal to the reflectivity of (N+1) a second beam splitter in the second beam splitter.

Description

Head-mounted display apparatus
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of display devices, and in particular to a kind of head-mounted display apparatus.
Background technique
Near-eye display (Near Eye Display, NED) and head-mounted display (Head-mounted Display, HMD) it is the next-generation Killer product that great hair produces potentiality at present.In the related application of nearly eye display technology, Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) technology and virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) can be divided at present Technology.For augmented reality technology, related development personnel are dedicated to how optimal shadow being provided under the premise of frivolous at present As quality.
In the optics framework that head-mounted display realizes augmented reality, the image strip to show is sent out by projection arrangement After out, the eyes of user are entered via waveguide.The environment light beam of image and the external world from light valve, entering via waveguide makes The eyes of user, achieve the effect that augmented reality.In current head-mounted display product, because waveguide and optical-mechanical mechanism Distance is got too close to, and blocks the visual field that environment light beam enters eyes, the feeling of immersion of destruction, big for the effect of augmented reality It gives a discount.
Now for the requirement of head-wearing display device, may wish to can be closer to general spectacles or sunglasses Design, therefore how to move huge ray machine to except the visible area of user, do not stop the sight of user, is current One of important project.In addition, the available visual angle size of head-mounted display and its volume are also to influence user to experience Key factor.
" background technique " paragraph is used only to help to understand the content of present invention, therefore disclosed in " background technique " paragraph Content may include some known technologies without constituting road known to those skilled in the art.Disclosed in " background technique " paragraph Content, do not represent the content or the one or more embodiment problems to be solved of the present invention, before the present patent application It is readily known to those persons skilled in the art or recognizes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, can provide big visual angle and good display quality, and volume It is small.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be further understood from technical characteristic disclosed in this invention. It is up to one of above-mentioned or purpose or other purposes partially or in whole, one embodiment of the invention proposes a kind of wear-type display dress It sets.Head-mounted display apparatus includes display, first wave guide element and second waveguide element.Display is for providing image light Beam.Image strip transmits and is projected to projection target.First wave guide element includes the first incidence surface, the first light-emitting surface and more A first beam splitter.Image strip from display is via the first incidence surface incidence first wave guide element.Image strip First wave guide element is left via the first light-emitting surface.Second waveguide element is connected to first wave guide element.Second waveguide element packet Include the second incidence surface, the second light-emitting surface and multiple second beam splitters.From first wave guide element image strip via Second incidence surface incidence second waveguide element.Image strip leaves via the second light-emitting surface and is projected to projection target.Second (N+1) that the reflectivity of the second beam splitter of n-th in beam splitter is less than or equal in the second beam splitter is a The reflectivity of second beam splitter.N is greater than or equal to 1 integer.
To make the foregoing features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below, and institute's attached drawing is cooperated to make Detailed description are as follows.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is painted the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2A is painted the schematic side view of the head-mounted display apparatus of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 B is painted the light path schematic side view of the head-mounted display apparatus of embodiment in Fig. 2A of the present invention.
Fig. 2 C is painted the schematic side view of another head-mounted display apparatus of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is painted the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is painted the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 A is painted the schematic diagram of an embodiment of head-mounted display apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 5 B is painted the schematic diagram of an embodiment of head-mounted display apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 5 C is painted the schematic diagram of an embodiment of head-mounted display apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 6 A is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 B is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is painted the schematic top plan view of the second waveguide element of Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is painted the reflectivity of the reflectivity of the diffusion plated film of one embodiment of the invention relative to the incidence angle of image strip The schematic diagram of distribution curve.
The schematic diagram for the image frame that the image strip that Fig. 9 is painted Fig. 7 embodiment generates in place of projecting target.
Figure 10 is painted the schematic side view of the first wave guide element of Fig. 1.
The schematic diagram for the image frame that the image strip that Figure 11 is painted Figure 10 embodiment generates in place of projecting target.
The summary for the image frame that the image strip that Figure 12 A is painted stacking chart 9 and Figure 11 generates in place of projecting target is shown It is intended to.
Figure 12 B is painted the schematic diagram that image strip is reflexed to projection target by the second different beam splitters.
The image strip that Figure 13 is painted one embodiment of the invention is incident to second waveguide element by incident first beam splitter Schematic diagram.
Figure 14 A is painted the schematic diagram of incident first beam splitter of image strip of one embodiment of the invention.
The schematic diagram of incident first beam splitter of the image strip of another embodiment of the present invention depicted in Figure 14 B.
Figure 15 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 16 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 17 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 18 is painted the schematic diagram of the subelement of the head-mounted display apparatus of Figure 17 embodiment.
Figure 19 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 20 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 21 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In relation to addressing other technologies content, feature and effect before the present invention, implement in following cooperation with reference to one of attached drawing In the detailed description of example, can clearly it present.The direction term being previously mentioned in following embodiment, such as：Upper and lower, left and right, It is front or rear etc., it is only the direction with reference to attached drawing.Therefore, the direction term used is intended to be illustrative and not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is painted the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2A is painted the wear-type of Fig. 1 The schematic side view of display device.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A is please referred to, the head-mounted display apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes first wave guide Element 110, second waveguide element 120, display 130 and lens module 140.Second waveguide element 120 is connected to first wave Guiding element 110.Lens module 140 configures between display 130 and first wave guide element 110.
In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 110 includes the first incidence surface S11, the first light-emitting surface S12 and multiple the One beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4.First beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 is arranged along first direction Y.In the present embodiment, One incidence surface S11 is oppositely arranged with the first light-emitting surface S12, but the present invention is not limited thereto.In one embodiment, according to display The difference of 130 setting position, the first incidence surface S11 can also be adjacent with the first light-emitting surface S12.In the present embodiment, image light Beam ML first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 position occur semi-penetration semi-reflective optical effect, the first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 are, for example, semi-penetration semi-reflective film (See Through Mirror, STM).In the present embodiment, second waveguide member Part 120 includes the second incidence surface S21, the second light-emitting surface S22 and multiple second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, In the second incidence surface S21, the second light-emitting surface S22 belong to same surface, difference is the second incidence surface of second waveguide element 120 S21 is the first light-emitting surface S12 in face of first wave guide element 110.Second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 is along second party It is arranged to X.In the present embodiment, image strip ML occurs partly to wear in the position of second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 The optical effect of saturating half reflection.In the present embodiment, the quantity of beam splitter included by each waveguide component and adjacent light splitting member The spacing of part can design it according to different product demand, not to limit the present invention.Also, the quantity of the first beam splitter Can be identical as the quantity of the second beam splitter or not identical, the spacing of adjacent beam splitter can be identical or not identical.In this implementation In example, display 130 is used to the illuminating bundle from lighting system being converted to image strip ML, with provide image strip ML to Lens module 140, wherein lighting system will be described in detail in following content.In this example it is shown that device 130 for example including Numerical digit light source handles (Digital Light ProcessingTM, abbreviation DLPTM) optical projection system, liquid crystal display (liquid- Crystal display, abbreviation LCD) optical projection system or liquid crystal cover silicon (Liquid Crystal On Silicon, referred to as LCoS) the image projecting systems such as optical projection system, only the present invention is not limited thereto.In the present embodiment, lens module 140 is for example For one or more lens, quantity is unlimited, depending on design.Lens module 140, which has optical axis A1, to be prolonged on third direction Z It stretches.Image strip ML is transmitted in lens module 140 along third direction Z.Image strip ML from display 130 passes through Lens module 140, via the first incidence surface S11 incidence first wave guide element 110.In the present embodiment, in first wave guide element Image strip ML penetrates the first beam splitter Y1 within 110 and Y is transmitted along a first direction, and image strip ML is via first After the effect of beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 reflection, along the opposite direction (- Z) of third direction Z via the first light-emitting surface S12 leaves first wave guide element 110, it is notable that and first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 is semi-penetration semi-reflective film, Namely part image strip ML can be reflected by first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and part image strip ML is penetrated in first Beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 are description emphasis with the light path of main image strip ML in the present embodiment.
