CN108872956A - A kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance - Google Patents
A kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108872956A CN108872956A CN201810785513.6A CN201810785513A CN108872956A CN 108872956 A CN108872956 A CN 108872956A CN 201810785513 A CN201810785513 A CN 201810785513A CN 108872956 A CN108872956 A CN 108872956A
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- Prior art keywords
- signal
- calibration source
- delay distance
- delay
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance, which includes electromagnetic horn, wave detector, the first signal conversion circuit, FPGA, continuous wave signal source, second signal conversion circuit, RF switch and power amplifier module.The adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance of the invention can be realized delay distance can reconcile send moving target signal function, overcome the nonadjustable disadvantage of original optical fiber relay type calibration source delay distance, it is of simple structure and low cost, it can be widely applied to radar calibration, static test and simulated training, practical, application value is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radar calibration technical fields, and in particular to a kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance.
Background technique
Under normal conditions, instrumentation radar must carry out angle measurement and range-measurement system before and after motor-driven rear or execution significant task
Calibration improves measurement accuracy to minimize systematic error.The calibration source equipment indispensable as radar calibration is usually used
In the measurement of phase equalization, directional sensitivity and photoelectricity axis deviation, and the verifying to static tracking accuracy.Currently, radar
The calibration source of outfit uses the principle of optical fiber delay forwarding, and delay distance cannot change, when echo-signal is just at miscellaneous by force
Wave region will seriously affect the precision of calibration.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance, at low cost, knot
Structure is simple, and can be realized distance can reconcile send moving target signal function.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance, which is characterized in that the calibration source include electromagnetic horn, wave detector,
First signal conversion circuit, FPGA, continuous wave signal source, second signal conversion circuit, RF switch and power amplifier module：
The electromagnetic horn is used to receive the RF pulse signal of radar emission, and is sent to wave detector；
The wave detector generates transmitted reference pulse for receiving RF pulse signal, is sent to the conversion of the first signal
Circuit；
First signal conversion circuit is for the voltage for the pulse signal that wave detector exports to be amplified to by 0.5V
The operating voltage 3.3V of FPGA, and give to FPGA and detect；
The FPGA is used to receive and read the low and high level of toggle switch output, realizes delay distance, output signal arteries and veins
Width, fixed range/uniform motion echo signal switching control, and output control pulse signal are rushed, send to second signal and turns
Change circuit；
The second signal conversion circuit is used to the voltage of the control wave being amplified to 5V by 3.3V, send
To RF switch；
The continuous wave signal source is used to generate the continuous wave signal of required frequency, is sent to the RF switch；
The RF switch is used to receive the continuous wave signal and is modulated, and generates RF pulse signal, hair
Give the power amplifier module；The modulated process is given the control of the control wave of RF switch by FPGA；
The power amplifier module is used to carry out power amplification to the RF pulse signal received, send to output electromagnetic horn
It radiate, radar is used for calibration after receiving.
Further, the gain of the power amplifier in the power amplifier module is 40dB, and peak power output is
15dBm。
Further, the operating frequency range in the continuous wave signal source is 25MHz-6000MHz, is made an uproar with interior phase
Output power 0dBm when sound -110dBc/Hz, 5.6GHz.
Further, the RF switch selects the hmc336ms8g chip of analog company.
Further, when the detection tube model 2H11573B, input power 20dBm that the wave detector uses, output
Impulse amplitude is 0.5V, along 0.1 μ s of < before and after pulse.
Further, the signal conversion circuit selects TLV3502 single channel high speed push-pull output comparator, when delay
Between be 4.5ns.
Further, all devices in radar calibration source are all made of 5V power supply power supply, are supplied using mains-supplied and lithium battery
Electric both of which.
