CN112130252A - Geometric optical waveguide device - Google Patents
Geometric optical waveguide device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112130252A CN112130252A CN202010975899.4A CN202010975899A CN112130252A CN 112130252 A CN112130252 A CN 112130252A CN 202010975899 A CN202010975899 A CN 202010975899A CN 112130252 A CN112130252 A CN 112130252A
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- waveguide substrate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/1215—Splitter
Abstract
The invention discloses a geometric optical waveguide device, which comprises a first waveguide substrate, a second waveguide substrate and a coupling incidence surface, wherein the first waveguide substrate is provided with a first waveguide hole; a plurality of layers of light splitting films are arranged in the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate; the coupling incidence surface is connected with the light wave input surface of the first waveguide substrate; the light wave output surface of the first waveguide substrate is connected with the light wave input surface of the second waveguide substrate. The invention provides a geometric optical waveguide device, which can solve the technical problem of poor pupil expanding efficiency in the prior art; meanwhile, the size of the optical machine can be effectively reduced, the manufacturing cost of equipment can be saved, the light weight and miniaturization of glasses can be realized, and the use experience of a user is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a geometric optical waveguide device.
Background
An optical waveguide (optical waveguide) is a guided structure made of an optically transparent medium (e.g., quartz glass) that transmits electromagnetic waves at an optical frequency. The transmission principle of the optical waveguide is that on a medium interface with different refractive indexes, the total reflection phenomenon of electromagnetic waves leads the optical waves to be limited in the waveguide and propagate in a limited area around the waveguide.
The existing optical waveguide device is provided with a coupling incidence surface and a waveguide substrate to form a one-dimensional pupil expanding optical path so as to realize the propagation of optical waves, and the realization principle is as follows: light of the optical machine is incident into the optical waveguide from the coupling incidence surface through structures such as a reflection inclined plane or a prism, the light reaches the optical waveguide by designing the angle of the coupling incidence surface or the shape of the prism and is transmitted to the coupling-out array part, and therefore the light is reflected out to human eyes.
The inventor of the present application finds in research that, in the existing geometric optical waveguide device, the one-dimensional pupil expanding optical path enables the optical wave to realize the pupil expansion in one direction only once in the propagation process, which results in poor pupil expansion efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a geometric optical waveguide device which can solve the technical problem of poor pupil expanding efficiency in the prior art.
In one aspect, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a geometric optical waveguide device, including a first waveguide substrate, a second waveguide substrate, and a coupling incident surface;
a plurality of layers of light splitting films are arranged in the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate; the incident angle of the light wave coupled into the first waveguide substrate meets the total reflection condition: theta > arcsin (n)0/n1) (ii) a The incident angle of the light reflected by each layer of the light splitting film of the first waveguide substrate after being incident on the second waveguide substrate meets the total reflection condition: theta > arcsin (n)0/n1) The reflectivity of each layer of the light splitting film in the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate is gradually improved along the propagation direction of the light path; where θ is the incident angle of the light wave, n1Is the refractive index of the substrate, n0Is the refractive index of air;
the coupling incidence surface is connected with the light wave input surface of the first waveguide substrate; the light wave output surface of the first waveguide substrate is connected with the light wave input surface of the second waveguide substrate.
Further, the distance between any two adjacent light splitting films is equal.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the first waveguide substrate and the upper surface of the second waveguide substrate are in the same plane, and the lower surface of the first waveguide substrate and the lower surface of the second waveguide substrate are in the same plane.
Further, the coupling incidence plane is obliquely arranged on the first waveguide substrate.
The prism is arranged on the same side of the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate, and the light incident surface of the prism is used as the coupling incident surface.
Furthermore, each layer of the light splitting film arranged in the first waveguide substrate and the plane where the second waveguide substrate is located form an included angle of 45 degrees.
Furthermore, an included angle formed by each layer of the light splitting film built in the second waveguide substrate and a plane where the second waveguide substrate is located is 1/2 of an incident angle of the light wave in the second waveguide substrate.