In addition, from first wave guide element 110 image strip ML along third direction Z opposite direction (- Z) via Second incidence surface S21 enters to inject second waveguide element 120, and via court after the reflecting surface S23 of second waveguide element 120 reflection It is transmitted to second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 of second waveguide element 120.In the present embodiment, in second waveguide Image strip ML within element 120 is transmitted along second direction X, image strip ML via second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, After the effect of X4, X5, X6 reflection, second waveguide element 110 is left from the second light-emitting surface S22, is projected to projection target P.Cause This, in the present embodiment, the second incidence surface S21 and the second light-emitting surface S22 are the same surfaces of second waveguide element 120, but Two light-emitting surface S22 are in face of projection target P.In the present embodiment, projection target P be, for example, pupil be user eyes wherein it One.In other embodiments, projection target P is, for example, the Image sensor apparatus for receiving image strip ML, such as sense optical coupling element Part (Charge-coupled Device, CCD) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor image sensor, CMOS image sensor).
In the present embodiment, image strip ML is passed in lens module 140 along the opposite direction (- Z) of third direction Z It passs, the extending direction of direction of transfer and optical axis A1 is substantially the same.In the present embodiment, projection target P has optical axis A2, It is identical that extending direction (third direction Z) substantially projects the direction of transfer into projection target P with image strip ML, and perpendicular to First direction Y.Therefore, in Fig. 1, the optical axis A2 for projecting target P is moved to the (reference of YZ plane to first wave guide element 110 Plane) on, reference axis A3 can be indicated in first wave guide element 110, as shown in Figure 2 A.
That is, in the present embodiment, projection target P has the optical axis A2 vertical with first direction Y, and optical axis A2 Reference axis A3 can be generated on the reference planes YZ in first wave guide element 110 towards the translation of first wave guide element 110.In Fig. 2A In, on reference planes YZ, on the transmission path of illuminating bundle ML, illuminating bundle ML formed the first light bar (Stop) PA1 with The distance of the center PC of first beam splitter Y1 of first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 in a first direction is D1, And the center PC of reference axis A3 and first beam splitter Y1 in a first direction on Y at a distance from be D2.In the present embodiment In, distance D1 is greater than or equal to distance D2.First beam splitter Y1 is that part image strip ML enters first wave guide element 110 In, the beam splitter of first reflected image light beam ML, be also closest to lens module 140 first beam splitter Y1, Y2, One of Y3, Y4.
In the present embodiment, it is converged within first wave guide element 110 from the image strip ML of lens module 140 First light bar PA1.First light bar PA1 is located within first wave guide element 110.In the present embodiment, the first light bar PA is image Light beam ML converges to the position of minimum beam diameter within first wave guide element 110, and passes through the position of the first light bar PA Afterwards, image strip ML starts to dissipate.For example, lens module 140 can make the image strip for being incident to first wave guide element 110 ML is restrained since the first beam splitter Y1, and reaches the smallest position of beam diameter in the first light bar PA1.In the first light bar After PA1, image strip ML starts to dissipate and be incident to the first beam splitter Y4 is reflected onto the first light-emitting surface S12 again.? In the present embodiment, image strip ML leaves second waveguide element 120 later in second waveguide element via the second light-emitting surface S22 The second light bar PA2 is projected to except 120.Second light bar PA2 is located in place of projection target P.For example, the second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 can be such that the image strip ML for being incident to second waveguide element 120 reflection leaves from the second light-emitting surface S22 Second waveguide element 120, and image strip ML projects the position of the second light bar PA2, so that image strip ML can be incident to throwing Target P is penetrated, wherein the position of the second light bar PA2 is substantially same as one of position, that is, user of projection target P Eyes can see image position be the second light bar PA2 position.
In the present embodiment, the visual angle (Field Of View, FOV) of lens module 140 correspond to projection target P it Place receives the visual angle (FOV) of image.In other words, in the present embodiment, receive in projection target P by image strip ML shape Generally it is equal to the visual angle that lens module 140 projects image strip ML at the visual angle of the diagonal of image.But at other In embodiment, projection target P, which is received, is less than lens module 140 by the visual angle of the image strip ML diagonal for forming image Project the visual angle of image strip ML.
The visual angle of the diagonal of image is formed it can be seen that the first visual angle on Y in a first direction by image strip ML And the second visual angle on second direction X.In the present embodiment, it is intended to be revealed as when display 130 projects image strip ML 16:9 projection ratios image when, through lens module 140 can project with diagonal visual angle about 30 degree to 90 degree it Between, such as the image strip ML at 40 degree of visual angle passes image strip ML with second waveguide element 120 through first wave guide element 110 It is handed to projection target P, so that projection target P can receive the visual angle of the diagonal of image strip ML formation image about 30 It spends between 90 degree, for example, 40 degree, but not limited to this.This field technical staff can be by 16:9 projections are than calculating the The first visual angle on one direction Y is about 10 degree and the second visual angle on second direction X is about 17 degree.It can be seen from the above, thoroughly Head-mounted display apparatus of the invention is crossed, so that receiving the diagonal line for forming image by image strip ML in place of projection target P The visual angle (FOV) in direction can be 30~90 degree or 90 degree or more.In addition, as shown in Figure 2 A, in another embodiment, lens module It receives in place of the optical axis A2 of the vertical first direction Y of 140 optical axis A1 and parallel projection target P, projection target P by image strip The visual angle (FOV) that ML forms the diagonal of image can be 30~50 degree.And referring initially to shown in Fig. 3, in another embodiment, The optical axis A2 of the parallel first direction Y of the optical axis A1 of lens module 140 and perpendicular projection target P, projection target P in place of receive by The visual angle (FOV) that image strip ML forms the diagonal of image can be 50~90 degree.The visual angle of the diagonal can It is designed according to different product demand, not to limit the present invention.Head-mounted display apparatus 100 can be made to provide big visual angle, And the volume-diminished of head-mounted display apparatus 100.
In other embodiments, when the image strip ML that lens module 140 projects forms the view of the diagonal of image Behind angle (FOV), the size at the first visual angle can be determined according to the quantity of the first beam splitter in first wave guide element 110, or Be determined according to first beam splitter in first wave guide element 110 to the distance of last a piece of beam splitter, or according to It is determined according to the distance between two panels beam splitter adjacent in first wave guide element 110.Similarly, the size at the second visual angle is for example It is to be determined according to the quantity of the second beam splitter in second waveguide element 120, or according in second waveguide element 120 the A piece of beam splitter determines to the distance of last a piece of beam splitter, or according in second waveguide element 120 adjacent two The distance between piece beam splitter determines.It can be mentioned that by above-mentioned first wave guide element 110 and second waveguide member The adjustment of part 120 and the size of the size at the first visual angle and the second visual angle generated, all may be less than or equal to the throwing of lens module 140 The image strip ML penetrated forms the size at the first visual angle of image and the size at the second visual angle.
Further, since considering the available image of display 130 projection ratio, will affect the of first wave guide element 110 The quantity of second beam splitter of the quantity and second waveguide element 120 of a piece of beam splitter, for example, if projection ratio is 16:The quantity of second beam splitter of 9 second waveguide elements 120 is greater than first light splitting member of first wave guide element 110 The quantity of part.But, under other design conditions, the quantity of second beam splitter of second waveguide element 120 is smaller than The quantity of first beam splitter of one waveguide component 110, is not limited.
In addition, the difference according to display and lens module setting position, in one embodiment, the of first wave guide element One incidence surface can be adjacent with the first light-emitting surface, and the optical axis of lens module is parallel to first direction.In one embodiment, first wave First incidence surface of guiding element can be adjacent with the first light-emitting surface, and the optical axis of lens module perpendicular to first direction and can be parallel to Second direction.
Fig. 2 B is painted the light path schematic side view of the head-mounted display apparatus of embodiment in Fig. 2A of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 2 B.Since first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 of first wave guide element 110 is semi-penetration semi-reflective film, that is, by portion Part image strip ML can be reflected by first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and part image strip ML is penetrated in the first beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 converge on the first light bar PA1's in 110 partial image strip ML of first wave guide element in the present embodiment Position, by basic optical principle it is found that the partial image light beam ML across the first beam splitter Y1 can equally converge on the second wave The position of light bar PA1 ' in guiding element 120, and by the distance of the center of the first beam splitter Y1 to the position of light bar PA1 ' The distance of center to the position of the first light bar PA1 equal to the first beam splitter Y1.Same reasons, the first beam splitter The partial image light beam ML that Y2, Y3 are reflected can converge on the position of light bar PA1 " and PA1 " ' in second waveguide element 120, and Center of the distance of the center of first beam splitter Y2 to the position of light bar PA1 " equal to the first beam splitter Y2 is extremely The distance etc. of the center of the distance of the position of first light bar PA1 and the first beam splitter Y3 to the position of light bar PA1 " ' In the center of the first beam splitter Y3 to the distance of the position of the first light bar PA1.