Further, the electromagnetic horn uses linear polarization electromagnetic horn, gain 20dB, working frequency 5.38-
19.5 ° of horizontal lobe width when 8.17GHz, 5.66GHz, 18.5 ° of vertical lobe width.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance of the invention can be realized delay distance can reconcile send moving target letter
Number function, overcome the nonadjustable disadvantage of original optical fiber relay type calibration source delay distance, it is of simple structure and low cost, can
It is widely used in radar calibration, static test and simulated training, practical, application value is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is distance adjustable calibration source system block diagram；
Fig. 2 is delays time to control timing diagram；
Fig. 3 is signal conversion circuit block diagram；
Radar tracking calibration source data curve when Fig. 4 is delay distance 39.904km；
Radar tracking calibration source data curve when Fig. 5 is delay distance 45.900km；
Radar tracking calibration source data curve when Fig. 6 is delay distance 129.841km；
Radar tracking calibration source data curve when Fig. 7 is transmitting moving target signal；
Target speed data curve when Fig. 8 is transmitting moving target signal.
Specific embodiment
Below according to attached drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, the objects and effects of the present invention will become brighter
White, below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance proposed by the present invention, composition block diagram is as shown in Figure 1, the calibration source includes loudspeaker
Antenna, wave detector, the first signal conversion circuit, FPGA, continuous wave signal source, second signal conversion circuit, RF switch and
Power amplifier module.
The signal flow in calibration source is：After receiving the RF pulse signal that electromagnetic horn receives radar emission, it is sent into detection
Device exports transmitted reference pulse and is sent to the first signal conversion circuit, sent after voltage amplification to FPGA and detected, after detection after detection
Through certain time-delay FPGA output control pulse, send to second signal conversion circuit, sent after amplification to RF switch；Continuous wave signal
The output in source is connected with RF switch, and signal is sent after RF switch is modulated to power amplifier, is sent after power amplifier to output loudspeaker
Aerial radiation is gone out, and radar is used for calibration after receiving.
It is defeated after scheduled delay after signal delays time to control timing is as shown in Fig. 2, FPGA detects transmitted reference pulse
Radio frequency switch control signal out realizes signal delay function, and signal, which is delayed, decides the distance of signal delay, adjustment delay
Adjustment signal delay distance.The each component part in calibration source is described below：
(1) continuous wave signal source
The output in continuous wave signal source is connected with RF switch, for generating the continuous wave signal of required frequency, is sent to and penetrates
Frequency switchs；Program-controlled ultralow mutually hot-tempered frequency source is selected in continuous wave signal source, and working method is continuous wave signal, and operating frequency range is
Output power 0dBm when 25MHz-6000MHz, in-band phase noise -110dBc/Hz, 5.6GHz, using USB interface or USART
Mouth control.
(2) RF switch
Radar calibration desired signal is RF pulse signal, and the output of continuous wave signal source is continuous wave signal, is passed through
Continuous wave signal is modulated to pulse signal by RF switch, i.e., does not have signal output when RF switch turns off, and RF switch is opened
Time in have signal output, achieve the purpose that signal modulation.RF switch control signal deciding RF switch when be connected
And cut-off, and then determine the delay and pulse width of pulse signal.
By RF switch it is artificial continuous wave signal is modulated to pulse signal, the performance parameter of RF switch is as responded
Speed, edge characteristics, isolation and the stability of itself, these indexs directly affect the quality of modulation afterpulse signal.
The hmc336ms8g chip for selecting analog company is exclusively used in the microwave electron switch of 2~6GHz frequency, internal junction
Structure is symmetrical Schottky switch, can also serve as the ultrahigh speed pulse-modulator of the frequency range.Parameter index is as follows：
Insertion Loss is connected：3~4dB@5GHz；
Isolation：18~20dB@5GHz；
Ultimate bearing capacity：0dBm；
Response time：< 20ns；
Control mode：Conducting：Control terminal adds+5V voltage (electric current about 7~9mA)；Cut-off：Control terminal ground connection or vacant.
(3) wave detector
Wave detector generates transmitted reference pulse for receiving RF pulse signal, is sent to the first signal conversion circuit.Inspection
When the detection tube model 2H11573B, input power 20dBm that wave device uses, output pulse amplitude 0.5V, edge before and after pulse
0.1 μ s of <, can satisfy requirement.