The invention provides a geometric optical waveguide device, which is characterized in that a coupling incidence plane, a first waveguide substrate and a second waveguide substrate are arranged, so that light can be emitted into the first waveguide substrate from the coupling incidence plane, reflected light can be emitted into the second waveguide substrate through a light splitting film in the first waveguide substrate, two-dimensional pupil expansion is realized to obtain a larger exit pupil size, and the technical problem of poor pupil expansion efficiency in the prior art can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a geometric optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side optical path view of a first waveguide substrate and a coupling-in reflective surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view optical path diagram of a first waveguide substrate and an incoupling reflective surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front optical path view of a second waveguide substrate and an incoupling reflective surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numbers in the drawings of the specification are as follows:
1: a coupling incidence plane; 2: a first waveguide substrate; 3: a second waveguide substrate; 4: and (3) a light splitting film.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a geometric optical waveguide device as shown in fig. 1, including a first waveguide substrate 2, a second waveguide substrate 3, and a coupling incident surface 1;
a plurality of layers of light splitting films 4 are arranged in the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3; the incident angle of the light wave coupled into the first waveguide substrate 2 satisfies the total reflection condition：θ＞arcsin(n0/n1) (ii) a The incident angle of the light reflected by each layer of the splitting film 4 of the first waveguide substrate 2 after entering the second waveguide substrate 3 satisfies the total reflection condition: theta > arcsin (n)0/n1) And the reflectivity of each layer of the light splitting film 4 in the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3 is gradually improved along the propagation direction of the light path; where θ is the incident angle of the light wave, n1Is the refractive index of the substrate, n0Is the refractive index of air.
The coupling incidence surface 1 is connected with the light wave input surface of the first waveguide substrate 2; the light wave output surface of the first waveguide substrate 2 is connected to the light wave input surface of the second waveguide substrate 3.
In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2-3, light emitted from the optical engine is incident into the first waveguide substrate 2 from the coupling incident surface 1, and the light enters the first waveguide substrate 2 to satisfy the total reflection condition θ > arcsin (n)0/n1) Where θ is the incident angle of the light wave on the first waveguide substrate 2, and n1Is the refractive index of the waveguide substrate, n0The light is the refractive index of air, and the light propagates from one end of the coupling incidence surface 1 to the other end of the first waveguide substrate 2, so that the one-dimensional pupil expansion is realized. Referring to fig. 3, each time a light ray passes through one of the light splitting films 4, the light ray is projected and reflected once, and the visible range is expanded in the x direction, wherein the propagation of the transmitted light ray is not affected by the light splitting film 4, and the reflected light ray also propagates toward the second waveguide substrate 3 following the total reflection condition in the first waveguide substrate 2, so as to realize two-dimensional pupil expansion.
Referring to fig. 4, after the reflected light reaches each layer of the splitting film 4 of the second waveguide substrate 3, transmission and reflection occur again, the transmitted light continues to expand the pupil along the propagation direction, the reflected light exits to the human eye display frame, and the visible range is further expanded in the y direction.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3 are used for carrying out primary pupil expansion on the picture to be displayed in the x direction and the y direction, so that two-dimensional pupil expansion is realized, and a larger exit pupil range is obtained.
Furthermore, the embodiment of the invention solves the technical problem that the existing optical waveguide needs to increase the light emergent size of the geometric optical waveguide device in other directions by increasing the size of the optical machine, can effectively reduce the size of the optical machine, can save the manufacturing cost of equipment, can realize light weight and miniaturization of glasses, and improves the use experience of users.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the pitches between any two adjacent spectroscopic films 4 are equal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the light splitting film 4 may be one or more of a light intensity splitting film 4 and a polarization splitting film 4, and the light splitting films 4 form an array of light splitting films 4 to achieve transmission and reflection of light.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the first waveguide substrate 2 and the upper surface of the second waveguide substrate 3 are in the same plane, and the lower surface of the first waveguide substrate 2 and the lower surface of the second waveguide substrate 3 are in the same plane.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the first waveguide substrate 2 and the upper surface of the second waveguide substrate 3 are in the same plane, and the lower surface of the first waveguide substrate 2 and the lower surface of the second waveguide substrate 3 are in the same plane, so that the reflected light of the first waveguide substrate 2 can be fully incident into the second waveguide to realize two-dimensional pupil expansion, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the two-dimensional pupil expansion.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the coupling incident surface 1 is obliquely disposed on the first waveguide substrate 2.
In the present embodiment, the obliquely arranged coupling-in surface 1 is arranged in the coupling-in region.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide device further includes a prism, the prism is disposed on the same side of the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3, and a light incident surface of the prism is used as the coupling incident surface 1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the prism is disposed on the same side of the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3, so that light rays are sequentially incident into the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3 through the light incident surface of the prism, thereby implementing two-dimensional pupil expansion.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, each of the light splitting films 4 disposed in the first waveguide substrate 2 forms an included angle of 45 ° with the plane on which the second waveguide substrate 3 is located.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each layer of the light splitting film 4 disposed in the first waveguide substrate 2 forms an included angle of 45 ° with the plane where the second waveguide substrate 3 is located, so that the incident angle of the light wave reflected into the second waveguide substrate 3 after passing through each layer of the light splitting film 4 of the first waveguide substrate 2 satisfies the total reflection condition:
θ＞arcsin(n0/n1)；
where θ is the incident angle of the light wave on the second waveguide substrate 3, and n1Is the refractive index of the second waveguide substrate 3, n0Is the refractive index of air.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, an included angle formed by each of the light splitting films 4 disposed in the second waveguide substrate 3 and a plane on which the second waveguide substrate 3 is located is 1/2 of an incident angle of the light wave in the second waveguide substrate 3.