Fig. 2 C is painted the schematic side view of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 2 C embodiment is worn Formula display device is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 100 of Fig. 2A embodiment, and component and related narration, which can refer to, wears The component of formula display device 100 and related narration, details are not described herein.Head-mounted display apparatus 100 and wear-type display fill Set 100 difference it is as described below.In the present embodiment, head-mounted display apparatus 100 includes the first optical waveguide components 110 and the Two optical waveguide components 120.In addition, head-mounted display apparatus 100 further includes reflecting mirror 150, it is configured at by the first incidence surface S11, And towards the first incidence surface S11.Reflecting mirror 150 passes through image light provided by lens module 140 as display 130 for reflecting Beam ML, so that image strip ML enters the first optical waveguide components 110 by the first incidence surface S11.Then, into the first optical waveguide member The image strip ML of part 110 can be reflected again by multiple first light splitting piece Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and be transferred to the second optical waveguide components 120。
Specifically, the angle between reflecting mirror 150 and the first light-emitting surface S11 is, for example, 45 degree.When image strip ML is passed through It, can the first light splitting piece Y1 of incidence after being reflected by reflecting mirror 150.In addition, in the present embodiment, the first light bar of image strip ML The position of PA1 is, for example, to be located in the first optical waveguide components 110.The position of first light bar PA1 is, for example, to be located at these first point Between mating plate Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4.Therefore, the image strip ML for navigating on the first optical waveguide components 110 can be with shrink beam to the first light The position of column PA1.In the present embodiment, by being arranged the position of the first light bar PA1 of image strip ML shrink beam to the first light The inside of waveguide component 110, can to avoid image strip ML too earlier than dissipated on X/Y plane and in the first light-emitting surface S12 and One incidence surface S11 generates total reflection.That is, image strip ML can be first point by these before being totally reflected Mating plate Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 are directed into the second optical waveguide components 120, therefore can be to avoid image strip ML in the first optical waveguide member The problem of total reflection occurs in part 110 and causes unexpected display picture.
Fig. 3 is painted the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is please referred to, this The head-mounted display apparatus 200 of embodiment is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 100 of Fig. 1 embodiment, only main between the two Difference is for example that the display 230 of head-mounted display apparatus 200 and lens module 240 are arranged in parallel in first wave guide element 110 side, first incidence surface S13 incidence first of the image strip ML from lens module 240 from first wave guide element 110 Waveguide component 100, and first wave guide element 110 is left via the first light-emitting surface S12.Therefore, in the present embodiment, first wave The the first incidence surface S13 and the first light-emitting surface S12 of guiding element 110 are adjacent, and the optical axis A1 of lens module 240 is parallel to first party To Y.In the present embodiment, the first light bar PA1 is located within first wave guide element 210, and the second light bar PA2 is located at projection mesh Mark P place.Also, position of the first light bar PA1 within first wave guide element 210 also complies with distance D1 more than or equal to distance The condition of D2.
Fig. 4 is painted the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 is please referred to, this The head-mounted display apparatus 800 of embodiment is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 100 of Fig. 1 embodiment, only main between the two Difference is for example that the first incidence surface and the first light-emitting surface are adjacent, and the optical axis A1 of lens module perpendicular to first direction Y and is put down Row is in second direction X.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, head-mounted display apparatus 800 includes first wave guide element 810, second waveguide member Part 820, third waveguide component 850, display 830 and lens module 840.In one embodiment, third waveguide component 850 with Second waveguide element 820 also can be identical material and integrally formed structure.Display 830 is for providing image strip ML.? In the present embodiment, image strip ML is incident to first wave guide element 810 via the first plane of incidence S14, and via reflecting surface S15 Reflection is transmitted towards first direction Y.Then, image strip ML leaves first wave guide element 810 by the first light-emitting surface S12 again.Cause This, in the present embodiment, the first incidence surface S14 and the first light-emitting surface S12 and reflecting surface S15 are adjacent, and the light of lens module 840 Axis A1 is perpendicular to first direction Y and is parallel to second direction X.The position that display 830 and lens module 840 configure can be according to not It is determined with product design or optical characteristics, and the present invention is not limited thereto.Also, the third waveguide component of the present embodiment 850 can be used the third waveguide component design such as Fig. 5 A to one of Fig. 5 C embodiment.
In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 810 includes multiple first beam splitters 811.Image strip ML is at these The optical effect of semi-penetration semi-reflective occurs for the position of the first beam splitter 811, and is incident to third waveguide component 850.The Three waveguide components 850 can have catoptric arrangement described in such as Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 C embodiment.In the present embodiment, image strip ML It is reflected in the position of the catoptric arrangement of third waveguide component 850, and is incident to second waveguide element 820.Second waveguide Element 820 includes multiple second beam splitters 831.Image strip ML occurs partly to wear in the position of these the second beam splitters 831 The optical effect of saturating half reflection, and leave second waveguide element 820.In the present embodiment, second waveguide element 820 is left Image strip ML is used to enter projection target P, wherein projection target P is, for example, the one eye eyeball position of user.In addition, first The quantity of beam splitter 811 and the second beam splitter 831 is not limited to shown in Fig. 4, configuration in first wave guide element 810 and The quantity of beam splitter in second waveguide element 820 can design it according to different product demand, and the present invention is not subject to Limitation.
In the present embodiment, since these first beam splitters 811 and these second beam splitters 831 are respectively provided with plating Film, and plated film is only capable of so that the image strip ML of specific ranges of incidence angles incidence is penetrated.Therefore, when image strip ML is first With these first beam splitters of excessive incident angles during waveguide component 810 and the traveling of second waveguide element 820 811 and when these second beam splitters 831, a part of image strip ML instead can these first beam splitters 811 with And these 831 on pieces of the second beam splitter reflect.This unexpected reflected image light beam ML will continue in first wave guide member Advance in part 810 and second waveguide element 820, and in the case where the subsequent incidence light splitting piece with smaller angle, with it is aforementioned The opposite direction of anticipated orientation obliquely imports the eyes of user.At this point, user is in addition to that can watch shadow expected from script Outside picture picture, while it can also watch the unexpected image frame of mirror image.Therefore, user is easy to show using wear-type Feel that image frame has the presence of ghost or image frame to thicken during device.
Fig. 5 A is painted the schematic diagram of an embodiment of head-mounted display apparatus of the invention, with reference to Fig. 5 A.In the present embodiment In, head-mounted display apparatus 500 includes first wave guide element 510, second waveguide element 520 and third waveguide component 530, Middle second waveguide element 520 includes multiple second beam splitters 531.In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 510 is configured at By three waveguide components 530.First wave guide element 510 can fit in third waveguide component 530, or bond through transparent glue material, or Person is using fixing piece 532 (such as spacer or glue material or gasket) in the outer of first wave guide element 510 and third waveguide component 530 Fixation is enclosed, intermediate region has interval (gap), and interval can be small the air gap (air gap).Therefore, the first light-emitting surface ES1 faces the second incidence surface IS2.Second incidence surface IS2 the second light-emitting surface of connection ES2.Third waveguide component 530 can fit in Two waveguide components 520, or bonded through transparent glue material.Therefore, third incidence surface IS3 is connected to the second light-emitting surface ES2.In this reality It applies in example, third waveguide component 530 includes catoptric arrangement 521.Catoptric arrangement 521 can be made of multiple optical microstructures, and And these multiple optical microstructures can be arranged obliquely and multiple reflectings surface of periodic arrangement to be multiple.
In addition, the purpose of above-mentioned the air gap (air gap) is the image strip ML with the incident angle of wide-angle It injects in first wave guide element 510, the image strip ML that can avoid part is directed through first wave guide element 510, so that part Image strip ML is transmitted in first wave guide element 510 in a manner of being totally reflected.Another advantage, partial image light beam ML is by reflecting The second incidence surface IS2 of direction after structure 521 reflects, since the air gap can allow partial image light beam ML in the second incidence surface IS2 Total reflection is generated, partial image light beam ML is imported into second waveguide element 520.