(4) signal conversion circuit
By analysis wave detector output pulse signal characteristic and research FPGA required input characteristics of signals, design is corresponding to be turned
Circuit is changed, realizes effective detection of the FPGA to wave detector output pulse signal.Geophone output signal is impulse level, amplitude
0.5V or so；FPGA input, output signal are impulse level, amplitude 3.3V or so.
Signal conversion circuit function：The pulse signal of the 0.5V that first signal conversion circuit exports wave detector or so amplifies
To 3.3V needed for FPGA work；The 3.3V pulse signal that FPGA is exported is amplified to RF switch work by second signal conversion circuit
Make the 5V needed.In amplification process, it is desirable that delay is as small as possible, and is delayed and fixes, and otherwise will affect entire delay precision.Pass through
Related device and investigation are collected, TLV3502 single channel high speed push-pull output comparator, delay time 4.5ns, Neng Gouman are selected
Sufficient index request, the course of work are as shown in Figure 3.
(5)FPGA
Delay precision directly affects the using effect in calibration source, needs very high precision, theoretically may be used using FPGA
To realize permissible accuracy, but still it will receive the delay of the RF switch control signal of transmitting reference signal and FPGA output and penetrate
Frequency switchs the influence of response speed itself, needs to comprehensively consider.The crystal oscillator frequency that FPGA is used reaches after 4 frequencys multiplication for 50MHz
200MHz, a machine cycle 5ns, i.e., minimum control delay time 5ns.In addition, FPGA crystal oscillator frequency stability is higher, therefore
It can satisfy requirement on the Precision Theory of FPGA delay.
Constant time lag control process is：After FPGA detects the reference pulse signal of input, according to detecting toggle switch
Corresponding time delay count is arranged in the delay distance of output, and the pulse signal of respective pulses width is exported after counting.
Using the method for delay continuous variable, Moving Target Return signal is realized, controlling program at this time is：In constant time lag
On the basis of, increase certain numerical value by time delay count one cycle separation or after multiple periods, the distance that makes to be delayed is as the time connects
It is continuous to increase or decrease, the moving target on simulated range.By debugging, when designing moving target, distance change range is 40km
~254km, distance are changed from small to big, then from large to small, 417 meter per second of movement velocity.
Control of the FPGA by toggle switch, receive and read toggle switch output 7 low and high levels, realize delay away from
From, output signal pulses width, fixed range/uniform motion echo signal switching, it is described in detail as follows：
A) preset 39.9km~135.9km is spaced 3km, and totally 32 delay distance values, are indicated using 5 toggle switch；
B) pulse width is designed as two kinds of 0.9 μ s and 1.9 μ s, is indicated using a toggle switch；
C) fixed range and uniform motion echo signal are indicated using a toggle switch.
(6) power amplifier module
Power amplifier module is used to carry out RF pulse signal power amplification, the signal power according to needed for radar calibration, choosing
It is 40dB, peak power output 15dBm, power requirement needed for can satisfy calibration with amplifier gain.
(7) power supply
Selected device is all made of 5V power supply, unified to use 5V power supply.Using mains-supplied and lithium battery power supply both of which,
Convenient for the motor-driven use in calibration source.