Preferably, the included angle formed by the coupling incident surface 1 and the plane of the first waveguide substrate 2 is twice the included angle formed by each layer of the spectroscopic film 4 in the second waveguide substrate 3 and the plane of the second waveguide substrate 3. In the embodiment of the present invention, the reflectivity of each of the light splitting films 4 built in the first waveguide substrate is gradually increased along the propagation direction of the light path. Preferably, the reflectance of the last layered spectroscopic film 4 is 100%, the reflectance of the penultimate spectroscopic film 4 is 50%, the reflectance of the penultimate spectroscopic film 4 is 33.3%, the reflectance of the penultimate spectroscopic film 4 is 25%, and so on ….
The reflectivity of each layer of the light splitting film 4 arranged in the second waveguide substrate 3 is gradually improved along the propagation direction of the light path, and the reflectivity is r1，r2，r3，r4… (where r is2＝r1/(1-r1)，r3＝r1/(1-2r1)，r4＝r1/(1-3r1) …), preferably, to ensure secondaryThe light transmittance of the waveguide substrate and the reflectivity r of the last layer of the light splitting film 4 arranged in the second waveguide substrate 3n≤15％。
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, the first waveguide substrate 2 and the second waveguide substrate 3 are used for carrying out primary pupil expansion on the picture to be displayed in the x direction and the y direction, so that two-dimensional pupil expansion is realized, and a larger exit pupil range is obtained. Furthermore, the embodiment of the invention solves the technical problem that the existing optical waveguide needs to increase the light-emitting size in other directions in the optical waveguide by increasing the size of the optical machine, can effectively reduce the size of the optical machine, can save the manufacturing cost of equipment, can realize the light weight and the miniaturization of glasses, and improves the use experience of users.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A geometrical optical waveguide device comprises a first waveguide substrate, a second waveguide substrate and a coupling incidence plane;
the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate are both provided with a plurality of layers of light splitting films, and the incident angle of light waves coupled into the first waveguide substrate meets the total reflection condition: theta > arcsin (n)0/n1) (ii) a The incident angle of the light reflected by each layer of the light splitting film of the first waveguide substrate after being incident on the second waveguide substrate meets the total reflection condition: theta > arcsin (n)0/n1) The reflectivity of each layer of the light splitting film in the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate is gradually improved along the propagation direction of the light path; where θ is the incident angle of the light wave, n1Is the refractive index of the substrate, n0Is the refractive index of air;
the coupling incidence surface is connected with the light wave input surface of the first waveguide substrate; the light wave output surface of the first waveguide substrate is connected with the light wave input surface of the second waveguide substrate.
2. The geometric light guide of claim 1, wherein the separation distance between any two adjacent prismatic films is equal.
3. The geometric light guide of claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the first waveguide substrate is coplanar with the upper surface of the second waveguide substrate, and the lower surface of the first waveguide substrate is coplanar with the lower surface of the second waveguide substrate.
4. The geometric light guide of claim 1, wherein the coupling entry face is disposed obliquely to the first waveguide substrate.
5. The geometric light guide of claim 4, further comprising a prism disposed on the same side of the first waveguide substrate and the second waveguide substrate, the light incident surface of the prism serving as the coupling incident surface.
6. The geometric light waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein each of the light splitting films disposed in the first waveguide substrate forms an angle of 45 ° with a plane on which the second waveguide substrate is disposed.
7. The geometrical light guide device according to claim 1, wherein each of the light splitting films disposed in the second waveguide substrate forms an angle 1/2 with respect to the plane of the second waveguide substrate, which is an incident angle of the light wave in the second waveguide substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010975899.4A CN112130252A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Geometric optical waveguide device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010975899.4A CN112130252A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Geometric optical waveguide device |
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| CN112130252A true CN112130252A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| CN202010975899.4A Pending CN112130252A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Geometric optical waveguide device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112904566A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-04 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Illumination optical system and optical display apparatus |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104062769A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 张鹏 | Optical device |
| CN107238928A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of Waveguide array |
| CN108873328A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-23 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Head-mounted display apparatus |
| CN110058410A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Waveguide assemblies and near-eye display device |
-
2020
- 2020-09-16 CN CN202010975899.4A patent/CN112130252A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104062769A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 张鹏 | Optical device |
| CN108873328A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-23 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Head-mounted display apparatus |
| CN107238928A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-10-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of Waveguide array |
| CN110058410A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Waveguide assemblies and near-eye display device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112904566A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-04 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Illumination optical system and optical display apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20201225 |
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