In the present embodiment, image strip ML is incident to third wave via the first light-emitting surface ES1 of first wave guide element 510 Guiding element 530, and via the second incidence surface IS2 incidence third waveguide component 530.Image strip ML is via catoptric arrangement 521 The image strip ML from the second incidence surface IS2 is reflected, and leaves third waveguide component 530 via the second light-emitting surface ES2. Image strip ML leaves the second wave via third light-emitting surface ES3 via third incidence surface IS3 incidence second waveguide element 520 Guiding element 520.
In the present embodiment, third waveguide component 530 and second waveguide element 520 can be different materials.For example, third wave Guiding element 530 can be plastic material, and first wave guide element 510 and second waveguide element 520 can be glass, but of the invention It is not limited to this.In one embodiment, third waveguide component 530 also can be identical material and one with second waveguide element 520 Molding structure.In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 510, third waveguide component 530 and second waveguide element 520 Other material selection also can determine it according to different reflectivity demand or product design.
Fig. 5 B is painted the schematic diagram of an embodiment of head-mounted display apparatus of the invention, with reference to Fig. 5 B.In the present embodiment In, head-mounted display apparatus 600 includes first wave guide element 610, third waveguide component 630 and second waveguide element 620, Middle second waveguide element 620 includes multiple second beam splitters 631.In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 610 is configured at By two waveguide components 620.First wave guide element 610 can fit in second waveguide element 620, or bond through transparent glue material, or It is fixed in the periphery of first wave guide element 610 and second waveguide element 620 using mechanism member (such as spacer or glue material), but in Between region have interval, interval can be small the air gap.Therefore, on the transmission path of image strip ML, image strip ML passes through second waveguide element 620 via the first light-emitting surface ES1 and is transferred to third waveguide component 630.In addition, the first light-emitting surface ES1 faces the second incidence surface IS2.Second incidence surface IS2 the second light-emitting surface of connection ES2.Third waveguide component 630 can fit in Two waveguide components 620, or bonded through transparent glue material.Therefore, third incidence surface IS3 is connected to the second light-emitting surface ES2.Second enters Smooth surface IS2 and third incidence surface IS3 faces the first light-emitting surface ES1.In the present embodiment, third waveguide component 630 includes reflection Structure 621.Catoptric arrangement 621 can be made of multiple optical microstructures, and these multiple optical microstructures can incline to be multiple Tiltedly multiple reflectings surface of configuration and periodic arrangement.
In the present embodiment, image strip ML via first wave guide element 610 the first light-emitting surface ES1 incidence second waveguide Element 620, by after second waveguide element 620 again via the second incidence surface IS2 incidence third waveguide component 630.Image strip ML via catoptric arrangement 621 reflect from the second incidence surface IS2 image strip ML, and via the second light-emitting surface ES2 from Open third waveguide component 630.Image strip ML re-shoots second waveguide element 620 via third incidence surface IS3, and via third Light-emitting surface ES3 leaves second waveguide element 620.
In the present embodiment, third waveguide component 630 and second waveguide element 620 can be different materials.For example, third wave Guiding element 630 can be plastic material, and first wave guide element 610 and second waveguide element 620 can be glass, but of the invention It is not limited to this.In one embodiment, third waveguide component 630 also can be identical material and one with second waveguide element 620 Molding structure.In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 610, third waveguide component 630 and second waveguide element 620 Other material selection also can determine it according to different reflectivity demand or product design.
Fig. 5 C is painted the schematic diagram of an embodiment of head-mounted display apparatus of the invention, with reference to Fig. 5 C.In the present embodiment In, head-mounted display apparatus 700 includes first wave guide element 710, third waveguide component 730 and second waveguide element 720, Middle second waveguide element 720 includes multiple second beam splitters 731.In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 710 is configured at By two waveguide components 720.First wave guide element 710 can fit in second waveguide element 720, or bond through transparent glue material, or Using fixing piece (such as spacer or glue material or gasket, as shown in Figure 5A) in first wave guide element 710 and second waveguide element 720 periphery is fixed, and intermediate region has interval (gap), and interval can be small the air gap (air gap).Therefore, first Light-emitting surface ES1 faces the second incidence surface IS2 through second waveguide element 720.Second incidence surface IS2 the second light-emitting surface of connection ES2. Third waveguide component 730 is arranged obliquely by second waveguide element 720, thus the second incidence surface IS2, the second light-emitting surface ES2 with And third incidence surface IS3 has a tilt angle relative to third light-emitting surface ES3.Third waveguide component 730 can fit in second Waveguide component 720, or bonded through transparent glue material.Therefore, the second light-emitting surface of third incidence surface IS3 connection ES2.In the present embodiment In, third waveguide component 730 includes catoptric arrangement 721 and photic zone.Third waveguide component 730 is reflector element (reflecting unit), and catoptric arrangement 721 can be reflecting mirror or be reflectance coating.
In the present embodiment, image strip ML via first wave guide element 710 the first light-emitting surface ES1 incidence second waveguide Element 720, by after second waveguide element 720 again via the second incidence surface IS2 incidence third waveguide component 730.Image strip ML via catoptric arrangement 721 reflect from the second incidence surface IS2 image strip ML, and via the second light-emitting surface ES2 from Open third waveguide component 730.Image strip ML re-shoots second waveguide element 720 via third incidence surface IS3, and via third Light-emitting surface ES3 leaves second waveguide element 720.
In the present embodiment, first wave guide element 710, third waveguide component 730 and second waveguide element 720 can be all Glass material, but the present invention is not limited thereto.In one embodiment, third waveguide component 730 can be the reflection list of plastic material Member.Also, first wave guide element 710, third waveguide component 730 and third waveguide component 730 other material selections also may be used It is determined according to different reflectivity demand or product design.
Fig. 6 A is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of another embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 1~4,6A are please referred to, at this In embodiment, head-mounted display apparatus 900 includes first wave guide element 910, third waveguide component 930, second waveguide element 920 And reflecting element 950.Reflecting element 950 be used for receive display offer image strip ML, reflecting element 950 can for The prism (not shown) in reflecting layer, and display provide image strip reflecting element 950 is incident to by X-direction, by Image strip is incident to first wave guide element 910 by the reflecting layer of reflecting element 950 along the y axis.For convenience of explanation, this reality The third waveguide component 930 for applying example is designed using the catoptric arrangement of the second waveguide element of above-mentioned Fig. 5 C embodiment, but the present invention It is not limited to this.The second waveguide element of above-mentioned Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B embodiment catoptric arrangement design also it is applicable it.
In the present embodiment, the image strip ML that the present invention proposes that display provides can only have single polarization direction.It lifts For example, when image strip ML is incident to first wave guide element 910 by reflecting element 950, polarizer can be used (Polarizer), polarizer 960 be configurable between display and first wave guide element 910, display and reflecting element Between 950 or between reflecting element 950 and first wave guide element 910, so as to be incident to first wave guide element by display 910 image strip only has the light (such as the direction of third axis Z) of P polarization direction, and image strip ML is by first wave guide Element 910 is incident to second waveguide element 920 via the catoptric arrangement of third waveguide component 930, is polarized substantially based on this field The light of P polarization direction it is found that are converted to the light (such as the direction of the second axis Y) of S polarization direction by the optical definitions of light.Therefore, In first wave guide element 910, only transmit the image strip of single polarization direction, and these first beam splitters 911 and this The other film plating layer of a little second beam splitters 931 is that can correspond to the image strip with single polarization direction to design.
In another embodiment, the head-mounted display apparatus 900 of the present embodiment can further comprise phase delay chip 970. In the present embodiment, polarizer 960 is configurable between display and first wave guide element 910 or reflecting element 950 and Between one waveguide component 910, so as to can only have the pole S by the image strip that reflecting element 950 is incident to first wave guide element 910 Change the light in direction.Also, phase delay chip 970 be configurable between first wave guide element 910 and third waveguide component 930 ( Phase delay chip 970 is configurable between second waveguide element 920 and first wave guide element 910) so that by first wave guide member The image strip that part 910 is incident to second waveguide element 920 can be the light of S polarization direction.Accordingly, head-mounted display apparatus 900 By configuring polarizer 960, phase delay chip 970, and it can effectively reduce unexpected reflection light in first wave guide element 910 and second waveguide element 920 in the case where advancing.