(8) electromagnetic horn
Standard-gain horn antenna is for the reception of radar signal and the transmitting of calibration source signal, using linear polarization loudspeaker day
Line, 19.5 ° of lobe width horizontal, vertical lobe width when gain 20dB, working frequency 5.38-8.17GHz, 5.66GHz
18.5°。
Actual tracking and testing is carried out using radar after the completion of design, and system receives radar hair using electromagnetic horn when test
The RF pulse signal penetrated generates the RF pulse signal of identical frequency and pulsewidth after calibration source handles and is delayed, passes through loudspeaker
Antenna is launched, and after radar receives signal, can be used as real goal and carries out distance and angleonly tracking, enrolled by analysis
Tracking data judge that index of correlation, test result is as follows：
(1) fixed delay is tested apart from echo-signal
Three delay distances are selected when test, radar opens full machine, and aerial angle is directed at electromagnetic horn, the calibration to receiving
Source signal carries out data being enrolled, as a result as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and table 1 apart from tracking：
1 fixed delay distance test result of table
| Serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Delay distance | 39903.8 | 45899.68 | 129841.5 |
| The mean square deviation of delay distance | 0.756279 | 0.235359 | 0.238397 |
It can be seen that delay distance precision less than 1 meter by data in actual tracking and table, and pair that radar can be stable
Echo signal is continuously tracked, and illustrates that delays time to control precision is higher, has reached design requirement.
(2) Moving Target Return signal testing
When moving target, radar state and fixed delay apart from when it is identical, obtain distance change model after analysis admission data
It encloses for 40km-254km, 417 meter per second of movement velocity is consistent, as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8 with design.
By actual test, 32 grades of calibration source delay distance is adjustable, and delay distance precision is less than 1 meter, generated fixation
Delayed echo signal and moving target signal can realize the function in calibration source by radar tenacious tracking.
It will appreciated by the skilled person that being not used to limit the foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of invention
System invention, although invention is described in detail referring to previous examples, for those skilled in the art, still
It can modify to the technical solution of aforementioned each case history or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all
Within the spirit and principle of invention, modification, equivalent replacement for being made etc. be should be included within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance, which is characterized in that the calibration source includes electromagnetic horn, wave detector,
One signal conversion circuit, FPGA, continuous wave signal source, second signal conversion circuit, RF switch and power amplifier module：
The electromagnetic horn is used to receive the RF pulse signal of radar emission, and is sent to wave detector；
The wave detector generates transmitted reference pulse for receiving RF pulse signal, is sent to the first signal conversion circuit；
First signal conversion circuit is used to the voltage for the pulse signal that wave detector exports being amplified to FPGA's by 0.5V
Operating voltage 3.3V, and give to FPGA and detect.
The FPGA is used to receive and read the low and high level of toggle switch output, realizes that delay distance, output signal pulses are wide
Degree, the switching of fixed range/uniform motion echo signal, and output controls arteries and veins afterwards for a period of time by the pulse delay signal
Signal is rushed, is sent to second signal conversion circuit；
The second signal conversion circuit is used to the voltage of the control wave being amplified to 5V by 3.3V, send to penetrating
Frequency switchs；
The continuous wave signal source is used to generate the continuous wave signal of required frequency, is sent to the RF switch.
The RF switch is used to receive the continuous wave signal and is modulated, and generates RF pulse signal, is sent to
The power amplifier module；The modulated process is given the control of the control wave of RF switch by FPGA；
The power amplifier module is used to carry out power amplification to the RF pulse signal received, send to output electromagnetic horn radiation
It goes out, radar is used for calibration after receiving.
2. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the power amplifier module
Power amplifier gain be 40dB, peak power output 15dBm.
3. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the continuous wave signal
The operating frequency range in source is 25MHz-6000MHz, output power 0dBm when in-band phase noise -110dBc/Hz, 5.6GHz.
4. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the RF switch choosing
With the hmc336ms8g chip of analog company.
5. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the wave detector uses
Detection tube model 2H11573B, input power 20dBm when, output pulse amplitude 0.5V, along 0.1 μ s of < before and after pulse.
6. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal converts electricity
TLV3502 single channel high speed push-pull output comparator, delay time 4.5ns are selected in road.
7. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that radar calibration source is all
Device is all made of 5V power supply power supply, using mains-supplied and lithium battery power supply both of which.
8. the adjustable radar calibration source of delay distance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electromagnetic horn is adopted
With linear polarization electromagnetic horn, when gain 20dB, working frequency 5.38-8.17GHz, 5.66GHz, is 19.5 ° of lobe width horizontal, hangs down
Straight 18.5 ° of lobe width.
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