Fig. 6 B is painted the schematic diagram of the wear-type 900A display device of another embodiment of the present invention.In this regard, display 830 mentions The image strip ML of confession can only have single polarization direction.For example, image strip ML is directly transmitted to first wave guide element 910 can have the light (such as the direction of third direction Z) of P polarization direction, and image strip ML is passed through by first wave guide element 910 Second waveguide element 920 is incident to by catoptric arrangement, is based on basic optical reflecting effect, and is converted to S polarization direction naturally Image strip ML (such as the direction of first direction Y).Therefore, single polarization side can be only transmitted in first wave guide element 910 To image strip ML, and 931 other plated films of these first beam splitters 911 and these second beam splitters can correspond to Image strip ML with single polarization direction designs it.Accordingly, the head-mounted display apparatus 900A of the present embodiment can be effective Reduce the case where unexpected reflection light is advanced in first wave guide element 910 and second waveguide element 920.In this implementation In example, the first light bar also is located within first wave guide element 910, and the second light bar PA2 is located in place of projection target P.Also, Position of first light bar within first wave guide element 910 also complies with the condition that distance D1 is greater than or equal to distance D2.
Fig. 7 is painted the schematic top plan view of the second waveguide element of Fig. 1.Fig. 8 is painted the diffusion plated film of one embodiment of the invention Reflectivity relative to image strip incidence angle reflectivity distribution curve schematic diagram.In fig. 8, plated film is spread Reflectivity relative to the incidence angle of image strip reflectivity distribution curve be, for example, by taking 520 nanometer of wavelength as an example, but not to Limit the present invention.Also, the reflectivity distribution curve of Fig. 8 is only to illustrate, without to limit the present invention.Please refer to figure 7 to Fig. 8, in the present embodiment, each second beam splitter X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 in second waveguide element 120 are all wrapped First surface and the second surface relative to first surface are included, and may include expanding in one of first surface and second surface Plated film is dissipated, by taking first surface is included diffusion plated film as an example.By taking the second beam splitter X1 as an example, second surface SX12 is relative to first Surface SX11, and first surface SX11 includes diffusion plated film.In the present embodiment, image strip ML is from each second beam splitter First surface be incident to each second beam splitter, image strip ML be incident to the ranges of incidence angles of each second beam splitter between Between 15 degree to 45 degree, it can so allow partial image light beam ML via diffusion coated reflection to pupil P, wherein second waveguide element The angle between each second beam splitter and the second light-emitting surface S22 in 120 is 30 degree, but this case is not limited.Second In waveguide component 120, the polarization direction that image strip ML has is the second polarization direction (such as the direction S polarised light).In this reality It applies in example, the reflectivity for spreading plated film for example meets the reflectivity distribution curve of Fig. 8.Incidence angle between 15 degree to 45 degree it Between, the reflectivity of the second beam splitter of n-th is less than or equal to the reflectivity of (N+1) a second beam splitter, and wherein N is big In or equal to 1 integer.In fig. 8, curve SR (N+1) is, for example, that the reflectivity distribution of (N+1) a second beam splitter is bent Line, curve SRN are, for example, the reflectivity distribution curve of the second beam splitter of n-th.For example, the 1st the second beam splitter The reflectivity of X1 is less than or equal to the reflectivity of the 2nd the second beam splitter X2, and but not limited to this.
The schematic diagram for the image frame that the image strip that Fig. 9 is painted Fig. 7 embodiment generates in place of projecting target.Please With reference to Fig. 7 to Fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the image frame formed in projection target P is anti-from each second beam splitter The image strip ML penetrated, in other words, the image frame for the horizontal direction (second direction X) that human eye can be seen.Therefore, via not The image frame part that the image strip ML of same the second beam splitter reflection is generated on projection target P can be overlapped or image Picture part connects, if generating gap between image frame, can make human eye that an image be watched to have a black area.Therefore, such as Shown in Fig. 9, for example, the different blocks of image frame are reflected by the second different beam splitters in projection target P Image strip ML contributed, and generate image overlap or image in Partial Block and connect.Diffusion plating according to the present embodiment The design method of film, that is, the reflectivity of the second beam splitter of n-th in the second beam splitter is less than or equal to second point (N+1) a second beam splitter in optical element, even if Partial Block generates overlapping, the image in projection target P is drawn Face can still keep uniformly, having good display quality.
Figure 10 is painted the schematic side view of the first wave guide element of Fig. 1.Referring to FIG. 10, in the present embodiment, each first Beam splitter Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 all include first surface and the second surface relative to first surface, and first surface includes Spread plated film.And in one of first surface and second surface may include diffusion plated film, by taking the first beam splitter Y1 as an example, the Two surface SY22 are relative to first surface SY21, and first surface SY21 includes diffusion plated film.In the present embodiment, join simultaneously Fig. 3 is examined, the optical axis A2 of the parallel first direction Y of the optical axis A1 of lens module 140 and perpendicular projection target P, image strip ML are incident To the first surface SY21 of the first beam splitter Y1, incidence angle is between 30 degree to 60 degree, wherein first wave guide element 110 In each first beam splitter and the first light-emitting surface S12 between angle be 45 degree, under other designs can also be 30 degree, but Case is not limited.In addition, the reflectivity of the first beam splitter of m-th is less than or equal to (M+1) a first beam splitter Reflectivity, wherein M is greater than or equal to 1 integer.For example, the reflectivity of the 2nd the first beam splitter Y2 is less than or waits In the reflectivity of the 3rd the first beam splitter Y3, it can so allow partial image light beam ML via diffusion coated reflection to the second wave Guiding element 120, the image frame in projection target P can still keep uniformly, having good display quality.In another embodiment In, with reference to Fig. 2A, the optical axis A2 of the vertical first direction Y of the optical axis A1 of lens module 140 and parallel projection target P, image Light beam ML is incident to the first surface SY21 of the first beam splitter, 1 reflectivity for subtracting first the first beam splitter be less than or Equal to the reflectivity of (M+1) a first beam splitter, wherein M is greater than or equal to 1 integer.For example, 1 the 1st is subtracted The reflectivity of a first beam splitter Y1 is less than or equal to the reflectivity of the 2nd the first beam splitter Y2.It can so allow part shadow For picture light beam ML via diffusion coated reflection to second waveguide element 120, the image frame in projection target P can still keep equal It is even, there is good display quality.
The schematic diagram for the image frame that the image strip that Figure 11 is painted Figure 10 embodiment generates in place of projecting target. Figure 10 and Figure 11 is please referred to, in the present embodiment, the image frame formed in projection target P is from each first light splitting member The image strip ML of part reflection.In other words, the image frame for the vertical direction (first direction Y) that human eye can be seen.Via not The image frame that the image strip ML of same the first beam splitter reflection is generated on projection target P partly overlaps or image is drawn Facial split-phase connects, that is, the image strip ML reflected via the second different beam splitters generates a shadow on projection target P As picture, image frame is formed by partly overlapping image strip ML, or reflected via the second different beam splitters Image strip ML generates an image frame on projection target P, and image frame is formed by the image strip ML partially to connect.
In other embodiments, the image strip ML that reflects via different the first beam splitter and via different the The image strip ML of two beam splitters reflection generates an image frame on projection target P, and image frame is by partly overlapping shadow As light beam ML is formed.Or in another embodiment, via the image strip ML that different the first beam splitter reflects with And the image strip ML reflected via the second different beam splitters, an image frame, image frame are generated on projection target P It is formed by the image strip partially to connect.If generating gap between image frame, it can make human eye that an image be watched to have One black area.Therefore, as shown in figure 11, the different blocks of image frame are by the first different beam splitters in projection target P The image strip ML of reflection is contributed, and is connected in Partial Block generation image overlap or image, so that in projection target P Image frame can still keep uniformly, have good display quality.
The summary for the image frame that the image strip that Figure 12 A is painted stacking chart 9 and Figure 11 generates in place of projecting target is shown It is intended to.Fig. 9, Figure 11 and Figure 12 A be can refer to it is found that being from each second point by the image frame formed in projection target P The image strip ML of optical element reflection forms the image frame of horizontal direction (second direction X), and the institute in projection target P The image frame of formation is the image strip ML from the reflection of each first beam splitter, forms vertical direction (first direction Y) Image frame.The image frame of the two is superimposed, and the image frame that projection target P can watch is formed.
Figure 12 B is painted the schematic diagram that image strip is reflexed to projection target by the second different beam splitters.With reference to Figure 12 B is it is found that image strip is projected in a manner of spreading through the second beam splitter to second waveguide element-external, but is projected The position of target P is to can receive the image strip cast out by the second beam splitter, and projection target P is received and partly overlapped The adjacent image strip of image strip or part, projection target P can be allowed to obtain clear and complete image.
The image strip that Figure 13 is painted one embodiment of the invention is incident to second waveguide element by incident first beam splitter Schematic diagram.In Figure 13, the image strip ML that reflects via different the first beam splitter is from first wave guide element 110 It leaves to the possible difference of incidence angle of second waveguide element 120 and therefore for the first different beam splitters, spreads plated film It can make different designs.The road that the chief ray of partial image light beam is reflected via first beam splitter Y1 of the first beam splitter Diameter is biased to the last a piece of beam splitter Y4 of the first beam splitter.The chief ray of partial image light beam is via the first beam splitter It is biased to first beam splitter Y1 of the first beam splitter in the path of last a piece of beam splitter Y4 reflection.In the light in Figure 13 Shu Fangxiang is signal description, and practical image strip is incident into second waveguide element 120.For example, in Figure 13, image The direction of travel (first direction Y) of light beam ML for example using 45 degree of angles relative to the first beam splitter as incidence angle, image strip The angle that ML is incident to the first beam splitter is likely larger than, is less than or equal to 45 degree (with reference to angle).For example, image strip ML enters The angle for being incident upon first beam splitter Y1, Y2 is likely less than 45 degree, can refer to shown in Figure 14 A.It is image light depicted in Figure 14 A The schematic diagram of the first beam splitter Y1 of beam ML incidence, incidence angle are greater than 45 degree.Image strip ML is incident to the first light splitting The angle of element Y2 can and so on.Therefore, it for the diffusion coating designs of first beam splitter Y1, Y2, may be designed as entering Firing angle is greater than in place of 45 degree, is 47 degree in incidence angle in first beam splitter Y1, Y2 and is with reflectivity with 50 degree of region 15% and 30%, so that having from the image strip ML that first beam splitter Y1, Y2 reflexes to second waveguide element 120 biggish Light quantity, to improve the efficiency that image strip ML is projected to projection target P.In another example image strip ML is incident to the first light splitting The angle of element Y3, Y4 are likely less than 45 degree, as shown in Figure 14B.It is that image strip ML incidence first is divided depicted in Figure 14 B The schematic diagram of element Y4, incidence angle is less than 45 degree.The angle that image strip ML is incident to the first beam splitter Y3 can be with This analogizes.Therefore, it for the diffusion coating designs of first beam splitter Y3, Y4, may be designed as in place of incidence angle is less than 45 degree, In incidence angle being 40 degree in first beam splitter Y3, Y4, to have reflectivity with 43 degree of region be 40% and 55%, so that from the The image strip ML that one beam splitter Y3, Y4 reflexes to second waveguide element 120 has biggish light quantity, to improve image light Beam ML is projected to the efficiency of projection target P.
Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, using the optical characteristics of the diffusion plated film on adjustment beam splitter, may make Projection target P on image frame have uniformity and be projected to projection target P image strip ML light quantity it is larger.
Below again for multiple embodiments, illustrate include lighting system, display and Wave guide system wear-type display dress The operating method set.
Figure 15 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Figure 15, this implementation The head-mounted display apparatus 300A of example includes lighting system 350A, display 330A, lens module 340 and Wave guide system.Thoroughly Mirror module 340 may include one or more lens, and Wave guide system includes first wave guide element 310 and second waveguide element 320. In this example it is shown that device 330A handles (Digital Light Processing for example including numerical digit light sourceTM, referred to as DLPTM) optical projection system, for the illuminating bundle IL from lighting system 350A to be converted to image strip ML.Image strip ML warp Projection target P is transferred to by Wave guide system.In the present embodiment, the mode of operation of Wave guide system can be by Fig. 1 to Figure 14 B embodiment Narration in obtain it is enough teaching, suggest with implement explanation.
In the present embodiment, lighting system 350A gives display 330A for providing illuminating bundle IL.Lighting system 350A Including lighting source 351, collimation lens set 353, aperture diaphragm (aperture stop) 355, equal optical element 357 and prism Module 359A.Lighting source 351 provides illuminating bundle IL.Illuminating bundle IL is via collimation lens set 353, aperture diaphragm (aperture stop) 355, equal optical element 357 and prism module 359A are transferred to display 330A.In the present embodiment, The configuration of aperture diaphragm 355 is between collimation lens set 353 and optical element 357, and lighting source 351 is, for example, light-emitting diodes It manages (light emitting diode, LED), but not limited to this, and equal optical element 357 is, for example, lens array (fly-eye Lens array), collimation lens set 353 includes one or more lens.In the present embodiment, from lighting source 351 Illuminating bundle IL converges to third light bar (stop) PA3 within lighting system 350A.Third light bar PA3 is located at aperture diaphragm 355 places.In the present embodiment, aperture diaphragm 355 can have driving element 358 (such as motor), and driving element is for controlling The openings of sizes of aperture diaphragm 355, to control the size of third light bar PA3.Therefore, aperture diaphragm 355 may be adjusted by The light quantity of its illuminating bundle IL being open.In the present embodiment, prism module 359A includes prism 352 (the first prism).It comes from Display 330A is transferred to via prism 352 in the illuminating bundle IL of equal optical element 357.In another embodiment, it is needed according to design It asks, the opening of aperture diaphragm 355 can be constant aperture size.
Figure 16 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Figure 15 and Figure 16 is please referred to, The head-mounted display apparatus 300B of the present embodiment is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 300A of Figure 15, only main difference between the two The different design method for being for example lighting system 350B and display 330B.
Specifically, in this example it is shown that device 330A covers silicon (Liquid Crystal On for example including liquid crystal Silicon, abbreviation LCoS) optical projection system, for the illuminating bundle IL from lighting system 350B to be converted to image strip ML. Image strip ML is transferred to projection target P via Wave guide system.In the present embodiment, the mode of operation of Wave guide system can be by Fig. 1 Enough teachings are obtained into the narration of the embodiment of Figure 14 B, suggest and implement explanation.In the present embodiment, lighting system 350B gives display 330B for providing illuminating bundle IL.Aperture diaphragm 355 is configured in collimation lens set 353 and equal optical element Between 357.In the present embodiment, is converged within lighting system 350A from the illuminating bundle IL of lighting source 351 Three light bar PA3.The illuminating bundle IL of lighting source 351 can be the illuminating bundle IL with single polarity through dipole inversion.Third Light bar PA3 is located at 355 place of aperture diaphragm.In the present embodiment, aperture diaphragm 355 has driving element.Driving element is used for The openings of sizes of aperture diaphragm 355 is controlled, to control the size of third light bar PA3.Therefore, aperture diaphragm 355 is adjustable Pass through the light quantity of the illuminating bundle IL of its opening.In the present embodiment, prism module 359B includes a polarization beam splitter (Polarizing beam splitter, PBS).Illuminating bundle IL from equal optical element 357 is passed via polarization beam splitter It is handed to display 330A, and reflexes to lens module 340.
Figure 17 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Figure 15 and Figure 17 is please referred to, The head-mounted display apparatus 300C of the present embodiment is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 300A of Figure 15, only main difference between the two The different design method for being for example prism module 359C.
Specifically, in this example it is shown that device 330C handles (Digital Light for example including numerical digit light source ProcessingTM, abbreviation DLPTM) optical projection system, for the illuminating bundle IL from lighting system 350C to be converted to image light Beam ML.Image strip ML is transferred to projection target P via Wave guide system.In the present embodiment, the mode of operation of Wave guide system can Enough teachings are obtained in narration by the embodiment of Fig. 1 to Figure 14 B, suggest and implement explanation.In the present embodiment, prism mould Block 359C includes the first prism 359_1, the second prism 359_2 and third prism 359_3.First prism 359_1 has curved surface. Curved surface has reflecting layer R.Curved surface is for reflecting from the illuminating bundle IL of equal optical element 357.In the present embodiment, two two prisms Between be spaced small the air gap.For example, the first gap is between the first prism 359_1 and the second prism 359_2, second Gap is between the second prism 359_2 and third prism 359_3.Illuminating bundle IL from equal optical element 357 is via One prism 359_1, the first gap, curved surface, the second prism 359_2, the second gap and third prism 359_3 are transferred to display 330C.In one embodiment, the first prism 359_1 can fit in the second prism 359_2, or bond through transparent glue material.Second Prism 359_2 can fit in third prism 359_3, or bond through transparent glue material.
In the embodiment of Figure 15 to Figure 17, lighting system 350A, 350B, 350C have the first F value, and the first F value is It is determined according to the size of third light bar PA3.Lens module 340 has the 2nd F value.Head-mounted display apparatus 300A, The case where 300B, 300C meet the first F value more than or equal to the 2nd F value condition, can eliminate ghost produced by reducing image frame. F value may be defined as 1/2*sin (θ), and the angle θ is the coning angle (cone angle) of light beam incidence.
For example, Figure 18 is painted the schematic diagram of the subelement of the head-mounted display apparatus of Figure 17 embodiment.For For the sake of brief description, Figure 18 is only painted the display 330C, third prism 359_3 and lens mould of head-mounted display apparatus 300C Block 340.In the present embodiment, illuminating bundle IL is incident to display 330C, and display 330C is for example including numerical digit microreflection Mirror element (Digital Micromirror Device, abbreviation DMD).Numerical digit microreflection mirror element first turns illuminating bundle IL It is changed to image strip ML, then image strip ML is reflexed into third prism 359_3.Third prism 359_3 is again by image strip ML Reflex to lens module 340.In the present embodiment, illuminating bundle IL is incident to the coning angle (cone angle) of display 330C The first F value of e.g. θ 1, lighting system 350C may be defined as 1/2*sin (θ 1).In the present embodiment, lens module 340 connects The image strip ML from display 330C is received, coning angle (cone angle) is, for example, θ 2.The second of lens module 340 F value may be defined as 1/2*sin (θ 2).
In the present embodiment, the design of foundation producer, the 2nd F value of pre-set lens module 340, it can be learnt that Therefore required incident angle θ 2 may be adjusted by the size of its opening through aperture diaphragm 355 to control third light bar PA3 Size, and the size of third light bar PA3 will affect the size that illuminating bundle IL is incident to the coning angle θ 1 of display 330C.? It is exactly that after the 2nd F value of lens module 340 is determined, can pass through aperture diaphragm 355 to control the first of lighting system 350C The size of F value, so that head-mounted display apparatus 300C meets the first F value more than or equal to the 2nd F value condition.In an embodiment In, the opening of aperture diaphragm 355 can be constant aperture size, and the 2nd F value of fit lens module 340 designs, control is illuminated The size of the first F value of system 350C is designed as that head-mounted display apparatus 300C is made to meet the first F value more than or equal to the 2nd F value Condition.In the embodiment of Figure 15 and Figure 16, this mode is can also be used to adjust in lighting system 350A, 350B, so that wear-type Display device 300A, 300B meets the first F value more than or equal to the 2nd F value condition, and therefore, user is easy using wear-type The shadow of presence or the viewing of ghost will be had during display 300A, 300B in the image frame that can eliminate or reduce viewing The case where thickening as picture.
Figure 19 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Figure 15 and Figure 19 is please referred to, The head-mounted display apparatus 400A of the present embodiment is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 300A of Figure 15, only main difference between the two The different setting position for being for example aperture diaphragm 455 and equal optical element 457 are optical integration pillars.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, prism module 459A includes a prism and two lens, wherein aperture diaphragm Optical element 457 is, for example, optical integration pillar between two lens, and for 455 configurations.In the present embodiment, from illumination light The illuminating bundle IL in source 451 converges to third light bar PA3 within lighting system 450A.Third light bar PA3 is located at aperture diaphragm 455 places.In the present embodiment, aperture diaphragm 455 has driving element.Driving element is for controlling opening for aperture diaphragm 455 Mouthful size, to control the size of third light bar PA3, thus control illuminating bundle IL be incident to display 430A coning angle it is big It is small.Therefore, after the 2nd F value of lens module 440 is determined, it can pass through aperture diaphragm 455 to control lighting system 450A The first F value size so that head-mounted display apparatus 400A meets the first F value more than or equal to the 2nd F value condition.
Figure 20 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Figure 16 and Figure 20 is please referred to, The head-mounted display apparatus 400B of the present embodiment is similar to the head-mounted display apparatus 300B of Figure 16, only main difference between the two The different setting position for being for example aperture diaphragm 455 and equal optical element 457 are optical integration pillars.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, prism module 459B includes two prisms and two lens, wherein aperture diaphragm Optical element 457 is, for example, optical integration pillar between two lens in prism module 459B, and for 455 configurations.In this implementation In example, the illuminating bundle IL from lighting source 451 converges to third light bar PA3 within lighting system 450A.Third light Column PA3 is located at 455 place of aperture diaphragm.In the present embodiment, aperture diaphragm 455 has driving element.Driving element is for controlling The openings of sizes of aperture light bar 455, to control the size of third light bar PA3, so that controlling illuminating bundle IL is incident to display The size of the coning angle of device 430A.Therefore, after the 2nd F value of lens module 440 is determined, it can pass through aperture diaphragm 455 Come control lighting system 450A the first F value size so that head-mounted display apparatus 400A meets the first F value and is greater than or equal to 2nd F value condition.
Figure 21 is painted the schematic diagram of the head-mounted display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Figure 21, this implementation The head-mounted display apparatus 400C of example includes lighting system 450C, display 430C, lens module 440 and Wave guide system.Wave Guiding systems include first wave guide element 410 and second waveguide element 420.In this example it is shown that device 330A for example including Numerical digit light source handles (Digital Light ProcessingTM, abbreviation DLPTM) optical projection system or liquid crystal cover silicon (Liquid Crystal On Silicon, abbreviation LCoS) optical projection system, for the illuminating bundle IL from lighting system 450C to be converted to Image strip ML.Image strip ML is transferred to projection target P via Wave guide system.In the present embodiment, the operation of Wave guide system Mode can obtain enough teachings, suggest and implement explanation in the narration by the embodiment of Fig. 1 to Figure 14 B.
In the present embodiment, lighting system 450C gives display 430C for providing illuminating bundle IL.Lighting system 450C Including lighting source 451, equal optical element 457, collimation lens set 453C, aperture diaphragm 455 and prism module 459C.Illumination light Source 451 provides illuminating bundle IL.Illuminating bundle IL via equal optical element 357, aperture diaphragm 355, collimation lens set 453C and Prism module 459C is transferred to display 430C.In the present embodiment, collimation lens set 453C includes lens 453_1,453_2. Aperture diaphragm 455 configures between lens 453_1,453_2 in collimation lens set 353C.Equal optical element 457 is, for example, light product Divide column.In the present embodiment, third light is converged within lighting system 450C from the illuminating bundle IL of lighting source 451 Column PA3.Third light bar PA3 is located at 455 place of aperture diaphragm.In the present embodiment, aperture diaphragm 455 has driving element.It drives Dynamic element is used to control the openings of sizes of aperture diaphragm 455, to control the size of third light bar PA3.Therefore, aperture diaphragm 455 It may be adjusted by the light quantity of the illuminating bundle IL of its opening.In the present embodiment, prism module 459C includes the first prism 352_1 And the second prism 352_2.Illuminating bundle IL from collimation lens set 453C reflexes to display via the first prism 352_1 Device 430C, illuminating bundle IL are changed into image strip ML and are transferred to lens module 440 through the second prism 352_2.
In the present embodiment, aperture diaphragm 455 may be adjusted by the size of its opening to control the big of third light bar PA3 It is small, and the size of third light bar PA3 will affect the size that illuminating bundle IL is incident to the coning angle θ 1 of display 430C.Therefore, After the 2nd F value of lens module 440 is determined, aperture diaphragm 455 can pass through to control the first F value of lighting system 450C Size so that head-mounted display apparatus 400C meets the first F value more than or equal to the 2nd F value condition.
In conclusion first light bar is located within first wave guide element, the second light bar in example embodiment of the invention In place of projection target, head-mounted display apparatus can be made to provide big visual angle, and Wave guide system is small in size.Show in of the invention In model embodiment, the diffusion plated film of each beam splitter can determine it according to different reflectivity demand or product design, so that Image frame in projection target can keep uniformly, having good display quality.In example embodiment of the invention, third Light bar position is within lighting system, and aperture diaphragm is arranged in place of third light bar.Head-mounted display apparatus can pass through aperture Light bar carrys out third light bar and controls the size of the first F value of lighting system, so as to meet the first F value big for head-mounted display apparatus Good display quality is provided so as to improve the ghost in image frame in or equal to the 2nd F value condition of lens module.
The above, only embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the range of implementation of the invention with this, i.e., it is all according to The simple equivalent changes and modifications that claims of the present invention and description are made all still belong to the invention patent and cover it In range.In addition any embodiment of the invention or claim be not necessary to reach presently disclosed whole purpose or advantage or Feature.It is used, is not intended to limit the invention in addition, abstract of description and denomination of invention are intended merely to auxiliary patent document retrieval Interest field.In addition, the terms such as " first " that refers in this specification or claims, " second " are only to name element (element) title or the different embodiments of difference or range, and not it is used to the quantitative upper limit of restriction element or lower limit.
Reference signs list
100,200,300A,300B,300C,400A,400B,400C,500,600,700,800,900：Wear-type is shown Device
110,210,310,410,510,610,710,810,910：First wave guide element
120,220,320,420,520,620,720,820,920：Second waveguide element
130,230,330A,330B,330C,430A,430B,430C,830：Display
140,240,340,440,840：Lens module
350A,350B,350C,450A,450B,450C：Lighting system
351,451：Lighting source
352,352_1,352_2,359_1,359_2,359_3：Prism
353,453C：Collimation lens set
355,455：Aperture diaphragm
357,457：Equal optical element
358：Driving element
359A,359B,359C,459A,459B,459C：Prism module
453_1,453_2：Lens
521,621,721：Catoptric arrangement
530,630,730,850,930：Third waveguide component
532：Fixing piece
960,970：Polarizer
A1：Optical axis
A2：The optical axis
A3：Reference axis
D1,D2：Distance
ES3：Third light-emitting surface
IS3：Third incidence surface
IL：Illuminating bundle
ML：Image strip
P：Project target
PA1：First light bar
PA1',PA1",PA1"'：Light bar
PA2：Second light bar
PA3：Third light bar
PC：Center
R：Reflecting layer
S11,S13,S14：First incidence surface
S12,ES1：First light-emitting surface
S23,S15：Reflecting surface
S21,IS2：Second incidence surface
S22,ES2：Second light-emitting surface
SX11,SY21：First surface
SX12,SY22：Second surface
SRN,SR(N+1)：Curve
X：Second direction
X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,531,631,731,831,931：Second beam splitter
Y：First direction
Y1,Y2,Y3,Y4,811,911：First beam splitter
Z：Third direction
θ1,θ2：Coning angle

Claims (21)

1. a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, which is characterized in that including：
Display, for providing an image strip, the image strip transmits and is projected to projection target；
First wave guide element, including the first incidence surface, the first light-emitting surface and multiple first beam splitters, wherein from described The image strip of display is passed through via the incident first wave guide element of first incidence surface and the image strip The first wave guide element is left by first light-emitting surface；And
Second waveguide element is connected to the first wave guide element, and including the second incidence surface, the second light-emitting surface and multiple Two beam splitters, wherein from the first wave guide element the image strip via described in second incidence surface incidence Second waveguide element and the image strip leave via second light-emitting surface and are projected to the projection target, In the reflectivity of the second beam splitter of n-th in these second beam splitters be less than or equal to these second beam splitters and work as In (N+1) a second beam splitter reflectivity, wherein N is greater than or equal to 1 integer.
2. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that each second beam splitter includes the first table Face and second surface relative to the first surface, the first surface include diffusion plated film, and the image strip is by entering Firing angle is incident to each second beam splitter from the first surface, wherein the incidence angle is between 15 degree to 45 degree.
3. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the m-th in these first beam splitters The reflectivity of first beam splitter is less than or equal to the anti-of (M+1) a first beam splitter in these first beam splitters Rate is penetrated, wherein M is greater than or equal to 1 integer.
4. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that each first beam splitter includes the first table Face and second surface relative to the first surface, the first surface include diffusion plated film, and the image strip is by entering Firing angle is incident to each first beam splitter from the first surface, wherein the incidence angle is between 30 degree to 60 degree.
5. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the reflectivity of the diffusion plated film is relative to institute The incidence angle for stating image strip has reflectivity distribution curve, corresponding to these different first beam splitters, the shadow As the incidence angle of light beam is greater than, is less than or equal to reference to angle, the peak value of the reflectivity distribution curve is located at the image light The incidence angle of beam.
6. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the image strip is in the first wave guide member The first light bar and the image strip are converged within part leaves the second waveguide element simultaneously via second light-emitting surface And the image strip is projected to the second light bar except the second waveguide element, wherein second light bar is located at the throwing It penetrates in place of target.
7. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：
Lens module has optical axis, and the lens module configures between the display and the first wave guide element, Described in lens module for generating corresponding visual angle in place of the projection target.
8. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the optical axis of the lens module vertical The optical axis of one direction Y and the parallel projection target, the image strip are incident to first beam splitter, 1 subtract it is described The reflectivity of first first beam splitter is less than or equal to the reflectivity of (M+1) a described first beam splitter, Middle M is greater than or equal to 1 integer.
9. head-mounted display apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the corresponding visual angle includes the first visual angle And second visual angle, the size at first visual angle are determined and second visual angle according to the first wave guide element Size be to determine according to the second waveguide element.
10. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, further includes：Polarizer is configured at the display and institute It states between first wave guide element, wherein there is the first polarization direction by the image strip from the polarizer, The image strip navigated in the first wave guide element has first polarization direction, navigates on the second waveguide The image strip in element has the second polarization direction, and first polarization direction is perpendicular to the second polarization side To.
11. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that these first beam splitters are along first direction Arrangement, these second beam splitters arrange in a second direction, and the image strip is along institute within the first wave guide element First direction transmitting is stated, the image strip leaves via after the effect of these the first beam splitters along the second direction The first wave guide element.
12. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that via different second beam splitters The image strip of reflection generates image frame in the projection target, and the image frame is by the partly overlapping shadow As light beam is formed.
13. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that via different second beam splitters The image strip of reflection generates image frame in the projection target, and the image frame is by the shadow that partially connects As light beam is formed.
14. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that via different first beam splitters The image strip of reflection generates image frame in the projection target, and the image frame is by the partly overlapping shadow As light beam is formed.
15. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that via different first beam splitters The image strip of reflection generates image frame in the projection target, and the image frame is by the shadow that partially connects As light beam is formed.
16. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that via different first beam splitters The image strip of reflection and the image strip reflected via the second different beam splitters, in the projection target Upper generation image frame, the image frame are formed by the partly overlapping image strip.
17. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that via different first beam splitters The image strip of reflection and the image strip reflected via the second different beam splitters, in the projection target Upper generation image frame, the image frame are formed by the image strip partially to connect.
18. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first wave guide element and described second There is interval between waveguide component.
19. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the second waveguide element these second The quantity of piece beam splitter is greater than the quantity of these first beam splitter of the first wave guide element.
20. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the chief ray of partial image light beam is via institute It is biased to the last a piece of light splitting member of first beam splitter in the path for stating first beam splitter reflection of the first beam splitter Part.
21. head-mounted display apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the chief ray of partial image light beam is via institute It is biased to first light splitting member of first beam splitter in the path for stating the last a piece of beam splitter reflection of the first beam splitter Part.
CN201710343926.4A 2017-05-16 2017-05-16 Head-mounted display apparatus Pending CN108873328A (en)

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